Wonderful to know that after all the search around Kodungallur for the ancient Muchiri Pattanam, one genius historian decided to explore the little hamlet named Pattanam that was further offshore.

living in paravur...and worked muziris building survae few years back for the project.

Visited Synagogue today...Muziris project is a good one and you are preserving our history very well.

@keralatourism

3 жыл бұрын

Glad you think so! 💖

The story of muziris seems like how different cultures, languages, races, countries, civilizations, knowledge, religion and faiths were merged for human betterment by acceptance and giving. And which is the basis of our country, unity in diversity, which was a success mantra from ancient times and bestowed success. It's a call for those who are walking back to certain pages of history without knowing the whole story.

@ColtraneTaylor

3 жыл бұрын

There are Tamil nationalists and Hindutvadi's tearing up the comments section with their nonsense as usual.

@Nithin90

Жыл бұрын

Sir, The 1st century and 2nd century European travelers specifically refers to the capital of 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit (i.e Kaelobothras, Keprobothras etc in Greek) as situated 20 stadia (3 km) inland from the sea-coast or in present day Kerala in which the port city of 'Muziris' (i.e Kodungallur) on the banks of the river 'Pseudostomus' (i.e Periyar river) as situated therefore it was also referred to as 'Jangli, Shinkali, Gingaleh etc' by the Foreign Travelers since the 10th Century C.E after the native Malayalam word 'Changalazhi' as denoting the Estuary at Kodungallur hence the Earliest extant Kerala literary works itself refers to the port city of 'Kodungallur' (i.e Muziris in Greek) on the banks of the river Periyar (i.e Pseudostomus in Greek) as the 'Nripapuri' (i.e Capital) of the Kerala king titled as 'Keraladhinatha, Keraladhishvara etc' in Sanskrit (i.e Keralaputhra) in Kerala history For Example: Kerala is not only the country, but also the Kshathriya-king inhabiting the country" - Vaarthika of Kaathyayana pre-3rd Century B.C The Periyar river and its tributaries in Malayalam was known as 'Mahanadhi, Choorni, Marudhvritha, Nau (chalakkudi river) etc' in Sanskrit and the royal family of Mahodayapuram (i.e Makkothayar-Pattanam in Malayalam) titled as belonging to the 'Keralakula' (i.e Kerala-Dynasty) was known as 'Bahuvyapthi' meaning 'having great expansion' (i.e Perum-Padarppu in Malayalam) in the Sanskrit works of Kerala until the 14th Century C.E among which the port-town of Kochi (i.e Gosrinagara in Sanskrit) referred to as 'Cocym' by the Foreign Travelers since the 15th Century C.E was the property of the 'Elaya Thavazhi' referred to as 'Narayana Varma, Govindha Varma, Rama Varma etc' until the 15th Century C.E or since Pre-Portuguese Period in Kerala (Malabar) history. The term 'Keshavan, Kashu, Ashudham etc' in Malayalam are also written as 'Keyavan, Kayu, Ayitham etc' in the inscriptions and similarly, the term 'Muyirikodu' in the inscription is to be read as 'Mushirikodu'. (I.e Muziris in Greek) aka 'Changalazhi' in Malayalam until the 14th Century C.E (i.e Jangli, Shinkali, Gingaleh etc) There is an agreement known as 'Muziris-Papyrus' from the 2nd Century C.E which documents the trade agreement between Muziris (i.e Kodungallur) and Alexandria and simialrly, the port-cities of Kerala were at the height of its prosperity with trade relations from all over the world since the 1st Century C.E to the medieval period of Indian history. For Example: “Among all the places in the world I have seen none equal to the Port of Alexandria except Kawlam (Kollam in Kerala) and Calicut (Kozhikodu in Kerala) in India” - Ibn Battuta (14th century C.E) The ancient European travelers of the 1st and 2nd century C.E have referred to the geographical region of North India or the land between Himalaya mountains and Vindhya mountains as 'Ariaca' after the Sanskrit word 'Aryaka' (i.e Aryadesha) just as they have referred to the Dravidian language speaking geographical region of South India as extending up to ‘Keprobothras’ (i.e Keralaputhra in Sanskrit) as 'Dakinabades' after the Sanskrit word 'Dakshinapatha’ whereas they have referred to the geographical region of Kerala (i.e Keralaputhra) as 'Damirica' after the Sanskrit word 'Dramidaka' (i.e Dramidadesha) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) hence the Oldest literary works of Kerala itself refers to the geographical region of Kerala as 'Dramida' in Kerala history For Example: The 'Srimad Bhagavatham' refers to the 6 holy rivers of Dravidadesha (Dravida region) in Sanskrit among which the 4 west-flowing rivers as consisting of Krithamala (Neyyar), Mahanadhi (Periyar), Prathichi (Bharathapuzha) and Payaswini (Chandragiri) are situated in Kerala as according to the Kerala literary works and the 2 east-flowing rivers as consisting of Tamraparni (Porunai) and Kaveri (Kaveri) are situated in Tamil Nadu. For Example: "Thamraparni nadhiyathra krithamala payaswini kaveri cha mahapunya prathichi cha mahanadhi" - Srimad Bhagavatham Kerala and Tamil Nadu were two different communities that developed in the adjacent regions of the western ghats with commonality in the dynasty of Kings (i.e Kerala) in history but the politics, language, social system, religious practices, social customs, architecture, festivals, arts etc of Keralam (i.e Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc) were all quite distinct from Tamil Nadu region since earliest known history. For Example: There are inscriptions as denoting the Kerala kings titled as 'Kerala Varma, Keraladhiraja etc' as also found from 'Tirunelveli district, Dindigul district etc' in Tamil Nadu history but these regions of Tamil Nadu historically known as 'Pandi-Nadu, Kongu-Nadu etc' in Indian history was never ever known as 'Kerala or Keralaputhra or, Keraladesha etc' in Indian history. The vernacular language of Kerala (i.e Keralabhasha) referred to as 'Tamizh' in the Kerala literary works possessed its own phonological and morphological features distinct from the 'Tamizh' of the inhabitants East of the Ghats (i.e Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda) in Indian history. For Example: "Sri vedavyaasa mahaarishi aruli cheyytha brahmaanda puraanathin madhyabhaagathe itha njaan tamizhaayi kondu ariyikkunnen" - Malayalam - Brahmanda Puranam (14th Century C.E) The view that Malayalam as having diverged from Tamil is certainly wrong, as we can see from the several archaic features of Malayalam.” - David Dean Shulman (linguist) : "The preservation of many early linguistic features in Malayalam and the altered reflections of those features in Tamil point to the differentiation between the East coast (Tamil area) and the West coast (Malayalam area)” - A. Govindankutty Menon (linguist) Only Kerala has the richest and longest history of Manipravalam and the 14th century treatise Lilatilakam, the only descriptive meta-text on Manipravalam defines it as the union of Sanskrit and Kerala-Bhasha (i.e Malayalam) as opposed to the union of Sanskrit with Pandya, Chola, Andhra or other regional south Indian languages. : For Example: Sakala phalasamriddhyai keralanaam prathaapam periya parashuramasyaajnjaaya yathra nithyam kanivodu mazha kaalam paarthupaarthar bhakaanaam janani mulakoduppaan ennapole varunnu” - Manipravalam (Malayalam-Sanskrit) - Candrotsavam (15th century C.E) The caste-group of Kerala (Malabar) referred to as 'Bhatta (Bhattathiri), Vellala, Kammala (Vishwakarma), Ezhava (Channar), Paraya, Pulaya, Kurava etc' in the inscriptions and literary works of Kerala (Malabar) since the 9th Century C.E to 20th Century C.E had nothing to do with the Tamil speaking immigrants of Kerala (Malabar) referred to as 'Pandi Pattar (Iyer), Pandi Vellala, Pandi Kammala (Vishwakarma), Pandi Ezhava (Shanar), Pandi Paraya, Pandi Pulaya, Pandi Kurava etc' in Kerala (Malabar) history until the 20th Century C.E For Example: "Pulaya is a caste of Malabar region (Kerala) as well as Madurai and Coimbatore region (Tamil Nadu)" - Census of India 1901 The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today.

