"If Calculus is so good, how come there's no Calculus 2?" --Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

@LaughingManRa

11 ай бұрын

Personally, I got an "A" in Calc II, but an "A-" in Calc I and Calc III. Go figure!

@ninolatimer1863

2 ай бұрын

​@@LaughingManRasame so far, hoping to get that final A in calc 3 next semester

Calc 2 is hard because all the different ways to integrate makes it like playing chess. There's integrating by parts, trig sub, plain u-substitution, partial fraction decomposition, trig integrating by using trigonometric identities, and then having to _apply_ all of these in different contexts like Volumes of Revolution, Surfaces, Arc Length, and then their applications in Physics.

@christosbinos8467

7 ай бұрын

Total beginner here, so my question may be entirely naive. However, is this different to factorizing polynomials, which can include factorizing by difference of squares, GCF, GCF with leading coefficient > 1, sum/differences of cubes etc?

@lonely-lo1153

5 ай бұрын

@@christosbinos8467no sir, you’ll wish it was just that if you take it. And really Cal 2 isn’t hard, it’s that they make the questions really annoying and meticulous.

@msfttempur

5 ай бұрын

@@christosbinos8467I’m currently in Calc 2 at uni. The difference is you are mostly guessing when you have to apply this techniques. If you are good at calc 2 you have a good idea as to what to do, but if it doesn’t work you are guessing from there.

To use a video game metaphor. Calc 1 is like a linear storymode game , where your character levels up as you defeat progressively harder bosses and by the end of the game your character is stronger than all the enemies. Calc 3 is like a sequel to that game. You learn a new mechanic, thinking about functions with multiple variables, and the rest of the difficulty progression is similiar (until you get to stuff like stoke 's theorem which is kinda like DLC). In contrast, Calc 2 feels like a game made by the same developer in a different genre; an open world game. The game difficulty isnt necessarily linear and it feels like you're going around collecting equipment, until you grind enough mobs to unlock the S-tier enchantment (the intuition necessary for being able to quickly pick the correct and efficient integration techniques and identies to solve any question in a timed exam). Until you get this enchantment, sometimes some of the early game areas even get harder , because you found some cool weapon in a different area (IBP) and you naively tried using it against enemies that are strong against it . And in the endgame, you end up getting introduced to different kinds of enemies as much faster pace. I've seen people try to cover everything from basic diff eqs, error correction, physics and probability applications, all the while trying to wrap up the power series section, during the few weeks between a third (or late second midterm) and the final .

@rayycqser001

11 ай бұрын

beautiful way to put it

@tinyleopard6741

10 ай бұрын

That's relatable

@yonkoh529

9 ай бұрын

I’m in pre cal. You just eased all of my worries away with your explanation. I will reference this before every semester thanks.

@aliasjon8320

9 ай бұрын

@@yonkoh529 I'm glad to hear that. Good luck with calc !

@ilyjesusable

8 ай бұрын

Dark souls 2 is calc 2

I got a D in Calc 1 in high school. Then, when I took Calc 1 again in college, my professor made the biggest difference. I plowed throw Calc 1, 2, and 3 with an A because of that one person who took the time to remind me about Algebra 1 and how Calc 1 was mostly Algebra 1 applied to more complicated looking “stuff” is what he called it. :)

@christosbinos8467

7 ай бұрын

It's what I've come to find so far. I'm someone who did not take any mathematics class in the last 2 years of high school. I've covered introductory set theory and attempted calculus, only to find I am missing basics like analytic trig, algebra 1 and functions. Covering algebra 1 in particular has been a saving grace.

Currently in calc 2 with a full time job, studying literally every free second I get, easily getting 4-6 hours in every day, still feels like I’m flying by the seat of my pants

@TheMathSorcerer

11 ай бұрын

good luck!!

@danielclipper931

10 ай бұрын

I don’t mean to sound rude, but if you are studying 4-6 hours everyday for one class, you are going about it all wrong. Currently in calc 2, maintaining decent grades and I’m putting maybe 10 hours max into it per week.

@LB_c_777

10 ай бұрын

Not everyone is the same as you Daniel. Not everyone learns the same. Some of us aren’t gifted in math but still worked our way up to where we’re at. And then you have different things that factor into the situation, maybe the teacher isn’t good at explaining certain things and topics? You never know.

@danielclipper931

10 ай бұрын

@@LB_c_777 What makes you think I'm gifted in math. I had to take all high school level classes my first year of college. I am merely pointing out that OP might not be studying effectively if they are having to study 25+ hours in a single class. Though it is entirely dependent on the rigor of the class. Maybe their calc 2 course is just more difficult than mine.

@taraking6472

9 ай бұрын

Same

I think the reason Calc II is harder is because in Precalc we spend most of the time related more to Calc I. Too often series/sequences are given short shrift in Precalc so the stuff isn't so familiar. Other topics like partial fraction decomposition, polar coordinates are also not given the attention they need.

@duckymomo7935

11 ай бұрын

I’m a math major and I still cannot do partial fraction decomposition lol That’s literally the only thing I cannot do in calc ii

@wintermelon8268

11 ай бұрын

I completely agree. The topics covered in calculus 2 are not focused on much so the it is difficult to have a good foundation before taking the class.

@readinggeo167

11 ай бұрын

that's really intersting. i'm not much of a matg person but i loved calc I because it made all those years of pre calc finally click but afterwards i just kinda bombed. so i relate to maybe not being as prepared for calc II

@divyangvaidya9675

11 ай бұрын

True. Even then Precalculus is just a condensed one semester course trying to best prepare you for calculus, which is itself a 3 semester course.

The hardest part for me was the techniques of integration. I could never figure out the best technique to use, but once I learned that any problem could be done using trigonometric substitution, I became an expert at that and used it for everything.

@williejohnson5172

2 ай бұрын

BOOM!!!!!!! Shout that out to the world. Any and all calculus is trig. Period. x=cosine. y=sine. versine=negative cosine. As the cosine goes to zero (must go to zero, no dx or dy) the versine must go to 1. That is the limit. As long as a student never forgets this then they will do just fine in calculus.

@magicaldragon4673

2 ай бұрын

@@williejohnson5172 any integral can be soluved by trigonometric substitution?? like even something that would require the power rule

Yes, multi variable calculus was the one time I handed in a mostly blank exam, it was so confusing to me.

