True Facts: Fungi That Control The Insects They Eat
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Thanks to:
Dr Carolyn Elya, Harvard Univ.
Dr Charissa de Bekker, Utrecht Univ.
Dr Maridel Fredericksen, Univ. of Basel
Dr David Hughes, Pennsylvania State Univ.
Dr John Cooley, Univ. of Connecticut
Dr João Araújo, New York Botanical Garden
Dr Michael Winding, Univ. of Cambridge
Dr Henrik H. De Fine Licht, Univ. of Copenhagen
Dr. Michael J. Raupp, Bug of the Week on KZread: / @bugoftheweek
Dan Keck, • Cicada with Massospora...
Dr DeWei Li
Citations
Araújo JPM et al. Zombie-ant fungi cross continents: II. Myrmecophilous hymenostilboid species and a novel zombie lineage. Mycologia. 2020 Nov-Dec;112(6):1138-1170. doi: 10.1080/00275514.2020.1822093.
Araújo JPM et al. Zombie-ant fungi across continents: 15 new species and new combinations within Ophiocordyceps. I. Myrmecophilous hirsutelloid species. Stud Mycol. 2018 Jun;90:119-160. doi: 10.1016/j.simyco.2017.12.002.
Beckerson, WC. et al. 28 Minutes Later: A behavioural and transcriptomic investigation into the potential role of aflatrem-like compounds in establishing Ophiocordyceps extended phenotypes in zombie ants, bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition 2023-02-17 , DOI:10.1101/2022.09.08.507134
Cooley, J.R. et al, A specialized fungal parasite (Massospora cicadina) hijacks the sexual signals of periodical cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Magicicada). Sci Rep 8, 1432 (2018). doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19...
de Bekker C et al, 2021. Mechanisms behind the madness: how do zombie-making fungal entomopathogens affect host behavior to increase transmission? mBio 12:e01872-21, doi.org/10.1128/
De Fine Licht, HH et al. Evolutionary ecology of an obligate and behaviorally manipulating insect- pathogenic fungus, Entomophthora muscae. Authorea. March 02, 2023.
DOI: 10.22541/au.167778641.14505987/v1
de Ruiter J et al.. Fungal artillery of zombie flies: infectious spore dispersal using a soft water cannon. J R Soc Interface. 2019 Oct 31;16(159):20190448. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2019.0448.
Elya C et al. Robust manipulation of the behavior of Drosophila melanogaster by a fungal pathogen in the laboratory. Elife. 2018 Jul 26;7:e34414. doi: 10.7554/eLife.34414.
Fredericksen M.A et al. Three-dimensional visualization and a deep-learning model reveal complex fungal parasite networks in behaviorally manipulated ants, PNAS, November 7, 2017, 114 (47) 12590-12595, doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1711673114
Hou Z, et al. Sexual pair-formation in a cicada mediated by acoustic behaviour of females and positive phonotaxis of males. Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 25;7(1):6453. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-06825-5.
Hu, T. et al, AntVis: A web-based visual analytics tool for exploring ant movement data, Visual Informatics, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 58-70, ISSN 2468-502X, doi.org/10.1016/j.visinf.2020....
Hughes DP et al. Behavioral mechanisms and morphological symptoms of zombie ants dying from fungal infection. BMC Ecol. 2011 May 9;11:13. doi: 10.1186/1472-6785-11-13.
Hughes DP, Libersat F. Neuroparasitology of Parasite-Insect Associations. Annu Rev Entomol. 2018 Jan 7;63:471-487. doi: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043234.
Libersat F et al (2018) Mind Control: How Parasites Manipulate Cognitive Functions in Their Insect Hosts. Front. Psychol. 9:572. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00572
Loreto RG et al. Evidence for convergent evolution of host parasitic manipulation in response to environmental conditions. Evolution. 2018 Oct;72(10):2144-2155. doi: 10.1111/evo.13489.
Macias, Angie et al. (2020). Evolutionary relationships among Massospora spp. (Entomophthorales), obligate pathogens of cicadas. Mycologia. 112. 1-15. 10.1080/00275514.2020.1742033.
Mangold CA, Hughes DP. Insect Behavioral Change and the Potential Contributions of Neuroinflammation-A Call for Future Research. Genes (Basel). 2021 Mar 24;12(4):465. doi: 10.3390/genes12040465.
Mangold CA, et al. Zombie ant death grip due to hypercontracted mandibular muscles. J Exp Biol. 2019 Jul 17;222(Pt 14):jeb200683. doi: 10.1242/jeb.200683.
Naundrup A et al, Pathogenic fungus uses volatiles to entice male flies into fatal matings with infected female cadavers. ISME J. 2022 Oct;16(10):2388-2397. doi: 10.1038/s41396-022-01284-x.
Scheffer, Louis Ket et al (2020) A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain eLife 9:e57443, doi.org/10.7554/eLife.57443
Trinh, T et al, Getting lost: the fungal hijacking of ant foraging behaviour in space and time, Animal Behaviour, Volume 181, 2021, Pages 165-184, ISSN 0003-3472, doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.202....
Пікірлер: 3 500
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@madlad1868
Жыл бұрын
Ily
@Djuncle
Жыл бұрын
You're brolliant.
