Turku was born at the mouth of the Aurajoki river before the 13th century and it is the oldest city in Finland . The year of the city's founding is 1229, when Pope Gregory IX mentions the city called Aboa (the Latin name of Turku) for the first time in his bull . Even earlier than that, the Arab geographer Al Idrisi refers to the city of Abua in the far north. Turku was for a long time the most important settlement center in Finland, the country's unofficial capital in the years 1809-1812 [9] and the largest city in Finland until the 1840s. Turku is still the local administrative , economic and cultural center of its region. The city is the headquarters of the Regional Administrative Agency of Southwestern Finland and the regional center of Northern Finland .
During Swedish rule, Turku was the administrative center of the eastern part of the kingdom. At the beginning of Russian rule, Helsinki was chosen as the capital of Finland due to its eastern location and most of the offices were moved there. The seat of the archbishop remained in Turku and the nearly 800-year-old Turku Cathedral is still the country's national shrine [10] [11] . Founded in 1640, the Turku Academy, i.e. the country's oldest university, was moved to Helsinki after the Turku fire of 1827 and is now known as the University of Helsinki.
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