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@EA-tc6kb

Жыл бұрын

I worry for the future. The core in it's super conductive liquid form is the single most important thing for life. The magnetic field, climate and the very spinning motion that dictates the length of the day will break down. It will be abused and exploited like every other resource. Edit: Wrote this before I saw the point at the end.

@wow_horac4663

Жыл бұрын

You should do a deeper dive on Eavor. Disruptive investing did a video with them. Their solution doesn't even require a pump to circulate the water which was one of the things the proof of concept site in Canada was meant to prove. Cool stuff.

@edwardsferrazza9646

Жыл бұрын

Would the condensate from the steam be able to be used for agricultural needs?

@ipp_tutor

Жыл бұрын

@@edwardsferrazza9646 It's actually pumped back into the well because water needs to be replenished to keep the system going. In fact, power plants need an extra source of water because some water is lost as steam. That's why Geyzers uses treated wastewater from nearby cities, to pump it in through the injection well and get more steam out the other end.

@ipp_tutor

Жыл бұрын

Hey! I just thought of something. If we get really good at harvesting geothermal, we could really turn the Earth into a giant spaceship and fly out of the Solar System like in that weird Chinese sci-fi movie 😁. What was it called?

The reason why drilling deeper than five miles is because the rock formations become plastic like semi fluid at these extremes and tend to flow around the drill tools forcing them to fail. I love your channel

@mjoelnir1899

Жыл бұрын

You do not need to drill further than five miles or eight km. You find plenty of heat before that depth even in geothermal cold areas. Her in Iceland the limit is about 5 km before the heat melts your drill. The deep hole project yielded a hole providing about 50 megawatt steam power.

I think the Eavor closed loop system is the best so far. And I understand that they are supposed to be starting their first full production system in Germany next year.

@stevedugas2806

Жыл бұрын

The beauty of this is that, while battery storage is great for replacing peaker plants, this delivers base load production. This can finally move us away from fossil fuel for our power!

@manuelastangier5195

Жыл бұрын

Did not hear about this in germany at this time?

@alanlight7740

Жыл бұрын

The planned German project is in Geretsried. Also, for anyone interested, Eavor is pronounced the same as the English word "ever", NOT how you would expect based on the spelling. And they have their own KZread channel with a number of videos explaining what they're doing.

10:00 you forgot to mention that there can be radioactive waste building up in the bore holes, like it happened in Reykjanesvirkjun. 11:10 the risk for the ground water is also given when using "just water" for the fracking of the rocks, because heavy metals and other toxic stuff can be extracted from the fractured rocks and may well migrate into ground water resources.

@justinw1765

Жыл бұрын

Yeah, to me, shallow, direct heating/cooling systems for individual homes make a lot more sense.

It appears that in most grid locations where strategically distributed 24/7 Geothermal power plants are needed to replace gas peaker & aging nuclear plants, they would only need to provide power for about 10% of the grid load. Most of the load in most locations can be covered by wind & widely distributed solar + various forms of integrated storage, like pumped hydro or batteries. Another interesting technical detail is that EGS systems can be throttled by over-pressurizing the well during a period of low demand; then tapping that added potential when demand rises. Thus, the system includes a storage capacity that other typical 24/7 power plants lack. This is a big deal.

@geekswithfeet9137

Жыл бұрын

Geothermal is also rated on a continuous basis, it’s governed by the heat flux through the rock. It can be oversized on the collection area and undersized on generator capacity and be run on a duty cycle; essentially treating the regeneration of heat capacity as a self charging battery.

@jeanpaulchristian3282

Жыл бұрын

Throttling and self recharging heat... Whats not to like.

@dieterjosef

Жыл бұрын

If it works so good it would be a waste of resources to use it only for ten percent. Every machine should be used as much as possible to make use of the resources that are needed to build it. Every wind mill uses a lot of steel and concrete and needs a certain time to earn the energy and CO2 that was used to make it, so if you can spare that wind mill at all it would be better.

@jerrywagner8781

Жыл бұрын

@@dieterjosef I agree that any given power plant resource should be exploited to the fullest practical extent. But demand varies daily & seasonally. So for efficiency, 24/7 resources should be locally/ regionally distributed & developed to match demand. Too much 24/7 capacity, when it isn’t required most of the time, is inefficient, especially since it’s expensive to develop & maintain, compared to intermittent wind & solar. The capacity to throttle geothermal & actually store energy for a short period of time, say 4 to 6 hours, is a big plus in terms of efficiency.

@emberspirit6375

Жыл бұрын

@@jerrywagner8781 well...geothermal energy IN THEORY can be used as a source of so called base load...if u have ANY experiance in energetics u should be familliar with the concept of base load.

I was waiting throughout the video to hear about the laser mining with fusion technology, glad you're making a whole video about it !

@claudiaroy9455

Жыл бұрын

Yes, 🙌🏻 I’m excited about that one 2 😊

@markfernandes2467

Жыл бұрын

Lasers are not suitable for this type of bore hole drilling. No laser exists with the power to do it and even that energy is "scattered" due to the wavelength they operate at, making them very inefficient. However, millimeter wavelength EM can do this. SImilar to Microwaves and yes, this is used to heat the plazma in experimental tokamaks that this tech was originally developed for. These devices are called "gyrotrons" and are commercially available right now. The biggest problem with this way of drilling is the power supply. Althought this seems possible to do, the bore hole needs to be extremely straight, otherwise power transfer from the surface is degraded. This is not the end of the world as straight should be possible but does limit the idea of creating underground "radiators" like the Eavor system proposes. If you can solve this energy supply problem (might be impossible due to the Physics, not sure) then you could drill deep and horizontally once you're at depth, that would be great. If not, there might be a problem with contamination (radiation, metals, minerals) if you just want to frack your reservoir down there. Still, I think these are solvable problems and in economically viable ways. So yes, we should be putting r&d money into this tech asap.