@tristanstephens9661
Жыл бұрын
notice us, ur loyal viewers. WITNESS ME
@ZOMBiFOX13
Жыл бұрын
Fungus is terrifying sometimes ngl
@denifnaf5874
Жыл бұрын
Can't wait for the barnacle video
The students at West Virginia University who worked on the cicada fungus referred to the infected cicadas as "saltshakers of death," which is a level of description I now expect from our best and brightest minds.
@troubledcourier8795
Жыл бұрын
As a wv, yeah sounds bout right for us.
@KatiTheButcher
Жыл бұрын
I want to try eating those salt shakers of death.
@iamjustkiwi
Жыл бұрын
@@KatiTheButcher at least those cicadas go out absolutely tripping balls
@sheriffbutterball7824
Жыл бұрын
better than zombie fungus ass flakes
@KatiTheButcher
Жыл бұрын
@@iamjustkiwi yes thats why I want to eat them lol. I wonder though, do cicadas trip balls on psilocybin? Be my luck I would have to eat 50 pounds to take effect.
Every fungus video, no matter how humorous, is so freaking disturbing. Fungi are so interesting and terrifying at the same time!
@Shalott99
Жыл бұрын
Ikr zefrank’s humor is great as always but (butt) this one was kinda hard to watch
@overhauledunderpaid6469
Жыл бұрын
They're too smart yet too apathetic to other intelligent life.
@seansmith6255
Жыл бұрын
Fun fact They're the closest kingdom to animalia
@lorimac0260
Жыл бұрын
@@Shalott99 I was eating breakfast. WAS. 😂
@Asubatsu
Жыл бұрын
And just think, scientists are messing with and altering fungi like they did with covid.
It will never get old hearing you say the word "babies".
@rezandrarizkyirianto-1933
Жыл бұрын
BEBBEES
@nevermind-sc2vm
11 ай бұрын
Bebehs
@Marewig
11 ай бұрын
My mind never transcribes the words as babies. It's always 'bébés'.
@leviroch
9 ай бұрын
@@Marewighis merchandise has finally proven it's spelt: 'behbehs' lol (had to buy the poster, my house mate was starting to one up me on ridiculous posters and I knew exactly how to win THAT shit :D)
@Marewig
9 ай бұрын
@@leviroch 🤣🤣 that's..... That's hilariously appropriate, for some reason. I'll definitely take that rather than 'babies'
11:49 “The Last A$$ of Us” as pitched by ZeFrank would be an excellent zombie fungus B-movie 😂
One additional interesting fact that ZeFrank didn't mention in this video is that the carpenter ants can actually tell if one of their own is infected. If a worker finds an infected ant, it will grab the infected ant and carry it out of the hive as far away as possible before abandoning the doomed ant to its fate. (The worker that does this is still safe because the cordyceps fungus is not yet in its fruiting stage, so the infectious spores have not emerged yet.) Despite these precautions though, wind can still carry the spores back and infect more ants.
@Shrooblord
Жыл бұрын
Amazing. I love ants. Thanks for the quick fact!
@Styrophoamicus
Жыл бұрын
I see you've watched Planet Earth too!
@heathertaylor8904
Жыл бұрын
Not all of them though! Some varieties compel the ant to leave the nest in order to find a suitable plant to summit and fruit on.
@IllnessXBL
Жыл бұрын
No. The ones that carry it out commit suicide. That’s the coolest part about it.
@itsagundam79
Жыл бұрын
Pretty much how humans would react if you told them you were bitten by a zombie. The movies got it right!
I'd like to point out that fungi technically fulfill every requirement in order to be real-life Lovecraftian abominations.
@bobzillathebabykicker2981
Жыл бұрын
Tomato, Tomahtoe Cthulu, Calamari Fungi, Idk it's alrdy food.
@DustyHoney
Жыл бұрын
Lovecraft had to get inspiration from somewhere.
@thebeardedatheist
Жыл бұрын
Oh I get it, cuz they are both racist.
@LokiKeanu
Жыл бұрын
so does the sun
@samsonsoturian6013
Жыл бұрын
There was a Mythos tale called The Derelict that capitalized on that.
Only a few weeks ago, I read in the NYT the interview of a renowned scientist or biologist, I didn’t know his name. He was asked: "What keeps you awake at night?” and replied: "Fungi.” Now I understand why.
I don't think I've ever laughed so hard while being completely horrified... Only you, Ze Frank, only you...
@ClanImprobable
Жыл бұрын
Very _very_ the same!
@MrDosenburg
10 күн бұрын
Having recently seen a LP of Far Cry 5, you didn't need to add that last part on a video on parasitic fungi, my guy 😬
Friendly reminder that cordyceps not interacting with the brains of their hosts means that they're effectively prisoners in bodies they can no longer control; experiencing everything the parasite is doing to them but unable to resist its influence.
@EnderGoku9001
Жыл бұрын
Imagine if purple haze's ability was really releasing fungus 💀
@williamlowry8809
Жыл бұрын
Friendly reminder that this is wrong. If you're referring to that "Real Science" video check out the study they cite, it says the exact opposite. The hyphae do invade the muscles but do not control them. The host's brain is simply controlled via the secretion of secondary metabolites.
@flogusgladly5370
Жыл бұрын
🥵🥵🥵
@willthefin
Жыл бұрын
kinda hot ngl
@xitaris5981
Жыл бұрын
@@willthefin Wtf...
