Imagine taking a class with this guy... Jesus.

@ScottJB

4 жыл бұрын

Weird mannerisms but you can tell he's passionate about it and could make the subject more fascinating than a dry, monotonous professor

@Luke-eg1gn

4 жыл бұрын

He's just a little boy. Never had to grow up. Have some pity.

@rupertmurdoch469

3 жыл бұрын

@@Luke-eg1gn lol😂

@fearmor3855

3 жыл бұрын

@@ScottJB I mean he's also wrong about just about everything

@tagorewithlyric4394

3 жыл бұрын

@@fearmor3855 could you please clarify?

That's a shame. I wanted to know more about the Indo-European dual.

@faarsight

7 жыл бұрын

Yeah, why else would one click a video called "the Indo-European dual"?

@laughingdaffodils5450

7 жыл бұрын

Yeah I was hoping for some insight into the Indo-European dual and instead get this guy talking about Indo-European invasion theory as if it that was actually something that happened, as if it were 1920 and we didn't know any better.

@garyrector7394

7 жыл бұрын

Yeah, me too.

@MichToJoshya

7 жыл бұрын

You can learn Sanskrit. That ancient language of Hindus (Aryans). It still has all 3 cases, single, dual, plural intact. Its used defacto in most languages from sanskrit eg. marathi hindi etc.

@garyrector7394

7 жыл бұрын

The singular, dual, and plural are not cases. They are numbers. Cases are things like nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative, and the like.

The sanskrit dual 1) vrksa (tree) (m) Vrksau Vrksau Vrksabhyam Vrksabhyam Vrksabhyam Vrksayoh Vrksayoh Vrksau 2) Kupi (bottle) (f) Kupyau Kupyau Kupibhyam Kupibhyam Kupibhyam Kupyoh Kupyoh Kupyau 3) dvara (door) (n) Dvare Dvare Dvarabhyam Dvarabhyam Dvarabhyam Dvarayoh Dvarayoh Dvare.

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

OK, also in Slovene we have kupica, dveri etc. But, please write excample of verb such as have or be. Or adjective suchas closer, smaller etc.

Dual language forms are kept in Sanskrit, I believe Sanskrit is the most closest to old Indo European language.

@angeloreyes1951

4 жыл бұрын

There is a dual form in old church slavonic also which is ironically not as old as one would think it is, it is still being used today in slavic orthodox christian masses, only slovenian retained this dual form out of all slavic languages.

@user-tr7hv2fp8q

Жыл бұрын

each branch has their archaic lang and each daughter langs contribute to the proto forms living: icelandic, lithuanian, indic lang idk that branch most archaic, going to extinct: tocharian, ancient greek, sanskrit, hittite, etc.

@user-tr7hv2fp8q

Жыл бұрын

going to the extinct section* also some like luwian dacian thracian, etc are not included cuz of not enough inscriptions left to determine their branch still valuable tho

According to the map, even the mongols speak indo-european

@gwhats

4 жыл бұрын

And the Estonians.... 🙄

@georgebalint6130

3 жыл бұрын

According to the map Britain and Ireland don’t exist...

@Pejannator

3 жыл бұрын

Well, Russian is an officlal language in parts of Mongolia and thereby he's right.

@Pejannator

3 жыл бұрын

@@gwhats Russian is an official language in parts of Estonia, so he's right. Russians make up 25% of the Estonian population.

@sohafeln

3 жыл бұрын

@@Pejannator Because of the Soviet Russia they can speak Russian very well but does it mean their official language is Russian?

This guy is really really excited about linguistics.

I love how enthusiastic this guy is it makes the topic 100 times more interesting I wish more of my teachers were like this

@janelota8897

4 жыл бұрын

a lot of this information is wrong but ok

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

Good narration, buzt he missed the topic.

Beautiful! ❤️ Take a bow, Mark Damen! I hope this world gets you!

The video is factually incorrect.

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

Noi, he is just missing the point. Maybe he didn`t read topic before he started. :D

@demonte6582

3 жыл бұрын

@@bojanstare8667 a short time he was talking about "two"...

@vesnaznidarkadunc1305

2 жыл бұрын

@@bojanstare8667, pozabil je pogledat dvakrat.

He's talking a lot of nonsense. The Modern English word Two came from the Anglo-Saxon Twa or Twaen, neither of which had an O in it. They have become Two and Twain. In Dutch, which also came from Protogermanic, the word is Twee, again with no O. The word ending O has nothing to do with the Indo-European language. What's more, several languages have had dual in fairly recent times. The English word was Wit, meaning "We two". The w in "two" was pronounced through the Middle Ages, and "one" rhymed with "bone". The idea that our measurement of horses comes from Indo-European is absurd. Also, the idea that we are obsessed with the number three, makes no sense. Of course you can list things that come in threes. You can in every language. This guy has the gift of the gab, but he doesn't know what he's talking about. He has a tiny bit of knowledge, enough to fool the average person, but to educated linguists he's a joke. He has no expertise.

@TotalRookie_LV

5 жыл бұрын

That "twa" seem to be pretty close to Slavic "dwa". I'm not a linguist, but his talk seemed to turn into "technobabble" at some point even to me. After all, this is just TEDx, even Shelldrake and other nonsense made it's way here.

@geoffreyharris5931

5 жыл бұрын

Actually organizing things in 3's is an indo-european trait. Look up the Welsh triads, the statement of the celts to Alexander, the 3 classes, the 3's in the tales etc.

