What are Decibels and why are 3dB and dBm important?
Explains why Decibels are used, and also why the 3dB value is so important. It also explains what dBm is.
For a full list of Videos and Summary Sheets, goto: www.iaincollings.com
... and sorry everyone. There's a "typo" in this video. I should have used "power" everywhere, not "voltage". Decibels are defined to be 10log_10 of a ratio of powers (not voltages). If you replace all the V's with P's in the video then it's all totally fine. That's annoying. Sorry.
I've fixed it on the Summary Sheet here: drive.google.com/file/d/1qtvf...
Note that sometimes people do consider ratios of voltages (as I did here), but then they need to multiply by 20, instead of 10 (which I forgot to do). Why? Because for electrical signals, P=V^2/R. So if, instead of powers, you have a ratio of two voltages (across the same resistor), then the power ratio = (V_2/V_1)^2, and the square comes out the front in the log function, as a multiple - hence the 20, instead of the 10. In other words, 10log_10(P_2/P_1)=20log_10(V_2/V_1).
It's just a factor or 2, which is not important to the general understanding of the log function, but it's annoying I made the mistake in the video. Sorry about that.
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Пікірлер: 87
You explained and clarified the concept of dB swiftly and left me wondering 🤔 why it was confusing in the first place ! Thank you
@iain_explains
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
This channel means a lot to me! Most of the knowledge is simply not explained in the university where I am studying. Thank you. I hope you continue to do what you are doing and will do.
@iain_explains
3 жыл бұрын
You're very welcome! I'm glad the videos are helping.
Most of the simple things I have never known before. What a neat and simple explanation. Really great. Thank you.
@iain_explains
4 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
Very well explained! Clean and simple and get right to the point.
@iain_explains
4 жыл бұрын
Thanks. Glad you liked it.
I have a "teach yourself" teacher and have been struggling with filters and amplifiers, this video really help explain why we use db and what he meant when he keeps talking about the 3db point
@iain_explains
7 ай бұрын
I'm glad it helped.
Great video exactly what I was looking for!
@iain_explains
3 жыл бұрын
Great to hear!
Hello, I really doubted of miself during this video until reading the description that notice the typo, your videos are so good , I think it should be nice to reupload this one without this error because it keeps this notions of levels in dB still very confusing for the novice while the purpose is to clarify. Thank you for all your content anyway:)
@iain_explains
7 ай бұрын
Yes, it's annoying, I know. It's just a minor "typo" in scaling. It would be good if KZread allowed me to edit the video to fix it, but once something is published, it's published.
This really helped during studying Analog Filters. Thanks a lot Sir!
@iain_explains
Жыл бұрын
That's great to hear. I'm glad you found the video useful.
A very clear explanation, thank you.
@iain_explains
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
incredibly well explained. thank you
@iain_explains
2 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
Sir can you explain the topic about middlebrook criterion. For choosing the inductor and capacitors to design smps
you cleared a very important point (why 3db isnt halfway down the line). Silly me, thats easy and shoud've understood beforehand. Thank you sir!
@iain_explains
4 жыл бұрын
Glad it helped!
world need teachers like you sir. Thank you so much sir.
@iain_explains
Жыл бұрын
Thanks for your nice comment. I'm glad you like the videos.
Thanks for the video...Helped me alot
@iain_explains
3 жыл бұрын
Glad to hear that
Superb!!
good explanation, thanks
@iain_explains
2 жыл бұрын
Glad you liked it
I wish you were my maths teacher in my higher secondary school....thanks for your efforts and enthusiasm to teach.....
@iain_explains
Жыл бұрын
I'm so glad you like the videos.
As a person who has work in pro sound, finally the penny drops as to why we use decibels not "bels" to mathematically explain the values we are playing with, scratching my head what was taught in class around dB- SPL ( sound pressure levels) something to do with the lowest level the human ear can perceive. K regards and 73's
@iain_explains
Жыл бұрын
Yes, it's all a matter of scale.