malayalee and proud ;)

@gvaanang

5 жыл бұрын

Tamil ,but thanks to kerala government for excavations.....

@ajomathew6190

3 жыл бұрын

@@gvaanang end of chera/tamil kingdom is after Zamothri of Calicut conquered.

@Nithin90

3 жыл бұрын

The land of 'Kerala or Keralajanapadha or Keralaputhra' in Indian history since the 3rd Century B.C to 12th Century C.E referred to as Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc in Kerala history after the Sanskrit word 'Malaya' as denoting the western ghats did not consist of any region east of the Ghats or the region of Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history hence the 1st century and 2nd century European travelers specifically refers to the capital of Keralaputhra as situated 20 stadia (3 km) inland from the sea-coast or in present day Kerala. : The kings of Kerala are referred to as belonging to the Keralakula (i.e Kerala-Dynasty) in the Oldest Sanskrit works of Kerala as the sovereign of Kerala was titled as ‘Keralaputhra’ in Sanskrit since the 3rd Century B.C and similarly Yakshan Keralan, Godha Keralan, Kerala Narayanan, Keralan Srikumaran etc are the various other personal names of Keralites as present in the Oldest Inscriptions of Kerala in Old Malayalam since the 9th century C.E as the Kerala-Country and its capital was under the dominion of the Naaduvaazhikal (i.e vallabhapattanam king, mahodhayapattanam king, kolambhapattanam king etc) as attested by native records and foreign travelers including Al-Biruni since the 11th century C.E : For Example: "Malabar (i.e Malayalam Country) is a great province lying towards the west 'of the province of Bandi (i.e Pandya)' and the people here have a language of their own and a king of their own and pay tribute to nobody." - Marco Polo (13th century C.E). : It is accepted by Tamil Nadu scholars that the Sanskrit term 'Chola' was written as 'SoRa' in the various Tamil inscriptions of the Chola-Dynasty and similarly, the 'Kerala' kings were referred to as 'SeRa' in the inscriptions of the Invaders from Tamil Nadu until the 12th century C.E as the term 'Sera or Seralan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Kerala' in Sanskrit whereas the term 'Pandi or Pandiyan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Pandya' in Sanskrit as the term 'Sora or Soran' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Chola' in Sanskrit hence the land of Kerala was referred to as Cheraman-Nadu, Cheraman-Loka, Chera-Bhumi etc in Kerala records itself. : For Example: "...sarvam eve anupashyata tathaiva Andhran cha Pundran cha Cholan, Pandyan, Keralan." - Valmiki Ramayanam - Kishkindha Kanda : The 7th century to 12th century inscriptions of Tamil Nadu refers to multiple Pandya kings and Chola kings as having invaded the region of “Malainadu or Kerala” and the Tamil Nadu king Raja Raja Chola (985 C.E -1014 C.E) in his inscriptions on the conquest of Kerala claims that his army invaded the country which was the Creation Of Parashurama (Kerala) and plundered the town of Vizhinjam, Kollam, Kodungallur etc which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. : The ancient European travelers of the 1st and 2nd century C.E have referred to the geographical region of North India or the land between Himalaya mountains and Vindhya mountains as 'Ariaca' after the Sanskrit word 'Aryaka' (i.e Aryadesha) whereas they referred to the geographical region of Kerala (i.e Keralaputhra) as 'Damirica' after the Sanskrit word 'Dramidaka' (i.e Dramidadesha) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) hence the Oldest literary works and inscriptions of Kerala itself refers to the geographical region of Kerala as 'Dramida' in which the city of Mahodayapuram (i.e Makkothayarpattanam in Old Malayalam) or Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) or Muyirikodu (muziris) in Old Malayalam as situated on the banks of the river Periyar (i.e Mahanadhi, Choorni etc in Sanskrit) was the capital of the Kerala king titled as 'Keraladhinatha' in Sanskrit or 'Cherabhumishvara' in Malayalam (i.e Keralabhasha). : For Example: "Keralaanaam dramida shabdhavaachythvaad apabhramshena tadbhaasha tamizh ithyuchyathe" - Lilathilakam - Meaning - "The language of Kerala is known as Tamizh in the vernacular through the phonetic modification of the word Dramida." : The term 'Tamizhakam' in the Tamil grammar Tolkapiyam itself is the transliteration of 'Dramidaka' in Sanskrit and not denoting a single culture or language or kingdom or history but a common geographical region as consisting of KL and TN thereby the author has recognised 12 regional dialects in which 5 dialects are pertaining to Kerala and 7 dialects are pertaining to Tamil Nadu just as the Tamil grammar Nannul of the 13th century hence the Kerala records have also differentiated the language of Dramida (i.e Tamizh) into Pandyabhasha (pandi language), Cholabhasha (chola language) and Keralabhasha (malayalam language) in history. : The inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 9th century C.E and 12th Century C.E is referred to as 'Old Malayalam' by linguists because the inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 13th century C.E and 16th century C.E shows linguistic continuity with minimal differences hence it is termed as 'Middle Malayalam' by linguists.Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) is just as old and classical as any other Dravidian languages including Tamil hence the phonology and vocabulary of Keralites to this very day are found in the Oldest mythological literary works and inscriptions of Tamil Nadu (ex. njan, njandu, thudangi, pettu, aliyan, achan etc) as the grammatical principles of Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) was contrasting from the ‘Tamizh’ of the inhabitants of Tamil Nadu due to the phonological and morphological differences between the regional languages of the East and West of the Ghats mountain ranges since known history. (Ex. Njan in Malayalam is Nan in Tamil) : ‘The view that Malayalam as having diverged from Tamil is certainly wrong, as we can see from the several archaic features of Malayalam.” - David Dean Shulman : "The preservation of many early linguistic features in Malayalam and the altered reflections of those features in Tamil point to the differentiation between the East coast (Tamil area) and the West coast (Malayalam area)” - A. Govindankutty Menon : The terms 'Tamizh, Naazhi, Pazham, Pavizham, Makizham etc' in Old Malayalam are all derived from the Sanskrit words 'Dramida, Naadi, Phala, Pravala, Makula etc' as such phonetic modifications or transliterations of Sanskrit words are present in all the Dravidian languages since known literary history and similarly, the terms 'Ketala, Choda, Pada' etc in the Ashoka Edicts of the 3rd Century B.C in Prakrit language are the transliterations of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Chola, Pandya' etc as attested by all linguists today. : The terms Cherakon (i.e Keralakularaaja in Sanskrit), Kunnalakon (i.e Shailabdhishvara in Sanskrit), Valluvakon (i.e Vallabhakshoni in Sanskrit), Piraamanar (i.e Brahmana in Sanskrit) etc as found in Old Malayalam and Middle Malayalam inscriptions and literary works are NOT denoting the people of Tamil Nadu or 'Tamilans' irrespective of caste referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history but the people of Kerala referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: The kings of Kerala were referred to as 'Malayala Thiruvadi' in the inscription of South India as dated to the 13th Century C.E while the kings of Tamil Nadu were referred to as Pandya and Chola in the same inscription of the Kakatiya Dynasty of South India because the people of Tamil Nadu now known as 'Tamilans' were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E while the people of Kerala including the Kings were referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : The region of modern Tamil Nadu as consisting of dharmapuri, salem, coimbatore etc as comprising of an earlier independent territorial unit known as ‘Kongu-Nadu’ were under their local chieftains referred to as 'Adiya or Adiyaman' until the 12th Century C.E in Indian history whereas it is the land of Kerala as comprising of the independent territorial unit known as ‘Malayalam’ or 'Malabar' who were under the local chieftains referred to as ‘Chera or Cheraman’ until the 12th century C.E in Indian history. : For Example: "The pagans (Hindus) of Malabar (Kerala) believes that a king (i.e a King of Kerala or Cheraman) had once ascended up to heaven and they continue to expect his descent therefore they assemble at cranganore (Kodungallur) and keep ready there wooden sandals, water and adorn the place with lamps and decorations on a certain night of the year" - Tuhfat al Mujahidin (16th Century C.E) : The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) as consisting of common/similar words are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today hence there are places with common names in Kerala and Tamil Nadu even today (ex. Thondi, Musiri etc) thus it doesn't mean that the places of Kerala or 'Keralaputhra' referred to as Tyndis, Muziris etc by the travelers in the past were referring to the settlement of the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamilans’ referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E but the people of Kerala referred to as ‘Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: “Among all the places in the world I have seen none equal to the Port of Alexandria except Kawlam (Kollam in Kerala) and Calicut (Kozhikodu in Kerala) in India” - Ibn Battuta (14th century C.E)

@professor.georgekutty4thst75

2 жыл бұрын

@@gvaanang seemans slave American president father name is muthupandi a tamilan , Ronaldo, messi etc.. also tamilans.

@professor.georgekutty4thst75

Жыл бұрын

@@gvaanang true sir 10 lakh years back america , urpoe etc.. under our pandays control Some jews come to that area and killed our American tamil king muthupandi muthu raman

Hi Eldhose Varghese, ഈ ദേശം കാടും പടലവും, പുലി പെറ്റു കിടന്നിരുന്ന സ്ഥലം മാത്രമാണെന്ന് തെറ്റുദ്ധരിച്ചു പോയിട്ടുണ്ടെങ്കിൽ അതു നമ്മുടെ പൈതൃകത്തോടും പൂർവികരോടും ചെയ്യുന്ന കടുത്ത അനീതിയാണ്... ചുമ്മാ ഇരിക്കുമ്പോൾ ഇതൊക്കെ കണ്ടു നോക്കുന്നത് നന്നായിരിക്കും...