Weirdly enough, even the reliably impeccable humor and wit of the voiceover cannot possibly dull the stomach-twisting horror of this particular topic. These visuals are truly the stuff of nightmares.
@dsbmitchell
Жыл бұрын
I had a harder time watching this (I only watched like 1/4 of it) than watching 99% of the horror films I’ve seen in my life. Skin-tinglingly disturbing
@0Luxis0
Жыл бұрын
holy shit that was well phrased
@FunZies.
Жыл бұрын
I chose to eat breakfast while watching this. WHY?! WHY DID I DO THIS?
@thomasyates3078
Жыл бұрын
@@dsbmitchell Realy, watch it. It only gets more horrific, but it's Ze Frank's greatest work. He manages to Uno reverse his ongoing but/butt pun, then in the credits imagines what it would be like the cicada one infected humans, and I actually started crying.
@Mightylcanis
Жыл бұрын
Honestly, the only part that bothered me was the clips of cicadas, because I hate cicadas. I was rooting for the fungus the entire time.
3:25 "They don't know who makes it, either the fly or the fungs" Crazy!! Is there a way to tell if the adhesive the fly secretes has the same chemical composition as the stuff that makes the spores sticky? Cause that might help answer the question... Also, this is truly horrifying.
@TheLocalMothLord0.0
Жыл бұрын
What are you doing on this side of KZread, Gryph0n?? 😂
@randomcrapstudios8398
Жыл бұрын
Hi gabe
@jynxed66six54
Жыл бұрын
the problem is this. even if you can prove the spores dont produce it themselves, its impossible to know if the spores are making the fly do it themselves. in which case, it would still be the spores doing it.
@gagemal5
11 ай бұрын
It might but In the science world that is still an educated guess even if I’d had the same chemical makeup. Just because it matches the chemical profile doesn’t mean the fly didn’t make it because the fungus could just override the flys organs and use them to produce the adhesive according to the fungus’ blueprints which would mimic the chemical makeup of the fungus adhesive. Furthermore if they matched it would be like ok maybe the fungus is making it not entirely sure though. And if they didn’t match it wouldn’t mean anything at all. Because the fungus could simply use a new compound for sticking a fly to a leaf one that is wholly different from the spore sticking compound. Great thought, but this is just a complicated question you’re definitely on the right track though!!!
@MoonShadowWolfe
11 ай бұрын
"There's sticky shit oozing out of you to lock you in place for the fungus's needs, but we don't know if the fungus is making your body make that, or if it's spread through you so far that it is more fungus oozing back out of you."
You took a truly horrifying corner of nature and made humor out of it. That is quite a gift you have there, ZeFrank!
I don't think I'll ever get tired of the "butt" and "but" mixup gag, gets me every time
@HunterBloodHunterBlood
Жыл бұрын
The best one was when he mixed it up by saying, “The Male Spider leaves the safety of his burrow in search of a female BUTT.”
@Shrooblord
Жыл бұрын
Whenever I talk about a ZeFrank video, I always mention this as one of my favourite bits. And I didn't even see it coming this time even though it was the _perfect_ moment for it. Love these scripts
"Zombies are just gonna be people all hopped up on mushrooms and cocaine trying to get people to hump a powder ball that ate their junk." What a magnificent sentence. We need a movie immediately.
@LiveErrors
Жыл бұрын
Shaun of the dead but hyper?
@metalmamasue3680
Жыл бұрын
You shouldn't call it a Fly anymore but a Walk 🤣🤣
@michaelmaxim7207
Жыл бұрын
The way society is now, I'd say we're not to far away
@brianrose85
Жыл бұрын
"Last Ass of Us"
@MichMane
Жыл бұрын
The movie exists and is called The Girl with All The Gifts. Based on the book of the same name.
I studied biochemistry and human biology. Took microbiology as an extra subject. I love science, I love nature, I love biology. I am also accustomed to a fair amount of gore having seen more than most in real life and in media. That said, Ophiocordyceps can fuck right off. Fascinating but remorselessly macabre, horrific, and disturbing beyond description. Great video Ze Frank, and thanks. I didn't want to sleep tonight anyway.
@RustBot42
8 ай бұрын
Nature is beautiful, isn't it? Absolutely horrifying and merciless, but still beautiful at the same time.
I hate looking at bugs. Every time I see a close-up photo of a bug, I get into a cold sweat and start feeling jumpy. However, Zefrank’s videos are just so interesting and entertaining that I, somehow, manage to overcome looking at the bugs. Edit: I still kind of hated the whole experience though.
@roberine7241
3 ай бұрын
I am happy I am not the only one. these videos are an interesting combination of fucked up and funny that make me watch them and hate every second of it. I hope these fungi never evolve to infect humans.
The horrifying thing about the way cordyceps takes direct control is that since it's not infecting the brain, the victim is essentially conscious the whole time until the final stage, but helpless to stop itself.
@alalessia
Жыл бұрын
I thought so too, not sure about how much self awareness to expect from ants but knowing you're now biting down on a leaf and quite literally unable to let go until death releases you sounds terrifying
@gordonbman2911
Жыл бұрын
I think this is humanization of ants, they don't really think about the meaning of Life and their place in the world, and don't have a brain like mammals :D Though i understand and agree with you it is really unsetteling
@LiterallyCensoredDaily
Жыл бұрын
Pharmaceuticals are often fugus based, and we've all seen or heard about drug addicts acting like demonically possessed zombies at times. Just saying.
