The Incredible Discovery of the LEAST Reactive Elements (The Noble Gases)
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Timestamps:
0:00 - Argon
9:29 - Helium
12:41 - Krypton, Neon & Xenon
18:49 - Radon
#science #chemistry #history #noblegases
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Пікірлер: 421
Which elements would you like to see a video about next? 🧪
@Dontlikeyellow
19 күн бұрын
I would be really cool to see a video on the group 1 or 2 alkaline metals!
@alanparker3130
18 күн бұрын
I got the chemistry bug from reading "the discovery of the elements" when I was 14. One chapter that I loved was the heroic story of the discovery of the rare earths, including the four named after one Swedish village, Ytterby.
@coder159
18 күн бұрын
I would love to learn more about Technetium. The lowest mass radioactive element ought to be very interesting :)
@manticorenettleable
18 күн бұрын
I don't want to hijack the thread - not an element but closely related - I'd really enjoy hearing your rendition of the history of molecular mass, Avogadro's constant and the mole etc from Dalton to Ostwald. That always fascinated me in chemistry how it was determined and what it meant for gas chemistry. The mole always seemed such an arbitrary and magical value!
@lardyify
18 күн бұрын
Would it be fair to say that terrestrial helium is all formed from alpha particles emanating from the radioactive decay of uranium and similar elements or is there some other source of helium on earth?
Noble gases: they're like buses; none for all history and then four come along at once.
@ASlickNamedPimpback
8 күн бұрын
and on the seventh day, god added 4 buses but all at the same time
@danielculver2209
3 күн бұрын
I spat out my coffee
Mendeleev initially thought that the Argon discovery was bogus because it seemed to violate his periodic table and attacked the discovery. As soon as the other elements were discovered it solidified the model of the periodic table and he added a new column for the noble gases
@jakobisahero
6 күн бұрын
Nice add-on, thanks.
It always stuns me how fast science advanced from about 1850 to 1950. In 1850, we didn’t know anything about the make up of the atom. By 1950, we had already exploded an atomic bomb. Incredible times.
@NoNameAtAll2
6 күн бұрын
by 1950 we exploded hydrogen bomb
Looking at the periodic table now it’s so easy to view it and think that’s how it’s always been, everything fits right into place, but the history behind every element is always so fascinating and the efforts it took to get there are astounding
@Cokecanninja
14 күн бұрын
It doesn't all fit lol, the lanthanides and actinides are separate and don't fit into the pattern
@DavidFMayerPhD
14 күн бұрын
@@Cokecanninja Wrong. Nuclei have 4 electron shells (as found in actual elements): S, P, D, F First row represents the S shell, where there are 2 * 1 electrons per shell. Second 2 rows represent the P shells, where there are 2 * (1+ 3)= 8 electrons per shell. Third 2 rows represent the D shells, where there are 2 * (1 + 3 + 5) = 18 electrons per shell. Fourth 2 rows represent the F shells, where there are 2 * (1 + 3 + 5 + 7) = 32 electrons per shell. 1, 3, 5, 7: Do you see a pattern here? First row: Hydrogen & Helium = 2*1 = 2 elements Second row: Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon = 2 * (1 + 3) = 8 elements etc. This image shows the ENTIRE periodic table with all four rows. Fourth row is frequently separated from the others so the table is not so long and flat, but that is mere typography. qph.cf2.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-f3cfa160d3c3e86927529c7a19ee2d2f-pjlq
@snage-thesnakemage
12 күн бұрын
@@DavidFMayerPhD had no idea about this, when we were memorizing the periodic table in middle school we just focus on how its usually organized and how to read it(more similar to labeling a map then learning what it was and how it worked). Thank you!
@Jumb0
10 күн бұрын
These guys were also crazy creative in their experiments, and experimenting on invisible gases also calls for very unreactive nerves (pun intended)
I don’t think it’s because Lockyer was unaware of conventions but from an astronomer’s perspective everything beyond hydrogen is metal ;)
@sydhenderson6753
21 күн бұрын
Nowadays, it's everything beyond hydrogen and helium, but Lockyer couldn't have known that.
