The Linux Filesystem Explained | How Each Directory is Used

Ғылым және технология

This video will give you an overview of the top-level directories found on most Linux systems. We'll go over how some of the common top-level directories are used, and explain their specific purposes within Linux.
Chapters:
0:00 - Intro
0:44 - Linux Filesystem Explained
2:06 - /bin/
2:35 - /boot/
2:54 - /dev/
3:52 - /etc/
4:35 - /home/
5:25 - /lib/
6:07 - /lost+found/
6:18 - /media/
6:52 - /mnt/
7:19 - /opt/
7:42 - /proc/
8:27 - /root/
8:46 - /run/
9:04 - /sbin/
9:38 - /srv/
10:11 - /sys/
10:36 - /tmp/
11:00 - /usr/
12:12 - /var/
12:48 - Further Information
13:39 - Outro
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#Linode #Linux #CommandLine #FileStructure
Product: Linode, Linux, Directories; @VeronicaExplains;

Пікірлер: 253

  • @k00bly26
    @k00bly2610 ай бұрын

    The best explanation of the Filesystem I've seen and by now. Thanks Veronica for explaining

  • @elddr2
    @elddr22 жыл бұрын

    Wow! Just wow! This was amazingly explained! Will recommend this video 100%

  • @whoguy4231
    @whoguy4231 Жыл бұрын

    This is something EVERY linux YT channel MUST cover !!! .... Thank You lovely lady

  • @bornsonoran
    @bornsonoran Жыл бұрын

    This is my 4th time watching. I absolutely love how you breakdown the file system. You make learning Linux very understandable for me.

  • @JarrodMcKitterick
    @JarrodMcKitterick2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, Veronica. Will be sharing your Linux filesystem explanation to all my newbie Linux friends. This video is Awesome and so are you!

  • @MikeWood
    @MikeWood2 жыл бұрын

    For some reason I never saw this when it was first posted. Really good info which I had in one spot when I was first learning Linux. Nicely done.

  • @salkjshaweoiuenvohvr
    @salkjshaweoiuenvohvr2 жыл бұрын

    Veronica is awesome! I've struggled to understand the file system every time I ever tried Linux and you explained it only once and now I finally understand it! Thank you!!!

  • @Alex-fl2yh

    @Alex-fl2yh

    2 жыл бұрын

    I agree. Does she have an own channel? edit it is linked, nevermind

  • @gg-gn3re

    @gg-gn3re

    2 жыл бұрын

    Just like windows, 90% of them aren't ever used by users

  • @mortenlund1418

    @mortenlund1418

    2 жыл бұрын

    She is awesome a lot

  • @MartinJaszczuk
    @MartinJaszczuk2 жыл бұрын

    This is an excellent and concise video. Some previous knowledge required, but NICE!

  • @threadtapwhisperer5136
    @threadtapwhisperer51362 жыл бұрын

    Remember, pressing the TAB key will auto complete the most likely completion. Speed the file path entry in terminal by at least 30 percent.

  • @AndersJackson

    @AndersJackson

    2 жыл бұрын

    And shortcut keys are from Emacs.

  • @stephenweishaar9058

    @stephenweishaar9058

    2 жыл бұрын

    Been using Linux for nearly 15 years, and I literally only learned this ..... earlier this week! So useful!!!

  • @MasterHigure

    @MasterHigure

    Жыл бұрын

    Depending on what shell you're using, but Bash and most other common shells will tab-autocomplete as far as it can autocomplete unambiguously, not to the most likely completion. There is a substantial difference between the two.

  • @pac-sjwepnic8131
    @pac-sjwepnic8131 Жыл бұрын

    I really appreciate this video. the basics explanation is enough to get started. Helps me think in the right direction when something happens. Thanks Veronica.

  • @Michael201078
    @Michael2010782 жыл бұрын

    The best explanation of Linux folders. Just great!

  • @blackchristiangeek
    @blackchristiangeek Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the tutorial. I have taken a lot of notes and I clearly have a lot more to learn about Linux basics :-) Also, it was interesting to see someone (you) for the first time that I have been listening to for a long time. Thus, I listen to far more podcasts than I watch KZread videos. Again, thanks and God bless

  • @joojay328
    @joojay3282 ай бұрын

    The best video explaining the filesystem, breaking it down. THANK YOU!

