The Most Intimidating Integral I've Ever Seen

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This Putnam Series was given on the Putnam exam in 1997 (Problem A3). Let's figure out a way to deal with this Putnam problem!
For those that don't know, the Putnam math competition features some super interesting and challenging problems!
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Disclaimer: This video is for entertainment purposes only and should not be considered academic. Though all information is provided in good faith, no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, is made with regards to the accuracy, validity, reliability, consistency, adequacy, or completeness of this information.
Putnam 1997 A3
Putnam Exam 1997 A3
#math #brithemathguy #putnam

Пікірлер: 259

  • @BriTheMathGuy
    @BriTheMathGuy9 ай бұрын

    🎓Become a Math Master With My Intro To Proofs Course! www.udemy.com/course/prove-it-like-a-mathematician/?referralCode=D4A14680C629BCC9D84C

  • @blackpenredpen
    @blackpenredpen3 жыл бұрын

    Beautiful presentation! Love it!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much!

  • @joshuasusanto6626

    @joshuasusanto6626

    3 жыл бұрын

    Wonderful! Simply wonderful! This I'm placing on my journal to sleep.

  • @adritobiswas1982

    @adritobiswas1982

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yup

  • @RisetotheEquation
    @RisetotheEquation3 жыл бұрын

    Outstanding. Sometimes I wonder who's more impressive: the student who solved the integral or the person who conjured it.

  • @farukkaya4396
    @farukkaya43963 жыл бұрын

    Arms getting bigger, so is the channel!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    😂😅

  • @flintsteel2700
    @flintsteel27003 жыл бұрын

    The echo is a little jarring but nonetheless still a beautiful solution to such an intimidating integral! Good stuff

  • @sujitdey1717

    @sujitdey1717

    3 жыл бұрын

    And i thought i was the one who felt something was different.

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Sorry about that! It should be fixed in the future.

  • @sujitdey1717

    @sujitdey1717

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@BriTheMathGuy no problem the math was great as always. Love you and your content. 💙.

  • @archieharrodine3925
    @archieharrodine39253 жыл бұрын

    That feeling when n factorial cancels

  • @yohangross5518
    @yohangross55183 жыл бұрын

    That's a very very beautiful way of solving a particularly intimidating integral, you just won a suscriber

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much!

  • @MrThrashMan98
    @MrThrashMan983 жыл бұрын

    Watching these videos makes me realize that my hunger for scientific knowledge is still stronger and bigger than my fatigue after a full-time, warehouse-assistant working day.

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    We all crave it! Thanks for watching after your tough day!

  • @victorhernandez-eg7wp
    @victorhernandez-eg7wp3 жыл бұрын

    That was so insightful. I have never dealt with an integral like that, but now I am confident that if I ever see one, not to panic. Thank you! I really enjoyed this video.

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Wonderful!

  • @lucas0m0james
    @lucas0m0james2 жыл бұрын

    Very nice presentation! To be absolutely rigorous though, it'd be nice to mention that each of the series converge for all positive x (ratio test) and that the sum and integral can be interchanged (e.g. tonelli's theorem)

  • @yousifkhalil9655
    @yousifkhalil96553 жыл бұрын

    Watched to the end, liked, saved to favorite math playlist, already subscribed, there isn't just anything left to do.

  • @shivam5105

    @shivam5105

    3 жыл бұрын

    Become a Putnam fellow

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Wow thank you so much!

  • @aashsyed1277

    @aashsyed1277

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@BriTheMathGuy me too!!!!!!!!!!!!

  • @thegodoflols
    @thegodoflols2 жыл бұрын

    Phenomenal!! Your way of presenting a problem is mind-blowing. Discussing the possible methods in a step, how to start solving it, best approach ... Everything illustrates how good you are in math and throws light on the beauty of math

  • @tmsniper9229
    @tmsniper92292 жыл бұрын

    5:11 i think swapping the integral and the infinite sum there requires using the dominated convergence theorem(if we think about it rigorously), very good presentation overall

  • @SaidVSMath
    @SaidVSMath3 жыл бұрын

    Your videos kick ass man, I want to make ones just like them! I love this fast paced but concise format

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much! Best of luck!!