@keralatourism

4 жыл бұрын

Happy that you enjoyed the video..please subscribe to our channel and keep watching for daily updates

a very nice tour giving historic pleasures

Brilliant!

The Kingdom of Gods, Jerusalem of East, Gateway of Ancient India.

@Cringemanic123-bm6bm

Жыл бұрын

Jerusalem of east oo

Great

great

Very good

Sir, Kerala was one of the 7 janapadas (kingdoms) of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) along with Tulanga (tulu region), Konkana (konkan region) etc that were collectively known as the 'Parashurama Kshetra' (i.e creation of parashurama) and Kerala was one of the 3 janapadas (kingdoms) of Dravidadesha (dravida region) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (Indian subcontinent) along with Pandya Kingdom and Chola Kingdom as according to the Sanskrit scripture's (i.e Puranas) since known history. : The land of 'Kerala or Keralajanapadha or Keralaputhra' in Indian history since the 3rd Century B.C to 12th Century C.E referred to as Malayalam, Malanadu, Malamandalam etc in Kerala history after the Sanskrit word 'Malaya' as denoting the western ghats did not consist of any region east of the Ghats or the region of Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history hence the 1st century and 2nd century European travelers specifically refers to the capital of Keralaputhra as situated 20 stadia (3 km) inland from the sea-coast or in present day Kerala. : The kings of Kerala are referred to as belonging to the Keralakula (i.e Kerala-Dynasty) in the Oldest Sanskrit works of Kerala as the sovereign of Kerala was titled as ‘Keralaputhra’ in Sanskrit since the 3rd Century B.C and similarly Yakshan Keralan, Godha Keralan, Kerala Narayanan, Keralan Srikumaran etc are the various other personal names of Keralites as present in the Oldest Inscriptions of Kerala in Old Malayalam since the 9th century C.E as the Kerala-Country and its capital was under the dominion of the Naaduvaazhikal (i.e vallabhapattanam king, mahodhayapattanam king, kolambhapattanam king etc) as attested by native records and foreign travelers including Al-Biruni since the 11th century C.E : For Example: "Malabar (i.e Malayalam Country) is a great province lying towards the west 'of the province of Bandi (i.e Pandya)' and the people here have a language of their own and a king of their own and pay tribute to nobody." - Marco Polo (13th century C.E). : It is accepted by Tamil Nadu scholars that the Sanskrit term 'Chola' was written as 'SoRa' in the various Tamil inscriptions of the Chola-Dynasty and similarly, the 'Kerala' kings were referred to as 'SeRa' in the inscriptions of the Invaders from Tamil Nadu until the 12th century C.E as the term 'Sera or Seralan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Kerala' in Sanskrit whereas the term 'Pandi or Pandiyan' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Pandya' in Sanskrit as the term 'Sora or Soran' in Tamil is the transliteration of 'Chola' in Sanskrit hence the land of Kerala was referred to as Cheraman-Nadu, Cheraman-Loka, Chera-Bhumi etc in Kerala records itself. : For Example: "...sarvam eve anupashyata tathaiva Andhran cha Pundran cha Cholan, Pandyan, Keralan." - Valmiki Ramayanam - Kishkindha Kanda : The 7th century to 12th century inscriptions of Tamil Nadu refers to multiple Pandya kings and Chola kings as having invaded the region of “Malainadu or Kerala” and the Tamil Nadu king Raja Raja Chola (985 C.E -1014 C.E) in his inscriptions on the conquest of Kerala claims that his army invaded the country which was the Creation Of Parashurama (Kerala) and plundered the town of Vizhinjam, Kollam, Kodungallur etc which itself shows that the land of Kerala was known as the Parashurama Kshetra (i.e creation of parashurama) among even the non-keralites in history. : The ancient European travelers of the 1st and 2nd century C.E have referred to the geographical region of North India or the land between Himalaya mountains and Vindhya mountains as 'Ariaca' after the Sanskrit word 'Aryaka' (i.e Aryadesha) whereas they referred to the geographical region of Kerala (i.e Keralaputhra) as 'Damirica' after the Sanskrit word 'Dramidaka' (i.e Dramidadesha) meaning the southernmost region of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) hence the Oldest literary works and inscriptions of Kerala itself refers to the geographical region of Kerala as 'Dramida' in which the city of Mahodayapuram (i.e Makkothayarpattanam in Old Malayalam) or Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) or Muyirikodu (muziris) in Old Malayalam as situated on the banks of the river Periyar (i.e Mahanadhi, Choorni etc in Sanskrit) was the capital of the Kerala king titled as 'Keraladhinatha' in Sanskrit or 'Cherabhumishvara' in Malayalam (i.e Keralabhasha). : For Example: "Keralaanaam dramida shabdhavaachythvaad apabhramshena tadbhaasha tamizh ithyuchyathe" - Lilathilakam - Meaning - "The language of Kerala is known as Tamizh in the vernacular through the phonetic modification of the word Dramida." : The term 'Tamizhakam' in the Tamil grammar