@Kirmeins
Жыл бұрын
@@gordonbman2911 how do you know that though? I think they do have a primal drive to survive and do their thing. If they're latched onto something and cannot let go I'd think they'd be at least disturbed by not being able to do what they normally do because their brain is still fine for a bit and tells them to go do ant things.
@martinitland
Жыл бұрын
@@KirmeinsThis is going to sound very silly, but the only way my brain wants to relate what you wrote to a scenario I could recognize is when you play some video game and gets stuck in a bugged (pun not intended) side quest which eventually makes you rage quit and (possibly) start over from scratch - abandoning the first character in the process.
As a "hippie scientist" myself I can't just emphasize enough the huge research labour that Ze (et al.) does... there are more references in these videos than in half of the papers I've read last month. And they are truly a masterpiece of science communication, plus one of the most funny videos you can watch in YT. There should be a new join-category (Nobel-Oscar) for this guy (et al.). Magnificent!
@quintessenceSL
Жыл бұрын
I'm certain the Ig Nobels would be receptive.
@mistahp6181
Жыл бұрын
Who is et al? He is really good at science
@nobatime
Жыл бұрын
Agreed! Some subjects I never thought I’d be interested in, I’m now fascinated by. Just looking at the credits at the end of these videos really point out how much goes into them. Thank you Science Hippies!
@alexandercandicedad1355
Жыл бұрын
The term is "science hippie", science hippie!
@d1egomon194
Жыл бұрын
@@mistahp6181 my cousin, a great lad
As someone with a morbid curiosity about parasitic organisms, I didn't expect this video to unsettle me. But it did. And on top of that, it was all new information for me. Which is why I love this channel.
I love the True Facts series, but I also miss the oddly calming existential conversations you used to have with us.
Insects have it hard enough. The idea of being mind controlled by a fungus is genuinely terrifying. It's even more amazing that the fungi can do so without a brain themselves.
@aloysiusdevanderabercrombi470
Жыл бұрын
Perhaps you should read about numerous parasites affecting mammalians.
@daniellewilson8527
Жыл бұрын
@@aloysiusdevanderabercrombi470 oh yes, toxoplasma Gondi is an example
@donnyaxe78
Жыл бұрын
You make fungi sound like fox news.
@Rhaifha
Жыл бұрын
Some viruses do it too! There's some caterpillar viruses that turn the caterpillars into goo, but before they finish the job, they send the caterpillar to a nice and visible spot to be eaten by a bird. Whose poop then spreads the spores.
@rowanbrown5541
Жыл бұрын
Remember cordyceps doesn't mind control, it muscle controls. THE INSECT IS STILL CONSCIOUS
"Yes it was a nice weekend DAVE, went antiquing, planted some herbs, f*cked a corpse and did some light spring cleaning thank you very much, freaking Dave!"
@theidioticbgilson1466
Жыл бұрын
cretinous pfp
@aazhie
Жыл бұрын
XD
@metalmamasue3680
Жыл бұрын
🤣🤣 That one had me laughing out loud. 🤣🤣
@andreibaciu7518
Жыл бұрын
imagine being the guy who saw a rotting corpse and was like "don't mind me if I dooo..."
@matthewbowen5841
Жыл бұрын
That's Dave for you. Always bein nosy.
oh my God fungi are so fascinating yet so horrific and terrifying, I genuinely think this might be the most disturbed and uncomfortable I've ever been in my life
A Crocodile in sole captivity has just recently been documented to have bred on its own. Would love to see a true facts on Parthenogenesis!
@dyslexicboogaloo
11 ай бұрын
I’ve heard that word.
@Theknowledgethetruth
10 ай бұрын
Let me guess,. Australia?
@joegamergaming
9 ай бұрын
Between this and the Mammoth meatball our world is becoming Jurassic park waiting to happen
@twistedtachyon5877
4 ай бұрын
@@joegamergaminghopefully we'll actually listen to the insurance engineers in the real deal, I guess.
@stevenclark1662
4 ай бұрын
"Somebody f#%*ed this crocodile! Who did it?! Jenkins! Lookin' at you."
_Ophiocordyceps_ would be truly terrifying of it ever infected humans. No wonder it's the basis for _The Last of Us._
@ruthie8785
Жыл бұрын
damn thanks for letting us know. that it’s the basis for the last of us.
@watershipup7101
Жыл бұрын
That's exactly why The Last of Us is so scary. The concept has it's roots in reality.
@White_Wrath
Жыл бұрын
I'd say subliminal brainwashing is scarier and actually works on humans.
@lizm.2064
Жыл бұрын
@@watershipup7101 love your name!
One of my favorite parts of these videos is learning why certain things wind up the way they do. Seen many cicadas missing their rear but never really knew why. This clears that up.
@thegingerpirate
Жыл бұрын
You've definitely breathed in a load of these sporse then. If you find yourself becoming attracted to corpses, consult a doctor.
@rafaelarevalo8047
Жыл бұрын
their rear butt? oh, sorry.
@thesonofdormammu5475
Жыл бұрын
I always thought it was a bird or something.
@Hermititis
Жыл бұрын
Now I'm wondering about the moths & butterflies I've seen that have been missing an abdomen but still seemed very lively.