  • @rishavchoudhuri8806
    @rishavchoudhuri88063 жыл бұрын

    Subscribed!! Brilliant way of solving the integral as well as presenting it. Loved the video!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Awesome, thank you!

  • @manucitomx
    @manucitomx3 жыл бұрын

    Wow! What a great way with words! I love your channel.

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much! Have a great day!

  • @eduardoduque6288
    @eduardoduque62882 жыл бұрын

    What a tremendous exposition! New subscriber! Thank you for your material! 🌹🔥

  • @kummer45
    @kummer452 жыл бұрын

    The format of black screen, the math in all the details and the clean process with all the steps makes these series of tutorial useful.

  • @arnavsoni1701
    @arnavsoni17013 жыл бұрын

    You really should become a math professor....

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Currently an instructor (no Phd)😅

  • @arnavsoni1701

    @arnavsoni1701

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@BriTheMathGuy great!!!

  • @aloneworm7
    @aloneworm72 жыл бұрын

    4:15 When he said "we still have some exes lingering about' , I felt that

  • @yusufdenli9363
    @yusufdenli93633 жыл бұрын

    That was amazing👏👏 Congratulations

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much!!

  • @PunmasterSTP
    @PunmasterSTP3 жыл бұрын

    This was amazing; thank you so much for sharing!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you enjoyed it!

  • @maxkempf7687
    @maxkempf76873 жыл бұрын

    That is a suprisingly beautiful result! Thank you for covering this in a video. :D

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    My pleasure!

  • @majdsaleh_
    @majdsaleh_ Жыл бұрын

    You release that you're good at math when u start watching the contents in x2

  • @mehex9858
    @mehex98583 жыл бұрын

    By looking at that integral, I instantly understood that I would not be able to solve it if I try. *And I was not disappointed*

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    2 жыл бұрын

    😂

  • @diegopablogordillovaras106
    @diegopablogordillovaras1062 жыл бұрын

    Beautiful problem, and very beautiful answer. Using the sum representation of the exponential function and the Gamma function… what a ride haha. Love your channel!!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    2 жыл бұрын

    Many thanks!

  • @marble17
    @marble17 Жыл бұрын

    2:18 My dirty brain just hears a curse word

  • @yoav613
    @yoav6133 жыл бұрын

    Your videos are so fun to watch.😃

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you like them!

  • @yomonsbuzz4978
    @yomonsbuzz49783 жыл бұрын

    i appreciate this hope that maths will be fun and famous like nothing before once

  • @kafianan6586
    @kafianan65863 жыл бұрын

    The way you explain, makes these intimidating integrals seem easier

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you think so! Have a great day!

  • @ianbryant
    @ianbryant2 жыл бұрын

    I like that you get into the math immediately

  • @sicapanjesis3987
    @sicapanjesis39873 жыл бұрын

    Your presentation of the solution always gets me. My best wishes to you and please please continue

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, I will!

  • @kinshuksinghania4289
    @kinshuksinghania42893 жыл бұрын

    Wow!! Absolutely marvelous!!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! Cheers!

  • @yahav897
    @yahav8973 жыл бұрын

    I really enjoy these videos! Can't wait to start taking higher level maths in uni

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    I'm so glad!

  • @lizs004
    @lizs0043 жыл бұрын

    Such a great video!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you liked it!!

  • @maximevanderbeken4712
    @maximevanderbeken47123 жыл бұрын

    Nice proof ! Now you just need to justify swapping the sum and the integral.. as it cannot always be done .

  • @santiago_moralesduarte

    @santiago_moralesduarte

    3 жыл бұрын

    The sum converges to less than e^(u/2)

  • @purim_sakamoto
    @purim_sakamoto3 жыл бұрын

    うおおおお Bravo!! めっちゃくちゃわかりやすかったです!!!😍😍😍👍👍👍

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much!