While geothermal power plants are not feasible in many areas and tend to be crazy expensive to build--shallow, small scale geothermal for individual homes for both cooling and warming, is a lot more practical. In my area, I think if you dig down around 9 feet or so, you get a pretty steady temp of around 70* F which can be used for both warming and cooling (in my area, I would still have to run dehumidifiers in the summer though). I have some ideas about how to cut down the foot print and decrease the amount of digging/drilling for these. One way is to "super conduct" the energy flow from a certain depth to the surface using essentially really large "heat pipes" that are currently used for cooling computer systems. These are a copper pipe with a wicking material inside, a little distilled water, and the pipe is closed up with a medium-light vacuum pulled on it. The liquid to gas conversion and back of the water inside (the boiling temp drops at lower pressure), helps to move A LOT of energy quickly along with the thermal conductivity of the copper. There is no reason why these can't be scaled up. You have the first part, going to the deepest part of the ground uninsulated, and then insulate the rest of the pipe while wrapping copper tubing around the pipe to flow a liquid through. As you get closer to the surface, you connect to a more insulating tubing (butyl rubber is particularly good). Pump that to a well insulated water tank and then pump that water into the house to a radiator+fan combo. Rather than have one really large system (which tends to be more expensive), you have micro systems that pipe in to each room that has a window (you can easily make a foam insert for the window so that you can pipe directly in through there). For the initial drilling, a pressure washer + wet dry vac would work fine. The average DIY'er could do this for fairly cheap--probably around a few hundred per system. More feasible for ranch style homes than 2 and 3 story homes though. These type of micro systems are a lot more sustainable for most areas than the massive, industrial, electric conversion plants. Most of a home's electrical use is in heating and cooling. Whatever electricity needs are left over can be covered by smaller wind, solar, etc systems. Also using direct drive electrical devices and systems will also significantly cut down on amount of solar panels, wind turbines, etc needed. I know of a community that runs most of their electrical this way. They do have a small battery bank and more conventional Solar system for certain constant need items, but all the rest is DC driven. DC motors are extremely tolerant of energy changes apparently.

@georgeflitzer7160

Жыл бұрын

Check out his video on carbon dioxide batteries to.❤

The first of such geothermal projects I know of was in Cornwall, UK, several decades ago. The aim of the project was to generate enough to be self-sufficient, but fell short. It's also the first example of fracking I came across, as they were drilling two holes down through granite followed by fracking and then the pumping of water. In fact, they had to drill a third hole because the fracking took a different direction than they had anticipated.

@rtfazeberdee3519

Жыл бұрын

They are now doing geothermal at the Eden project, there's a good video on the Fully Charged channel showing it in progress

@IanSlothieRolfe

Жыл бұрын

There is a geothermal generation plant in Cornwall that might be related to that earlier project (run by the Cambourne School of Mines?) that went online in 2021/22. It generates 3MW which is only 0.004% of our current generating capacity unfortunately, but does at least provide power which I believe is competitive in price. Unfortunately according to most sources I have read there are few places in the UK where the geology is suitable for geothermal energy at reasonably competitive costs, but this may change if energy prices and availability from traditional sources continue to trend in the directions they are going.

To date Eavor offers the best solution. No pollution. I am all ears for your promised next video on this topic.

@Israel_Two_Bit

Жыл бұрын

Totally agree!

@omniscientearl

Жыл бұрын

I think I know the tech he's talking about. Basically, someone working on fusion tech did a proof of concept that uses the microwave laser from confinement fusion. It can vaporize rock and drill at a steady pace that outstrips the speed of mechanical drilling. No moving parts also means that you don't have to keep pulling the drill up for frequent maintenance. The laser also causes the well drilled to naturally case itself in a dense glass-like material. Twice as deep at a super low cost, basically.

@DFPercush

Жыл бұрын

@@omniscientearl Yeah I heard about that drilling laser idea. It's certainly been conceived before in sci-fi and video games, but if someone can make a practical version of it, it sounds great! I wonder how much juice that thing takes and how they plan to deliver power to it. One other small issue though. If you're drilling a closed loop system, you have to go horizontal at some point. I wonder how that works.

@ipp_tutor

Жыл бұрын

@@DFPercush Me too! It seems crazy but Eavor must be doing it somehow, hehe. There's another way to work around separate injection-production wells. Some companies are using concentric pipes in the same well. They run the working liquid through the outer jacket to absorb the heat and then pump it up through the central pipe that goes to the turbine or the flash tank.

Here in Austin we have a community that uses Geothermal to cool. 8" PVC pipes at 50' deep and it cools down to the low to mid '60s. Then it's pumped through the bottom of house and at the ceiling the pump out the hot air.

@alanlight7740

Жыл бұрын

That's a different kind of geothermal, depending not on the heat from the interior of the earth but the tendency of dirt and rock to stay the same temperature for long periods. In short, in most climates you only need to go down a few feet and you'll find the temperature of the ground is roughly the same as the average temperature of the area over the course of a year. Then as you go deeper it eventually starts getting hotter and hotter due to heat migrating from the interior of the Earth.

@koriifaloju2051

3 ай бұрын

@@alanlight7740exactly Although some call that form of geothermal (earth-heat ) it’s used for heat transfer not heat energy ( ie geothermal energy) like this video. Another common and better moniker for what he’s describing is ground-source heat pump ( GSHP), pumping heat from the house into the ground ( where temps are stable year round) to save on space cooling (and heating) 😇

I'd just like to say that I'm really enjoying your videos. I especially like how honest you are about each technology. Often people tend to focus only on the positives and either ignore the downsides or quickly brush over them. If we're to have an honest conversation about these things it's important to look at all aspects. Thanks

In 1982 I worked with Sidney Levy on a geothermal loop using freon and ceramic pipe. Worked like a charm, but no one was interested. Was before the global warming frenzy. In fact, everyone was talking about the coming ice age. We also demonstrated a Stirling engine that generated electricity from geothermal vents like those at Steamboat Springs and Yellowstone. Big Oil was in the way. More recently, we modeled a tidal generation system using the Shinnecock Canel between Shinnecock and Peconic bays (in Long Island, NY) as an example. Made us wonder why the Panama Canel isn't being used as a power plant... lol.

I kept commenting about Eavor in various videos on yours and several other KZread science/technology channels. I am happy someone finally gave them some attention. Green Fire Energy is another company doing closed-loop geothermal and is worth talking about. Since they are taking existing depleted oil wells and converting them into these systems. Which lowers the end cost. I am interested in your upcoming video on millimeter wave electromagnetic drill tech. It would be cool if Quaise and Eavor could get together because building out a closed-loop system like Eavors just deeper, would allow for more efficient heat extraction.