Thank you very much
@iain_explains
4 ай бұрын
You are welcome
Amazing. Awed at such a simple yet effective explanation. But it would be better if the concept of half power at 3dB cut-off could be incorporated. Nonetheless, this is worth admiring.
@iain_explains
4 ай бұрын
Sorry, I'm not sure what you mean. I do talk about that, from the 4:26min mark onwards. Perhaps you're referring to the fact that I say "voltage" everywhere, when I should have been saying "power". As I note in the description below the video, I had a total brain fade the day I made that video. Sorry about that ... unfortunately KZread doesn't allow me to re-upload a revised/corrected version.
@iain_explains
4 ай бұрын
I've fixed it on the Summary Sheet, here: drive.google.com/file/d/1qtvfyv05Ju4HvLKRcfHdfdZfQUrMaPHh/view
Superb! Thanks.
@iain_explains
4 жыл бұрын
Glad you liked it! You might like to check out some of the other videos on the channel as well. I've recently made a webpage with a full categorised list: iaincollings.com
I'm ashamed to say all that I got from this was that "bel" was named after Alexander Graham Bell...y'all math wizards are crazy! (appreciate the video)
Can you do a video explain why people prefer semilogy to plot the BER ?
@iain_explains
Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the suggestion. I'll put it on my "to do" list. In short, it's because it's easier to see the BER region of interest.
02:00 How can multiplying the value of bels by ten be equal to a 10th of a bel (a 'deci'bel so to speak)? If you multiply a bel by 10 isn't it 10 times as much? Like a giga or a terabel?
@BlackBlast
3 жыл бұрын
Haha, nevermind i just found the reason behind this. Greetings from elementary school 😂
@iain_explains
3 жыл бұрын
Glad you worked it out. And I'm happy the video prompted your question. I'm sure you're not the only person to wonder about that. It's one of the reasons I like making these videos.
@nimrodgazit
2 жыл бұрын
And what’s the answer? Multiplying the log by ten will result with 10bells
@nimrodgazit
2 жыл бұрын
It’s also doesn’t make sense if you talk about meters. 1deci meter doesn’t equal to 1metets
@nimrodgazit
2 жыл бұрын
@@iain_explains hi, can you please
The best
Also helpfull to know is that one can quickly convert from dBm to dB by simply substracting -30. E.g. 5dBm = -25 dB
@iain_explains
2 жыл бұрын
Yes, that's often helpful to know.
it was very helpful sir....but why do we need to half the power sir?
@iain_explains
Жыл бұрын
We don't need to halve the power. It's just a reference level that can be used. For example, in filter design, we want the frequency response to roll off between the "in band" frequency range and the "out of band" frequency range. The "half power" frequency gives us an indication of the slope of the roll-off.
Why do multiply log by 20 sometimes that is also called dB. And for 3dB bandwidth it is also like the value of frequency at which magnitude response falls down to 1/squareroot(2) of its of peak value. In terms of 20log that gives the same result as you obtained in 10log
@iain_explains
4 жыл бұрын
Decibels are 10log_10 of a ratio of powers. For electrical signals, P=V^2/R. So if, instead of powers, you have a ratio of two voltages (across the same resistor), then the power ratio is (V_2/V_1)^2, and the square comes out the front in a log function, as a multiple - hence the 20, instead of the 10. In other words, 10log_10(P_2/P_1)=20log_10(V_2/V_1).
@suhailbhat1996
4 жыл бұрын
@@iain_explains thank you for clearing it. Your videos are super helpful.
@hamidalimohammadi7255
4 жыл бұрын
Thank you Iain, very well explained. I am just confused about using 10log vs 20log. I mean as you explained, the 20log is used for Voltage ratios, but in this example (Vout/Vin) you have used 10log not 20log. Maybe it was just a typo or I misunderstood?