@Social_Pugatory
Жыл бұрын
@@Hermititis To make them more catchable by birds and reptiles and continue the parasitic life cycle.
Hearing him monologue to himself and laugh at the end is a treat.
I burst into tears at "you got some explainin to do" - great stuff! As always
@germanafonin251
Жыл бұрын
I almost pissed myself
I always wondered why some Cicada bodies I've seen were missing their abdomens, but were otherwise undamaged. Figured it was a particularly picky predator at first, but as it is said: truth is sometimes stranger than fiction. And even more disturbing.
@Nightfire613
Жыл бұрын
I mean, I guess you could think of it like a picky preditor. If a plant can be a predator, why not a fungus?
@Cosmic-Sorceress-17
Жыл бұрын
@@Nightfire613 Very true! I don't often associate fungi with predation the same way I would a Venus Flytrap, but it kind of is how some of these parasitic fungi work.
@Dogman_35
Жыл бұрын
@@Nightfire613 Googled it, and apparently parasitism doesn't actually count as predation. Even if it eventually kills the host.
@jasond.5723
Жыл бұрын
@@Dogman_35 Hm. How exclusive we predators are
@monk9948
Жыл бұрын
Fungi is homophobic probably
The fruit fly section gave me flashbacks to my work in a drosophila neurobio lab. Good times. So many flies. Once I had to count, by hand, how many times they had sex in an hour. Stay in school kids and one day you might be able to count the number of mating attempts for the sake of underatanding the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of neurons.
@xitaris5981
Жыл бұрын
So how many?
@poppedweasel
Жыл бұрын
@@xitaris5981 More than you.
@eljanrimsa5843
Жыл бұрын
What do you mean with "by hand"? Did you use your fingers for counting?
@A_T216
Жыл бұрын
@eljanrimsa5843 it just means that a human counted instead of a computer
@hehehorf782
Жыл бұрын
Ah yeah i worked with drosophila as well! Not for super long unfortunately (thanks mental illness) but yeah I had to sort females and males. I was just learning to identify virgin flies before I had to leave. Lots of paintbrushes and microscope squinting.
"The Last-Ass of Us" was gold. Just gold.
It's so fascinating how smart fungus is without a brain, or how it even alive. I absolutely love your channel! I can't get enough, especially that you make it fun rather than scary.
Based on the first one with the flies, imagine a zombie movie where the zombies don’t really bite that much, but spread their disease by finding or attracting a group of people and then their back just explodes with blood and spores everywhere
@PhotonBeast
Жыл бұрын
Would make for a different kind of zombie movie since the people would probably need to kill them in particular ways/avoid killing them in certain ways while also having some protection.
@pldcanfly
Жыл бұрын
But then there are those zombies that just call out to attract more humans. Like crying for help and stuff O.O
@Robofrog100
Жыл бұрын
Thanks satan
@NeoDarkEther
Жыл бұрын
@@pldcanfly it's just like in the game "Left 4 Dead", where you have the crying zombies and the exploding ones.
@xitaris5981
Жыл бұрын
So wear a hazmat suit and you're good to go walking amongst the zombies?
"And now not only are you infected, but you're going to have some explaining to do when you go into work tomorrow." Yup folks, this is how the world will end. Long live FUNGI!!
@Bluecho4
Жыл бұрын
I, for one, welcome our new fungal overlords.
@amberkat8147
Жыл бұрын
@@Bluecho4 I, on the other hand, absolutely will not!
@tfgrrl2042
Жыл бұрын
@@Bluecho4 resistant fungal infections are on the rise, so you might not have as long to wait to welcome them as you think
@misanthropicservitorofmars2116
Жыл бұрын
@@tfgrrl2042resistant everything is on the rise. All diseases. Because people take vaccines and live in pods instead of existing amongst nature. Microbes evolve on a faster level than macro organisms do. Do the math. The small things will figure out how to succeed before we do. Best course of action is learning to live with them by existing in a more natural environment. Avoid cities. Don’t clean out your small cuts. Let your body handle the bacteria. This isn’t a thousand years ago. You can test your immense system. Let it get infected by sushi and unsanitized cuts and not religiously washing your hands (wash your hands just don’t get OCD about it). Our bodies will require millennia to evolve to fit our environment. Microbes need mere decades for the same generational evolutions to arise.
Thank you for confirming the Fungi/Fun Guy joke is actually facts.
1:53 "yet" is so terrifying and funny at the same time lol
"from here on in don't call it a fly, call it a walk"... some of your finest work ze, thank you
@metalmamasue3680
Жыл бұрын
I laugh through all of his videos. If you haven't seen the Leaf Hopper or tree hopper one, that's a gem too and the Killer Surfing Snails. We science hippies love them 😃
@datwongai3903
Жыл бұрын
@@metalmamasue3680 And a lot of us science hippies love the metal, too! 🤘
@ericjohnson6120
Жыл бұрын
"Killme."
I've grown mushrooms for years and the more you learn about all fungus the more questions you end up with. It's one of the most fascinating organisms in the world and definitely will make you question what you definitely intelligence as. One thing Zefrank forgot add about the cordyceps is that it seems to know how to keep a healthy population of its hosts around. If the population gets too small it will go dormant if the population gets too big it will significantly increase the amount hosts it will infect
@m____w____6981
Жыл бұрын
A mushroom shows up at a party uninvited. The host says "We dont allow magic mushrooms in here" The mushroom replies, "Aw, come on, I'm such a fun guy".