@BearBig70

Жыл бұрын

Let's see: locally availible, low investment energy supply?🤔 .....NOPE! Never happened. Too little money to be made for the elites. Sorry, nothing will come to fruition on this. Same with what I think: a nuculear waste diode, patented in the 50's, that would provide cheap and local energy for over 50k years. I donteven hear anyone talk about it...😮‍💨

@claudiaroy9455

Жыл бұрын

Definitely, we’ll reach out to see if they’ll give us an interview. Thanks for the comment. 😊

@christianshelby9184

Жыл бұрын

Has Eavor addressed the possibility of tremors or plate shifts rupturing the drill lines? If this concern is real, how will they effectively and efficiently repair the compromised infrastructure? Going “fishing” on a rig is easy, but if a plant is built on top of the location, it might be cheaper to build a whole new site. A closed loop system at great depths is great theoretically, horrible in reality.

@-whackd

Жыл бұрын

@@christianshelby9184 Probably addressed in the same way that the former oil industry directional drillers who formed Eavor, did it in the oil and gas industry.

@Sniffy1975

Жыл бұрын

electromagnetic drill tech is exactly what i was thinking of when he mentioned the cost of drilling.. I was pretty sure id seen a video on that tech somewhere, but it will definitely be interesting to see Ricky cover it.

Absolutely agree with you! Geothermal energy is something that is greatly overlooked. Great comments.

@GLJosh

Жыл бұрын

Easy to overlook as it is always under us.

@oldmech619

Жыл бұрын

Earthquakes! I lived near a geothermal plant. Two or three quakes a day. Most small, but all are disturbing. You stop where you are.

@WJV9

Жыл бұрын

@@oldmech619 - Most places where geothermal heat is close enough to the surface to be cost effective to drill are near active volcanoes or techtonic plates, in other words earthquake prone geographic areas.

@oldmech619

Жыл бұрын

@@WJV9 I lived near the geothermal power plant at Cobb Creek California. I knew the general operator and I had a personal tour of the plant. Injecting water into the earth and then extracting it causes constant small earthquakes.

@JR.M.S

Жыл бұрын

I read about cities with high rise buildings also produces earthquakes. With world wide high buildings and ad on geothermal technology, will we have dangerous earthquakes?

Another fantastic one, I am getting more and more optimistic. Can't wait for the follow up video.

@ipp_tutor

Жыл бұрын

Same here. So refreshing to see someone looking past all the doom & gloom behind climate change and showing real, data-backed reasons to be optimistic about the future!

The first geothermal plant, 250 MW, was built in New Zealand back in the 1950's. It was the flash type that exhausted spent steam into the atmosphere. It has since been upgraded to reinject used steam, condensed back into hot water, into the ground. Nothing much happened after that until the 1990's then additional plants, using the Israeli Ormat binary cycle, began to spring up. It uses hotwater from geothermal wells to convert a working fluid, pentane, into gas, which powered turbines. The original fluid is never turned to steam but reinjected. This is the solution in use because the temperatures below ground are too low for flash steam plants. We produce about 900 MW of power from geothermal, with new plants, generally 100 to 200 MW, being built.

@NZLKevin88

Жыл бұрын

No, Italy was first. All the binary plants in NZ use separated steam and water from two phase production wells. We are quite lucky to have high temperature resources and geothermal power is competitive with all other generation options, but suitable sites are limited.

@briananthony4044

Жыл бұрын

@@NZLKevin88 I meant the first geothermal plant in NZ, not the first in the World.

I often wonder if geothermal could combine power production and thermal desalination. Pump in seawater and condense the steam for drinking. Is that already a thing?

@truhartwood3170

Жыл бұрын

Brilliant idea! Love it!

Excellent video! I suspect the next video will be about Quaize Energy's plan to drill very deep holes using millimeter waves instead of traditional drills that have a hard time drilling through very hot rock. As someone who spent 40 years in the electric utility industry, I think their solution is very good. Looking forward to seeing the results of their test drilling.

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

you are correct Dave :) just to break it up we'll likely target that for Q1 2023... cheers!

I like the Eavor tech it's a lot like current geothermal heating systems for the home. We just installed a 16kw solar system and have geothermal. It's great watching the meter spin backwards with the geothermal running. Yeah geothermal is something that can be done right now as an energy source unlike fusion which is always ten years in the future!

@crazydrifter13

Жыл бұрын

More like 20 lol

@DFPercush

Жыл бұрын

Are you talking about a ground source heat pump? That's not really geothermal in my book, but it's a good way to do it if you have the land and money to set it up.

@chrismaxny4066

Жыл бұрын

@@DFPercush Yes a GSHP but it is commonly called geothermal. No you don't need a lot of land to have it installed. As for the investment, because that's what it really is, it's money I would have had to payout anyway. So we invested the money and are getting a return of 10% a year with absolutely no risk of losing our investment. If you know of any other investment that can do the same with no risk I'm all ears. Anyway at today's energy prices the investment will have paid for itself in 11.6 years even accounting for the electricity used to run it. We've set up an account to deposit the savings each year so at the end of the time period mentioned above we will have all our money plus interest.

@justinw1765

Жыл бұрын

@@chrismaxny4066 Yeah, I'm trying to come up with a more simple and cheap way to do this for my home, by using a combo of super conducting pipes (essentially very large "heat pipes" like the ones used in computer systems to cool them), insulation, and rather than doing one large system, have micro systems that pump into individual rooms. The basic idea is (per mini system) to drill a few holes down around 10 feet, put the super conducting pipes in them, wrap initially copper tubing around them (then more insulating tubing connected), insulate most of the pipe and tubing (except for the bottom), and pump water through these to a small, well insulated tank in through windows to radiators + fans. Plan to use high powered pressure washer + wet/dry vac to make the mini bore holes. I know how to make vacuum insulated panels at home for pretty cheap, so I will probably use those to insulate the water tank. But I have to save up some money for this project, and more importantly, I have to get the spouse's permission since she is very "aesthetic" based and might veto having water tanks outside of windows and tubing going through the windows (even though we live off a private dirt road with mostly old people).

@corba197

9 ай бұрын

@Justinw1765: Can you please share how folks can build their own vacuum tubes, especially if they can be used for hot water collection. Thanks.

Sadly, some 20 years ago drilling in Basel Switzerland for geothermal power had to be abandoned as the drilling caused earthquakes…

I love it dude. The future is going to be awesome. Keep up the great work

I like geothermal also there is another company working on drilling with I think submilimetter waves that cut through rock easy and melts the stone a little

@chasemorgan2788

Жыл бұрын

I also saw this technology. not to mention another effort to clean our mistakes. There is a startup that is taking old oil wells and repurposing them for geothermal.

@Israel_Two_Bit

Жыл бұрын

@@chasemorgan2788 Can they do that with oil wells?