@iain_explains
4 жыл бұрын
Ahhh. Very sorry. You're right, it's a typo. I should have used power everywhere, not voltage. ... or I should have replaced the 10's with 20's. That's annoying. Sorry.
So is it safe to say that every 3db increase, the gain is doubled? But can you explain gain more?
@iain_explains
2 жыл бұрын
Yes, that's right. This video might help with respect to "gain": "What are Antenna Gain, EIRP, and Friis Equation?" kzread.info/dash/bejne/n3yjlI-fZbmehpc.html
Can you comment, when people consider 20*log10(V2/V1) (dB)?
@iain_explains
3 жыл бұрын
Please take a look at the description below the video. It explains that I made a typo in the video. I think it will answer your question.
Good info but the way the information provided here can be confusing as you only speak about amplitudes, you don't introduce the 20 Log V1/V2 when it is relevant to comparing the power of the signal, and this confusion seems to come up quite a lot. Most engineering formulae use 20 Log V1/V2 and 10 Log P1/P2 when related to power in dB. I was also confused as you began to introduce dBm which is actually the ref of power related to 1mW instead of using the amplitude reference of 1 dbmV. Thanks.
@iain_explains
3 жыл бұрын
Yes, sorry about that. If you read the notes in the description below the video, I've explained it (someone pointed this out before). Pity I can't redo the video to update it - KZread doesn't allow it.
@tpmbe
3 жыл бұрын
@@iain_explains Excellent Thank You, Great Videos
Oh my goodness. U saved by college life!!!
@iain_explains
4 ай бұрын
I'm so glad you've found it helpful.
You are God! Finally understood it!
@iain_explains
2 жыл бұрын
I'm glad the video was helpful. Have you noticed my webpage, where there are lots more videos on related topics? iaincollings.com
10 log P1/P2 = Power Gain db, whereas -> 20 log V1/V2 = Voltage Gain db - typo in video.
@iain_explains
Жыл бұрын
Yes, sorry about that. There's a note about it in the description below the video.
@nekelly123
8 ай бұрын
I don't think it is a typo. The 10/20 applies for converting between power/voltage gains. A 6dB power gain is a 3dB voltage/current gain.
V is not a power. When working with "volts" it should be 20 x log (V/Vref).
@iain_explains
3 жыл бұрын
Yes, thanks. It's explained in the notes below the video.
omg Bel was a unit
🙏🌹
@iain_explains
2 жыл бұрын
👍
Thank you. It's the log math. I get it now.
@regorRegor
2 жыл бұрын
And roar, the graph is logarithmic and that's why the -3dB point is not half way on the scale. Roar, I never saw that. Thank you. I never picked up on that. Roar again.
@iain_explains
2 жыл бұрын
I'm so glad the video has been helpful.
Thanks for your content professor i need to build my foundation in order to understand fourier transformation i have strong desire to learn things and u offer me this i wish i have money so I could donate to u open donations page so when i have credit card I would donate to u
@iain_explains
2 жыл бұрын
I'm glad you like the videos on the channel, and have found them useful.
Quit interesting video and was just interested to see how you would explain it in a simple way. But the video is misleading because it deals with voltage ratios instead of power ratios. And I feel this negates the usefulness of this video to some. I recommend you redo this video and post the corrected version! (I know you have put up an explanation to this... :-)!)
@iain_explains
2 жыл бұрын
Yes, I agree. However KZread does not allow replacement videos to be uploaded over the top of previous videos (I'm sure there are good reasons for this). I ended up deciding that the benefit people get from the reach that this video has achieved will outweigh the benefit of removing it and uploading another video that wouldn't have anywhere near the same viewer reach. After all, it's only a factor of 2, and very easy to understand after reading the comment below the video.
@evaristomusonda7760
2 жыл бұрын
@@iain_explains Understood. You are a great teacher Iain, I wish to recommend your website to my students.