@LiterallyCensoredDaily
Жыл бұрын
@@m____w____6981 *mushrooms friend: "Aw, come on! We only hung out with that shaman ONE time! We aren't even magic!"
@martinitland
Жыл бұрын
@@m____w____6981Took me a few moments😅 Well played, Sir or Madam. Well played👏🏼👏🏼
@letsomethingshine
Жыл бұрын
likely chemical/pheromone signals released into the air for quorum and "host number" sensing.
@DangerB0ne
Жыл бұрын
@@m____w____6981 I hate this joke. It's got me green around the gills that someone made such a rancid dad joke. Keep it up.
I've fought black mold for about a decade. Finally purging it out after years of searching for an answer. It definitely alters behavior and causes some /gnarly/ symptoms.
The end commentary on this one had me dying! 🤣🤣🤣☠️ "the last ass of us" 😂😂 Nailed it 👏🏻
On the bug dating scene "He's a real fun guy. He'll grow on you" has more than one meaning
As disturbing as these fungi are, as horrific as the processes they use to do their own survival are, I'd pay money to see a zombie movie as you described at the ending card there, Ze Frank. That'd be magical. "What are you doing up there?" ( _muffled_ ) "M'unno."
@darkdragoness5
Жыл бұрын
I read a manga about assassins that mimic certain skills and abilities off certain arthropods, that kinda had an ending where there was a horny zombie apocalypse, except instead of basing it off fungal infection, they based it off the army ants death spiral (assassin was able to control anyone who she (or someone infected) French kissed, and when she died, those infected spread out infecting other people until they died)
@SolstaceWinters
Жыл бұрын
@@darkdragoness5 That sounds both stupid and hilarious. Depending on the age-rating of said series, I wouldn't be adverse to the name being presented here. (There are potentially younger viewers after all, and the original comment has gained some traction. I wouldn't wanna be held liable for the corruption of the youth. :P )
@darkdragoness5
Жыл бұрын
@@SolstaceWinters it sounds stupid partly because I made it more age appropriate (it's very mature), to avoid the fact that it is a lot more triggering with the whole horde of mindless extremely horny zombies
@SolstaceWinters
Жыл бұрын
@@darkdragoness5 Fair. If that's the case, probably not a good idea to post it here. The curiosity will eat me, but I'll survive. I don't watch or read as much as I used to.
@_FiDeLCAsTrO_
Жыл бұрын
That is called The Last of Us and is a series. It's based on cordyceps. They're not horny tho
I died at 4:29 when he said "sporeception, pew!"😂💀😂
I need a pin that just says “Jerry, it’s a flagellum.”
2 of my favorite things combined finally! I mentioned this process to my dad once last year and he didn't believe me, but looked it up. My mom was so mad because my dad was working 'zombie ant fungus' into any conversation he could because it was the wildest thing to him.
@GronTheMighty
Жыл бұрын
Getting a grown man to embody the enthusiasm of a child is how science wins
@spiritmatter1553
Жыл бұрын
Your dad sounds like so much fun!
@Voxen712
Жыл бұрын
you have one gem of a dad
@LiterallyCensoredDaily
Жыл бұрын
Your dad was right. This is pretty wild.
how is this not on Netflix and Hulu? True Facts is better than 90% of what's on any streaming platform.
@dystopianape
Жыл бұрын
Because it's quality content
@dystopianape
Жыл бұрын
@@srj607able LMAO
@K9River
Жыл бұрын
When they make a black, tranny version of the fly, they will.
@user-ls2en2mb4c
Жыл бұрын
@@srj607able thanks for the good laugh man
@danielwordsworth1843
Жыл бұрын
Keep it as far from both as possible
If the voice isn't fabulous enough the writing is simply top notch. Well done, guys!
Since this summer is supposed to be a cicadageddon because 2 broods, 13 and 17 year, are both emerging at the same time, I am definitely rooting for the fungus. The bug science hippies are saying there will be up to a trillion cicadas in circulation. Just one cicada can create noise up to 120 decibels, which is loud enough to permanently damage human hearing. I don't even want to think about hundreds of thousands of them will sound like. So, GO FUNGUS!
I was hoping you'd include the cicada fungus in this, and you did! A few years back my neighborhood was deluged by the Brood X swarm. And for those few months, it was very common to find those flying salt shakers of death among the noisy horde. I also read an article where scientists working with them, and finding the magic mushroom hallucinogen, had contacted the DEA to be sure they weren't going to be in legal trouble over drug possession. They were assured that it would be OK. (For them, not for the cicadas.)
@tookitogo
Жыл бұрын
I experienced Brood X back in 2004, in Maryland. It was quite the sight! (And sound.)
@DaydreamingArtist322
Жыл бұрын
That last sentence made me imagine DEA members attempting to arrest the infected cicadas. I doubt that’s what you meant, but I found that mental image amusing.
@Can0spam
Жыл бұрын
@@DaydreamingArtist322 I can see the tiny sets of hand cuffs now.