  • @ashishraje5712
    @ashishraje57122 жыл бұрын

    Great u make maths lucid

  • @rotsovanvorleak4704
    @rotsovanvorleak47042 жыл бұрын

    Such the one of the best teacher ever

  • @muse0622
    @muse06223 жыл бұрын

    I can explain this integral just one word. WOW

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    🤯

  • @tomkerruish2982
    @tomkerruish29823 жыл бұрын

    The second power series (1 + x²/2² + ...) equals the the Bessel function of the first kind J_0 evaluated at ix, although I don't know how that would be helpful in this problem.

  • @angelmendez-rivera351

    @angelmendez-rivera351

    2 жыл бұрын

    It would be helpful if you are familiar with the Bessel functions, since they satisfy many integral equations.

  • @djridoo
    @djridoo3 жыл бұрын

    So good video !

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much!

  • @dharrshanmahadevan9450
    @dharrshanmahadevan94502 жыл бұрын

    i have no clue what he is talking about but i still love it

  • @ArjunBhanap
    @ArjunBhanap3 жыл бұрын

    Incredible explanation!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you think so!

  • @scotttidwell262
    @scotttidwell2622 жыл бұрын

    Great video, thanks Bri. What program are you using for the text?

  • @loshwoof311
    @loshwoof3112 жыл бұрын

    cool integral, great video:D

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    2 жыл бұрын

    Glad you liked it!

  • @blazedinfernape886
    @blazedinfernape8863 жыл бұрын

    Beautiful. I am so proud of myself that I solved it on my own. Edit: Okay maybe I didn't solve it completely correct lol I messed up a 2^r and got the answer e instead of sqrt(e)........ that is fine right!?!?!

  • @Rzko

    @Rzko

    3 жыл бұрын

    no

  • @nikhilnagaria2672

    @nikhilnagaria2672

    2 жыл бұрын

    yes

  • @10-year-oldcalculus19

    @10-year-oldcalculus19

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yesn’t

  • @georgeryandev2103

    @georgeryandev2103

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yes, making mistakes is good for the growth of math skills.

  • @frankreashore
    @frankreashore3 жыл бұрын

    Very nice. Thanks.

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Most welcome!

  • @romanoemmanuelle1967
    @romanoemmanuelle19673 жыл бұрын

    Beautiful!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you enjoyed it!

  • @malexmartinez4007
    @malexmartinez40073 жыл бұрын

    The awkward moment when a solution is as pretty as the one presenting it.

  • @aayushsinghsengar7129
    @aayushsinghsengar71293 жыл бұрын

    this goes way beyond advanced level of that pesky JEE

  • @dfsfssdfsdfs3084

    @dfsfssdfsdfs3084

    3 жыл бұрын

    Really? I thought the advanced JEE was the hardest test

  • @viniciusmoretti
    @viniciusmoretti2 жыл бұрын

    You say that to all of them.

  • @axbs4863
    @axbs48632 жыл бұрын

    That worked out so perfectly lmao

  • @kangmoabel
    @kangmoabel2 жыл бұрын

    This video is sooooo Good ❤❤ from Ethiopia, Africa

  • @adithyar4282
    @adithyar42823 жыл бұрын

    bro pls make more videos on putnam integrals .They are really interesting. Thank you in advance

  • @hydropage2855
    @hydropage28552 жыл бұрын

    This is awesome

  • @tueur2squall973
    @tueur2squall9733 жыл бұрын

    5:05 why can we do this ? Permute the sum and the integral? Is it because the sum is converging uniformly on [0,+infinity] ?

  • @BrollyyLSSJ

    @BrollyyLSSJ

    3 жыл бұрын

    I'd say dominated convergence theorem, with something like exp(-u+u/2) = exp(-u/2) being the integrable dominant.

  • @Rzko

    @Rzko

    3 жыл бұрын

    The integral of the sum is the sum of the integrals because the integral is a linear function. Then you just put out of the integral the terms that don't have 'u', which means they are constants.

  • @tueur2squall973

    @tueur2squall973

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@Rzko U can do this when Everything is finite , I mean when the sum is finite , but when It's a series (infinite sum) , you need more argument : you need to know if the sum is converging , how it's converging in order to switch the sum with the integral

  • @tueur2squall973

    @tueur2squall973

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@Rzko And yeah Thank you , I did understand the following steps

  • @Rzko

    @Rzko

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@tueur2squall973 are you sure about that? An infinite sum is just the limit of a partial sum (idk if we say like that in english)

  • @mohammedal-haddad2652
    @mohammedal-haddad26523 жыл бұрын

    Incredible!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you thought so!