Tolkapiyam itself is the transliteration of 'Dramidaka' in Sanskrit and not denoting a single culture or language or kingdom or history but a common geographical region as consisting of KL and TN thereby the author has recognised 12 regional dialects in which 5 dialects are pertaining to Kerala and 7 dialects are pertaining to Tamil Nadu just as the Tamil grammar Nannul of the 13th century hence the Kerala records have also differentiated the language of Dramida (i.e Tamizh) into Pandyabhasha (pandi language), Cholabhasha (chola language) and Keralabhasha (malayalam language) in history. : The inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 9th century C.E and 12th Century C.E is referred to as 'Old Malayalam' by linguists because the inscriptions of Kerala as dated between the 13th century C.E and 16th century C.E shows linguistic continuity with minimal differences hence it is termed as 'Middle Malayalam' by linguists.Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) is just as old and classical as any other Dravidian languages including Tamil hence the phonology and vocabulary of Keralites to this very day are found in the Oldest mythological literary works and inscriptions of Tamil Nadu (ex. njan, njandu, thudangi, pettu, aliyan, achan etc) as the grammatical principles of Malayalam language (i.e Keralabhasha) was contrasting from the ‘Tamizh’ of the inhabitants of Tamil Nadu due to the phonological and morphological differences between the regional languages of the East and West of the Ghats mountain ranges since known history. (Ex. Njan in Malayalam is Nan in Tamil) : The terms 'Tamizh, Naazhi, Pazham, Pavizham, Makizham etc' in Old Malayalam are all derived from the Sanskrit words 'Dramida, Naadi, Phala, Pravala, Makula etc' as such phonetic modifications or transliterations of Sanskrit words are present in all the Dravidian languages since known literary history and similarly, the terms 'Ketala, Choda, Pada' etc in the Ashoka Edicts of the 3rd Century B.C in Prakrit language are the transliterations of the Sanskrit word 'Kerala, Chola, Pandya' etc as attested by all linguists today. : The terms Cherakon (i.e Keralakularaaja in Sanskrit), Kunnalakon (i.e Shailabdhishvara in Sanskrit), Valluvakon (i.e Vallabhakshoni in Sanskrit), Piraamanar (i.e Brahmana in Sanskrit) etc as found in Old Malayalam and Middle Malayalam inscriptions and literary works are NOT denoting the people of Tamil Nadu or 'Tamilans' irrespective of caste referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history but the people of Kerala referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: The kings of Kerala were referred to as 'Malayala Thiruvadi' in the inscription of South India as dated to the 13th Century C.E while the kings of Tamil Nadu were referred to as Pandya and Chola in the same inscription of the Kakatiya Dynasty of South India because the people of Tamil Nadu now known as 'Tamilans' were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E while the people of Kerala including the Kings were referred to as 'Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : The region of modern Tamil Nadu as consisting of dharmapuri, salem, coimbatore etc as comprising of an earlier independent territorial unit known as ‘Kongu-Nadu’ were under their local chieftains referred to as 'Adiya or Adiyaman' until the 12th Century C.E in Indian history whereas it is the land of Kerala as comprising of the independent territorial unit known as ‘Malayalam’ or 'Malabar' who were under the local chieftains referred to as ‘Chera or Cheraman’ until the 12th century C.E in Indian history. : For Example: "The pagans (Hindus) of Malabar (Kerala) believes that a king (i.e a King of Kerala or Cheraman) had once ascended up to heaven and they continue to expect his descent therefore they assemble at cranganore (Kodungallur) and keep ready there wooden sandals, water and adorn the place with lamps and decorations on a certain night of the year" - Tuhfat al Mujahidin (16th Century C.E) : The Dravidian languages of Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada, Telugu etc including the Tribal Languages (ex. Irula, Kurumba etc) as consisting of common/similar words are all emerging from a Proto-Dravidian language meaning an undocumented common spoken language in pre-history as attested by all linguists today hence there are places with common names in Kerala and Tamil Nadu even today (ex. Thondi, Musiri etc) thus it doesn't mean that the places of Kerala or 'Keralaputhra' referred to as Tyndis, Muziris etc by the travelers in the past were referring to the settlement of the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamilans’ referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works until the 14th Century C.E but the people of Kerala referred to as ‘Keralar' and 'Malayalar' alone in Indian history. : For Example: “Among all the places in the world I have seen none equal to the Port of Alexandria except Kawlam (Kollam in Kerala) and Calicut (Kozhikodu in Kerala) in India” - Ibn Battuta (14th century C.E)