@TotalRookie_LV

5 жыл бұрын

@@geoffreyharris5931 Hmmm, maybe, in our beliefs and fairy tales three and nine are magic and lucky numbers. Fairy tales often start with "aiz trejdeviņām zemēm" ("beyond three by nine countries" basically - "far far away", sort of like "Star Wars" movies started).

@catocall7323

5 жыл бұрын

@@geoffreyharris5931 Heaven, Earth and Man. The three treasures. These are important concepts to the Chinese. Organizing things in triads isn't just an indo-european thing.

@cezarstefanseghjucan

5 жыл бұрын

Old English is truly West Germanic, by the time of Middle English, however, the line between North & West Germanic begins to blur. A great shift has happened under the Danelaw, swept under the rug. This is why English is more like Norwegian, Swedish and Danish, rather than German or Dutch. This is why the English 'two' is more alike the Norwegian & Danish 'to' than anything else.

The first thing said in a Ted Talk is supposed to accomplish many things. The first thing in this talk was as compelling as any start of a Ted Talk I've ever heard. On a subject so arcane that even learning it and liking it doesnt change that it's boring, "technically". But to me, this was so so so COOL.

Here in Lithuania we still have preserved a dual pronoun (mudu, abudu) and dual verb form. And many other good old features of proto-indoeuropean. i. e. we need only one word (MATĖVA) to say that action (to see- MATYTI) was done by pair of people (ending- VA) in the past (ending Ė). Nice.

@ownpetard8379

7 жыл бұрын

The root of mateva - presumably, mate - is the Greek word for eye. (Could the VA be for the 2 eyes, rather than 2 people?) I've read that Lithuanian is the closest language to proto-IE. (I do not know where Sanskrit fits in.)

@aistta

7 жыл бұрын

No, Own Petard. i am Lithuanian. This is lithuanian verb , and the root is MAT-, and the ending -ĖVA (or -OVA) means exactly that the action was completed by pair of people. You can construct a million other werbs with this ending.

@fil-tiliusvaliunas8532

7 жыл бұрын

the oldest and most archaic indo-european language is Lithuanian. Lithuanian is older and the ancestor of Sanskrit. Linguists who are unfamiliar with Lithuanian classify it with Slavic, this is as wrong as Celto-Germanic, or Greco-Romantic. Yes both Lietuviskai and Slavinski have borrowed words from each other, but that does not imply a relationship, grammar and other differences show only a distant relationship.

@ownpetard8379

7 жыл бұрын

aistta Not meant to be argumentative, but no one needs two people to confirm that one of them has seen something. On the other hand, it is comforting to say, as in English, that 'I saw it with my own two eyes' - a common expression. Therefore, even though Lithuanian has its own words for 'eye', I think it is reasonable that 'long ago', the same root as the Greek word for eye, mat, was shared with Lithuanian, and the eva/ova ending added, to denote 'two eyes', meaning 'I saw'.

@aistta

7 жыл бұрын

Own Petard however you are argumentative :) You didn't understand me. Well, I am not so fluent in English. But being native Lithuanian I know exactly what the word matyti means and what the endings, like OVA mean. Matėva means, that I and my pair (husband for ex.) have seen smth. together. Your assumptions are wrong. As I said, by adding the ending VA to ANY verb, you costruct the verb form, meaning that pair of people (I and my pair) were doing something together. For example, ėjova (we went together, me and my husband...). I think, it is comfortable to ad an ending to one word rather than explain action in 7 words, like in English, imho.

The lecture started out interesting but quickly sank into a multicultural sermon. Moreover, most historians and linguists do not view the invasion and displacement theory as an adequate explanation for the spread of Indo-European language. Rather, much of its growth occurred through diffusion with the horse culture, the wheel and the spread of agriculture.

@Andrew513Fisher

7 жыл бұрын

Ted Timmis I agree with multiculturalism: reinforce border security so that countries can preserve their separate cultures. true multiculturalism on a large scale can only be preserved by reducing it from occurring on a small scale

@telltellyn

7 жыл бұрын

"reinforce border security so that countries can preserve their separate cultures" But what does that mean on a practical level? Do you not let people in if they're too different? How do you define "too different"? France and the UK are vastly different culturally, should we be forbidding any French people from entering the UK, and vice versa? Would the government get to decide which cultural practices you must perform? I understand the concern of cultures becoming jumbled together by multiculturalism, but what exactly is the alternative, back in reality? Culture being changed via its influences has been happening for all of human history, and the world was relatively 'globalised' by the time of the Silk Road.

@tedtimmis8135

7 жыл бұрын

nextpkfr So, I suppose you have no issue if your country is flooded with immigrants who have views and beliefs antithetical to yours.

@jmedlin81

4 жыл бұрын

@@Andrew513Fisher Well said, Andrew. Preserve diversity, no more slapdash melting pots that destroy peoples lives.

@amadeusalberto4959

4 жыл бұрын

Well, you're delayed or in another world, because it is genetically and archeologically proved that it was an invation by yamnaya because europe was occupied by 2 mixed population (hunter-gatherers and farmers from neolithic).

Proud to say Sanskrit has still preserved the dual number. I don't know which other languages have.

@proksenospapias9327

5 жыл бұрын

Why would you be proud of that?