@arnoboy96

11 ай бұрын

6m later and I still have trouble doing vector analysis problems. Like I can't for the love of me NOT apply the divergence theorem on non-closed sets .... Not having a dedicated topology class/section before multivariable was BRUTAL :(

@paulice479

11 ай бұрын

Calc 2 was easy for me. Calc 3 was wild on the other hand

@AoG2695

11 ай бұрын

I had the same experience. Loved calc 2 and passed with an A. Calc 3 was more of a struggle. Got by with a B.

@user-lu6yg3vk9z

10 ай бұрын

Agree cal 3 was harder

@solarwinds5114

3 ай бұрын

Sounds about right. Calc 2 was my favorite math class. Calc 3 was traumatizing

I think for most people calc 2 is the first class where just plugging in a formula or algorithm doesnt automatically give you the right answer. You learn a lot of identities and technique , but getting the correct answer is contingent on developing the intuition to use the correct tools. And sadly , even if you are working towards a "correct" solution, having bad intuition can cause you to take a very lengthy route to get there, which is horrible for timed exams . It begins as early as people incorrectly visualizing or inefficiently setting up integrals for solids of revolution, spikes exponentially once you get to integration techniques (for some of the integrals you can create entire trees of possible mistakes and lengthy routes you can take) and by the time people get to power series or error approximation it almost feels like a whole other class. In contrast Calc 1 is intrinsically a lot more straightforward ( you derive derivatives, and derivative rules , get used to using them and then just learn a bunch of plug and play applications) . Even calc 3 is better as a lot of it is just extending familiar material from calc 1 and 2 to multiple dimensions and generally ending with some applications (unless you go down the vector calculus stuff ). While the issues with calc 2 can still technically hurt you here, the amount of material seems to generally for professors fo test you on concepts introduced in calc 3 , rather than trying to trip you up with a tricky integral from the previous course.

@solarwinds5114

3 ай бұрын

Calc 3 tripped me up the most because I can't think in 3 dimensions/variables for the life of me

I took calc 2 as a four week course this past summer. I did well but I paid for it with my blood, sweat, and tears. It was by far my favorite math class.

@TheMathSorcerer

11 ай бұрын

4 weeks, wow!

@argonwheatbelly637

11 ай бұрын

Eight weeks, Summer '84. It was brutal (the pace), but fun.

@dinosaurus499

11 ай бұрын

I took linear algebra in 4 weeks. It was nuts, but fun. My instructor actually does research in undergrad math education, and her favorite to teach is apparently linear algebra

@rraffx4829

11 ай бұрын

Same here, I actually had no problem with it and enjoyed it. Now in Calc 3 I’m already having more trouble than I did the whole semester of Calc 2. Same Professor for both as well. At this rate I’d say Calc 3 is much harder but maybe because it’s a new concept and it’ll get easier

I'm old an retired guy learning Calculus on my own. Quite a coincidence that I just finished Calc I using Larson's textbook and in the last few days I've using Stewart's (odd problems only) as a review before starting Calc 2 next week.

I do enjoy the Stewart book. Has all the theorems, quite a bit of proofs, and lots of explanations. All kinds of exercises, even a few proofs in the exercises to make sure you understood. Finishing up Calc I and looking foward to Calc II next year 😁

Before finding your channel i used to like math, but you made me fall in love with mathematics, thank you math sorcerer!! ❤

@thomaskarabomohlapo568

11 ай бұрын

I used to love maths back in high school when I got to university my love slowly decipated. But thanks to this guy and my recent lecturers my love is way bigger now. Maths is life

5:30 man that's so powerful and heart touching! Im sure he'll remember you for all his life

In Calc 2 right now, and I absolutely agree it’s the hardest. I’m not personally struggling, but every single minute in this class I’m learning a ton and my math knowledge and intuition is expanding. The amount of content is staggering and it’s not simple. I’m making vast leaps in my understanding and it’s *just* enough to keep up. If I wasn’t making consistent epiphanies about how this stuff works, I’d be falling behind like crazy. I was the only one who managed the finish the entire first exam, it’s brutal

@nolesquad5162

7 ай бұрын

You got this!!! I barely passed but after you pass you will feel great!!!

I think calc 2 is the most difficult because of the number of new topics introduced. Series and sequences are barely introduced in the precalc, and in calc 2 you go pretty hard on them. Polar coordinates are also introduced for the first time. Last, which I think is the most important, is that you are starting to learn how to set up the problem more than solving the problem itself. In calc 1, it was usually just taking the derivative or integral and you're good to go. In calc 2 you have to think a bit harder on how to set up the disk and shell method. Setting up the sequence is also difficult because you can have multiple right answers.

@TheMathSorcerer

11 ай бұрын

really good points here, thank you for this comment!!!

Leaving this comment because I plan to come back to it after 4 weeks left of calc2. Needless to say I got into an accident and many other things that just wrecked me. But I have a very slim chance to pass and i'm going to try. Essentially I have to get at least a high C on the next 2 exams then a 70 on the final to pass. Been studying all say for series and im at the point where all the homework is done, the study guide is done and i'm reviewing for tomorrow. You are absolutely correct for the fact that sometimes life gets in the way of learning. Thank you . Also Love the series videos you make., they really helped me this chapter.

@woosterjeeves

2 ай бұрын

Hope you got better, and passed the course. Good luck!

@aquamanxz2

4 күн бұрын

I hope you passed the class. Life can be challenging and I hope you are in a better place now.

Calc II was intense (did it over eight weeks, summer '84), but it was also a lot of fun. You build a large toolkit, and spend the time hammering out a lot of interesting solutions to assigned problems. However, then Calc III is a breeze. At least, that's how it was for me in 1984. I started college in '83 with Pre-calc, and ran from there.

@LEKSANDER01

2 ай бұрын

Here in 2024 G

Currently in Calc 2, returning to college 13 years after dropping out. The reason it’s so hard for me is because of the amount of precalc and trig stuff that comes up that you need to be able to both see and do. I’m looking at problems, unsure where to go, and it’s like, oh, as the very first step you need to complete the square of the denominator or factor the difference of two cubes. Not necessarily hard, but I don’t remember and it so it doesn’t occur to me. I spend a lot of time struggling to solve something after missing a crucial early step. I get nowhere, get frustrated, and waste a lot of time. Then it’s similar with the trig stuff. Something like sin(arcsec(5)) will come up and I’ll be drawing triangles and chanting Sohcahtoa because my trig stuff is super rusty and the rest of the class just did it and moved on. I’m pretty good at unit circle stuff but some of the identities just don’t pop out to me the way they need to. Anyway, it could just be me, because I’m so far removed from the years of doing math on a regular basis, but to me it feels like you really need all your algebra, trig, and precalc to be super solid for Calc 2, and so instead of just learning whatever is in the current lesson, I also need to relearn several things on the fly as we go.