This Video is a reasoned and Well considered look at geothermal energy. There are two other technical reasons why it is currently under used. These are 1. Thermal conductivity of the crust and 2. The use of water as the extraction medium.. The first problem is that rock can only conduct so much heat per second. In the 1970's Icelandic engineers discovered that their expensive extraction vents were drying up! The cause was found to be the over extraction of heat from the underlying rock. Subsurface temperatures plummeted and slowly regained their original levels only after extraction was halted. Further expansion of the wells surface area temporarily relieved the problem but to this day the wells have never achieved their expected extraction performance. The problem with using water is that it boils at 100 degrees Celsius and this limits its use in liquid form. This is why steam is used instead. This is less efficient as the higher the steam temperature the lower the vapour density. or put another way, the hotter the steam, the fewer the water molecules per cubic centimetre can pass up a tube per second.. This increases vapour pressure but lowers effective thermal transfer as kinetic dispersion by the molecules via the conduit walls will cause energy loss. The problems can be solved by digging down to within 1Km of the Mohorovičić discontinuity layer and by using molten salt as the transfer medium but this introduces additional problems which the current state of technology is not ready for.

Maybe it would be complicated or require a second set of pipes, but you should be able to use GeoThermal for cooling as well. When it's 90-110 deg F outside, it'd be nice to use the cool earth 10-20 feet deep to cool our homes instead of AC. So hopefully GeoThermal has 3 uses; heating, generating electricity, and cooling.

This seems like the best solution. You should go to New Zealand to check out their hybrid systems (you wanted to travel). Geothermal also has one of the best life spans; some have been in continuous use for 100 years. This can mean long term lower costs I am not sure you calculated in your figures. One prime reason that Geothermal has not been widely used is it has rarely been implemented by private profit making firms. Where there is no profit no one has a motive to get attention to the topic; so I am glad you have made this effort. One might also ask; why don't we move our industries to where the power is.

@kentdesrochers4052

Жыл бұрын

Also check out the power plant at Chena Hot Springs in Alaska.

Big fan of geothermal. I'm looking at changing my home's HVAC to a geothermal system.

Great information Ricky. I used to live in Mexicali, Baja California, and you can find an old geothermal plant still in operation. I know that all the electricity produced there is sold to the USA. Keep up the great work.

I love the concepts that are presented by this channel, I'm a new subscriber and I have watched a few of the videos and so far so good, what I really value is the honesty, pointing out the bad as well as the good is to be commended, I wish more channels did the same.

@jimmack1071

Жыл бұрын

Anthony...good points

I think that Advanced Geothermal will be a great solution in the kit of energy solutions. At the moment, expense is the primary issue for investment. Other issues you mentioned are only issues with specific methods for geothermal. The closed loop system is in my opinion the best overall, but is more expensive up front. I also think that energy usage will continue to grow at a more geometric than linear rate as we move forward, so even this maxed out will not be enough.

@johnslugger

Жыл бұрын

And when you cooled the earths core we all die of radiation poisoning via Solar radiation and no more Aurora Borealis.

You do a good job making these videos 👏💥

I’m glad you included that last part about “cooling the earth too much”. Which was exactly what I was wondering, what if we slow down or stop plate tectonics? Glad you mentioned it.

Very interesting. Looking forward to your next presentation on the subject.. thanks

Great job at discussing the positive and negative aspects. Bless ya🙏

there is also a tech called Millimeter wave drilling that is in testing phase. They claim to dig deeper than 20 km in Earth's crust to get more temperature delta from Geothermal. Also they claim that drilling by this tech will be cheaper and sustainable.

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

we need to follow up on this!

@somsundarsrimany6941

Жыл бұрын

@@TwoBitDaVinci Quaise Energy

geo thermal works in some places, eg New Zealand and Italy. Both of these countries are volcanic/earthquake active. This is essentially "poking the beast", a very dangerous activity. In contrast, a much publicised geo thermal trial here in Australia failed because of temperatures too low to work for generation.

@briananthony4044

Жыл бұрын

Australia has lots of uranium but no enrichment plants. They should build the older CANDU plants that use natural U92. The newer plants use low enriched. Each plant is 900 MW

My local power company looked for a suitable geothermal spot but couldn't find one, so we continue to run mostly on hydropower. I thought it was funny at the time because we have numerous hot springs and several volcanoes nearby including one in the county. I think the rocks weren't fractured enough. Maybe they will try again with newer technology. For now we still get enough rain and wind to keep relying on hydro, but I noticed California had hydro until the reservoirs started drying up and maybe it's only seasonal down there now.

Deep geothermal is only necessary if you are convinced that high temps are needed. Lower temp conversions are possible, and you only need to get below the frost line (or heat line for hot climates).

@incognitotorpedo42

Жыл бұрын

If you want to make electricity, efficiency drops as the temperature difference between the hot reservoir and the surface gets lower. This is due to a fundamental rule of thermodynamics called Carnot inefficiency. If all you want to do is heat a house, then all you need is a heat pump and a loop near the surface.

East of Sparks Nevada there was a geothermal plant that sits abandoned. We recently drove past it on our way to California and there is a lot of activity at the site. No idea if it has anything to do with geothermal. I had a client in Roseville CA who built these plants and he said there were possibly insurmountable issues that needed to be overcome and the biggest had nothing to do with steam but I believe it had to do with dissolved minerals in the steam that made it hard on the turbines.

@Israel_Two_Bit

Жыл бұрын

I read there are a few other companies that are reusing old abandoned geothermal plants and repurposing the wells to build a new heat extraction mechanism that pumps water on the outside or two concentric pipes so it absorbs heat and then sucks it out through the central pipe. Perhaps that's what you saw?

@rogerstarkey5390

Жыл бұрын

@Bill Karoly This system uses a sealed pipe. No contamination.

I've been to The Geysers many times and the complex is stunning. They do use a multitude of several heat extraction tech. One of the problems is with dealing with mineral buildup in the lines.

Just wanted to comment that I greatly enjoy your you tube videos. keep up the good work.

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

Thank you Jeff!

You know the Kryptonians did this and it DESTROYED THEIR PLANET.... 🤪

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

is that what happened! I guess I was behind on my Kyrpton history! lol cheers

@thedailyreporter9275

Жыл бұрын

Superman runs on solar though

@derrekvanee4567

Жыл бұрын

@@thedailyreporter9275 superman runs on pure memes and lulz. Can anyone confirm?