@user-vo8ep8jz8c

5 жыл бұрын

@@proksenospapias9327 well it's a rare feature I guess so...

@changenoways9555

4 жыл бұрын

@@proksenospapias9327 because he has nothing else to be proud of

@user-ld3jo5xp8o

4 жыл бұрын

It's because he is a dead language about 2k years)

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

Also Slovene language has dual form of nouns, verbs, and adjectives. And if you learn it, you don`t need to use OVS syntax, but just VS. Here is example: Singular Dual Plural I am Jaz sem We are Midva sva We are Mi smo she Medve sva she Me smo You are Ti si You are Vidva sta You are Vi ste she Vedve ste she Ve ste He is On je They are Onadva sta They are Oni so She is Ona je They are Onidve sta They are One so It is Ono je - First is object and second is verb. Of course is also defferent gender. In some ways it will be also different gender in plural verbs. I don`t speak Sanskrt. I know that alot of words are the same with the same meaning. Also word Veda using we every day. I know also that name of our river Drava means fluid or fast in old Sanskrt. And by the way, in Europe is one more language - Lusatian Sorbian language. And that is all.

Sanskrit is still alive but only spoken by 100,000 people.

@rameshraghothama8324

Жыл бұрын

Those who claim to be speaking Sanskrit are lying. They speak a pidgin dialect mixed with Dravidian languages.

lots of misinformation here, I think

@demonte6582

3 жыл бұрын

no, its ok. But its school. Not an academic level.

The o of two is from OE twa with a long a that like the long a in stone stan is an earlier *ai; it is not the thematic dual ending -o

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

It is just dvojina in Slovene. And that`s means duality of nouns, verbs and adjectives.

Thank you for doing a TEDx talk. Please do many more. Language is culture and we would all do well to remember that we can create our own culture and don't have to be limited by what might have come before us. Well done.

Green eyed afghan here, proud Indo-Ueropean :D

@Holy_hand-grenade

7 жыл бұрын

Hamza Tahir Now we just need to know what our ancestors worshipped so we can do away with the garbage abrahamic religions. my guess is it was something close to Zoroastrianism.

@whendidyoutubeaddhandles

7 жыл бұрын

alexreising85 god, that would be such a blessing man

@76rjackson

7 жыл бұрын

alexreising85 like the dude said, they worshipped a tripartite deity. They were crazy about 3. Father, Son , holy , Ghost. Check out Bhuddism if you want to live a principled life for the sake of being a good person and not because you are told what to do. You can even pick what god you want to believe in as Buddhist doctrine doesn't exclude the worship of a deity, rather it seeks to awaken the divine within you.

@edoardocalamassi3997

7 жыл бұрын

It's not at all difficult, you can know what they worshipped if you study Rig Veda and the work of Elemire Zolla.

I love his delivery and his last point, are we better becoming as one or retaining our differences, is the core of the whole thing!

@px1690

3 жыл бұрын

the more you exchange ideas and borrow from each other the more similar it will become... so losing differences is inevitable in the end..

@VikingMuayThai

3 жыл бұрын

Why not both?

Answer: a monolithic culture can compel others to act the same way, believe the same things, and follow the same leader. But it also creates a plethora of yes-men, people good at soothing the consciousness of flawed leaders but unable to see anything wrong when things go wrong. Even if consensus is harder to achieve it is far more effective.

@rameshraghothama8324

Жыл бұрын

Indo European cultures have survived only because they are not monolithic, in fact that's how they expanded - frequent infighting and wars causing the less fortunate ones to find better fortune and luck elsewhere without losing the core language structure or key cultural aspects - especially the positive relationship with *dogs* and horses. I know not of any IE language speaking culture that consumes dogs for food or hunts dogs for sport. IE people did conduct horse sacrifices , but did not eat horses regularly . The French 'tradition' of eating horses comes from Napoleons ill advised and disastrous campaign in Russia , when surviving soldiers were forced to slaughter their horses to prevent death by starvation.

“Yes, thousands of years ago there lived the ancestor to... >can’t remember because he pulled it off google images _”These_ languages”

I understand English, and I'm not Indo-European. Surprise!

@spaceslav8954

4 жыл бұрын

You are (at least partially) (by culture).

@michaelcarley9866

3 жыл бұрын

He implied that if you know English you are from Indo-Europeans. Which is silly like himself.

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

@Mat A Why western Europe? Is it just western Europe of PIE origin?

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

@Mat A You are almost the same as him. You forget about 1 billion people.

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

@Mat A Not Ucraine and south Russia,but nowadays Kazahstan and Afganistan region.

why is everyone talking smack on him, he did a great job introducing the ie, esp for most people who dont know much about the history of language.

@amirghorvei1126

4 жыл бұрын

Because he was straight up lying about his etymological findings. Look at the comments again and think critically.

love the delivery

IS HE HYPE OR IS HE HIGH WE JUST DON'T KNOW

@YiannissB.

3 жыл бұрын

I’d like to think he’s a really stressed introvert that got to speak to an uncomfortably large crowd. I don’t think so but I’d like to

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

@@YiannissB. That is normal for American professor studying old Greek language.

Greatest Professor I ever had.

So what about "octo" - it's double amount of what? And what relations does it have with horses?

@webbess1

3 жыл бұрын

Watch it again. He said it is a double of four.

Fuck, I was hoping for a discussion on the traditional PIE reconstruction vs. glotallic theory. Forgot that duel is spelled that way.