Not sure every school, but at the tech school where I took Calc 1, 2, 3, and DE Calc 2 was treated as the weed out course for engineering transfer students and that was the justification for the difficulty. Organic Chem 2 is similarly used to weed out Pre med students in many places.

I have to argue that Calc 3 is by far the most difficult math class for non engineering majors. I had no experience with vectors, determinants, or R^3 in general so I was already having to go over a hurdle in the first week learning about vectors. I feel like I had a greater understanding while taking analysis than I did taking Calc 3. Maybe if I retook the course it would be a different story…

@user-el6eh3er8c

4 ай бұрын

I think Calc 3 is easier if you’ve taken Linear Algebra beforehand

@solarwinds5114

3 ай бұрын

Calc 3 and Linear were terrible for me. Calc 2 was great

@aquamanxz2

4 күн бұрын

I agree for some reason I had a harder time with Calc 3 because of the extra dimension where as Calc 2 was mostly about 2D problems. But from what ai remember, a lot of people in my class failed the class because the they failed the final which was mostly on series. To be fair to those who struggle more with Calc 2, there is a lot to cover in that class and seeing series for the first time can be a challenge. It was a challenge for me too but I liked it and for me that was my favourite part in that class.

I love this guy and his videos. Great stuff.

@TheMathSorcerer

11 ай бұрын

thank you!

@jasonzacharias2150

11 ай бұрын

He's slowly forcing me back to math with remote care by his teachings... that's called a teacher

I also found infinite series to be incredibly cool and my favorite part of calculus. It is just feels so incredibly different from most of what we were doing up to that point and it felt like it was touching on a lot of deeper math concepts. I also thought it was incredible how we could determine convergence on an infinitely repeated operation.

Calc 2 was regarded by the engineering students as one of the hardest courses. I loved techniques and applications of integration. I still love integrals. Series is what sucked for me. I got my lowest exam score on the series exam. Everything after series was very easy. Series didn't click with me until after the fact. Similar to looking at an integral and thinking about all the techniques that could work, the same is similar with evaluating a series.

For me, Calc 2 was the hardest of the 3 because of all the convergence tests. I taught AP Calculus BC last year for the first time in my teaching career at the high school level and I had to go back and study the material like I was the student. I will be teaching it again after Christmas this year and feel much more confident than last year. I had fun relearning and teaching the material.

@dumbfrog123

11 ай бұрын

Same here. I have been relearning math recently because I forgot some of it. This morning, I was reading a Calculus book and learned something new. I previously self-taught myself BC Calculus many years ago. Now, I am trying to help my son. He completed Calculus 1 on his own this summer.

@duckymomo7935

11 ай бұрын

I can’t do partial fractions decomposition My trig sub is rusty but I can do it lol

Having so much fun on your calc 2 course and can't wait to dive into these books to support that! You do a great job!

I smashed Calc II this last summer. I was really getting into math right around that time, I also concurrently found you. Anyway, I'm a math and physics major now! Calc III, personally, seems more difficult. There's just more scaffolding and steps and nuance to arrive at the conclusions being taught. Also, it's all being taught faster.

@Supercatzs

11 ай бұрын

calculus III is way more difficult, I do not know why this isn't the majority thought

I've taught BC Calc, AB Calc, and dual credit Calc 3 at the high school I teach at. It's interesting because for me, I always found Calc 3 the hardest as a student. I just struggled to visualize and conceptualize in 3D what I was calculating. Now that I'm teaching it and we have a full year with the course instead of just a semester, I have a much better grasp of it and want my students to understand the concepts before the calculations. Calc 2 was also my favorite - I loved infinite series also! I think what makes it hard for students is that infinite series is more than just using a formula or technique. It requires logic, reasoning, being willing to go back to the drawing board and try again when your first attempt fails, and really understanding the bigger picture of how functions relate to each other instead of just analyzing functions on their own (like you might do with an integral). It's way more pieces to the puzzle than taking a derivative, doing a u-sub, finding the flux across a surface, etc. But - it made me a way better problem solver and critical thinker! Still one of my favorite math classes I have ever taken and taught.

I really like your mindset about classes and your critic about the guy in your story. I was going to transfer to a much better university and I was a straight A student before the semester before I transferred which was full of Cs and Ds. Thankfully though I did much better the next semester. Sometimes in life you have huge distractions and need to take mental break. It happens to every one of us.

To me, the part that made Cal 2 so challenging was techniques of integration. Recognizing which techniques tu use, in different situations was one of the hardest things I had to learn. I worked hard and got an A- in the class, but it was an atrocious process.

I have The Math Sorcerer's Calc 2 Udemy course (I have all his courses). There's so much Calc 2 in there. It's not the same as doing every problem in the book but chatgpt doesn't explain the answers the way The Sorcerer does. It's absolutey worth it. I had to walk away from my math studies to go do something else entirely so I've only done the first several hours of the Calc 2. So what happened is I discovered a whole area of pre-calc that I was weak in even though I passed Calc 1. This lead me down a Dover maths book rabbit whole...why was that a rabbit whole?- So here's what happened: In the Dover math books- the first chapter is usually the set theory that you need for the course BUT then the author always abandoned's it. For like 10 Dover books, this keeps happening. Now I'm learning algebraic topology so I can construct problems better. I don't care about memorizing trig functions to pass a calc 2 class. I care about fully understanding the question. There's so much theory and proofs in Linear Algebra such that if I study for fun over the next few years then I should be able to pick up Calc 2 as if I had just taken calc 1 instead of having took calc 1 20 years earlier. I'm "rolling sideways" for as long as it takes. I don't need Calc 2 alone, to land an immediate job to save the world. It's not in the cards for billions of people on Earth. So if you need Calc 2 for school so that you can go past Calc 2 for all that other stuff, The Math Sorcerer's Calc 2 course is worth it because, ChatGpt will get things wrong (on purpose, even) and can't explain it to you like your personal teacher or tutor. It's worth getting and Udemy courses are like $80 but then the next week they're $17- this happens every week. Do not be discouraged because it's expense. It's not expensive. Do not think you can just use ChatGPT. AI throttles your usage, Udemy doesn't.