@primistandem6781

Жыл бұрын

Lol, thought the same

@TheLosamatic

Жыл бұрын

It’s all probably good if, this is the big one all the wealthiest eat shit and die! Or start being the humble worthless people that can’t take care of themselves because they actually don’t know how to do anything! Now there are many that made their way to the top! Even they prospered from all productivity gains going to them instead of labor! So who deserves to die hungry? Turn the other mother fucking cheeks!!! Before it’s too late!

Geothermal is definitely picking up stream these days. Lots of investment and startups. Exciting stuff!

@markadowdy

Жыл бұрын

ISWYDT

Cant wait to hear more about geothermal tech.

@Israel_Two_Bit

Жыл бұрын

Yeah! Can't wait for that follow-up video!

Great presentation , this is So Important !! Thank You , Your work is incredibly IMPORTANT

AS DEMONSTRATED BY THE research at the caldera near Los Alamos, New Mexico there is a problem in the stability of the geological structure making the structure of the powerplant to heavy for the places closest to the flumes for high temperatures needed for the superheated steam to run the turbines.

All your videos are excellent looks like one man trying to save the world and actually doing so don't ever stop

@jcwoods2311

Жыл бұрын

Except most of his videos are about things that are at this time unattainable. Pie in the sky BS. Very well presented and a very likable guy to watch, but he only highlights the on paper positives and ignores or glosses over the negatives. Don't hold your breath.

Hopefully I’m not speaking to soon while still watching this. But there better be some “breakthrough “” discussed. Still waiting tho

@rogerstarkey5390

Жыл бұрын

1) Joining the boreholes. . 2) Lining the completed borehole. . There you go.

Nice update! Closed cycle plants that don't consume water or release contaminants is the way to go. Good job on showing why we aren't doing this now. At the moment, most electricity generation is boiling water to make steam - only solar and wind don't use water or steam. Hydro uses water but doesn't need to boil it. Glad to see new technology being developed to make geothermal more practical.

Great job on the video.

Excellent talk on geo thermal energy solutions. Hopefully many more such plants will come up all over the world and in India in particular. We have several geological areas where this technology can be used very profitably. 👍

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

hey Ajay , let's hope that happens!

@prashobh216

Жыл бұрын

Actually, wind and solar are not solutions at all because they are intermittent. I was working in the control room of a Power Company. We cannot have a sudden wind shortfall which can happen in minutes or a sudden cloud cover taking say 1GW away within minutes. How to back that up? If I call a combustion engine station to power up an extra engine, it takes 1.25 hour for it to start up and energize the grid. For a gas turbine it takes 45 minutes and for a coal power plant it takes 8 hours. So, the 1GW disappearing from the grid will cause blackouts. So, what is secretly happening is if you have a 1GW solar farm, the power company manager will instruct a 1GW of coal plant to run as a backup for when heavy clouds cover the solar farm, especially in equatorial Malaysia (where I am) where heavy clouds are a norm. You may ask why did they build the solar farm in the first place? The decision to build them is not from experienced electrical engineers. Such projects cost tons of money and only top politicians are authorized to make decisions on such high levels of money. Engineers are a very rare breed in politics worldwide. We tend to live relatively honest lives and therefore do not venture into the world of not being true to yourselves which is the political world. Hydro is perfect, it can energize the grid with up to 300MW of power within 20-30 seconds upon calling them. But not all places have the high-water flow plus mountains to make it feasible. I have long thought Geothermal is the perfect solution. It is not intermittent. In fact, it is so perfect I am wondering if there is a fossil industry worldwide hampering its development.

@acmefixer1

Жыл бұрын

@@prashobh216 The utility scale solar plants are built in areas where there are very few clouds for obvious reasons. The battery storage systems now being deployed can respond within milliseconds and eliminate gas turbine power plants that have to be on standby. As the system switches to renewables there will be more storage in the form of hydrogen with 3 to 6 times as much solar and wind to build up the supply of hydrogen to supply all the electricity while it's nighttime. The solar and wind are becoming the choice of power generation because they cost less than any other form of generation. It's about the money!

@prashobh216

Жыл бұрын

@@acmefixer1 The problem with people supporting intermittent solar and wind is that they do not study the real numbers. Europe has 10.2GW of battery storage which is enough for 1.4 minutes backup. By 2030 they will have storage for 11.7 minutes; obviously if anyone can buy batteries, it is the Europeans and why are they not doing so? It is because it is terribly expensive despite Europeans being the main manufacturers of all the high-end batteries. You can read Australia’s Chief scientist, Brett Cuthbertson’s article where he stated that the current world’s entire battery storage (mostly located in cars, trucks and motorcycles) can store electricity for 11.5 minutes. Tesla’s “Gigafactory” when in full production will produce batteries annually for just 47 seconds of electricity currently consumed. The current solar contribution to the worldwide electricity supply is 3.6% so it is not becoming, "a choice of power generation." As for hydrogen just pull up the KZread of what Elon Musk has to say about it.

@acmefixer1

Жыл бұрын

@@prashobh216 Your comparison is apples and oranges - it means nothing. Over 90% of energy storage is pumped hydro - that's what must be used. There are many hundreds of useable sites for this, some are abandoned open pit mines. SMRs are everyones' panacea, but new nuclear is too expensive. No utility is going to be ordering any new NPPs because they have multi-billion dollar cost overruns and decade long construction delays.

I think this is not a bad idea if holistically aproached... you should check The Venus Project from Jacque Fresco and Roxanne Meadows, would love to hear your thoughs on it in a video

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

Will do!

@TheHorseshoePartyUK

Жыл бұрын

The word 'holistic' has been forever ruined by a variety of New-Age Narcissists, be it regular Ultra-Left Anarcho-Communists, or the extremely anti-science, simultaneously Ultra-Left & Hard-Far Right 'Con-spirituality' movement. *N S D A P - H I P P I E S* . Change my mind.

Geothermal is great. But the big problem is how many of the places where they are to be used, often are active geological zones. About drilling through the oven, we now have capability of using laser/plasma to drill hot rock without grinding it with metal

Geothermal is useful, however not all areas are suitable for geothermal power due to the depth of the hot rock being too far down, given the fact that we are currently limited in the drilling technology we have, this is not likely to change any time soon for many areas, that's why there aren't geothermal power plants everywhere.