@Kirmeins
Жыл бұрын
@@Can0spam wing cuffs you mean
@angelikaskoroszyn8495
Жыл бұрын
Now I'm sure some people eat cicadas to get high
Ahhhh... Dave attaching himself to the flagpole by deep throating the knob on the end after fungus sprinkles fell out of the gaps in his short shorts was probably my favourite of your end of video rants yet 😂😂
Ive seen the 17 year cicadas devoured alive by fungus first hand, its genuinely terrifying, and it affects most of them in a large area all at once
4:44 "I know what you're thinking: What's so bad about that?" Yes, Ze Frank. That was exactly what I was thinking...
"Don't call it a fly, call it a walk" Perfectly delivered, sir
@Ass_of_Amalek
Жыл бұрын
there actually are wingless fruitflies bred as pet feeder animals that are commonly referred to as "fruitwalks".
The corpse mating… stuff of nightmares! Thank you for the education, giggles, and horrors. 🧡🧡🧡🧡🧡
@Bayofthe91st
Жыл бұрын
The last bit are more hilarious for me , it feels like a consecutive punch made by a stand-up comedian
@ButacuPpucatuB
Жыл бұрын
@@Bayofthe91st It’s one of the fun ways to die! Not a corpse. Which is a bonus! You’re hallucinating and missing your genitals. Still your demise is a happy one.
@BubboPants
Жыл бұрын
"...compounds are secreted that are essentially sexual signals causing other flies to come over and try to have sex with the corpse. I know what you're thinking: What's so bad about that?"
I want to make a mini science lab in my bedroom so I can grow cool mushrooms like this.
"you got some explaining to do when you go to work tomorrow" comedy gold
As cute as you try to make them, I'm still horrified and, on a very primitive level, terrified of these things.
@White_Wrath
Жыл бұрын
Humans don't need to worry about fungus
@cameron6538
Жыл бұрын
@@White_Wrath immunocomprimised ones do
@atree6646
Жыл бұрын
@@White_Wrath Exactly what a human-eating fungus would say!
@White_Wrath
Жыл бұрын
@@atree6646 Just eat your mushrooms and chill bro.
@SeraphimxSins
Жыл бұрын
@@White_Wrath We don't until we do. Just like with every other bodily assailing things. Like he said, athletes foot is a fungus. If, by some chance, fungus develops in a way that allows them to better invade and survive in our bodies, then we're in deep shit despite how advanced our immune system is.
People usually say these fungi ONLY effect ants. I’m glad you’ve cleared that up. This is the best zombie fungi KZread video.
@Ass_of_Amalek
Жыл бұрын
they infect lots of insects. dunno if other invertegrates, too. the most well-known one actually is cordyceps sinensis, which infects caterpillars and is a very highly valued chinese quack medicine.
@aazhie
Жыл бұрын
Thay would be like saying there's only one fugus that bothers humans. There are so many millions of species of bugs and fungi, there is probably multiple fungi per bug species and they all do different things.
@ScorpioIsland
Жыл бұрын
@@Ass_of_Amalek there are peer reviewed research articles proving sinensis has a greater impact on improving athletic performance than any other substance that isn't banned. Quack medicine, indeed
@hamster_in_a_wheel_8099
Жыл бұрын
@@ScorpioIsland Well then. Prove it. Give is the links.
@christopherjones8448
Жыл бұрын
@@hamster_in_a_wheel_8099 You can't post links on youtube anymore, daddy google will shadow ban your reply
"and now, not only are you infected, you're going to have something you're going to explain at work tomorrow.. "
I know what you’re thinking, “What’s so bad about that.” Kills me every time I watch it.
For those scared of Fungai, don't worry! Lots of other creatures do this to their hosts too! Flukes, tiny snails, worms!
@banjofangirl3458
Жыл бұрын
Earn your forgiveness or become the dirt I walk on
@Chpow01
Жыл бұрын
Don't forget parasitic wasps.... because f those guys.
@DJI_Friday
Жыл бұрын
…well, this sure was a way to learn that the flukes from hollow knight were a real thing. And imagine my surprise when google images shows a 10p next to them for scale! Excuse me whilst I go puke - which, coincidentally, is apparently one of the symptoms for infection!!
Please forgive me but I've got to shill a little bit for the sponsor here, Brilliant. I had a major surgery two years ago that left me really iffy in the head. My doctors recommended that I use my brain, despite my exhaustion, to get me back to feeling sharp. Recalling the ads for Brilliant from this and other KZread channels, I used the service for almost a year now. It was... brilliant! I built up confidence and exercised my mind in a way that I honestly couldn't have imagined even last year. I also built up my confidence in some STEM subjects which I'd never quite grasped in school. So thanks @Ze Frank for turning my on to Brilliant! Cheers
That is simply terrifying in all ways possible.
Last ass of us killed me. Forgot to remember the no drinking rule I had to make while watching ZeFrank videos. Damn near choked to death on my OJ! Still loved it near death and all.
I studied under Dr. Charissa De Bekker, she is amazing! I'm so glad to see her credited here!
@bunnieskitties293
Жыл бұрын
You studied UNDER a woman? But men are superior. GOD MADE US FIRST. We have penises-- at least until the Fungi eat them off of us-- that give us divine right to rule and be KINGS!
I love Ze’s giggles as he narrates. It brings the joy
3:06 the fly without wings is a walk joke is my lifetime favourite joke ever😅😅
Your extremely serious voice and accent combined with your humorous narration is very special
The one that changes the mating call of the cicadas from male to female absolutely blows my mind.