@alquinn8576
21 күн бұрын
it would have been more metal to name it Heliüm
@Dr.RiccoMastermind
17 күн бұрын
I thought the same 😎
@sagetmaster4
15 күн бұрын
Imagine how badass the name "helion" would be though
@rudolflang7435
15 күн бұрын
...and the core of Jupiter is supposed to contain "metallic Hydrogen". So, erverything is metal!
Most "neon" signs DO NOT contain neon. Only the red ones that are transparent when turned off are neon. The rest are fluorescent lamps, filled with argon & mercury to make UV light, & a chalk-like phosphor coating on the inside of the tube. When those are turned off, they look chalky-white (unless the glass tubing is itself colored).
I'm quite surprised, and impressed, that 19th century scientists could reliably measure a 0.5% difference in density of different gas mixtures. What method did they use?
@tomarmadiyer2698
19 күн бұрын
Witchcraft, alchemy, maybe those stones that people compete to get MAXIMUM FLATNESS. Engineers are mad and if that dude was in Scotland...
@thepopeofhell3148
18 күн бұрын
Me too; as a student Im usually very satisfied if I am withing 5% lol
@chillphil967
18 күн бұрын
this is almost unbelievable
@unk4617
17 күн бұрын
well in science class we are told to repeat the experiments multiple times and the school equipment of nowdays are very low quality back in the day the actual scientists had super precise measuring methods which were still taught (tho our error rates are much more due to the equipment) its not a suprise he was able to measure such a diffrence especially as a chemist
@_..-.._..-.._
17 күн бұрын
@@unk4617 crappy modern equipment is *sometimes* magnitudes better than fine old equipment.
Lord Rayleigh was the guy who first explained why the sky is blue. The effect that makes the sky appear blue is called Rayleigh Scattering.
@vijayvijay4123
15 күн бұрын
Sir C.V Raman. Raman effect
@Tasarran
9 күн бұрын
@@vijayvijay4123 he built on top of Rayleigh. This would be similar to if I said something about Newton, and you popped off with 'Albert Einstein'
I find it amazing that Ramsey had a role in the discovery of or identification all the noble gases except for oganesson (which may not be a gas at all). Apparently the reason radon was accepted as the name for element 86 was that radium emanation (radon) was the longest-lived isotope. Travers didn't share the Nobel prize in Chemistry with Ramsey, but nowadays he might have, though Ramsey was unquestionably the driving force. Except for argon, where he and Lord Raleigh share the honors. I still saw niton as the name for element 86 when I was a kid. By the way, Ramsey asked his son for a name for element 10, and his son suggested novum. Ramsey turned it into Greek to match argon and krypton, so neon was born.
Imagine discovering the air is made up of multiple gases. That would be so cool. Imagine telling your friends "yo, I think the air is a mixture of gases." "What? That's crazy"
As a Polish speaker, I pay my respects to you because of 8:16 (and onward). You pronounce both names VERY well, which is extremely rare for English speakers - and not because "Polish is hard". People practically always just replace all Polish letters ó, ł, ń, ą, ę, etc. with English letters that LOOK similar (o, l, n, a, e) and then just read everything in English, which makes absolutely no sense (visual similarity or even identicality of the Latin letters between languages has nothing to do with the similarity of how they sound in those languages). Often such inter-linguistic caricatures cause only laughter. Sometimes, however (e.g. in the case of names!) they cause a sense of disrespect. Thank you!
@zimriel
15 күн бұрын
At least "Curie" is easy for us.
