just pointing out its such a blessing to live in 21 century and be able to access information in this way. never forget my visit to library to borrow and carry home 10's of books to understand things. Such a blessing today to be able to watch such lectures, amazing :-)

Amazing. I'm satisfied beyond count. Thank you! Special thanks to the operator with the camera.

Fantastic lecture. Presented clearly and interestingly.

This goes down as one of the best lectures I have ever listened to

Hero's and great Teachers are hard to find!

This is a good introduction to sc …with a demonstration as well!

This was a pretty interesting lecture altogether. Thank you Stanford and professor Steven for taking the time to do this.

This lecture is a masterpiece

I was suffering to understand about superconductivity for few weeks. Thanks you for this great lecture

Extremely engaging. Wonderful lecture!

great lecture!

Great lecture!

My question is whether or not we could use sound to create superconductivity. Like use soundwaves and acoustics to be able to create a negative pressure on a superconductive material and environment where we need superconductivity. So there would be soundwaves that would either hit a block of material and then it would float along the path of magnetic material. The reason is that it lowers the pressure in the material due to the acoustic sound waves that make the material vibrate causing it to have substantially less/more pressure and thus be able to be superconductive with energy and electricity versus liquid nitrogen or high pressure.

What has been said is really excellent.

Great lecture.

very sharp presentation Thank you .

Why is there no induced current when you take the magnetic out, which could annihilate the superconducting current running in the ring?

@29:40 should be L/R

1:09:56 But superconductivity CAN be understood by understanding the dynamics of finite number of electrons (about 10^23). Is 10^23 assumed to be infinite?

The cooling technique of extracting one Helium Isotope from another by evaporation and then assembling Atomic locii by Laser interferometry phenomena shows the properties of resonance shape shifting integration with crystal Quantum-fields Mechanism positioning. Because it is harmonic->anharmonic exclusion in AM-FM Timing-spacing Radiation coordination, and pumping out of particular categories of resonance, the Superconduction of mass-energy-momentum continuous creation connection cause-effect context is the same Computational Quantum Operator-Oscillation problem as Muon Spin alignments. (In the Feynman type guessing thought experiment, Observation of specific WYSIWYG phenomena)

It's very interesting talk. Maybe somebody will think about the questions how to vary chemical composition of materials on macroscopic level to increase diamagnetic performance (number of paired electrons like in molecular halogens Cl2, Br2 etc) but also avoid creating insulating behaviour?

Excellent.. I wish the lecture and formulas envolved the electric field

Is it true that Meisner had a person working for him that came to him with his observation that magnetic fields were excluded from the superconducting region, whereupon Meisner said that he would call it "The Meisner effect " ?

Is there a pdf for this topic

What is the question at 33:40 ? The response is that magnetic fields can be measured without any energy involved. I assume it means without disturbing the system itself. Could someone explain it in detail how ?

@lunam7249

Жыл бұрын

"hall effect" sensor i.c.