I didn't think Calc 2 was too bad. Funny story: I was accompanied through the calculus sequence and differential equations with a wiz kid (his parents were from Germany if I recall correctly); the boy couldn't have been older than 10 or 11, but he routinely smashed the exams and always got one of the top scores. The only exam I know for a fact I beat him on was infinite series and sequences. I'm not sure why I took to that subject so well. I remember after first being introduced to them, I knew of their reputation as being a filter and causing countless students to drop their STEM degree or having to retake the class. So, after the first week they were introduced I grabbed a latte and spent that Friday afternoon, evening, and all into the night until the library closed writing the dozen or so theorems out over and over and redoing every homework assignment. I'd take breaks and walk around campus, read a passage from random books in the library, or work on another course, but I made infinite sequences and series my main target. I guess my advice for those struggling is to just recreate what I did. There's only a dozen or so theorems so write them out until you have them memorized. Try to write them out in set theoretic / symbolic logic notation. Identify the antecedent in each: what conditions must be met for that theorem to be appropriate to use? Really try to understand what they are saying, and understand why they work/make sense. Think of them as your tools; with enough practice, youll be able to look at any problem your professor throws at you and know which tool you need for the job. Edit: students are typically introduced to set theory and higher order logic in their first proofs class, which is often Discrete Mathematics. So I suppose that is my second piece of advice: take Discrete as soon as possible in your education, and really take the material to heart. If you aren't a math major, see if Discrete can be taken to fulfill one of your Major specific electives (if it isn't one already). It is such a great and beneficial course

Thanks and hello agin for this set of videos on calculus - I'm starting my math master's journey this year by auditing Cal 1, 2, 3 simulataneously now, and so far it went well and I agree that Cal 2's area/volume calculations are a challenge hurdle for many students.

Calc II was also my favorite and I did the best in it. Calc III on the other hand threw me onto the curb and ran me over a dozen times in a row. I was shocked when I found out that a lot of people saw III as easier.

Great video! Solids of revolution was my favorite part of Calculus 2. That said, the setup and bounds of integration could be tricky for sure.

Why Calculus 2 is hard for many people? 1. It is your first real college level math class. For starters, to understand Calculus 2, you need to understand Calculus 1 and Trigonometry/Pre-Calculus (the latter course is an advanced high school math class). If you struggled with either Calculus 1 or Pre-Calculus/Trigonometry, Calculus 2 will expose you. I did well in Honors Pre-Calculus/Trigonometry in high school (11th grade and I got a B+ in both semesters) but I somewhat struggled with Calculus 1 in Freshman year of College (I got a B- in that class). In addition, Calculus 2 requires you to think critically. If you do not have good critical thinking skills, prepare to get exposed by Calculus 2. I remember having trouble telling the difference between convergence vs divergence in improper integrals and sequences and series and needed to seek help from a tutor on campus. 2. The topics are mostly unrelated to each other. For instance, one moment you might be learning intro to differential equations. Another moment you might be learning the calculus of Sequences and Series or the calculus of Parametric Equations or integration by parts or improper integrals. 3. You got to do more than memorization to pass this class. You also have to think critically and apply some skills to pass this class. 4. If you have a hard Calculus 2 professor, you are probably screwed. Luckily for me, my Calculus 2 professor was the same professor I had for Calculus 1. I barely passed Calculus 2 though with a C on my first try. P.S. Also, I found Calculus 3 and Differential Equations to be harder than Calculus 2 because they required knowledge of Calculus 1 and 2 and some Linear Algebra. I found Linear Algebra to be harder than Calculus 1 but slightly easier than Calculus 2. I got a C+ in Linear Algebra the first time. Calculus 3 and Differential Equations, I got a D (both classes) the first try but passed on the second try (C on the second try). The point is Math in university can be challenging compared to high school. High school math was a joke compared to college level math.

where I come from Calculus I - Review of analytic geometry. Differentiation of elementary, trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions. Applications of the derivative. Integration. Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. Calculus II - Inverse trigonometric functions. Techniques of integration. Improper integrals. Applications of the definite integral. Introduction to differential equations. Calculus III - Sequences and series, convergence tests, and Taylor series. Curves, tangent vectors, and arc length. Applications of partial differentiation. Polar, cylindrical, and spherical coordinates. Multiple integration. Calculus IV - Vector calculus. Line and surface integrals. The divergence, Green's, and Stokes' theorems. Differential forms. I did these 4 classes, 1 per term, while I was working as an electronics technician, back in the 80s. I also did 2 linear algebra classes, and differential equations. Someone convinced me to take Boundary Value Problems instead of Partial Differential Equations, and that is where I bombed out, and never got around to taking any more math classes.

Like the dumbbells in the background, looks really nice. I would however put them on some kind of "mini stand", because round weights on a flat surface is giving me sweat pearls just from looking at it..

Soooo True....the timing in the life is everything!!!!!!!!!!!!

I think it is hard because you have to be utterly familiar with the basics of calculus. If you really run the basics over and over, you have a firm base to stand on.

I took my first calculus later on life returning to school. I loved it but struggled and I wish I had done math sooner. I LOVED disk and shell and STRUGGLED with infinite series.

I’m at the end of calc 2. Just finished with the last lecture. Two tests left. I feel like the hardest part was the sheer number of new things I learned. Trig sub was a bit tricky until you did a ton of problems. I initially did not get series at all until right before the end of the chapter. I really hated the application sections , ironically pursing an engineering degree. 😂 but I have really enjoyed a good portion of it. No regrets. Study hard , but my biggest suggestion to those that come here to watch this video because calc 2 is coming soon on your schedule; self study before your class if possible. Relearn these things : properties of natural logs , limits / L’Hopitals Rule , Trig identities, unit circle, convergence /divergence , and just learn every type of integration you can. Make hella Flashcards too , all the Flashcards. It’s hard but it’s possible and dare I say it even gets fun. Good luck.

@brax300

6 күн бұрын

Calc 2 starts in two weeks. Curious, what did you put on the flash cards?

@JACdUpProductions

6 күн бұрын

@@brax300 honestly , I suggest getting the trig stuff down mostly. That can be a bit Of A headache if you’re not prepared for it.