@sudarowakatta4543
14 күн бұрын
@@zimriel I have some bad news mate... Her full name is Maria Curie-Skłodowska :D
@bilkishchowdhury8318
3 күн бұрын
Grzegorz Brzczyszczykiewicz
Amazing video and superb historical research. If you think about that these scientists worked ages ago under rather simple conditions and with barely analytical instruments: That is really genius :)
@Chris-hx3om
17 күн бұрын
In most cases they had to make their own experimental equipment. (I'm thinking of Cavendish and the equipment for his gravitational constant experiment)
I first came across Ramsay's name when I studied at Glasgow University in Scotland - all these wonderful buildings named after their famous alumni; Lord Kelvin, Adam Smith, James Watt, John Logie Baird, Joseph Black, Colin Maclaurin, David Livingstone, Joseph Lister...a wonderful era of discovery.
@DavidFMayerPhD
14 күн бұрын
Scotland not only produced some of the best scientists, but also some of the finest engineers of the era.
Hey I was just recommended this video out of the blue and I was surprised to see how small your channel is. It’s a niche topic for sure, but your style and presentation is high quality and professional in my opinion. By that I mean your video comes off like it’s made by a larger channel with the time and people to make it. Keep up the great work man you definitely earned my subscription do you have a patron or anything like that?
@Chemistorian
18 күн бұрын
Hey, thanks so much! I don't have a Patreon, but I do have the following if you're interested in supporting 🙂 buymeacoffee.com/chemistorian ☕️ UnitedChemDom.redbubble.com 🛒
@KomradZX1989
17 күн бұрын
@@Chemistorian sent you a purchase thru the “buy me a coffee” site. Looking forward to watching you grow nice and big and make more videos about the interesting history of chemistry! Have a great day! ✌️😁👍
@Chemistorian
17 күн бұрын
Thanks so much for the support, I really appreciate your generosity!
absolutely fantastic video. spectroscopy was a real game-changer
Insanely well made video, needs way more recognition
Chemists are the most unsung heroes of science.
Very impressive job of historical research, production, and editing. Work of professional quality. (I wish that videos like this had been available when I was a student.) Thank you for posting this video.
excellent vid, you got a new sub here. these guys were such pioneers, their experimental design, patience and precision without any electronic equipment was so impressive.
your channel is so good my chemistry teacher recommended it today in class
I'd like to see a sequel about the history (and associated accidents) of isolating fluorine. The most reactive element. A lot of brilliant people lost part or all of their vision, among other things, in the pursuit of isolated diatomic fluorine.
Honestly, this is one of the most informative chemistry videos I have ever watched. I am so impressed with how everything was explained so clearly, while managing to keep me excited to hear more. That's not easy, bravo!
Great video. Was expecting a snoozer but was engaged the whole time
Absolutely fantastic video! Very informative especially concerning the order of discovery. Also wonderful descriptions of the experimental techniques used to isolate the gases. Clearly they has some very good analytical techniques back in the day.
I can't believe this only has 5k views, this is excellent! Looking forward to seeing more!
Hello, being a chemist myself I can apprechiate the work you did to unfold the history of this Elements. A good tale might be the discovery and separation of the Lanthinides, done mostly by extremely careful gravimetry around the 1920 (if I remember correctly). There is probably no living chemist around, who could nowadays do gravimetry with that precision as we now rely on other modern tools. Another gravimetry problem: Proof that the Lead from the different decay-chains has different weight, also confirming the decay-chains.
What an incredible accomplishment! We definitely take for granted such basic research nowadays. Thanks for your excellent presentation! Cheers!
As someone who didn't study science much in school, and has since come to really appreciate chemistry, I particularly enjoyed this. Really neat story, very well told.
you're so thorough wth your research - keep it up, I really enjoy your vids :)
This was amazing and delightful-- Every Chem student should watch this to understand the process of discovery-
Another fantastic video! I teach chemistry but with a background not strictly chemistry oriented and your videos give such a rich background and insight to the basic curriculum. So thank you! I would love to see a video on the halogens or group 1 metals at some point.
Very good coverage of a great subject; quite a nice survey. The entire video was well produced and had good timing, thank you.