@sjsomething4936

Жыл бұрын

This is probably the upcoming video he teased about… look up Quaise Energy, they have a method of boring that uses millimetric wave technology which can go ridiculously deep (company claims 20km) and even produces a vitrified borehole (ie like a hole with a glass sheath as a natural outcome of the drilling process. I’m pretty optimistic that it will be a significant green energy technology capable of being used almost anywhere in the world.

@alanlight7740

Жыл бұрын

That hasn't been true for years. The oil industry developed the tech to drill very deep, to the point that with these other technologies geothermal is now viable most places around the world. That was the whole point of the video.

I love geothermal energy. It's amazing. I'd love it if we find a way to use it anywhere we want/need. Tidal energy is awesome too. Cloud seeding in areas of drought, advanced desalination plants powered off alternative energy options. I hope it all happens.

@Red-Raider

Жыл бұрын

Wait, usually in drought areas there are few clouds, hence the drought. Seeding produces very little rain anyway and is very expensive.

My totally amateur priority list / timeline for the electric grid: 1. Nuclear Fission for baseload as we increase all renewables and geothermal, at personal and grid scale. Hydrogen fuel for freight ships, trucking. 2. End of stage 1: Geothermal baseload, renewables and batteries, Hydrogen for freight ships and trucking. 3. Fusion Reactors eventually arrive and we reach Fully Automated Totally Sustainable Infinite Energy Luxury Global Gay & Straight Space Federalism. That's sort of like the Marxist daydream of Fully Automated Luxury Global Gay Space Communism, but we'll be allowed our own opinions, religious beliefs, cultures, nations and most importantly... *Thoughts* "Russian Communism is the illegitimate child of Karl Marx and Catherine the Great" - The legendary Labour Party Prime Minister of Post-WW2 Britain, Social Liberal, Social Democrat, Sir Clement Attlee. He Launched the NHS, Welfare State after the Liberal Party's beginnings of it, and also started freeing our former colonies. Did more for the world than racist anti-semitic womanising homophobe Karl Marx ever did, than Lenin ever achieved by using chemical weapons on peasant farmers, and of course, the horror that was Stalin.

@jamesbizs

Жыл бұрын

We have nuclear tech that already can solve all of our energy issues. Stop trying to reinvent the wheel

@davestagner

Жыл бұрын

You might want to actually read the book “Fully Automated Luxury Communism” before associating it with Stalinism.

@TheHorseshoePartyUK

Жыл бұрын

@@davestagner Why would I want to read anything by the Divisive Radical Leftist, Middle Class Marxist, Aaron Bastani and associated "Corbyn Did Nothing Wrong" cretins? Facts: Karl Marx was a casual racist anti-semite who said 'Jewish N' in his Letter to Engels 30th July 1862, also a womanising misogynist who cheated on his Noble Petit-Bourgeoisie wife regularly, had a secret son with his maid, who grew up largely estranged from his father Who also laughed with Engels about a rival German Socialist getting arrested for homosexual activity in 1869. He also had Engels regularly pay his rent since he'd spent his own money on booze and such. Facts: Lovely Laudable Lenin used chemical weapons against an anti-Bolshevik peasant uprising, the Tambov Rebellion. They were angry about his economic incompetence causing famines via 'forced collectivisation' and other Thatcher-esque ideological experiments. Facts: Stalin was a genocidally racist sexist homophobe who treated western homosexuals as 'Useful Idiots' whilst he made token gestures towards Jews whilst inciting hatred against them en masse. Facts: Jeremy Corbyn declared NATO trying to stop genocide-every-which-way in Yugoslavia to be 'evil western imperialists bullying smaller countries' Facts: Jeremy Corbyn said in 2014 that Poisonous Putin annexing Crimea with fake referendums at gunpoint was "Crimea and NATO's fault, after all Ukraine is full of Fascists" Aaron Bastani, Len McCluskey, Mementum, The Canary, Skawkbox and other 'independent news' are all C A N C E R on the Labour Party and working-class. Tory-in-disguise TANKIES. The Chartists, Robert Owen, and Clement Attlee did more for the poor of Britain and world, than mentally unstable drunkard Karl Marx ever did, or any of his modern day CULTISTS will ever achieve, due to their crab-bucket mentality being multiplied by victim mentality. "Russian Communism is the illegitimate child of Karl Marx and Catherine the Great" - Sir Clement Attlee

I’ve become a YIMBY lately so I’m all for any advancement which will enable us to lower GHG emissions while also spending less money. Based on my research, going partially in on geothermal energy does this. The cost savings doesn’t look like it works at first, until you realize that geothermal energy helps let us go all in on solar and wind generation because it solves the intermittency issue. So as a whole, our energy industry still saves money as a result.

@rogerstarkey5390

Жыл бұрын

"Yimby"? "YES! In MY back yard!!!" ?? Love it!! 😂😂👍👍

@ipp_tutor

Жыл бұрын

It's one of the only clean and renewable solutions for baseload power that doesn't require separate energy storage, so yeas! It's awesome

So Wise , Thank You . i hope that we can find a way to make them Efficicent

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

I hope so too

Random comment for channel interaction..

@beachcrow

Жыл бұрын

Random answer to supply energy for the algorithm.

@Israel_Two_Bit

Жыл бұрын

LOL!

If you're not talking about something that can be done by working class people you're wasting our time.

Thank you. I've been wondering for ten years why there wasn't a greater effort to at least drill deep and then piggy back the warmer temps down deep in ANY region with some other tech or two to create the energy needed to do steam/normal heat generation/etc. Appreciate your bringing this extremely green and cheap tech to more public awareness.

@scratchy996

Жыл бұрын

"why there wasn't a greater effort " - the answer is always 2 things : cost and political will. Now there are some companies who claim they can do it cheaper, with laser drill heads instead of conventional expensive diamond-tipped drill heads.

@Grandpa82547

7 ай бұрын

I toured the Equitable building in Portland, Oregon in 1964. They got all their heating and cooling from a well under the building. All the hot water came from a heat exchanger about the size of an oil drum. If they could do that 60 yrs ago, why aren't we doing it more and better today? P.S. The building was designed in the 1940's and finished in 1948. Shame on us! P.S. #2 I did some research and found that where I live, on the Oregon Coast, it would probably take about 50 years to recoup the cost of a geothermal well from reduced heating costs. Kind of a non-starter. (My kids won't live that long.) If the cost of natural gas tripled, the economics might begin to work out. It could happen.

The stretching and compressing of the earth causes the center to stay hot. The sun and the planets exert a lot of gravitational influence and so we don't have to worry about ever cooling off the earth too much unless we lose the rest of the solar system.