Wow, TED has really gone down hill

@MimKoRn

5 жыл бұрын

It's TEDx - the x stands for "did not pass quality checks"

I bet he's the kinda guy that loves spending time with his wife's son.

I have an alternative hypothesis- During the bronze age tin had to be transported long distances and these trade networks developed a pidgin. Let's call it the copper-tin trade pidgin. And since tin was mainly found in Britain and Afghanistan you get the wide ranging distribution of the languages. And since the Hittite was a bronze metalworking powerhouse, you got a trade pidgin based on Hittite.

The really interesting thing about the Indo-European dual is not that it exists but that it is used in interesting ways. Vedic Mitrau Varunau (both nouns in the dual) does not mean "the two Mitras and two Varunas: but "the pair consisting of Mitra and Varuna." That construction is the devatta dvandva; more interestingly Asvinau doesn't mean "the two horsemen" but "the Horseman and his brother" (an elliptical dvandva). The poet of the Iliad no longer understood Aiante as "Ajax and his brother" but took it as "the two Ajaxes"; nevertheless, the tradition still included Ajax's brother so when the two Ajaxes appear in the Iliad they bring their little brothers along with them. Instead of this interesting fact we have to listen to a bunch of extreme Whorfean crap about language determining culture and confusing linguistic learning with genetic inheritance.

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

You are right. But pls you have to next comment under your, and youwill see for which people is excellent professor. lol

@user-tr7hv2fp8q

Жыл бұрын

dvandva is still used like tofugu explained in Japanese rendaku concept also existed a wikipedia page.

@Giacomo_Nerone

Жыл бұрын

​@@user-tr7hv2fp8q It went there with an Indian Prince

@jboss1073

Жыл бұрын

This is what I came here expecting to watch, but halfway through the video the presenter abandoned his own premise and turned his presentation into a 1930s romanticist view of what languages are. Very sad.

Great talk. I really think that spreading he's referring to is a human trait. After all, our species emerged in or around South Africa, and look at where we are now.

Anyone who wants to learn dual, can start learning Slovenian. It is fully preserved and used in everyday live (but with 6 cases, not the original 8 of the indoeuropean).

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

Sanskrt has 7 cases. But no language (except Slovene and Lusatian Sorbian) has full duality of nouns, verbs and adjectives. P.s.: če se ti da, ti priložim primer, da drugi sploh ugotovijo, kaj je to dvojina. Večina sploh nima pojma. Litvanec se je nekaj duval, potem je pa prebral in izjavil sorry. Tudi moderni Sanskrt nima polne dvojine, kot jo ima stari. Pa še ena zanimivost. Bolj, ko je Sanskrt starejši, volj je podoben slovenščini. Singular Dual Plural I am Jaz sem We are Midva sva We are Mi smo she Medve sva she Me smo You are Ti si You are Vidva sta You are Vi ste she Vedve ste she Ve ste He is On je They are Onadva sta They are Oni so She is Ona je They are Onidve sta They are One so It is Ono je - First is object and second is verb. Of course is also defferent gender. In some ways it will be also different gender in plural verbs. I don`t speak Sanskrt. I know that alot of words are the same with the same meaning. Also word Veda using we every day. I know also that name of our river Drava means fluid or fast in old Sanskrt.

@vesnaznidarkadunc1305

2 жыл бұрын

@@bojanstare8667, itak, saj se jeziki sčasoma razvijajo vsaksebi.

@infinite5795

2 жыл бұрын

@@bojanstare8667 Latin has 7 cases, Sanskrit has 8 cases inherited from PIE, as Ancient Greek.

Hoping to see a TED talk for the genealogically related Philippine Language - some time in the far future

@user-tr7hv2fp8q

Жыл бұрын

austronesian time

@Giacomo_Nerone

Жыл бұрын

Phillipine?? No way

Reversed eurocentrist bullcrap - -'

Wow Awesome!

Ah damn , he's right about the three number example . I've never thought about it before but we do that all the time , don't we ? Lol stating two facts just doesn't feel enough most of the time in everyday speech . It's almost like a linguistic obsession - mindblown

He's clearly not a historical linguist.

Great speech in demonstrating how PIE dual was spread and revolutionized the perception of the globalized world and its impact on cultures different in language evolution.

Powerful.

I want more from this guy! Also, my father spoke a Scottish dialect in which the second number was pronounced ‘twoh’, plus, English’s relative lack of inflections shifts the burden onto phrases to preserve the dual in terms like: both, a pair, a brace, a couple, either. And equivalents in other modern languages. It’s not gone, just transformed.

It’s so interesting to read some of the comments in light of the explosion of ancient dna scholarship in the last couple of years. “You ain’t seen nothing yet”.

@demonte6582

3 жыл бұрын

?

Indo European isn't a race really!! Come to India and experience caste system Men preserving their r1a1a

@johnhughes8850

4 жыл бұрын

You are correct. Indo-European is a language, therefore a culture. Different "peoples" could have spoken it.

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

Also Slavs preserve R1a1. In Slovene we have still 43% of R1a1. And duality also. That means for nouns, verbs and adjectives.

@timoloef

2 жыл бұрын

once upon a time the indo-europeans was confused with the descendents of Japhet... it would be a race then. Scholars have abandoned this idea, but the interesting part is that the bible notes his family tree and we roughly know were they lived. Guess what? It matches very closely with how the indo-europeans moved and spread their culture.