By Observable properties of Quantum Chemistry, in temporal cause-effect continuity terms, normal conduction is compound sync-duration coherence-cohesion that has an averaged rate of conductance/objective state of condensed spacing, and Superconduction is harmonic/anharmonic resonance distribution in flat-space ground state Zero Kelvin i-reflection singularity.., a frictionless energy momentum state of Electron-Phonon containment. (Roughly speaking?/demystification picture of WYSIWYG) Because.., when the critical temperature is reached and a non-conductor becomes a Superconductor, somewhere in the lattice an orbital frequency diversion has ceased activity, and the wave-particle amplitude is contained within some resonance radius. Is there another way to recognise temporal-spacing singularity positioning/locked constants of timing-phase properties like Planck Dimensions. Also the Metalnon Metal states of the Periodic Table demonstrate exactly that property of numberness and 0-1-2-3-4-etc exponentiation-ness sequences of Conduction based on Even distribution "gyroscopic" 2-ness of harmonic/anharmonic exclusion from Pi-bifurcation Odd/Primary numbers, the locked point positioning Interference at distributed vanishing-into-no-thing Holes in Black-body Holographic Principle Perspective, ..that system Professor Hartnoll talked about. Low temperature Helium is the nearest thing to Ideal Gas and mass-momentum spin-spiral point-positioning non location locked zero-infinity difference 2-ness i-reflection containment. Current, of condensed point-line-circle time-timing sync-duration identification equivalent is the Unit Circle in Polar-Cartesian 1-0 probability-wave vortex of zero-infinity insideout positioning, "Camera Obscura" type vertices, in representational projection-drawing 2D. You can measure a magnetic quantization because it is harmonic/anharmonic resonance 2-ness, and the field is composed of Primes/constant condensation circulation sequences. Therefore, what is the structure of a Super Magnet? "Numbers that converge on infinity" are the Universe in Perspective, Holographic Principle. Ie regarding "atoms", Entangle omnidirectional-dimensional Superspin-> logarithmic singularity positioning integration, ..sync-duration connectivity along zero-infinity axial-tangential e-Pi-i function roots 1-0 probability, all-ways of Polar-Cartesian orbital-orbits in/ of self-defining superposition interference, in point-loci of AM-FM Communication wave-packaging In-form-ation, Tuned to the "gaps between Primes". This existence can't operate without pure relative motion condensed in a time-timing space-spectrum of mass-energy-momentum. The Babylonian Polarity diagram, a Quantum-fields Unity i-reflection containment circularity of 1-0 probability superposition-spin-spiral Clock face modular In-form-ation, ..is directly related to Feynman type Vertices in vortices and wave-packaging crystallography because Silicon Semiconductors are examples of the Graphene twisted stack and resonant Dopants in the lattice of Quantum-fields pulse-evolution. Temperature affects bonding length-timing in the same way twisting does, and Si is both Conductor and Insulator, in between, because of the variable bond-antibond harmony/anharmonic inclusion-exclusion timing-phase positioning holographics. Eg the transmission of EM signals through Optical Communication Fibres operated by Total Internal Reflection according to the entry angle of the Carrier Wave, is particularly relevant. And the instability of Carbon Fibres after a particular lenght of crystallisation is the complimentary antibond/insulation effect of resonance Primes discontinuity. Ie what regularly spaced Dopants in Carbon Fibre can make it a practical Tether Cable, as suggested for making light but strong Suspension Bridges? The dominant probability information significance is that the effective operation of Quantum-fields pulse-evolution is made of making resonance states composed of the AM-FM Real-time Real-numberness of e-Pi-i omnidirectional-dimensional cause-effect self-defining cofactors in tune with universal temporal superposition spin-spiral logarithmic shaping. WYSIWYG Quantum Operator Logic-Chemistry Crystallisation. Complicated and messy. "This (Googlplex) Time (hyper-hypo timing reciprocal) becomes Infinity" implies Holographic Principle wave-packaging Space-time. Relativistic Physics is the reciprocal of probabilistic temporal superposition Condensates cofactors in e-Pi-i sync-duration Black-body "resonance" lattice dominated by 2-ness logarithmicly. In which:"Statement" = holographic Modulation Mechanism reciprocals of e-Pi-i omnidirectional-dimensional cause-effect => "Temporal Quantum Operator" Logic. Superconducting (states must be) in a 0-1-2/3 dimensionality coordination system of condensation, reciprocal quantization-modulation wave-packaging interference positioning Holographic Lattice @.dt Zero Kelvin sync-duration here-now-forever flat-space ground state connectivity. By Observation, a harmonic string in a vacuum can vibrate much longer than in air before decay, and that goes for Atomic locii in a lattice, therefore anharmonic positioning e-Pi-i sync-duration cofactors are the cause-effect of "Resistance" or potential decay in "Gravitational" standing wave-packaging formation. It's the Black Hole Singularity holographic photon-phonon/mass-energy-momentum Projection Drawing, leaky brane phenomenon. (Why do "Noble" elements not make chemical bonds) Therefore high temperature Superconduction is harmonic overtone resonance and to get to room temperature SC, the lattice of Graphene twisted to the appropriate wave length, extends the bubble-mode 2-ness i-reflection into a tuned sub prime orthogonality... (postulate). In this case, opposed magnetic poles of the same Nth/Sth orientation, should be forming a 2-ness i-reflection containment bubble-mode ""insulated" from BH gravitation positioning, to some degree? (You might imagine) Inspired Lecture, takes a while to interpret holistically.