This was already nearly a decade since I first came into the U.S. higher education environment, and I audited and followed a Calc. 2 the entire semester for the first time. It is difficult in the sense that it teaches multiple integration techniques, but further many "results" involve (or are based about) trigonometric identities and trig. functions -- if I really think about it, along with the electrical engineering training I used to have, then these trig-related results are not that much useful; however, their existence makes failing to master calculus that much harder as long as a student genuinely studies through them. In short, they are things "to remember" which helps anchoring ourselves into the Calculus context and helps stretching our (short-term) memory span; having said so, there are other (alternative) ways to achieve this, too, such as studying social sciences, political sciences' applications that are blended with Calculus, or even just engineering.

Hardest part of Calculus II for me: finding areas bounded by polar curves. Way harder than Washer/Shell Method, integration techniques, Convergence/Divergence tests for series, etc. I'm honestly surprised no one else talks about it, haha. That section took me so many all-nighters to figure out and even still some problems trip me up. Mainly finding the bounds of integration: for the longest time it wasn't clicking for me. Again, I am genuinely surprised no one seems to talk about it. Side note: I personally struggled way more with Calculus III than I did Calculus II. Particularly with LaGrange Multipliers, change of variables in double integration, and Stokes Theorem.

I enjoyed Calculus 2 more than any of the other calculus classes. It was taught by Dr. Ralph G. Sanger, the head of the Math Department at Kansas State University in 1965. We used Protter and Morey, College Calculus with Analytic Geometry for all three calculus classes. Dr. Sanger was a real renaissance man. He sang opera as well as loving mathematics. He let us use a cheat sheet for the final exam. We were allowed to write down anything we could fit on both sides of a single 8 1/2 x 11 sheet of paper. I was able to put all of the important formulas on that sheet by printing very small as I had taken mechanical drawing in high school. I finished the entire exam with only a glance or two at the cheat sheet. Dr. Sanger knew that the studying we did to prepare the cheat sheet would be an excellent review for the final exam. By the way, I still enjoy doing solids of revolution!

I was really fretting taking Calc 2 when I returned to College later in life. A bunch of my Comp Sci friends I know had to take it twice after failing it the first time. Luckily the professor I had was really good. What was great about his class is that we had a quiz every Monday which covered the previous two lecturers, and we had 4 midterms. This meant you had more chances to earn points and only have two midterms plus the final. He also assigned homework that if you could understand and complete, meant you could do well on the tests.

Currently going through calc 2 and one of the things that I believe makes it hard is that intuition and experience play a big part in a lot of the problem solving process. Intuition is something that just can't be forced. It only comes through experience. I have been stuck and reached out to my professor and he interprets the problems differently sometimes. His methodology in going about solving it is different than mine because of the vast amount of experience he has. Another issues is there are so many techniques involved in integration at the calc 2 level that plug and chug just doesn't work anymore. You have to actually know what you are doing and the vast amounts of information needed to be recalled to solve these problems leaves a very small margin for error. Calc 2 is really tests your foundation and if you have weak links or gaps in your knowledge you hit a brick wall quickly. Everything really does seem to build on prior knowledge in calc 2. You have to know your algebra in order to solve a portion of a problem which then gets upgraded to a trig problem. Then transforms into pre calc problem just so you can set up the original problem as a calc 2 problem to be integrated. It's easy to get lost in the sauce sometimes.

The volume by discs and shells bit was Calc I when I took it. Chapter 5, Thomas and Finney, 5th Edition.

It's like drinking from a fire hose. Parts, partial fractions, inverse trig, sequence and series, .... and it was supposed to introduce vectors but there really wasn't any time for it.

To be honest, for me calc 3 was the hardest. I would rate them, from easiest to hardest by: Calc 1 -> Calc 4 -> Calc 2 -> Calc 3. By the way, Calc 4 for us was Vector Analysis.

I took calc 1 and 2 my senior year of high school online because of Covid. I went on to community college and took vector calc and linear algebra and did well in all of them. I then changed schools and my major and haven't done math seriously for 2 years. I would love to get back into it and hope to take diff eq some day but I don't know how much I have retained or lost.

My theory remains that there are a few factors involved. I was the worst in the second of the three maths I took. One thing I found out years later is that I must see the math, because I'm visually dominant. Another is the background should it be missing. I struggled with linear algebra because I never had vector calculus. Once I could see what was happening, I did get it. What still bothers me is infinite series and sequences, for I notice patterns with a certain ease, but I just can't seem to see the result. I can tell you the day of the week of any date without a calculator or switch from the archaic system to the metric or the pattern of zip codes, but somehow the infinites seem to elude me.

please do all the calculus proofs in a step by step manner!

Math sorcerer thank you for uploading this, Im taking calc 2 right now and its the first time I've really struggled in a math class in college. Its feels good to know its hard for other people too, even people who are really into math.

For the record, I found Calc III to be the most difficult of the series, but not terribly so. I had much more trouble with Linear Algebra, Probability Theory, and Statistical Concepts. My aunt is a retired math and computer science professor. While I was wrapping up Calc III, she told me that Calc II is a "watershed course," meaning that many budding STEM majors will find it nearly insurmountable. A lot of people in that situation have a handful of options: [1] Drop out, [2] Change majors, [3] Re-take Calc II: •• Preferrably with a professor that has a reputation for being an excellent instructor, •• Lessen your course load for that semester so you have more time to devote to it, •• Go to office hours as frequently as possible, •• Find a tutor.

I think that for me Calc 2 was hard because I did Calc 1 online due to covid and so I never learned the material well as we weren't tested nor taught enough . later, in college, I took an exam to skip Calc 1/2 because I alr did the classes. here, I realized that Calc 2 was actually very easy😂. the real problem is with Calc 1 not giving the students enough practice, and Calc 2 having too much material. I've seen at some colleges that Calc 2 is split into continuous and discrete, and Calc 3 is split into multivariable and vector calculus. I think the real issue is the lack of practice and time for the students to cover all the material.

As someone who has taught and tutored all the calc series for about 8 years now, in my opinion, calc 2 can be harder for many students, as you said. For the students that DO think calculus 2 is harder, it comes down to two things. 1. The problems become more independently of the math. You have to realize how you can apply calculus to the problem to solve it. For example the dx or dy in an integral when doing volumes, or Work or fluid force actually means something. It is more than “the variable of integration. 2. As far as the integration goes, i think calc 2 exposes students weaker algebra/trigonometry skills. Calc 1 does this too, but I believe all the algebra manipulation that is done in calc 2 really requires that you know your algebra rules and trig identities.