The closest relative of the Indo European language is Sanskrit and it has dual, 3 gender forms and 8 cases which is the maximum representation. Also if you look at the numbers I Sanskrit 1-Eka 2-Dwi 3-tri 4-Chatur 5-Pancha 7-Sapta 8-ashta 9-nava 10-dasha And even forms like Vayam- we Youyam - you Theyam - they And several basic words, it shows similarities with other languages of this branch. Also it to known if an ancient language newly discovered is of this branch it is always compared with Sanskrit to confirm. Having said that the current hypothesis that the language and people who were the creators of this language family did not live closer to Europe or Central Asia but they lived closer to India. They lived in the India-Pakistan region and the tribes that lived in the outskirts slowly migrated and spread the language vis war, trade etc to Europe.

@raghavarvoltore6517

5 жыл бұрын

Yes exactly. It makes more sense. But unfortunately many people won't believe or accept that.

@mahavirsingh8469

3 жыл бұрын

also pitra -father bhatr- brother matr -mother navik- navigation and so on....

@fearmor3855

3 жыл бұрын

Would it not make sense for the origin to be in a central location? Also we know there are IE languages older than Sanskrit, see Hittite which was spoken in modern Turkey, that we have direct attestation of, the out of India theory is pretty wrong and illogical of you think about dates and cultural interaction. It'd be highly unlikely for a language family to spread out of India and then reach all the way to the most western reaches of Europe, as opposed to branching out from the Caucasus and reaching both Western Europe and India, its just a shorter distance and requires a lot less of "If X went well" to work

British Punjabi. Double The Indo European.

@TheSiddharthCool

7 жыл бұрын

LOL!

@pabslondon

6 жыл бұрын

Technically you're triple Indo European since English vocab is 50% Germanic via the Anglo Saxons and 50% Romance via French

@pabslondon

3 жыл бұрын

@@tarasdiakiv8032 You should complain to the guy in the video because at 6:33 he says 'Everybody in this room who speaks or understands English is Indo-European'. The guy I replied to made a joke about being double the Indo-European based on this premise. I then expanded on that pointing out English gets its vocab from Germanic and Romance families. In any case if the person I replied to is Punjabi, he may well have Vedic, Scythian and Greek ancestry.

The only really remarkable thing about this is his ability to speak for 14 mins about this topic without using the word "Aryan" even once

@Giacomo_Nerone

Жыл бұрын

😂 Very Sensitive Topic

BTW, the early Indo-Europeans DID have a name for themselves, contrary to what he said. They called themselves "Arya" or "Noble ones". It's there in Vedic and Iranian literature and it's still there in all the surviving words and cognates from the original term (Iran, Eire-land, honor, Ehre...). In old Persian the domain of the early Iranians/Indo-Europeans/Aryans was known as "Airyana-Vaeja" or "Lands of the Aryans" or "Arya-Varta" in Vedic literature.

@kathrinat9824

4 жыл бұрын

Hey, so you think Ire-land comes from the word Arya? I heard that etymology very much disproved. I'd love to hear your opinion/sources. It's been a question of mine since I was 14

@rameshraghothama8324

Жыл бұрын

Zoroaster says the first land created by god was Aryanam-Vaeja and it was the land which drew water from the cosmic ocean (skies) and this fresh water was channeled as rivers , and something similar in old Vedic literature . So it has to be the mountains of the Pamirs or Central Hindukush ( Ghor province) . Arya itself means nobleman - which in turn refers to a town-dweller not a steppe barbarian , and the term Arya ( civilized, mannered) is contrasted with Barbara ( uncouth , stammering ) . The Barbarians were called degraded Aryans simply because they may have lost out in the towns regulated environment and formed rebellious wild bands escaping into the steppes to seek fortune elsewhere .

@AereForst

Жыл бұрын

@@rameshraghothama8324 I’m getting a distinct ideological odor in your writing, one that is OIT rather than AIT. am I wrong?

@bezbezzebbyson788

4 ай бұрын

No buddy. Arya seems specific only to Proto-Indo-Iranians. They came almost 1000 years from PIE later. Arya doesn't have an etymology in general PIE only in the recent PIIr branch

@AereForst

4 ай бұрын

@@bezbezzebbyson788 Scroll up and read reference linked above

One, two used to be pronounced "own tw-aw" - confused forms include "w-own tw-aw" and "own taw" - and the present pronunciation, once "wown taw" then "wun too". Change happened after Shakespear. Or became definitive then.

Altaic language speakers- Hit me with a like

@ADIMM0

4 жыл бұрын

The Altaic hypothesis is dead, a bunch of pseudo-linguistics for you.

@qwq6921

4 жыл бұрын

@@ADIMM0 What do you mean Altaic hypothesis is dead?

@bahulecticmethod509

3 жыл бұрын

The only commonality between these languages and peoples are: you are the losers of history. Have a great life!

wonderfull talk,..the kids must've loved it,..thanks.

He must throw fits when remembering that pre-proto Indo-European, before dual, made a distinction between animated-inanimated, and repurposed parts of it for the dual. That is also a very interesting perspective to have when speaking...

Outstanding presentation! I loved it

If there are people in the audience who learned ancient Greek, as Mark Damen presumes, I don't understand why he addresses them as if they are little children.