“Simply follow nature, Rousseau declares. Sade, laughing grimly, agrees.” - Camille Paglia
@cam4636
Жыл бұрын
On the one hand, a perfectly fitting quote. On the other, fuck Paglia and her "women deserve to be raped and I'm the only smart woman" philosophy.
@spiritmatter1553
Жыл бұрын
👏🏻 👏🏻 👏🏻
@somercet1
Жыл бұрын
She's one of the greats.
The dreams I have are nothing compared to the dreams you have. This gives me comfort.
Don’t think I’d ever seen visuals of the fungi literally encapsulating the cells if the host like this, that’s nuts
had a very bad morning complete with panic attack. it really says something about your ability to make people laugh when three stories of bug infection and mutilation made me feel a lot better. never change mr frank, never change
@dianahowell3423
Жыл бұрын
Oh, I so identify with this! Rough morning, hard week, and then Ze pops up with hysterical horror. Just what I needed, and I hope your day is better!
If I could subscribe a thousand times I would. Your videos give me solace and joy. I cannot thank you enough.
You know those polls that ask who would narrate your life story? You. You would. Thank you for the years of awesome knowledge
This is by far the most disturbing video you’ve done, and that includes the spider one. Edit: Any alien species that witnessed these fungi would either run screaming or burn us from orbit.
@M33f3r
Жыл бұрын
I’m hoping they burn us from orbit before running screaming because I don’t want this stuff making it off earth even if its the end of the rest of us.
@npcx-mq6cr
Жыл бұрын
pretty sure it's humans they witnessed and ran screaming
@elenachristian9860
Жыл бұрын
@@npcx-mq6cr Fun fact: Biologically, we have a lot in common with fungi. To the aliens: Basically. Run.
@npcx-mq6cr
Жыл бұрын
@@elenachristian9860 uh, yeah that's what I said
@kevincrady2831
Жыл бұрын
Why would they run screaming or burn us from orbit when we make such fine hosts for their spores?
"The last ass of us" alone deserves an award.
From taking over an insect to creating network of communications for trees to communicate through, one could say that fungi is indeed, a fun guy
I always love the way you always say "This video is sponsored by "Brilliant". Learn to think!"
Ze riffing at the end on humans affected by zombie fungi was pure gold
Huge thanks to all the university professors who contributed to this video!!
@Klm49
Жыл бұрын
WoooHoooo, Academics!!!
Thanks. I was afraid I would sleep tonight, but this will make me stay awake for the rest of my life.
I've officially decided that everything everywhere should be purified in fire. Thank you, for solidifying my belief that nature is evil and only flame is pure.
You seriously make some of the most educational, influential, and hilarious content on the internet. Genuinely thank you for making this a more consistent series.
@jaxsonhammerkawk7436
Жыл бұрын
You might say he's a funguy... get it? Funguy/fungi... I'm sorry 😞
@jaxsonhammerkawk7436
Жыл бұрын
@@Dislike_Count but why is it not worth it to forage for mushrooms? It's too much truffle.
"Dave, what are you doing up there?" "Ui non't nwo" just about ended me. Nice work, Ze Frank!
Fucking Dave. Always killing the hangover buzz from the weekend.
Fascinating and horrifying at the same time.
I'm recovering from major abdominal surgery and that last line caused one of my stitches to burst. Keep up the good work.
@PetroBlownapart
Жыл бұрын
Hope your abdomen doesn't fall off and get replaced with a mass of fungal spores.
@Lavonne9870
Жыл бұрын
@@PetroBlownapart there's a Hallmark card text for ya
@tigertoxins584
Жыл бұрын
oof that's real painful, I had an appendectomy and couldn't laugh or cough for 3 weeks without immense pain
@D-me-dream-smp
Жыл бұрын
I do apologise, considering your painful plight, but when you said your stitches burst all I could imagine was some weird fungus suddenly sprouting out like “aha this was our plan all along…I toldja paying ZeFrank all that crypto would pay off!!”
@lnugentgibson4168
Жыл бұрын
@@tigertoxins584 I almost died when I sneezed after my appendectomy.
Fun fact: every cicada species has a totally distinct call ("song"). So different in fact that it is easy to identify each species. Not only male/female. I like the higurashi cicada song by the way.
"Which apparently they can live without?!" got me good
2:07 "spores, holes, screwed" haha nice!
That bit at the end about the realistic fungus zombie had me rolling 😆
You forgot an important step. Once a spore first 'hatches' it is a monokaryon. It needs to find another compatible spore that's hatched and bind with to form a dikykaryon. They share genetic information and produce the mycelium that is the new fungi. Then it begins to consume materials. It's the same as humans mating but instead the sperm and egg find each other outside of the body.
@CL-go2ji
10 ай бұрын
Wild.
Final joke was kinda bangin
I knew a guy in highschool who used to rip the wings off of flys. You take the wings off one side, you get a spin. You take them all off, you get a walk. And if you rip the legs off of a spider, you get a roll.
This is fascinating and now I'm horrified to learn that fungi can tell time.
3:02 "dont call it a fly, call it a walk! Hm, kill me" impeccable charisma, great banter
@karateman21874
Жыл бұрын
I had to pause I was laughing so hard
That "Last of our ass" joke was freaking funny! You Rock!
Man!!.. the *"The Last A$$ of us"* is the final nail in the coffin for my laughter 🤣🤣🤣