I got A in Calc 1. Only difficult part was implicit differentiation. First time I took Calc 2, I got B and I dropped to make sure I would get A the next time. Second time I took Calc2, I got B+. Third time I took the same class over 4 weeks of summer session, I got C. Fourth time I took this class, I eventually got A. I was feeling suicidal when I was taking it over the summer.

It's not the books. It's the calculus tradition, probably the American calculus tradition, because Europeans do math differently. The tradition includes curriculum content habits, managed and reinforced by schools teaching one calculus series for all students, engineering, math, business, and humanities. The result is that a multitude of topics are pressure-jammed into one course series. The situation is exacerbated by calculus book publishers who edit and revise to optimize their sales across many institutions. Publishers are reluctant to seriously revise books for fear of losing adoptions, and thus profits. What is needed is a national calculus reform commission, something analogous to a constitutional convention, to completely re-envision the topics in their various environments, and construct subject matter and topic templates for various types and levels of curricula, in effect designing a new set of textbooks for various calculus-taught majors and learners. Not only are engineering calculus, math calculus, and business calculus different in their needs and goals, but so are their attitudes toward the subject. And rightfully so. An architecture student likely does not need an over-the-head water-bucket dowsing of integration calculation methods for weeks on end, under time and exam pressure, clearly understanding that they are only skimming the top of the problems mountain, when other concerns are closer to the forefront of their learning and professional concerns. Calculus II is terrible because there is too much stuff crammed into it, and too little time to consider, to learn, and to practice it to a comfortable level of competence. The course is more akin to an initiatory right-of-passage administered by sadistic sociopaths who have self-selected into departments of mathematics. If engineering people need lots of detailed calculus calculation rigor, let them create their own math courses in their own departments. If the humanities and arts people want to understand the beauty of math in the contexts of nature and inspired creations, let them create courses that present such to their students. Unfortunately, the calculus-containing world is much too stuck in a one-size-fits-all curriculum paradigm, and the world needs an organized reconsideration of the situation.

The Calculus can be hard to learn because in most books, there is precious little on how to actually solve the problems. Very long on heavy duty theory, but very short on fully worked out examples.

you jump into calc II with disk ,washer, shell rotations about x-axis which WILL BE the most strenuous and monotonous use of the fundamental theory of calculus which also lends itself to error in the process of defining the integral.

Starting a summer semester for Calc II next week. Definitely very nervous for all the bad rep calc II gets

First off, bravo man. You rounded up the tiniest percentage to let some student pass. There are a lot of professors out there that will refuses to do the tiniest curve. Seriously that warms my heart because there are certain classes people do so hard and try and having this one class just keep them from doing everything else it makes me really happy that they can keep pursuing and to be motivated. My school requires Calc 1 done before you take Physics/Mechanics and the professor said he is probably only going to have a couple calculus problems throughout the whole semester But in my personal opion, Calc 2 is only hard because they did a 180 on us. every math class up until now, I was allowed to have notes and a calculator and my professor took it all away. And im not the only one many of my students cannot do the same and our algebra skills are reeeeeeally showing now. I dont do good because I never had to do 2/5(8)^5/2 on paper until now and we only get a couple days to practice it I think I do fine setting up things like the disc/washer method but when I have to do evaluate the integral it is a disgusting mess. I bought your course and I appreciate you going through the whole integral process without a calculator!

@SSJ0016

11 ай бұрын

Professors who refuse to budget even a quarter of a percent to grant a student who has clearly been trying their best all semester a passing grade are egotistical. Props to this guy for bumping the guys grade. Professors who refuse to do this refuse to see how they are also not perfect. Maybe one year they took 3 points off someone's wrong answer and another year they took off 5 points for the same mistake. Maybe the person who got 3 points off was able to pass, but the person who got 5 points off failed. Failing to bump someones a negligible amount so they can pass an arbitrary bar to consider their grade "passing" assumes they have always graded everything perfectly consistently, and I find it hard to believe (impossible, even) that that is the case.

I think its because there's a lot to remember that you have to use in creative ways which is unlike Calc 1 in my opinion. Also, if you don't put in the work to solve a good amount of questions then you wont be able to form the pattern recognition needed to bypass having to think creatively, which I don't think many people want to do.

Calc 2 is brutal for complex integrals and other divergent test. The trig sub actually blown my mind as first impression in spring 2020 when pandemic starts. I got your udemy and it will be useful as self teach for the 2024 or 2025 semester. I am self learn calc based physics mechanic for future course

For me there is just so much more stuff, like in one lecture in calc 1 we learned product and quotiet rule rule, or derivatives of logs Calc 2 one of the lectures we learned the formulas and how to draw 6 3D shapes, or how to find the equations for the oscillating and normal plane of a vector function in the same class we learned curvature

I also had the hardest time with Disk and Shell at first. Other than that most of Calculus 2 was pretty easy outside of a couple of the trickier area problems in polar coordinates. Series I can go through in my sleep with little trouble. I actually found Calculus 3 hardest the first time because I hadn’t really learned linear algebra at the time. Now it’s not bad. Especially because I went on to get a lot better with linear algebra and now am fascinated by how the gradient is a linear transformation.

@jameschristenbury2625

11 ай бұрын

Disk and shell are a bit hard to grasp at first. For me it was infinite series and differential equations. I also took calc 3 before linear algebra, which made understanding things like the Jacobian incomprehensible to me.

@herbcruz4697

11 ай бұрын

The Dish/Washer/Cylindrical Shell Method is only tricky when the Axis of Revolution is a line other than the x-axis or the y-axis (e.g., x=-2, y=5, etc.).

It should have been the hardest. I had the same professor for the first and third courses in the sequence. It was a night class. The second instructor took it easy on us. Except for a diversion into real analysts to show us the proof for the normal curve. He was consulting for a hedge fund at the time, so maybe it was relevant to his work and where we were in the course. The first prof seemed disappointed that we were missing knowledge. I wiped out in numerical methods (sat behind my calculus tutor…) and pretty much quit at that point.

I took Calc 2, 40 years ago and yes, I still have my 2ND EDITION Larson & Hostetler with the solutions book.. 🙂

@jasonzacharias2150

11 ай бұрын

Sounds like you were integrated to become the intergrand, innergrand.... I mean the answer to the test

@warrenmadden2586

11 ай бұрын

I just pulled my copy of Larson from high school off the shelf, and discovered it's the 1979 first edition. Wish I had the solutions book though!