Can we get to the points or answer the questions?

Diversity or not. Moot question. The important thing is to have goodwill towards each other and sort out problems like adults.

Croatian and Serbian as well have distinctive DUAL form . " two sons" are "dvojica sinova" , or two of us : -"Nas dvojica" .I just didn't know that that form are so ancient. :)

@fearmor3855

3 жыл бұрын

Actually go by the number system here, jedan sin, dva sina, tri sina, četiri sina but once you hit pet it becomes sinova, Serbian and Croatian have 3 numbers yes but the old dual forms have come to mean a few things rather than only two of them and they also can't be used on their own

Hindi an indo European language still retain that D in two, its called dou (two) and in other numbers as das (ten) just to show the similarities between the numbers One - ek Two- dou Three- theen Four - char Five - paanch Six - chuh or cheh Seven - saat Eight - aat Nine - nou Ten - das

@masoudm8917

6 жыл бұрын

Varghese b In persian: One:yek Two:duo Three:se Four:chaar Five:,panj Six:shesh Seven:haft Eight:hasht Nine:noh Ten:dah

@ayushir33

2 жыл бұрын

@@masoudm8917 yes much similarity with Hindi 🙂

@ayushir33

2 жыл бұрын

Yes man 👍🏽👍🏽

Dual is there in Sanskrit, but not in Hindi and other modern Indo Aryan languages

@johanlarsson5425

7 жыл бұрын

Sinhala in sri lanka you have D, Daat (toth)

@tiami3886

7 жыл бұрын

in slovenian and lithuanian there is.

@indicstoic7849

7 жыл бұрын

dant[Tooth] is the sanskrit. daant is the bengali. Daat in Sinhali. Sanskrit is the mother of all languages.

@76rjackson

7 жыл бұрын

Pathik Ghosh No it is not. It's not old enough. There was likely never one original language but several. How long have humans been speaking? If we limit the time frame to just the amount of time the species known as modern humans has been around then perhaps 100k years in southwest Asia. At that time people lived in hunter gatherer bands of perhaps 200 individuals max. Given the geographical dispersion necessitated by their lifestyle bands would have been far flung over wide territories. Even if all bands had begun with a common language, which is impossible, they would each quickly diverge linguistically until, in a few generations, dialects would develop and then, through thoroughly established linguistic principles, the dialects would diverge into different, mutually incomprehensible languages. English diverged from German in a mere 500 or 600 years. How many permutations would the original dialects be capable of undergoing in 100k years? There is simply no way that Sanskrit, Hebrew, or any known language existed 100k years ago because we, the speakers, change our language too much, generation after generation, from the depths of time until now. Furthermore, the earliest fossils of modern humans come from Africa and are actually 200k years old. We do know that the species experienced a genetic bottleneck and population fell at one point to perhaps no more than 6000 to 7000 people. While few in numbers, these people would still have been living in separate, far flung and isolated bands speaking dialects of the languages of the neighboring bands which would diverge into incomprehensible distinct languages in bands whose ranges never intersected. Sanskrit is a difficult and fascinating language but it simply can not be the Ur language of all the world. There never was just one language; after all, we each speak in our own unique way, with special words for use among the family, the neighborhood, the village, etc. Yesteryear's linguistic landscape was admittedly sparser yet still diverse.

@prophetzarthoshtpashtoon200

7 жыл бұрын

Pathik Ghosh sanskrit language descended from pakhto / Bakhdi and pakhto is oldest language in the world.

Omg there is a TED talk about PIE? I’m literally crying of joy.

@fearmor3855

3 жыл бұрын

It's pretty much entirely wrong so don't be too happy

not much from dual information... he didn't even mention Slovenian languag that has the dual...

@vesnaznidarkadunc1305

2 жыл бұрын

V angleščini pa je zgrešil najočitnejši primer: both.

As many commenters have said here, the speech is misleading, the fact that the word for 2 in English ends in an o has nothing to do with the Indoeuropean dual (in fact, in old English it didn't end in o)

@rameshraghothama8324

Жыл бұрын

Most TED-x talks are rife with pseudoscience anyway. Its just a way of making some wealthy people feel privileged by inviting them to expensive conferences

Some interesting information, but that guy is EXTREMELY annoying… even for a TED talker.

Mr. Hat!!!

Cool video

The Greek language is the mother language and it's not random... It is built on mathematics, and even very few know that every word in the Greek has a mathematical background. The letters in the Greek language are not sterile symbols. Upright, upside down, with special intonation, were the total of the 1620 symbols used in Harmony (Music in New Greek). Their most important property is that each letter has a numerical value/amount, each letter is a number, so by extension, every word is a number. A vast knowledge, locked-coded into the words, because of the mathematical quotations they have. One of the pioneers in this area constituted the great Pythagoras. the Greek Alphabet is not copied from somewhere else shows that in the year 2300 BC (by the studies of Tziropoulou and others and not 800 BC) Homer already has access to6.500.000 primary words (first person singular & present tense), which if you multiply by 72 which are the calls, we'll take a huge number that still is not the final, because do not forget that the Greek language is not sterile, it gives birth. Now if you compare for example the English language that has 80,000 words (of which 80% are Greek, as the University of Wales informs us), and measure this sterile language that evolves for 1,000 years, we can effortlessly draw the conclusion that Homer receives a language which has depth in time, such as 100,000 BC; 500,000 BC; who knows...