  • @deekshanaik2438
    @deekshanaik24382 жыл бұрын

    I lost track for the first few times but I'm glad I understood this in the end :)

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    2 жыл бұрын

    it's a tricky one! :) thanks for watching!

  • @deekshanaik2438

    @deekshanaik2438

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@BriTheMathGuy yea your vids are quite interesting... Who knew a bio nerd like me would binge math questions some day... Thanks for ur efforts

  • @user-wy3mr6nj6w
    @user-wy3mr6nj6w3 жыл бұрын

    Amazing!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    You are!

  • @manojsurya1005
    @manojsurya10053 жыл бұрын

    🤩, it was a crazy integral, it involved power series gamma u sub,I want more integrals like this

  • @EssentialsOfMath
    @EssentialsOfMath3 жыл бұрын

    Nice, I was able to do this one! Really awesome integral

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Great job!

  • @kummer45
    @kummer452 жыл бұрын

    Use double factorials. These are useful.

  • @normanfrancisco2063
    @normanfrancisco20633 жыл бұрын

    Woah!!! Mind blown...

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    🤯

  • @nqa1893
    @nqa18933 жыл бұрын

    Always awesome like you are :-)

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    You're the best!

  • @minecraftherobrine1234
    @minecraftherobrine12343 жыл бұрын

    This is so good

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you thought so!

  • @braedenlarson9122
    @braedenlarson91222 жыл бұрын

    I love watching *other* people do integrals :)

  • @Observer_detector
    @Observer_detector3 жыл бұрын

    hmmmm.. that integral can simplify like ʃ (1-x*exp(-x^2))*BesselI(0,x) dx and BesselI(0,x) is modified Bessel Function of the First kind

  • @atrumluminarium
    @atrumluminarium3 жыл бұрын

    That was quite an aesthetic one

  • @holyshit922
    @holyshit9222 жыл бұрын

    For the first factor I did the following pulled out x, substituted u=-x^2/2 For the second factor i have got second order linear differential equation but not with constant coefficients xy''+y'-xy=0 Second factor will probably be Bessel function but when we get first factor Gamma function will be helpful

  • @Diaming787
    @Diaming7873 жыл бұрын

    Is there a Taylor series expansion that expands to the factor of (n!)^2?

  • @henryginn7490
    @henryginn74902 жыл бұрын

    I hear so much stuff about the Putnam being ridiculously hard, but every step here was the most obvious thing to do given the current stage. Like it's not something you just scribble down in a hurry, but it's something I imagine most mathematically experienced people could do. Lovely presentation though

  • @endormaster2315
    @endormaster23153 жыл бұрын

    Incredible

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you thought so!

  • @tommoritz1007
    @tommoritz10073 жыл бұрын

    That was so enjoyable

  • @puceno
    @puceno Жыл бұрын

    at 3:30 u had a chance to turn that sum into e^2x*sum(n=0,infinity,1/2^2n)

  • @pamir8232
    @pamir82323 жыл бұрын

    The second part can also be written as (x^n)^2 / ((2^n)^2 * (n!)^2) and we can take the entire term into square like (x^n / 2^n * n!) ^2 which we can write as ((x^n/2^n)/n!)^2 = ((x/2)^n /n!) ^2 so we can put it into e^x form like (e^(x/2))^2 which basically is e^x.

  • @violintegral

    @violintegral

    Жыл бұрын

    You made a mistake. In general, given a sequence a_n, the sum of (a_n)^2 is not equal to (the sum of a_n)^2

  • @quantumgaming9180
    @quantumgaming91803 жыл бұрын

    Mathematics always blows up my mind

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    🤯

  • @aashsyed1277
    @aashsyed12773 жыл бұрын

    You did a HARD putnum problem in 6 minutes! So impressed ! I think you are a genius !

  • @magicmulder

    @magicmulder

    3 жыл бұрын

    He explained the solution in 6 minutes. No telling how long it took him to find the solution.