My trouble for Calc 2 is finding something to apply it to, we're moving so fast that only the math is covered, not what it would be used for in real life or how it actually effects me outside of just needing to power through to move on to Calc 3 and be able to claim an engineering major. In that major so far I have found no need for 90% of the material in calc 2, it demoralizes me because it feels like I'm wasting my time and money on a course that only matters as a box to check off.

I too loved the topic on infinite series. Being able to find the right test always left me feeling smart for a while

You know the author of of the dover book 'Essential calculus with applications' Richard Silverman wrote another calculus book named 'Modern Calculus and Analytic Geometry' (also a dover book). It is said to be proof based and just as rigorous as Spivak, but unlike spivak it covers analytic geometry and more topics (almost 1200 pages)You should check it out! Also Daniel Vellerman author of 'How to Prove It' wrote a calculus book 'Calculus: A Rigorous First Course' which is rigorous but also readable. Both have solutions and answers to the odd numbers excersises.

I am similar in the mindset that Calc II was my favorite (I found it to be the most straightforward, of the three-semester sequence, and I also had a great professor for it).

My son just graduated with a Computer Science degree and he is now taking a Calculus 3 class. I'm going to share your videos with him.

Waterloo used Stewart when I was there, I remember using that! I will be using Larson soon for Linear Algebra (another school). Look forward to it! Omg, totally relate to teaching time causing less content than an online course.

I took it in a month long course during the summer a long time ago - got a decent mark. Used Stewart of course. I ended up never taking Calc III because I thought it was going to be impossible. No one ever told me that math would get easier ever again.

DIfficult: Exercises with limsup liminf (other than simply calculating limsup and liminf) and the fact that you must always consider the cases the limit doesn't exist, so it isn't trivial to negate the statements.

The only thing I thought was hard about Calc 2 was infinite series and testing for convergence. Everything else I felt I had a good precalc and calc 1 foundation. That was almost 30 years ago. Now I teach calculus and physics, and infinite series still feels like the hardest part, becauae I don't use any of it amywhere else - except Taylor series, of course.

Reminds me of my uncle, who was a tenured math professor. In his own undergrad days, the only math course he didn't get an "A" in was Calculus 2. Guess not much has changed since the 70s!

In calculus 1 you build up towards the fundamental theorem of calculus while in calculus 3 you build up towards it's generalizations (stokes theorem/divergence). At the end you put all the pieces together to understand the fundamental theorems. But while calculus 2 is necessary it doesn't have the same clear goal. For example, you might spend some time doing integration/ differentiation rules for logs, exponents, or hyperbolic trig functions which kinda belongs to calculus 1. On the other hand in calculus 2 you might cover parametric equations which kinda belongs to calculus 3. The only really calculus 2 content are the series. So I think the problem is that the class is all over the place.

Thank you very much SIR for the clear explanation . really helpful video

Graduate Polish student here. I think that Calc II problems require something beyond symbolic integration, i.e. you might need to know if it's better to approach a volume problem via means of change to polar/cylindrical or spherical coordinates because if you didn't do so you would end up calculating really messy square root integrals. That is, for an effective solution you sometimes have to know upfront. Next, maybe some lack of intuition with respect to integrating along something more than x axis. An integral across some area or volume, although it is more of Calc III as far as I remember. Figuring out region over which an integral is evaluated is not always easy, but it is easy to make some silly mistake and end up with a bizarre result. Plus, when you manage to pass all the exams one after another and your brain has not cooled down, it might be harder for you to do more of the same, but "slightly" different. Maybe Calc III is easier for some, because it is different enough and the brain likes that diversity more, so to speak.

Ended up with an A in Calc 2, I’m very happy about that

I think that the reason students have such difficulty in Calc 2 is that it is all chopped up. In calc 1 you get the big ideas of derivatives and integrals with the focus on derivatives. In cal 3, you extend derivatives and integrals to functions of two variables and finally bring it all together with a chapter on vector calculus and various forms of Stokes Theorem. There is no underlying theme in calc 2. There is a treasure of mathematics in calc 2 but it is all in nickels and dimes.

A topics that are hard, Infinite sequence, Infinite series. Numerical Integration. Improper Integrals. Even introduction to Fourier series can be pretty confusing and taxing especially when it comes to piecewise functions. Introduction to 1st order Differential Equations are easy. The funny thing is 2nd order Differential equations can be tougher and more tricky in Calculus 2 than if you're taking it up in course in Linear Algebra and Differential Equations. In fact they've got a nice technique that surprisingly simplifies 2nd order Differential equations by converting them into 1st order Differential Equations then converting it back ti 2nd order to complete the solution. I didn't even know this technique existed until I first took up Linear Algebra and Differential Equations course.

@6:13 , that is true. I have taken calculus 2 in 2019 and i barely pass it, because i had full job while i was studying.I decided to take again and got B

I find calc 2 difficult because it feels like there's more that just has to be memorized, and I suck at memorization. I could cover the exact same equation for weeks and forget it in a day, but if its an equation that you can get to through logical reasoning either by knowing related equations or by understanding how and why its used I might not have to go over it at all.