@nixter888

3 жыл бұрын

@Kostas T Οι παπαριές είναι δικό σου παιχνίδι... χρυσό μου!

i think indo European was more culture than a race...

@anonymkilleanonymsson2906

7 жыл бұрын

The male haplogroup line R1A & R1B are wide spread Aryans stretching from Iceland&Ireland to India. Not just a culture

@rohitp3351

7 жыл бұрын

they're only present in indians and eastern europeans. probabl originating somewhere in the western part of india.

@moesypittounikos

7 жыл бұрын

Oh no, even the experts say it was a race. There was a gene, can't remember, and modern Indian brahmins have that gene!

@matthewrevell2706

7 жыл бұрын

It is a genetic group, ie a race. Iran, Northern India, and All of Europe are all part of this. It is hard science, the only disagreements are where the group originated.

@matthewrevell2706

7 жыл бұрын

Northern Indians are part of the indo europian group, which either began in Southern russia or georgia. The science is in, but it is very controversial in India for some reason.

Does anyone buy this idea I heard, that the IE word for "nine" and the IE word for "new" are similar because after counting to 8 (two full hands) you needed a "new number"?

I agree with the general direction of his talk, but would like to clarify that the word "two" comes from Old English twā - hence some of his illustrations using the word "two" don't really apply. The word twā must have been something like *twai at an earlier stage, hence German zwei.

the delivery of the talk.... made it so hard... to take seriously....

I thought this was going to be about an Indo-European battle

@pabslondon

3 жыл бұрын

That would be duel not dual

The Professor answers his own question at the end - Indo Europeans have thrived because they have greatly diversified across the ages and regions they expanded into and intermarried with various other civilizations they encountered. Something similar happened with the Arab expansion in West Asia and North Africa and Turkic Expansion in Eurasia , as well as Bantu Expansion in Africa and Austronesian expansion in Oceania. History and Sociology and anthropology are not true sciences since they ignore paleo climatology, geology, trade and economics, are prone to speculation , rely on unreliable or contested historical narratives and can be misused for political ends.

In Scots and Frisian the languages closest to English (two) is twae(t-wey) or twa (t-wah). Only southern dialects of English say ( too ).

8:53 Said Western European Indo-Europeans sometimes colonised other Indo-Europeans (ex: Português, Nederlanders, and British in South Asia)

I live in small town in southern Scotland . Yin , Twie , Threy, Fower , Fife , Six , Sern , etc . I live at number Fowerty fower

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

And I live in capitol of Slovenia. Ena, dve, tri. štiri, pet, šest sedem, osem, devet, deset. I live on number petindvajset.

@demonte6582

3 жыл бұрын

@@bojanstare8667 the "pet" (pek?) for 5 is interesting...

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

@@demonte6582 It is pet, sure.

@demonte6582

3 жыл бұрын

@@eikaiwajapan the number words seem to be long. Do the japanese really use them? or shorter versions? I vaguely remember, when doing karate-do.... we counted not exactly that way,

he's funny, just forgot to mention that once upon a time there was no difference between V, U or W ... it was all written with a V

I think was starting to get at Sapir-Whorf... Anyway, “wo” changed to /u/in other words, like who and it’s analogous to /wa/ sounding like/o/ in quarter and quartz in some modern dialects. Like others said, we’re not big on spelling change in English, next closest rivals are French and Russians, everyone else reforms every so many generations so literacy isn’t so complicated...hookt an faniks w’rkt f’r mi!

7:01 Gave up listening. Yes, I was interested in the IE dual. Heck, he could have brought in the Biblical "time, times and half a time" to illustrate his point.

Fantastic video, but this man forgot the English dual word: BOTH.

@ToofaniZindagi

6 жыл бұрын

Monique Cardell doesn't end in O

One point of correction; Indo-european IS a racial/ethnic group(at least ancestrally) northern europeans are about 80% Indo-european in terms of genetic lineage and other groups where the population replacement/conquest was not as conplete(like northern india or areas of the medeterranian) its lower near 20%

Interesting that the "indo-european map" included finland, a uralic speaking country

@girv98

4 жыл бұрын

He said "where an IE language was an official language". Swedish is an official language of Finland

Some languages in the Philippines have numbers like these: One = Una Two = Dua Three = Tres Four = Kwatro Five =Lima Six = Sais Seven = Syete Eight = Otcho Nine =Nuebe Ten = Sangapulu

@fearmor3855

2 жыл бұрын

Those are loanwords from Spanish, not inherited terms

@guardianGod009

Жыл бұрын

My god 2,3,6,7,8,9 are samewhat similar to hindi pronunciation.

@abikmagar1597

Жыл бұрын

@@guardianGod009 Philipines was colonied by spain. So the mordern philipinese were from spanish with is from proto indo-european (ancent steps) which also gave rise to sanskrit from which Hindi derived. Thats why they look similar. isn't is so amazing how from spain steps india philipines all are closely connected even though they are geographically so much far.

@guardianGod009

Жыл бұрын

@@abikmagar1597 yeah...i guess but whatever.