@keralatourism

3 жыл бұрын

Good insight. 🙏

@sathiskumar911

3 жыл бұрын

Dravida is Sanskrit version of Tamil

@cotter266

3 жыл бұрын

@@Nithin90 Cheras themselves are from kongunad in western tn. Pallava invasion pushed them out of TN

@Nithin90

Жыл бұрын

"Oh Uthiyan Seralathan, Even if the day loses its lustre, and the Four Vedas fail to propagate the truth, you will reign gloriously forever" - Sangam Literature. (Purananuru) Please don't support the dishonest historians sir. The kings of Kerala are referred to as 'Kerala, Keralaputhra, Keraladhinatha, Keralakularaja, Keralavarma etc' in all of known Indian history including Kerala literary works. The south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc have referred to our Malayali kings as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th century C.E in Indian history as it is our Malayali kings alone in the historical accounts of Kerala since the 9th Century C.E as consisting of the chieftain Kolathiri of Kolathunadu, Kurumpiyathiri of Kurumpranadu, Eralathiri of Eranadu, Vellathiri of Valluvanadu, Onathiri of Odanadu, Venathiri of Venadu etc who were the rulers of Kerala (Malabar) until the 18th Century C.E in Kerala history. : For Example: The 15th century inscription of Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu refers to the Kerala king 'Jayasimha Deva' of Kollam (i.e Kolambhapuri in Sanskrit) as the 'Crowned Monarch' of the 'Chera Lineage' in Matrilineal succession whereas the 16th century inscription of Chidambaram in Tamil Nadu refers to the Kerala king 'Ramavarma Maharaja' of Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Srianjanakhalam in Sanskrit) as the 'Royal Descent' of the mythological king 'Seraman Perumal Nayanar' in Matrilineal succession hence even the foreign traveler Ibn battuta in the 14th Century C.E have also stated that "In Malabar (Kerala), the Kings transmit their sovereignty only to their sisters Son". : The origin of Marumakkathayam or the matrilineal inheritance is attributed to the mandate of 'Parashurama' in an epoch known as 'Treta Yuga' in the Kerala tradition thereby as per the traditional Kerala history, a King of Kerala or 'Cheraman' known as 'Ramavarma' had once ruled the entire land from Gokarnam to Kanyakumari after Lord Parashurama in an epoch known as 'KalI Yuga' and he divided the land among the nobles and his throne among his nephew (i.e mahodhayapattanam king) and his crown among his son (i.e kolambhapattanam king) with Kodungallur (i.e thiruvanchikulam) and Kollam (i.e thenvanchi) as their capital within the Kerala-Kingdom (i.e Keraladesha, Keralavishaya etc) hence even the foreign traveler Friar Jordanus in the 14th Century have also stated that “In this India (Kerala) never do even the sons of great kings or nobles inherit the goods of their parents, but only the sons of their sisters" : Duarte Barbosa (1480-1521) - “In this land of Malabar (Kerala) from cumbla (kasaragod district) to cape comorin (kanyakumari district), all men use one tongue only which they call Maliama” (i.e Malayalam) : The literary works as found from tamil nadu and sri lanka now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e sera) are not historical documents but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E : For Example: 'Ilango Adikal' was the brother of 'Senguttuvan' and their father was 'Nedumseralathan', who is said to have conquered all of India until the Himalayas (i.e Imayamalai) and his father 'Uthiyanseralathan' is said to have fed the armies in the Mahabharata war from Kuttanadu in Kerala (i.e seralam in tamil) ex. Paripadal. : There existed no 'illango adikal, senguttuvan, nedumserlaathan, uthiyanseralaathan etc' in Kerala history or Indian history during the period of Ptolemy, Pliny or Ashoka's time when the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit. (Ex.Kerobothros by Ptolemy or Keprobotros by the author of the Periplus or Kaelobothras in Pliny's text or Ketalaputho in the Ashoka Edicts of 3rd century B.C). : The terms ''sangam age' and 'second chera empire' are made up by historians to create an 'historical time period' for the occurrence of the mythological events and kings as relating to the hindu, jain, buddhist mythology as written in Tamil language hence the 'Chera' aka Kerala Kings such as 'Rama Rajashekharan' and 'Sthanu Ravi Kulashekharan' in Kerala History are falsely assumed to be the 'Seraman perumal nayanar', a Hindu shaivite king and 'Kulashekhara Azhwar', a Hindu vaishnavite king' of Hindu mythology in Tamil. (i.e divya prabandham, periyapuranam) : For Example: In the traditional Hindu mythology, The Chera aka Kerala king 'Maharaja Kulashekhara' was born in Kerala to 'Maharaja Dridhavratha' more than 5000 years ago when the territory as ruled by the Chera aka Kerala king covered the largest portion of Dravidadesha (dravida region) including vast regions of modern Tamil Nadu once referred to as 'Kongu-Nadu, Pandi-Nadu, Chola-Nadu etc' in Indian history. : For Example: The term 'Vendar or Vendan' in Tamil is the modification of the Sanskrit word 'Indra' as attested by Tamil Nadu historians themselves hence the kings of Kerala were titled as 'Keralendra' meaning 'the Indra or the king of Kerala' in Kerala history itself just as the sovereign of Kerala was titled as 'Keralaputhra' in Sanskrit since the 3rd century B.C as the Oldest literary works of Kerala and the inscriptions as denoting the Kerala kings itself refers to only three main political entities or Trikshatra in Sanskrit (i.e Kerala, Chola, Pandya) in Dramida or Dramidaka (KL and TN) just as the Oldest literary works of Tamil Nadu itself refers to only three main political entities or Muvendar in Tamil (i.e Sera, Sora, Pandiya) in Tamizhakam (i.e Dramidaka in Sanskrit). : The Vrishni branch of Yadava kings or Kupakas, the southernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala and the Haihaya branch of Yadava kings or Mushakas, the northernmost lunar-dynasty (somakshathriya) of Kerala as found in the historical accounts and in the literary works of Kerala are fabricated to be the successors of the various unhistorical hill-chieftains of the local Tamil Nadu mythology by pseudo-historians (Ex. Kari, the chieftain of Kollimalai (namakkal district) in Tamil Nadu or Pari, the chieftain of Parampumalai (sivaganga district) in Tamil Nadu etc) and similarly, it is only a traditional mythological history of Tamil Nadu in which the Vedic sage Agasthya Muni is believed to have brought various Velirs including Ay-Vel from Dwaraka to the various hills of Tamil Nadu including Pothiyilmalai (tirunelveli district) and not part of Kerala history. : The chieftains of Kerala (i.e Malanadu) such as ‘Chadayan Karunanthar, Sri Vallabhan Karunanthadakan, Vikramaditya Varagunan’ etc as occupying Vizhinjam, Aruviyoor etc in history are belonging to the lineage of the Yadavas and it is known in history that in the 13th century, the Venadu king ‘Kotha Marthanda Varma' sister Umadevi married the Yadava chieftain Jayasimha and their son ‘Ravivarma Kulashekharan’ became the King of Venadu as per the matrilineal order of succession. : These Yadava chieftains of Kerala has never referred to themselves as 'Ay' or 'Ay dynasty' in any of their inscriptions. The Ayar or the 'Aioi tribe' as mentioned by the Greek traveler Ptolemy in the 2nd century C.E were an agro-pastoral community of Kerala whereas the Kareioi (Karaiyar tribe) and Battoi (Vedar tribe) as mentioned by Ptolemy are the fishing and hunting community of Tamil Nadu and not a separate Kingdom. : The literary works of tamil nadu now called as 'sangam literature's' by modern scholars as found written in a mixture of Tamil script, Grantha script and Telugu script which refers to the kings and regions of Kerala (i.e seralam in tamil) and numerous other chieftains of the mountainous tracts and elsewhere in Tamil Nadu region such as Andiran, Nandan, Pekan, Nalli, Ori, Kari etc are not historical documents or historical figures but a collection of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology of Tamil Nadu as written in Tamil language between 8th century C.E and 13th century C.E. (ex. pattitrupattu, purananuru, agananuru, silapathikaram, manimegalai etc) as per several historians whereas the oldest Kannada literature is dated to the 9th century C.E , and the oldest Telugu literature is dated to the 11th century C.E, and the oldest Malayalam literature is dated to the 12th century C.E. : For Example: The characters of 'Kannagi and Kovalan' in the Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu is 'Kanyavu and Balakan' in the native Old Malayalam ballad of Kerala known as 'Thottam Paattu' in which 'Kanyavu' killed the Pandian king and burned down Madurai and Lord Shiva established her abode at Thiruvanchikulam (i.e Kodungallur) in the Kerala tradition. : The Jain prequel 'Silapathikaram' and the Buddhist sequel 'Manimegalai' of Tamil Nadu are abounded in the references to Brahmanas, Vedic Yajnas and even the art forms of Kerala as present to this very day but the story and the pseudonym or the characters of Ilango adikal, Kannagi, Kovalan, Senguttuvan, Nedumchezhiyan etc are neither historical figures nor historical documents but fictional characters of the traditional mythology of Tamil Nadu and not part of Kerala tradition.