Great studio setup!

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

Thanks! been years in the making but its all coming together! I appreciate you!

I built a basement under our home, it remains cool in the summer, warm in the winter and safe from severe storms. This is such a basic affordable addition to homes in areas that are far enough from sea level.

The concepts are well worth exploring and developing

What Eavor has done is something that should have been done from the beginning. Closed-loop geothermal, where the water is piped through the pizza-oven-hot rocks at 1/4 of the way down into Earth’s crust and just piped back into the plant as steam without percolating into the rocks first, is a *long* overdue approach to this.

@Israel_Two_Bit

Жыл бұрын

Agreed. It must be hard, though, to perfectly align two separate boreholes. I think it's amazing that anyone pulled that off at all at 10Km depths

@rogerstarkey5390

Жыл бұрын

Should have been done, but those with the expertise had another form of "revenue"?

Luv your channel! I’ve been thinking about these things for all but the 1st decade of my 62 years. The problem with the closed system is: Does the heat transfer through the rock keep up with the energy extraction. Given that geothermal has worked for iceland for decades, one might think it was possible, but I suspect that a temperature equilibrium only occurs if the pipe is close to moving magma. It probably greatly limits location, unless drilling down close to the mantle. But, I’m not an expert, merely an industrial engineer. And, an old one at that.

@jimf2525

Жыл бұрын

Rethinking on this, geothermal should be used as much as possible, though it does cause transient global warming.

always like your videos..now we wanna know what this NEW geo thing is !!!!

I've been waiting for this topic to be presented! I have for some time now seen the mixture of geothermal and heatexchangers as the best way to heat our dwellings and work spaces, not to forget hot water. Electricity is best from hydroelectric sources. Iceland has electric power from their volcanic activity. It's not very effective all places, but if you have a heatexchanger, you can store heat in rock formations in the hot periods when you're cooling your home, and use it for heating when it's cold.. Etc , etc...

Thanks!

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

thank you Lawrence!

On visiting Iceland around 30 years ago, I was most impressed with the way geothermal energy had been harnessed in various places. From what I see on a few Icelandic videos on occasion, they have certainly increased dependency on this resource. In Britain, I remember they dabbled a bit in Cornwall some years ago. Cornwall is the most geothermically active spot in this country, but still lags far behind many other parts of the world. They had to dig down quite a long way to reach only reasonably hot water, and I don't think the experiment worked all that well.

@justinw1765

Жыл бұрын

For a lot of areas of the world, it makes A LOT more sense to do individual, shallow, direct energy systems for heating and cooling. For example, where I live (mid Atlantic region), if you dig down around 9 feet or so, you get a pretty constant temp of around 70* F year round, which is great for both cooling and heating. That's a lot of energy saved right there off the bat since heating and cooling tends to be the highest energy hog in a home. In my area, I would still have to use a couple dehumidifiers in the summer because it is rather humid here, but its still a lot less energy than a full whole home AC system.

Terrific presentation. I was familiar with geothermal for residences However this was the first commercial presentation and think it should be not just encouraged for the government but rammed down their throats

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

cheers Mark

Thank you.

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

You're welcome!

Another great video!

geothermal makes sense in the areas where wind & solar energy aren't available.... like canada. energy storage isn't an impossible problem. I would use a 2 stage approach. first- the main energy storage I would use is a CO2 membrane. during high solar & wind output- compressors on a closed loops system compress the co2 into a liquid. then, during the hours, or even MONTHS when there's not enough sunlight or wind- the co2 is released and turns a turbine, which spins a generator to make kwh's. this power then feeds a bank of tesla megapacks- a pack system just big enough to give the co2 system time to ramp up or down depending on demand- that way- the system is automated & extremely efficient. such a system scales EXTREMELY WELL- and is cheap.

IMO EGS (Enhanced Geothermal Systems) is dangerous because there could be some radioactive elements or poisonous ones (like arsenic) that can be realesed from the cracked rocks so there is a risk of contamination in combination with geoogical instability.

In before the last method is feeding a megawatt maser down a tungsten tipped waveguide into a borehole

Geothermal seems like the most promising path to me. A few more quirks to solve and it could be used basically anywhere on Earth, without need to extract non-renewable ressources. It just seems like the absolute best solution on paper. ...But I'm no specialist, so I should probably let the experts continue their work and wait until time tells which "new energy" will be the one that works best. Thank you for giving us the info that allows us to do just that.

I think the one you alluded to is the one that is going to work. Waiting to see that video!

Curious if the Yellowstone area could be a possible location for geothermal or could it be problematic?

@claudiaroy9455

Жыл бұрын

Great question, I’m curious as well.

@davekral7274

Жыл бұрын

Yellowstone would be good because the hot rock is very close to the surface, but with the new technologies coming it wouldn't be necessary to ruin the beauty of a National Park by building a power plant there. It will be much more effective to drill the geothermal holes next to existing fossil fuel plants and convert them to geothermal.

I believe it was 'Lets have a Think' that showed a drilling technology that didn't use mechanical drills or drilling mud. Instead some flavor of laser that turned the rock into glass as it drilled. It was also (by memory) 60 times cheaper to drill. Check it out because to me it seemed amazing, and Maaaaybe too good to be true??

Hawaii drilled a little too deep on the Big Island. The subsequent fracturing of the crust resulted in a massive volcanic eruption in 2019 that destroyed large areas of previously "safe neighborhoods".

Eavor said the did the math on could we drain all the core heat using geoThermal. They said according to their math our Sun would go cold before the core would. Disruptive Investing did a YT interview with them (very interesting) and the only problem I see is their not moving fast enough.

Geothermal can be used on the moon too to generate power during the lunar night. There's a near 200 deg. Temperature differential between the surface and underground temperaures

@ipp_tutor

Жыл бұрын

That's interesting.

Good video. I always wondered why this power source is ignored so much...

Going big comes with said issues. And those "tremors" are more like earth quakes. That's why geothermal only flies in regions that are used to this like parts of Italy or Island. The rest of Europe utilises it SMALL SCALE. As a way of heating ones house in the same way we use solar on our roofs.

Great video.

Recently scientists noted a gallium aluminum alloy capable of electrolysis of water (even untreated water) without any energy input, at ROOM TEMPERATURE. turns out the gallium part of it is indefinitely reusable (as a catalyst), look it up.

@kalrandom7387

Жыл бұрын

That I would very much like to know more about, since I can probably be also rolled into a desalination plant.