@fearmor3855

Жыл бұрын

@@descendedofrigvedicclans2216 oh come on you can't honestly say that while seven and eight are syete and otcho, literally identical to Spanish

There has been a welcome change in the past twenty years or so, and a lot of progress has been made in challenging Eurocentric paradigms in various fields in the social sciences. Much of the progress has been made in bits and pieces, and there are no cogent multi-cultural frameworks and perspectives yet in most fields. This progress has largely been achieved due to the fact that people from different countries from around the world have taken up positions in eminent and prestigious American and European universities, and have raised objections and concerns on important issues. Thus, we can see a multicultural perspective emerging on different issues (big change even from the year 2000, when many obsolete paradigms of consequence to different cultures remained unchallenged) However, solving a complex puzzle such as that of Indo-European origins is a different ballgame altogether, and requires not only an inter-disciplinary approach, but also a multi-cultural one. What experiential knowledge would an Indian national have of Iceland, Albania, or Kazakhastan? This is easier said than done and requires persistence and dedication. Such endeavours may take decades and will call for proficiency in many different languages, knowledge of different cultures and a thorough grasp on different regional histories as well. I still see this as a distant pipedream, as few researchers have even thought on these lines, as yet. However, raising awareness may expedite things a bit. It is now time to kick start that process! (Note the debate between JP Mallory who represents a more mainstream position and Sir Colin Renfrew)

@rameshraghothama8324

Жыл бұрын

The origin of IE peoples and languages has been in and around Greater Iran, more likely what is now Afghanistan , Tajikistan and Northernmost parts of India-Pakistan.

What a berk!!

"duO law" in italian has one, four and eight as the only numbers ending with an O. Interesting enough if Italian had 2 as well ending wit 'O', than the du"O"-law would apply to the powers of 2 -> 2^n (two to the power of 'n' from 0 to 3): unO (2^0) due (2^1 missing) tre quatrrO (2^2) cinque sei sette ottO (2^3) nove

@nni9310

3 жыл бұрын

Italian is derived from Latin. What is Latin for one, two, four and eight?

Started out interesting then wait.. so if I learn Bantu I'm an African? I wonder why there's such a dogmatic avoidance of genetics..

@B463L

7 жыл бұрын

For the same political reason he kvetched about muh conquest. The only New World culture of any value destroyed by Europeans was the Inca, the rest were doing jack shit- some were even cannibals.

@MichToJoshya

7 жыл бұрын

I don't think they destroyed any culture except new world and african maybe...

@abdiganisugal825

7 жыл бұрын

MichToJoshya African culture is submerged but not destroyed, their languages are spoken in large enough numbers.

@abdiganisugal825

7 жыл бұрын

Jacob Robino Also the mesoamericans did quite a bit. Nativlang did a video on the Maya and Aztec languages with some background on culture and history, I highly recommend it.

@B463L

7 жыл бұрын

Abdigani Sugal True but they were already gone when the Spanish rolled in.

What language did Mal'ta boy's family speak? Pre-Proto-Indo-European?

So Armenian isnt indo european? perfectly omitted in every slide and segment, great job

I go, both of us go, we go. There. Dual case rediscovered. Can we stop sweating over it now?

@bojanstare8667

3 жыл бұрын

Do you need example what duality is?

@vesnaznidarkadunc1305

2 жыл бұрын

jaz grem (singular), midva greva (dual), mi gremo (plural); mesto (town - singular), mesti (two towns), mesta (towns)

I would love him as my professor for all subjects! What passion and discernment! 👌

Too much diversity is a bad thing. It means that fewer people will have common points of reference, fewer shared values, fewer shared ideas of right and wrong. Too little diversity is also a bad thing, as it will eventually choke off different perspectives. Still, a decrease in diversity right now is probably not such a bad thing. Plenty of diversity remains before we get to a dangerous level. Remember, not all perspectives are equally valid. Some are awful and deserve to be displaced by better ones.

yay!!! i'm European :)

@anaaguilar4373

8 жыл бұрын

+Claus Valca Row That's the same thing I thought! ^-^

@jonnyaxelsson9940

5 жыл бұрын

Arguably Indo-European, in the sense able to converse in an Indo-European language. European is not a language group. There are European languages that are not Indo-European, like Hungarian and Basque.

@demonte6582

3 жыл бұрын

@@jonnyaxelsson9940 right. but he can still be an eropean and if he wants to, he can be proud of it. Men needs some business.

This man's excitement is adorable.

he never mentioned the word duet or duo ..

Finnish is not indo european so your map is wrizzzzzznong

@CrnoGoracSFRJ93

7 жыл бұрын

"either as its native tongue or one of its official languages" Swedish is an official language in Finland so I guess he reasond that way. It's similar in Hungary, it's not a proto indo - European language but German is an official minority - language therfore Hungary is also coloured in. That's my best guess to why the map looked the way it did or he didn't want to confuse people with an overly exact map.

@iazygsarmatian4638

7 жыл бұрын

"What is mine, is mine, and what is yours, is mine." - Indo-Europeanists.

@vito7361

4 жыл бұрын

He also marked South Africa because they speak English there but English ain't their native tongue

@schadenfreude000

4 жыл бұрын

@@vito7361 South Africa was marked because of Afrikaans, not English

@vito7361

4 жыл бұрын

@@schadenfreude000 it might be another reason yes but we shouldn't forget that Afrikaans is not spoken by many (SA has like 16 official language) as far as I know English is spoken by everybody (or at least the most people)

Two is Duo in Hindi language 🙂

Dual number still exist in Sanskrit

I don`t speak old Greek and I`m not historian. But I`m interesting what kind of duality has Greek language.

i think he is a wizard