@Nithin90

Жыл бұрын

​@@cotter266 Please ask any honest historians. The south Indian invaders from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc until the 12th century C.E have referred to the various Malayali kings of Kerala (Malabar) by their hereditary titles such as Ramaghata Mushaka (i.e Vallabhapattanam king), Vira Kerala (i.e Mahodhayapattanam king), Kupaka (Kolambhapattanam king) etc as situated in the present day Kerala as 'Sera, Serala, Chera, Cherama etc' in their Dravidian languages and as 'Kerala' in Sanskrit until the 12th Century C.E as it is the kings of Kerala (i.e Keraladesha in Sanskrit) or Malabar (i.e Malayalam) as consisting of the Kshatriyas aka Samantas (w/ Sacred Thread) referred to as 'Kovil Adhikarikal, Chakravarthikal, Naduvazhikal etc' in Kerala (Malabar) history who were titled as 'Kerala or Chera or Malayala' in all of known Indian history. For Example: "Kerala is not only the country, but also the Kshathriya-king inhabiting the country" - Vaarthika of Kaathyayana pre-3rd Century B.C The Earliest extant Kerala literary works refers to Kerala as the Crown of Bharata (i.e Indian subcontinent) in which the Keralites from Kolavishaya (Kolathunadu) to Velavishaya (Venadu) as conducting trade among the Foreign Traders from abroad and south India referred to as Cheenas (Chinese), Yonakas (Middle-Easterners), Thulukkas (Thurukshas), Kannadas (Karnata), Chozhiyas (Chola), Pandiyas (Pandya) etc in the marketplace of the prominent cities of the Kerala-Country (i.e Keraladesha) referred to as 'Male or Malabar' by the Foreign Travelers since the 6th Century C.E in the historical accounts or as 'Kerala' in the various Sanskrit literary works of ancient India. For Example: Raghuvamsha - Kalidasa - 5th Century C.E - "....Kerala yoshitham alakeshu... - meaning - "the locks of curled hair of the Kerala women" It is the Europeans beginning with the Portuguese who have referred to the people of Tamil Nadu including their Indentured Labourers as 'Tamuls' (Tamils) after the name of their local language whereas the people of Tamil Nadu or ‘Tamils’ irrespective of caste were referred to as a 'Pandi, Chola, Konga, Thonda' in all of known Indian history including Kerala (Malabar) history in which the large number of Tamils referred to as 'Tamuls' by the Europeans who took refuge in Malabar (Kerala) from Madurai Sultan, Madurai Nayaks etc until the 18th Century C.E or the Tamil Plantation Workers thereafter were collectively referred to as a 'Pandi' by the Matrilineal castes of Kerala (Malabar) including Ezhavas in history (ex. Pandi Pattar, Pandi Vellala, Pandi Ezhava, Pandi Pulaya, Pandi Kurava etc). There are numerous references to Untouchability (i.e Theendathar in Tamil), Slavery (i.e Adimaikal in Tamil) etc in the literary works and inscriptions of Tamil Nadu in history as For Example, there are more than 15 types of Slaves mentioned in the Chola inscriptions of Tamil Nadu including Slaves who were bought in the open market as attested by their own Tamil Nadu historians themselves and similarly, the South Indian Inscriptions of the Chola kings as translated by the Epigraphist E. Hultzsch itself refers to various settlements of the caste-group 'Ezhavas (Ezhaseri), Paraiyas (Paraiseri), Pulaiyas (Pulaiseri) etc' in Tamil Nadu between the 10th Century and 11th Century C.E For Example: “Evoor itta thengum panaiyum Ezhavar era peraadaagavum” - Leiden plates of Raja Raja Chola - 10th century C.E : Translation - “The Ezhavas should not climb the Coconut trees and Palmyra trees planted in this village.' The pseudo-historians of Kerala are brainwashing the Malayalis into beleiving that the caste-group Ezhava, Pulaya, Kurava etc were only in Kerala and that the local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures' are devoid of Hindu Gods etc when the term 'Varunan' meaning the god of the Neythal (coastal) region since the Oldest Tamil Nadu literary work Tholkappiyam itself is the transliteration of the Sanskrit term 'Varuna' of the Vedic scriptures since Rig Veda. For Example: 'Hereditary Monarchy' was the form of government in the 'Sangam Literatures' of Tamil Nadu as according to the Tamil Nadu historians themselves in which the Three kings of 'Sera, Sora, Pandiya' (i.e Kerala, Chola, Pandya in Sanskrit) or 'Moovendar' were referred to as 'Uyarnthor or Uyarpirappalar' (i.e High-Born in Tamil) who were entitled to study the Vedas (i.e Vetha or Othu in Tamil) and to conduct the Vedic rituals such as Rajasuya (i.e Irachacuyam in Tamil) and to wear the triple-stranded Sacred Thread (i.e Poonool or Muppirinool in Tamil) like the Brahmanas (i.e Paarppanar in Tamil) unlike the various unhistorical hill-chieftains of their local Tamil Nadu mythology now called as 'Sangam Literatures' such as Kari, the unhistorical chieftain of Kollimalai (namakkal district) in Tamil Nadu or Pari, the unhistorical chieftain of Parampumalai (sivaganga district) in Tamil Nadu or Ay-Andiran, the unhistorical chieftain of Pothiyilmalai (thirunelveli district) in Tamil Nadu etc whereas the caste-group such as 'Pulaiyas' etc were referred to as 'Izhinthor or Izhipirappalar' (i.e Low-Born in Tamil) who performed the occupations such as burning the dead in the cremation ground etc. For Example: "Are you the son of a Neecha (chandala) to steal a cow and escape by such a path ? Confess the truth! You must be a Pulaiya fellow, surely, and we shall drive you away from our midst". - Manimegalai (sangam literature). - Chapter 10