Imagine where the world would be without Argon, Literally almost everything today uses Argon to some extent in manufacturing, Any metal-working involving aluminum, stainless steel, or titanium requires Argon as a shielding gas. It's used to purge vapor deposition chambers for making ICs. It's used for sputtering. It really has became one of those chemicals, like petroleum products, or sulfuric acid, that's just used for everything.
Another high quality video!
Really enjoyed the video! I only knew a little of this previously - it was great to have the full picture and the logical path Ramsey took to isolate the new gasses. It's truly amazing to follow this line of thought - when laid down like this it's logical but for him it would have been treading on new ground, as profound as the guy who stood looking at geological folds in various rocks and first realising how deep time actually was - from the 10,000 years of history he'd been told about to realising this would take hundreds of millions of years to form.
"Ramsey asked permission" is a wonderful construct, perfectly illustrating the collaborative and deferential ("gentlemanly") nature of science in some circles. How very British, an American might say. :)
What an enjoyable video! I'm shocked I hadn't chanced upon your channel previously, but I have your previous videos to catch up on, so I won't be too sad about it.
Thank you for a really interesting video, especially given that you show how the scientists provided evidence for their claims, so often skimmed over.
This was an awesome history lesson.
This is very intriguing and interesting id love to get a video of the lore(history and random info abot it) of each element. I just think it woukd be very useful to have all info in one place :D
That was so much fun to listen to. And putting it all in one video helps connect it so nicely. I assume there are so many many details implied by a statement like carefully doing fractional distillation over 2 weeks. It must have been very exciting for them.
what an amazing history video, thank you for making it :D
Very well told story! This is how it should be done in schools! 🙏 Just subscribed! 😎🇩🇪
First video of yours I came across, absolutely amazing! Surely will watch many more of your vids
I adore hearing the journeys of discovery for massive fundamental things like this, it's wonderful to know of their methods and curiosity!
I love this video. The way they used to work things out without a computer using contraptions, math(amatic)s, pen and paper. amazes me.
amazing work! I was always curious how they found inert elements experimentally i always heard about helium but this puts it all in perspective
I love videos like this about chemistry and history, please keep making them :)
That was an awesome historical breakdown of information 👌
That was a great video, and I really appreciated that you included other occurrences of the word roots.
Very nicely done. May your channel grow to what it well deserves to be!
@redmadness265
13 күн бұрын
you don't have an @ ?
13 күн бұрын
@@redmadness265 I don't know what you mean
@redmadness265
13 күн бұрын
All other channels I've seen have an @ even mine, but not yours and it looks really weird
13 күн бұрын
@@redmadness265 still a mystery to me what you're on about, mate.. I see no @ that isn't there.. 🤪
10 күн бұрын
@@redmadness265 I've finally figured out what you meant. . yeah, it's kinda odd. Can't say I remember seeing it elsewhere either.. let's have a lookaround
Here again you provide an ideal support for my teaching of the discovery of atoms and chemical elements. Thank !
So informative once again! Such great and interesting content. Please keep these videos coming!!
Thoroughly enjoyable! Crazy to think of the sheer effort that went into these discoveries. One of those efforts would have to be overcoming repeated disappointments!
these stories leave me with sparkling good vibes. :)
I retain a dislike of my 10th grade chemistry teacher. She was as old as argon. I never understood balancing chemical equations, though I thought I was intelligent enough. So, of course I blamed her. 53 years later I remain as ignorant as I was then. AND YET. I love this video. Thank you.
That was incredibly absorbing. Thank you.
More people need to sub to this guy.
Large amounts of argon are used in welding in order to provide a protective atmosphere that excludes oxygen and nitrogen and prevents them from reacting from the hot and molten metal.
Loved the presentation!!!
Wonderful simplicity. Thank you.
amazing video! It's crazy to me just over 100 years ago we didn't know shit about some of the elements that our modern-day society has become so accustomed to.
Gotta love the IUPAC changing the names of elements for... _whatever_ reason. Columbium, cassiopeium, niton, etc.