  • @ramial-saadi3113
    @ramial-saadi31132 жыл бұрын

    " I assure you that the original contents of /etc were the "et cetera" that didn't seem to fit elsewhere. Other variants might do their own etymologies differently. " " You can find references to "et cetera" in old Bell Labs UNIX manuals and so on - it's used for system configuration, but it used to be where all the stuff that didn't fit into other directories went. "

  • @atreusduvelll600
    @atreusduvelll6002 жыл бұрын

    Great to see you on this channel Veronica! I always love your videos, especially the ones where you demystify some big topics like this. 👍

  • @terminalreset7659
    @terminalreset76592 жыл бұрын

    Excellent video! Thanks! Made it easy to get a good understanding of the file system.

  • @jaminoes_
    @jaminoes_2 жыл бұрын

    NOTE: /home is more akin to C:\Users in Windows, rather than C:\Users\WHATEVER\Documents

  • @DominicDeligann

    @DominicDeligann

    2 жыл бұрын

    yeah, i was about to comment this too.

  • @TheTransporter007

    @TheTransporter007

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yeah, it's a painfully horrendous error.

  • @leonidas14775

    @leonidas14775

    Жыл бұрын

    "C:\Documents and Settings\account\My Documents\"

  • @DistrosProjects

    @DistrosProjects

    Жыл бұрын

    @@leonidas14775 not since XP afaik, they changed it

  • @monikagaikwad7303

    @monikagaikwad7303

    Жыл бұрын

    @@leonidas14775 1 G1

  • @thedarkknight4243
    @thedarkknight4243 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much Linode and especially Veronica for explaining Linux System. Please do more videos on the Linux system and Linux Server Administration, much appreciated. Thanks

  • @pfloydphanatic
    @pfloydphanatic2 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the fun and helpful video! I just took a Linux class and wow what a lot of information. Have like a 30+ page word doc of all commands and another one for all of the directories. It will be a while until I take my Linux+ exam! I told the instructor that I think I know more about the Linux system than Windows now. He's my scripting teacher too for the summer. Think this one's going to be rough...

  • @ZekeLawl
    @ZekeLawlАй бұрын

    I’m not a sysadmin but as a new Linux user just to replace windows this is very helpful. Thank you

  • @lecomtegaetan8120
    @lecomtegaetan8120 Жыл бұрын

    ... Thank you so much T_T .I had always been looking for THIS content somewhere about the filesystem but explained that way with important things added while in the stream just enough to keep looking for informations more deeply.

  • @GPEART1
    @GPEART17 ай бұрын

    The symbolic links information was great to learn, thank you!

  • @hudsonriverlee
    @hudsonriverlee5 ай бұрын

    Incredibly informative video. Wow. I am stunned at how little I know and knew and now feel my eyes opened... my Linux Mint machine is only for Ham radio use .. so very few programs other than Ham radio related programs will be required.. knowing the how and where is a huge help. Well lit videos with good audio and a confident presenter are key ! Well done !!

  • @andrespasso8511
    @andrespasso85112 жыл бұрын

    loved that gameboy on the background !

  • @umarhussain9334
    @umarhussain93342 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for these videos really helpful

  • @asdf51501
    @asdf515012 жыл бұрын

    Good info, well presented. Thanks for the video!

  • @asaskald
    @asaskald2 жыл бұрын

    Veronica's channel is so fun and wholesome and now she's on Linode's channel? Excellent! Thanks, Veronica!

  • @vwbond

    @vwbond

    2 жыл бұрын

    What is the name of her channel 🤔

  • @asaskald

    @asaskald

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@vwbond Veronica Explains it All.

  • @mrd4233
    @mrd42332 жыл бұрын

    I think this one is the best linux quality explanation on yt!!

  • @CeliniaGava
    @CeliniaGava2 жыл бұрын

    I hope you will expand beyond Linode, you are WONDERFUL at explaining linux

  • @mariyambeevi9896

    @mariyambeevi9896

    Жыл бұрын

    M

  • @pinkipandey2402

    @pinkipandey2402

    11 ай бұрын

  • @joel6471
    @joel64712 жыл бұрын

    Well Explained. Thank you for your efforts.

  • @Joe-km1vs
    @Joe-km1vsАй бұрын

    I’m new to Linux, this is only the second video of yours that I’ve seen, and I think your videos teaching Linux are some of the best I’ve seen! Very clear explanations where I’m able to understand, and your funny sometimes 😂❤ Sincere gratitude and thanks for explaining this foreign OS to an average self/taught Windows user like myself 🙏🏾✌🏾

  • @Foulancer
    @Foulancer2 жыл бұрын

    As a configuration manager I have to say that the Linux file system to me looks like chaos. As if either a result of lack of discipline amongst the open source community or due to legacy. In any case, thanks for this informative video!