Hi Kerala Tourism , What's the progress of the pattanam excavation ? Are there any interesting archeological findings ?

@sebastiankt2421

3 ай бұрын

പറവൂർ നഗരത്തിൽനിന്നും കഷ്ടിച്ച് 2കിലോമീറ്റർസഞ്ച രിച്ചാൽമുസ്രിസ്പട്ടണത്തെത്താം.അവിടെനിന്നുംകണ്ടെടുത്ത അതിപുരാതനവസ്തു ക്കൾപ്റദർശിപ്പിക്കുന്നമ്യൂസിയംകാണാംറോഡുമാർഗ്ഗമേഎത്താൻപറ്റൂ.ഇവിടത്തെടൂറിസ്റ്റഗൈഡുകൾക്കുപ ണംവാരുന്നബോട്ടുയാത്റക്കാണുതാൽപര്യം,ഈമ്യൂസിയത്തെപ്പറ്റിമിണ്ടാറില്ല.

Great Muziris

@gvaanang

5 жыл бұрын

Great ok, but its tamil....

@ajomathew6190

3 жыл бұрын

@@gvaanang not only tamil, but also malayalis lived here for 2500 years ago.

@gvaanang

3 жыл бұрын

@@ajomathew6190 but no malayalam...u r all under the roof of Tamilakam

@ajomathew6190

3 жыл бұрын

@@gvaanang we are not under roof any tamil kingdom. Because the Tamil kingdom lost its glory after aryans friendly relation with last cheraman. After death of last cheraman there is no succer rule there kingdom, so Aryans came to know this they come & take power of his throne. Then they conquered all land which is under cheraman rule then they were called as Zamorin of Calicut. The tamil people who were living here many centuries ago till next generations were migrated some other parts of land. The Zamorin gave new name to this Kingdom as kingdom of Cochin/kochi.

@ak-jp6wm

3 жыл бұрын

@@gvaanang no tamil roots our language malayalam have roots of Sanskrit and half tamil. it also mentioned in ramayana mucheri city .

പ്ലീസ് മലയാളത്തിൽ പറയു. ഒന്നും മനസിലാകുന്നില്ല 🤔🤔🤔

@keralatourism

3 жыл бұрын

വൈകാതെ മലയാളത്തിൽ വീഡിയോ ചെയ്യുന്നതാണ്😊

Muziris land where christainity 1st entered India... St Thomas came here.

'Why should Liga come to Kerala to kill herself?'... Read more at: english.manoramaonline.com/news/kerala/2018/04/24/liga-mystery-death-sister-concerns-kerala.html

😮😮❤

malayalathil parayumo

@keralatourism

3 жыл бұрын

വൈകാതെ മലയാളത്തിൽ വീഡിയോ ചെയ്യുന്നതാണ്😊

first comment yaay :)

Is Munchirai the ancient 'Muziris'? - An interview kzread.info/dash/bejne/oHt7rbuEidOveZM.htmlsi=hsI7gnw_s3-bTFdr முஞ்சிறை என்பது பழங்கால முசிறியா? - ஒரு நேர்காணல் മുഞ്ചിറ എന്നത് പുരാതന 'മുസിരിസ്' ആണോ? - ഒരു അഭിമുഖം #TheDiscoveryOfMuziris #DrAntoGeorge

മുസീരിസ് മുൻചിറയൊ kzread.info/dash/bejne/oHt7rbuEidOveZM.htmlsi=v9G96jcVkDTzWHEW

Is Munchirai the ancient 'Muziris'? - An interview முஞ்சிறை என்பது பழங்கால முசிறியா? - ஒரு நேர்காணல் മുഞ്ചിറ എന്നത് പുരാതന 'മുസിരിസ്' ആണോ? - ഒരു അഭിമുഖം kzread.info/dash/bejne/oHt7rbuEidOveZM.htmlsi=hsI7gnw_s3-bTFdr #TheDiscoveryOfMuziris #DrAntoGeorge

Its a tamil settlement of sangam era...not Christian or bramin influanced civilization....hope kerala government goes all the way with complete excavation...

@keralatourism

5 жыл бұрын

Thank you

@gvaanang

5 жыл бұрын

@@keralatourism hope kerala government does excavation of entire land to bring true history out of soil...

@mr.100rupeesboris6

5 жыл бұрын

@@Nithin90 Haha epic reply bro 😅 I think he is mad. Lol

@chandrakumars4370

3 жыл бұрын

Muzuri..is port city of The Legant Chera's dynasty..he is the Tamil King.. don't change the history..the language Malayalam story begins..13or 14th century..also nearly 80%of the Malayalam language belonging to Tamil...

@zdxlil1662

3 жыл бұрын

@Chandra Kumar S What a joke. Tamil people always claiming everything as always!😂😂