  • @aashsyed1277

    @aashsyed1277

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@magicmulder no but at least he is a genius .........

  • @magicmulder

    @magicmulder

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@aashsyed1277 He is very good, but most math students could solve that one. Genius is rare. Very rare.

  • @azurev2258
    @azurev22588 ай бұрын

    it's crazy how something that looks absolutely nasty like this can simplify down into √e at the end

  • @felipegomabrockmann2740
    @felipegomabrockmann27403 жыл бұрын

    that was pretty cool

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you thought so!

  • @polychromaa
    @polychromaa2 жыл бұрын

    Are there any other places where i could find an integral like this with two sums multiplied together in the integrand?

  • @spsubjectparaphrased8377
    @spsubjectparaphrased83772 жыл бұрын

    Simplified results are beauty gives extraterrestrial vibes.

  • @daphenomenalz4100
    @daphenomenalz41003 жыл бұрын

    Why do we always end up at gamma in these types of problems 😂,

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    I don't know! 😂

  • @a.osethkin55
    @a.osethkin553 жыл бұрын

    Super!

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! Cheers!

  • @aakashkhamaru9403
    @aakashkhamaru94032 жыл бұрын

    Amazing.

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! Cheers!

  • @jakewenczkowski1056
    @jakewenczkowski10563 жыл бұрын

    Awesome

  • @ashikak5743
    @ashikak57433 жыл бұрын

    Intimidating ❤️

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    😬

  • @iamtrash288
    @iamtrash2883 жыл бұрын

    Does the second series converge on 0 to INF though? I can't really see it because I suck at evaluating them functional series.

  • @umylten4142

    @umylten4142

    3 жыл бұрын

    The second series absolutely converges. If I call U(n) = {x^(2n)}/{[2^(2n)]*(n!)^2}, then you have: U(n+1)/U(n) = {x^2}/{4(n+1)^2}, which converges to 0 as n -> infinity, for all x in (0, infinity). By the ratio test, that series converges.

  • @PixelSergey
    @PixelSergey3 жыл бұрын

    This one was very beautiful

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you thought so!

  • @shehnazsalahuddin6053
    @shehnazsalahuddin60533 жыл бұрын

    I like your videos very much. One tiny suggestion though- can you slow down your speed while explaining such problems. You go very fast, which is problematic to understand what you are saying. I mean, before even I understand the concept you told, you move to another concept.

  • @ARBB1
    @ARBB13 жыл бұрын

    Nice answer

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you thought so!

  • @Nikolas_Davis
    @Nikolas_Davis3 жыл бұрын

    1:21, you can't use the same summation variable for the two sums, 2nd one should be 'm', or whatever, but not 'n'.

  • @manateepink9100

    @manateepink9100

    3 жыл бұрын

    Wrong, those aren't nested sums, it's a product of sums, meaning the variable names do not share the same scope and therefore cannot collide.

  • @victorribera5796
    @victorribera57962 жыл бұрын

    can you cancel the x, in the same quick step where you cancel the 2^n?? since one of the limits of integration is 0 you would have a 0/0 in x, I'm not sure if it is allowed to cancel out the x there

  • @raunak1147
    @raunak11473 жыл бұрын

    I got the first sum. But was clueless about what to do with (n!)^2... Subbing x^2/2=u was brilliant bruh

  • @alienbroccoli8296
    @alienbroccoli82963 жыл бұрын

    Satisfying Answer

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    I think so too!

  • @YT-uo7fc
    @YT-uo7fc3 жыл бұрын

    why echo?

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    Sorry about that! It should be fixed in the future.

  • @fasihullisan3066
    @fasihullisan30663 жыл бұрын

    awesome

  • @God-ld6ll
    @God-ld6ll3 жыл бұрын

    integradating

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    😂

  • @sujalsalgarkar360
    @sujalsalgarkar3603 жыл бұрын

    These vedios are really good but I want to a one on some mathematical concepts or theory.

  • @BriTheMathGuy

    @BriTheMathGuy

    3 жыл бұрын

    I'll do my best!

  • @aaryanjogina
    @aaryanjogina Жыл бұрын

    I liked this