  • @chswin
    @chswin2 жыл бұрын

    This is very well done. She’s a pro communicator!

  • @TonyGonzales
    @TonyGonzales2 жыл бұрын

    Veronica is awesome, and so are you! And Linux!

  • @donstamps
    @donstamps2 жыл бұрын

    Great overview! Thank you!

  • @josephkelly4893
    @josephkelly48932 жыл бұрын

    Nice work with the Linode gig Veronica!!!

  • @user-cx5rl9qg1b
    @user-cx5rl9qg1b3 ай бұрын

    Thank you; it's very educational.

  • @shanearchibald7940
    @shanearchibald79402 жыл бұрын

    This was great and Infromative. Thank you very much.

  • @synthmania7275
    @synthmania72752 жыл бұрын

    Proud linode customer. Love your services :).

  • @dumbllama8495
    @dumbllama84952 жыл бұрын

    I loved it. it's concise and fast paced, which is great for learning starter concepts in any field.

  • @mohammadkhan8712
    @mohammadkhan8712 Жыл бұрын

    That was very descriptive on the Linux file system!!

  • @lukaszmatuszewski
    @lukaszmatuszewski2 жыл бұрын

    /usr actually stands for Unix System Resources which perfectly makes sense.

  • @kevinrobertandrews
    @kevinrobertandrews2 жыл бұрын

    That was a lot, but very well explained!!! Thank you.

  • @datag1199
    @datag119910 ай бұрын

    Great video - thank you! Subscribed

  • @nytfire3870
    @nytfire38702 жыл бұрын

    Well explained! Keep it up ma'am 👍

  • @zameerpashablr
    @zameerpashablr Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for explaining in detail, I have been learning for the past 1 year , I regularly follow Learn Linux TV....he always speaks about Linode, I wanted to learn a lot about Linux Distros. Thank you so much once again.

  • @_BeastRein
    @_BeastRein2 жыл бұрын

    Despite already knowing most of this, it was still quite interesting to watch.

  • @guildpilotone
    @guildpilotone2 жыл бұрын

    Really well done! Thanks!

  • @DeadDad1
    @DeadDad12 жыл бұрын

    Excellent video, thank you!

  • @Appalling68
    @Appalling682 жыл бұрын

    1:17 Kernel 4.18. Kernel 4.18? Like wow! LOL! Thank you SO MUCH for such an informative video. You rock, Linux lady!

  • @sinzies
    @sinzies2 жыл бұрын

    Cool intro for someone new to Linux helps demystify any confusion. Loved the /etc pronunciation never heard it that way :) been using e.t.c.

  • @davidmoore573
    @davidmoore5737 ай бұрын

    Woot! Bonus Veronica Explains

  • @ShariqueFaizan
    @ShariqueFaizan2 жыл бұрын

    Very nice explanation.. Thanks

  • @jimbojimberson9934
    @jimbojimberson99342 жыл бұрын

    I love the Unix / directory! I remember switching to MacOS and Linux exclusively and falling in love with the simplicity. This is an awesome guide to all of them!

  • @linuxstreamer8910

    @linuxstreamer8910

    2 жыл бұрын

    true after coming from windows it is so easy on windows i had some problems when i unplugged & plugged in a external hdd it changed letters I had some games installed on it it broke so much now i don't have to worry about that anymore ALL HAIL LINUX

  • @birusingh7820

    @birusingh7820

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@linuxstreamer8910 the

  • @linuxstreamer8910

    @linuxstreamer8910

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@birusingh7820 who cares

  • @tpasi2020UG
    @tpasi2020UG2 жыл бұрын

    Awesome! Great tutorial thank you.

  • @nicolycrispi3134
    @nicolycrispi3134 Жыл бұрын

    This is amazing, thank you so much;

  • @send2gl
    @send2gl2 жыл бұрын

    Well presented, used Linux for ages but nice to get clarification on some folder uses.

  • @jeremycoleman3282
    @jeremycoleman32822 жыл бұрын

    Veronica is my new favorite Linode developer advocate

  • @beethreeLIVE
    @beethreeLIVE2 жыл бұрын

    Love all these cameos on Linode!

  • @MrJoegotbored
    @MrJoegotbored Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the tutorial!