I very much agree with Johnathan Bartlett (a computer graphics guy that takes issue with the notation). There are unfixed problems in the notation that are akin to bugs in code where a bad output is plugged into a bad input to continue to get correct answers. It's kind of like the Tau vs Pi problem in pedagogy. The calculus notation breaks the algebra, and it suddenly becomes really hard to understand. Done right, differentials ARE fractions; and it works fine if you stop and FIX the notation before proceeding. It's best to stop using the concept of derivatives "f'(x)", to using implicit differentiation exclusively. When you do this, it ends up being like real-world AI libraries; where multi-variable calc is suddenly easier to understand. His main objection to the notation is explained by performing a second-derivative in his notation: // the operator "d/dx" isn't the real operator. it's d[], implicit differentiation. [d/dx]^2f = [d/dx][d/dx]f = [d/dx](df/dx) = d[df/dx]/dx = (d[df]/dx + df * d[dx^{-1}])/dx = (ddf/dx + df * (-dx^{-2} * ddx))/dx = d^2f/(dx^2) - (df/dx)(d^2x/(dx^2)) We got an extra term in second derivative that we normally don't get. With this form, differentials are fractions. You can now flip it around and solve for dx i terms of df. Etc. d[] is an implicit diff operation. You do NOT divide by dx yet. The standard notation neglects the subtracted term, as if (d^2x == 0); which implies that x is a line, which you cannot do prematurely. ie: d[c]=0 "c is constant" d[d[t]] = 0 "t is a line" d[d[x]] = d^2[x] // multivar calc need not be hard... use operator d. z = x^2 + y^2 d[z = x^2 + y^2] dz = 2x dx + 2y dy Then limits are super-waffly. It's best to introduce basic geometric algebra, which has objects that square to 1, 0, and -1. And here, you might as well just use infinitesimals: // dx is a positive infinitesimal dx*dx=0, dx>0 // this is WHY you can divide by dx dy/dx The d operator itself should be defined like a binary operator; as if you were writing computer code. Johnathan Bartlett notes the d[a^b} case in particular. // recursively define log as a binary operator. // note that the case of d[log_a[b]] where a is not constant is complicated, but required. // but in each case, it's a sum of partials for d[a] and d[b]. d[a + b] = d[a] + d[b] d[a * b] = d[a] b + a d[b] d[a ^ b] = b(a^{b-1}) d[a] + log_e[a] (a^b) d[b] d[log_a[b]] = ... And integration is just an inverse operator of d: S[d[f]] = f - f_0 The use of Geometric Algebra vastly simplifies explanations of geometric concepts. In particular, imaginary numbers factor into orthogonal directions in space. right right = 1, up up = 1, right up = -up right // show that a pair of directions in space form a rotation (bivector) that squares to -1. i = (right up). i i = right up right up = -right right up up = -1 1 = -1 And for trig... just break them down into complex exponentials already; so that there is nothing to memorize for doing integrals and derivatives. These are changes that make it easier to wrangle equations in a plain text editor. They are more mechanical and algebraic, so that they are easier to reason about in the same way as code.

@robfielding8566

11 ай бұрын

the problem with limits can more easily be explained by showing just how waffly "arbitrarily close" is, as a concept. let's go all in on infinitesimals, since we should go all in on Geometric Algebra, which has non-real objects that square to real numbers. If you want to divide two "small" terms, and get a finite result, dy/dx y = x^2 d[y = x^2] dy = 2x dx // dx is positive and infinitesimal dx*dx=0, dx>0 // note that we can show that dy is infinitesimal as well dy*dy = 4 x x dx dx = 0 The problem with "arbitrarily small" is this: // if tiny is still finite, then tiny is not a square root of 0 tiny*tiny>0, tiny>0 // but if dx is infinitesimal positive dx*dx=0, dx>0 So... 0 This is a problem when you say "arbitrarily" close. You get different results for tiny and dx. Ex: 0^0 = 1 = 0^(dx dx) = (0^dx)^dx = 1^dx note... 1 = 0^0 = 0^dx = dx^0 Since dx is a sqrt of 0, you can factor it. Note that if you chose 0^0=0, you would get a contradiction when you factor 0 into dx*dx. 0^x is basically the Kronecker delta for x >= 0. But note: 0^tiny = 0 not only is tiny>0, but so is tiny*tiny>0. Tiny is a finite number, and it's greater than 0. So 0^tiny=0. This is the heart of the wafflyness that is the limit definition that causes people to un-define 0^0=1. Limits are a lot harder to nail down precisely than algebraic infinitesimals.

Love your videos and definitely come to your channel for motivation and wisdom, but i got to know: is that where you keep weights? I saw that table wobble when you picked up Stewart's calculus and was slightly nervous for the rest if the video 😂

The limit theorem was my favorite, once you understood that your golden. My prof even put it on the test. It is central to calc. Not to be confused with the central limit theorem, which is statistics.

Calculus 2 is realy hard but Calculus 1 is easy 💜

I start Calc II the day after my birthday and I’m excited for Calc II.

I’m reminded of the “rule of 5 p’s”: Prior Preparation Prevents Poor Performance- Calc2 follows Calc1, simply a progression that builds upon prior-learned skills in algebra and trigonometry. If you’re struggling in Calc2, the solution is simple-review your algebra and trigonometry. All good calculus books include an thorough review of these subjects, usually covered in the first chapter. Unfortunately most math instructors skip the first chapter of the book due to time constraints and fail to remind students the importance of reviewing these essential topics if they want to succeed in learning Calculus. Bottom line: Don’t let ANYONE tell you should expect to struggle in Calc2. With good preparation, you’ll do just fine.

I struggled with math for the first time the moment I took Calc 2. I think it was because it's the first time in math when I had to do the whole guess and check thing. It seemed I was given a bunch of tools to memorize and use one at a time to guess and check to solve a problem and I haaatteed it. You learn math with a direct path to a solution all the way until Calc 2. I also didn't have a good teacher...

@midch8923

11 ай бұрын

Convergence! ooommmgggggg

Calc 3 was easy as butter after calc 2. I literally had nearly a perfect grade in the class. Once you can understand the concepts in calc 1 and 2, its just a matter of doing it in 3 dimensions, or n dimensions. tbh calc 3 was pretty fun.

Hey, man I started out struggling a lot in Calc 2. My first quiz I got a 75%. Next quiz I got an 80%. First exam comes around and what score do I get? A whopping 100%. Progress is progress. I just got to keep it up, work and volume really screwed me up in the beginning. Personally, I think calc 2 is hard because they just throw alot more at you than in calc 1. In Calc 1, it’s just basic derivatives, limits and basic integrals. In Calc 2, they basically take the training wheels off and say “you’re the man of the house now.” That’s why it’s hard. It’s just way more complex than Calc 1.

Calc 2 was pretty tough, not gonna lie. I'm happy with my C+ lol. I needed a C or better for this class to count towards graduation.

The disc/shell, are the rigorous entry route to Stokes and Gauss. Later you generalize Gauss to Green's by making a source point & field point different. Every problem with a nonzero source is an impulse (delta function) in simplest form. As for infinite series, physics folk lop of the O(n^?) terms at 2nd or 3rd. Reminds me of 1st sem quantum mechanics. You start out with all wave functions living in 1-D (Cartesian flatland, 🤣)...later on, you have to go to 3-D and model hydrogen (& bigger atoms) in spherical coordinates.

Hey math sorcerer, who is your fav mathematician and why? I heard David Hilbert was perhaps the greatest of all time and if Einstein hadn't discovered general relativity Hilbert would have. If you get time you could do a series on the best mathematicians ever.

The only calculus book available in my country was Thomas' Calculus. I hope that one would be nearly as good as those you showed in the video. I'm currently honing my skills in precalc.