I am teaching the history of science to middle schoolers and your channel has just become a wonderful resource, thank you for all this hard work, subscribed!
A great story well told, thanks. It is amazing to think that Lord Rayleigh's chief fame is as a theoretical physicist, his papers fill 6 volumes. So, discovering a new element was a bit of a sideshow.
I love to understand how things work, but need more channels like this, about the historic development of Science research and Engineering.
You contribute to put all physics books I read into perspective. Thank you
Thank you for mentioning Wróblewski and Olszewski's achievements, which, while revolutionary at the time, are now mostly forgotten, especially in the west.
I really enjoyed this walkthrough of discovery and scientific method. This is helpful to my world of understanding chemistry and how it fits in our world and universe. Fantastic ob man. Espeicailly appreciate the naming constructs, I find them very helpful. I've done some serious chemistry in the lab, without knowledge of what it's about, and this helps me get foundation for the things I've done and will do in the future. Great job! Gr8! Peace ☮💜Love
Fascinating video. Well done!
What a time to be a scientist. So much easier and straightforward to make ground breaking discovery
"no matter what he did, the atomspheric nitrogen remained 1/2 a percent denser than the chemical nitrogen" Lol, I like how this reads like a line from a classic fairytale. Just an exceptionally boring one to people who need drama and action to be entertained XD Great video!
Wow! I keep reading about a voltaic pile that some Englishman went from proving the existence of hydrogen and oxygen, to discovering several more elements in quick order, but they never tell is what all these elements were or how they discovered them. It would be interesting if you could elucidate this
@sydhenderson6753
21 күн бұрын
Yes, we need a video on Sir Hunphrey Davy.
Excellent presentation: subscribed!
Thank you! Fantastic video!
This is amazing. From back when an insistence that others ‘‘Trust the science’ without a corresponding paper trail would’ve seen you heckled by passers-by as you strolled the streets of Prague.
One of the best videos I’ve watched. Thank you sir.
You're going to blow up bro
@supersonictumbleweed
20 күн бұрын
Nuu, explosions are unhealthy
@zimriel
15 күн бұрын
well, not if he's working with argon, he won't
@heimdallsgate6141
15 күн бұрын
@@zimriel in the metaphorical sense not the literal.. you know like Aragon wink
This was a very interesting video, I actually really enjoyed it, so, props!
Amazing video, pls do more elements!
It's somewhat funny that an astronomer discovered helium, gave it a name that should be a metal and nowadays, helium is one of only two elements astronomers _don't_ call "metals" 😄
Dewar mustve been so mad they didnt ask him for help with the distilling of all those new elements. Arguments and rivalrys just get in the way of science. Work together. Disagree, but be excellent to eachother.
Beautiful presentation - thank you
Superb video. Brilian experiments and scientific deductions described very well.
It's amazing to know how these things were discovered and about developments in science.
Thanks for making this video. I learned a lot.
Wow! This video should be included in school programs )
Amazing video! I always thought neon lights were special... you made them even more special
Italian, Polish, German, Scottish, American, English, French, a very international work !
My grandfathers 4 older brothers made the first X-Ray tubes in the UK and died of radiation poisoning. They were a firm of glass blowers Tony Aimer Johannesburg
what a great video man! fantastically written script regarding storytelling and great on the technical and informative side, too ♥ as a huge fan of chemistry and an amateur chemist I am happy I discovered this channel
Very nice work, informative and engaging, without any hype - thanks. I like chemistry but I was a bit rubbish at it - went for physics. Subbed.
Love it when I learn something new from KZread . .excellent vid
Hello random youtuber who makes content exactly how I like it. Subbed. Also, I hear Gold is gold because of relevatistic electrons.
This is one of the best KZread videos I've ever seen
Very interesting and informative video, thanks!
Great video! I really enjoyed that, thank you! Liked and subscribed :)
amazing class! thank you
Argon is also an important industrial gas used, among other things for welding.