  • @giuzp95
    @giuzp95 Жыл бұрын

    Just what I needed!

  • @cbbcbb6803
    @cbbcbb68032 жыл бұрын

    You work with COBOL? I love it. I will subscribe. What COBOL do you work with?

  • @CurtisFairlie
    @CurtisFairlie Жыл бұрын

    Great explaination 😁

  • @NuttachaiTipprasert
    @NuttachaiTipprasert2 жыл бұрын

    Comming from Windows, I found Linux's filesystem makes a lot more sense. I love how everything in Linux (or Unix, for that matter) is just a file. Everything is clear and I can easily find where my files are because there's no A, B, C, D, E.... Z directory or registry nonsense unlike in Windows.

  • @herrbonk3635

    @herrbonk3635

    2 жыл бұрын

    I tried that positive attitude with Unix in the 1980s (my employer had heard "it was the future"). Didn't work out well though, still hate most aspects of Unix and its rigid 1970s style conventions. (The Linux kernel that Linus wrote for the 386 is another thing.)

  • @Conenion

    @Conenion

    2 жыл бұрын

    Drive letters made (somewhat) sense back than, when computers had 1 or 2 floppy drives. Not much thereafter.

  • @herrbonk3635

    @herrbonk3635

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Conenion To me, that CP/M heritage makes perfect sense even today, when you have various USB-sticks, memory cards, and external SSDs. It would be nice if the letters could be words though, i.e. a short description of the unit. (No, I'm no M$ fan by any means, just simple and practical.)

  • @Conenion

    @Conenion

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@herrbonk3635 > makes perfect sense even today, Not so perfect then, since drive letters have length of 1 char only. > It would be nice if the letters could be words though, In Linux you label a partition. See mount -l, or lsblk. lsblk will show you /run/media//. And any decent GUI file manager will just show you the label. Like for example Nemo. (lsblk -o LABEL shows you only the labels.)

  • @herrbonk3635

    @herrbonk3635

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Conenion That's not how it was in Unix, iirc. But a Windows shell (like Total Commander or other) could actually do the same. Because the connection between a drive letter and the id-string of an external SSD, other Nand-flash unit, or whatever, is known and visible via "the registry".

  • @alanjrobertson
    @alanjrobertson2 жыл бұрын

    Great video, thanks. Also loved you addressing the elephant in the room around the pronunciation of /etc 😂🐘👍

  • @kychemclass5850
    @kychemclass58502 жыл бұрын

    Fantastic Video. Thank youuuuuuu !

  • @Babbili
    @Babbili10 күн бұрын

    this is one of the best Linux filesystem vids, wonder why she's not anymore in Linode

  • @Pindrop22
    @Pindrop222 жыл бұрын

    That was great! Thank you so much

  • @GeorgeGzirishvili
    @GeorgeGzirishvili7 ай бұрын

    3:30: Your second device has no partitions there. Partitions are ones that end with _p_ followed by a number. 11:00: _USR_ stands for _"Unix System Resource",_ not _"user"._

  • @abdallahkhamis881
    @abdallahkhamis8814 ай бұрын

    Awesome .. love it.. thanks alot

  • @andy_3_913
    @andy_3_9132 жыл бұрын

    You're explaining, but not where I was expecting...confused lol. But excellent job all the same :)

  • @nelsonrobertomiranda7329
    @nelsonrobertomiranda73292 жыл бұрын

    Amazing video! about the usr directory, some would call it "unix system resources", hence the name

  • @user-rr7im5og7k
    @user-rr7im5og7k2 жыл бұрын

    Great Explanation!

  • @GVlis
    @GVlis3 ай бұрын

    Greeting from Greece! very nice 🙏

  • @dragonek_gnu_linux_pl
    @dragonek_gnu_linux_pl2 жыл бұрын

    finally i found a video where is expleied all i man ALL linux filesystem directories not only some and /srv /run /sys skipped almost at all tutorials

  • @casuallybad
    @casuallybad2 жыл бұрын

    Nice! You gave me GM vibes. Very informative.

  • @stucatz1130
    @stucatz11302 жыл бұрын

    What is the keyboard you are using? Looks like a 65%er ? Thank you for the vid

  • @BilalHeuser1
    @BilalHeuser12 жыл бұрын

    I like to use the -F option when I use the ls command. Using this option, it will classify each entry and indicate what kind of file it is.

  • @maharajahdann

    @maharajahdann

    2 жыл бұрын

    At last, Bilal!!