@derrekvanee4567

Жыл бұрын

No energy electrolisyse? Where do you put the electrons? Where do you get the electrons. Does not compute 404. I had a phase doing st home electrolysis for hho gas and fun and there's a lot of snakeoil around the sector.

WE NEED THIS!!!!

Carnot's principle dooms geothermal energy plants to be very low efficiency-- 16% or so, less than half the efficiency of fossil-fuel plants. That means that even if they are built at a large scale, with large turbines and pipes, the cost of which is considerable, you don't get much energy out as the hot side isn't that hot, like 250C or so. At those low percentages the cost of turbines, never low, becomes a significant part of the cost. In some situations also the large volume of liquid condensing results in considerable scale buildup and corrosion. Also significant is the issue that we rarely build large cities near large and hot fault zones, so the cost of getting the power to where it is needed often is a limiting factor. Japan and Iceland might be counterexamples, at a small scale.

@unholyrevenger72

Жыл бұрын

Except modern geothermal plants use the extracted hot water to boil a liquid with a lower boiling point to evaporate and run the turbines, which is condensed and pushed back into the system.

@rogerstarkey5390

Жыл бұрын

@@unholyrevenger72 Now steady on! Don't start coming in with expert answers to FUD! . It's not fair! 😂👍

@georgegonzalez2476

Жыл бұрын

@@unholyrevenger72 Even worse then. That extra cycle requires double the piping and heat exchangers and pumps plus it inevitably lowers the temperature difference even more. No free lunch.

I've never heard the term dry steam before. When I worked for a steam utility we refereed to steam that was not fully water saturated as superheated steam. Maybe these terms are synonymous. Superheated steam can be very dangerous as it cannot be seen at the point of a leak. The steam plume could be feet away from the actual leak, causing people to do some very dangerous things.

I work in Netherlands we are about to start a project and drill a geothermal well in a university once done the heat is small but enough to heat the whole of the university,, we are hoping this will be the gen , and the next energy source of the future 🙏

0:35 I believe the #1 reason is it has been incredibly expensive to drill deep enough through rock to make it cost effective. If we can substantially decrease this cost we have a near limitless supply of energy below our feet. This is something I have been interested in for decades.

@grapesofhypocrisy9842

Жыл бұрын

The new method he is mentioning is sonic drilling. You "hit" the rock till it melts and you end up with a stone pipe made of molten rock. It seals itself. Can't wait for the video.

@markmcafee2430

Жыл бұрын

My patent allows the proven drilling of a 12.5-inch-deep borehole at over 1,000 feet per minute using abrasive jet boring.

Harvesting geothermal at escape points like geysers is one thing, but drilling opens an opportunity for unintended consequences. You rightly mention acceleration of cooling the core, but throw in uneven cooling of the core as well. Lunar orbit drives the molten iron core tides in a largely contained spherical shell. What happens when that shell is no longer spherical as a result of uneven cooling? What happens to the magnetosphere? How many of our issues today are the result of humanity not fully realizing the long term consequences of their actions? This sounds like a prime opportunity to not realize our mistake until it is late and difficult to fix.

@pusokongpinas6965

Жыл бұрын

I was thinking of this for the whole time and on top releasing more heat into an already troubled atmosphere, almost like a doubled edged sword!

1:18 - Very little fission (there _is_ spontaneous fission, and also stray neutrons, but still), just decay of unstable isotopes.

Disused coal mines in my country have filled with water over the years and have become synthetic hot springs, the water that is heated at the lower depths rises to the top and can be used to heat homes using some heat exchangers and a heat pump depending on the depth of the old mine. The issue is getting the money to build the infrastructure, the government is far more concerned with building new natural gas power plants than investing any money in sources of energy we don't need to import, the idea of turning old coal mines into green energy fascinates me. My country was the first industrialized country in the world, and there is something beautiful about the idea of turning our carbon legacy into a green future.

Big Oil is why we haven't spent more time and money on this. The oil magnates know that solar and wind can only cover gaps in the grid, instead of replacing it. Geothermal could be THE source of power.

@TwoBitDaVinci

Жыл бұрын

fair

@ipp_tutor

Жыл бұрын

It could also be THEIR (Big Oil's) source of power and revenue in an oil-depleted, carbon-free future.

Awesome exploration of a really exciting energy source. I am far more excited about it that I am about nuclear solutions, including fusion, simply because it could be a far more affordable solution for many more countries, or consortium's (hopefully civil or charity based) than anything else. And if you are hinting at a fusion-based drilling option, as another solution to extracting geothermal heat from the earth, yes, I agree, it looks very interesting and I am really looking forward to the results of some test that are being run in the US at present. If it can be shown to be safe, reliable, and cost-effective, then it will be a real game-changer, and that's for sure. Thanks for sharing and I'm look forward to your next video... :-)

@rogerstarkey5390

Жыл бұрын

I might wholeheartedly agree.... *IF* If Fusion was available. . If (any) nuclear didn't take multiple decades per project. If "new" nuclear (SMR etc) was even at the "prototype working" stage, with the promise of shorter construction? (Dissect the Rolls Royce SMR timeline.... 25 + yrs for 16 small reactors🤔) . If it wasn't more expensive to construct. . If the resultant energy wasn't (very!) expensive. . If there weren't probable "geopolitical issues" preventing access to *every" country. . BUT..... All of the above are "a thing" So, sorry.

@ipp_tutor

Жыл бұрын

Totally agree. Geothermal is like the holy grail of energy. The sun will have died and engulfed the Earth as it swells into a red giant millions of years before scientists predict the earth's core would cool off and solidify, so we've got more than plenty to go around.

6:35 "To understand what it is ... we'll have to go a little bit deeper..." I'm sure that is the case.

Thanks for sharing your videos. Long time fan of geothermal energy. I have thought a closed loop solution would be the way to go, glad to hear it’s in the works and am looking forward to seeing your continuing video. The only downside to geothermal is it locks us down to our planet and could hinder the development of the types of nuclear technology that will be needed to become a space faring society. But that’s probably the least of our worries.

I envision, in my SiFi mind, in the future we have mechanical 3 ft long “bugs” that burrow into the earth, finding the path of least resistance to make their way down to where it’s hot. These “bugs” contain what is needed to convert the heat into electricity within themselves and send it directly up to the surface through the attached electric cable. That’s the beauty of SiFi, I don’t have to work out the details and since we can just imagine the technical evolution that took place through the process of time.