  • @rafalg87
    @rafalg872 жыл бұрын

    There's some flexibility and some legacy stuff which is fine, but where it gets messy from my point of view is in the /usr/local directory which starts its own duplicated structure, e.g. it can have bin, lib or etc subdirectories. I'm looking at a certain project that uses containers and one of them has configuration in /etc/php while another has it in /usr/local/etc/php. I never know where to look first.

  • @androth1502
    @androth15022 жыл бұрын

    i've noticed in the home folder, there is a .config folder where *most apps store their user-defined configuration files in their respective folders. however there are some like bash and x11 that dump their configs right in the user folder. is this some kind of legacy thing? it would be nice if all the programs obeyed the .config/ convention.

  • @wsippel

    @wsippel

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yeah, the .config folder is related to the relatively new (as far as standard adoption goes) freedesktop XDG base directory specification. Not all programs follow freedesktop standards, and especially legacy applications sometimes don't adopt such changes for compatibility reasons.

  • @TheBoxyBear
    @TheBoxyBear2 жыл бұрын

    I worked with windows software that often use the temp folder to avoid corruption when writing files. The stream would write to the temporary file then that file would be moved to the right location, overwriting the original. Is that a way the same directory is often used on Linux?

  • @alexbrezny6108
    @alexbrezny61085 ай бұрын

    I can not imagine anyone ever calling it etsy instead of E T C, there is a correct way of pronoucning it and it is the one I grew up using

  • @nicholashughes8214
    @nicholashughes82142 жыл бұрын

    Very helpful Thank you

  • @nickconstantine6308
    @nickconstantine63082 жыл бұрын

    This video was very concise thank you! I have been deploying sites with a recipe for a while and I wanted to learn more about linux. I would really like to see proper mern stack deployment tutorials that utilize things like s3 comparable object storage and node balancers. Maybe something similar with Wordpress installs too would be pretty helpful. I feel like this would help me go from beginner to intermediate.

  • @StrikerEureka85
    @StrikerEureka852 жыл бұрын

    i do some development with Coldfusion and when installing on Linux, it usually goes by default in the /opt directory

  • @orsonc.badger7421
    @orsonc.badger74212 жыл бұрын

    Great video!!

  • @lucyinchat
    @lucyinchat2 жыл бұрын

    Neat! Linode is doing a thing.

  • @johnsanders1728
    @johnsanders17282 жыл бұрын

    Nice Presentation

  • @eddiedantes7732
    @eddiedantes77328 ай бұрын

    Thank you for explaining in a way a moron like me can understand. This is how my mom used to talk to me when I was five, and I greatly appreciate it.

  • @FGB64
    @FGB642 жыл бұрын

    Most (all?) of these directory names were inherited from Unix. I believe usr stood for Unix System Resources.

  • @lucyinchat

    @lucyinchat

    2 жыл бұрын

    That might be apocryphal, it might just be a shortening of user.

  • @VeronicaExplains

    @VeronicaExplains

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@lucyinchat That's my understanding as well- it didn't stand for anything other than "user" as in "user-land resources" as opposed to "system-land resources" found in the other directories.

  • @vidhuran4414
    @vidhuran44142 жыл бұрын

    I loved it really learned something

  • @andreashuber332
    @andreashuber3322 жыл бұрын

    Wow great explanation

  • @Firoz900
    @Firoz9002 жыл бұрын

    Love your videos.

  • @lorjoo
    @lorjoo2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @taidee
    @taidee2 жыл бұрын

    Ok, Veronica, I've finally subscribed 🤣

  • @ManontheBroadcast
    @ManontheBroadcast2 жыл бұрын

    A Users and Permissions Tutorial would be a great follow-up ...

  • @JonathanSteadman2003
    @JonathanSteadman20032 жыл бұрын

    Love you guys. :-)

  • @justinnewton7366
    @justinnewton7366 Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the help... I'm still trying to learn the system...

  • @TomGeewhiskeytango15511meterDX
    @TomGeewhiskeytango15511meterDX2 жыл бұрын

    Good video for sure 👌

  • @wedrownysowianin9387
    @wedrownysowianin9387 Жыл бұрын

    Very good explanations as /run seems kind of new and I rarely hear about /sys at all. However /opt still seems to have a lot of use. The Brave browser places nearly all of its files there, as do some commercial VPNs, along with my current distro (Sparky Linux) placing a lot of its wallpapers there.

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