Could someone give me a source on why thermodynamic variables (at equilibrium) are independent of the magnetic field? approx @51:00 mins

Thanks, great lecture

closed captioning please. thank you

how do you measure magnetism without disturbing it? even if an electron was deflected each time it was measured, that energy would have to come from somewhere. so the superconductor would lose field strength? or from thermal sources? or where? how has this 'life of universe' claim been confirmed?

@lunam7249

Жыл бұрын

"quantum hall effect" sensor i.c.

Judging by the lack of relevant discussion following thse lectures, I expect very many Students around the World have "put this topic in perspective", with a lot more utility of purpose than an outside Commentary can do. An "orientation suggestion" for reiterative reintegration patterning example, is to think about the Equivalence Principle and how the embedded activity of Artistic Projection Drawing in Holographic Principle Perspective Imagery, is to perceive here-now-forever as "insideout time-timing" Actuality "for all practical purposes", dualisticly.

Do we know if there is any change in the speed of light in a superconductive field? Thx!

@dept9203

5 жыл бұрын

sanjuansteve yes, photons become massive and slow down in a superconductor.

From First Principle Observation approach to reasoning about QM-TIME resonance bonding proportioning of Primes and Cofactors of phase-locked AM-FM Timing-spacing coordination, ie WYSIWYG QM-TIME Quantum-fields Mechanism Holographic Condensates Bose-Einsteinian mass-energy-momentum continuous creation cause-effect connection in Black-body Superspin and Newtonian Fluxion-Integral Conception, ie the dualistic multiphase-locked superposition identification state of wave-particle positioning-location in fractal conic-cyclonic modulo-geometrical relative-timing ratio-rates Perspective.., then there's a precedence of abstract concepts that suggest that the Universe has a crystallisation structure of time-timing rotational modulation or the pure-math state-ment by superposition in Superspin Singularity positioning Reciproction-recirculation at 1-0 probability, @.dt zero-infinity sync-duration mass-energy-momentum Projection Drawing holographic bubble-modes of Temporal Spinfoam-pulse resonance. Superconduction is harmonic oscillation holography dimensionality coordination shifting and shaping the now-instant Singularity. The picture tells the story, the medium is the message of this temporal projection-drawing holographic embedding function.

Where is the 2nd lecture???

Electrons in the conduction band at low temperatures are combined into a Bose-Einstein gas, which has the property of superfluidity, therefore, the so-called superconductivity is actually superfluidity of an electron gas without resistance to the crystal structure. I explained why there is resistance to the current and remained during the transition, and the electron gas, due to superfluidity, moves along the conductor for an infinitely long time ... and also why this current is not infinitely large with the so-called zero resistance of a type I superconductor.

Muito bom

Near 40:00 he says something about electrons being finite, so a finite persistent current. What does that mean? A single electron can move for an indefinite time if there's a constant force on it, no?

@JoyceanZyzzyva

3 жыл бұрын

He means that the chunk of mercury contains a finite number of electrons. Strictly speaking the superconductor (like any phase of matter actually) is only well-defined in the thermodynamic limit(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_limit), which would mean infinitely many electrons here. Note also that there is no constant force applied creating the persistent current experiment. A voltage was applied then turned off, say at time t=0, then the current is being measured (through the B field) to decay as e^(-t/tau).

Temporal Superposition-point Singularity Perspective Principle is apparently time-timing shaping itself, e-Pi-i sync-duration resonance connectivity. We're inside looking insideout, if this makes sense. (It should, that's Actuality) So there appears to be a general mental block, an innate psychological displacement of attention to "location" in that "everywhere is simultaneously/holographicly nowhere" because that is the Observable cause-effect position of here-now-forever, the phenomenonological localization of the Singularity/Apature of probabilisticly entangled perceptions. In flat-space ground state Origin of Singularity-point Superspin Modulation positioning, continuous creation projection-drawing methodology for Thought Experimentalist's applications of practical Intuition.., these are all "Imaginary" if they are already materialised as pulse-evolution, temporarily substantiated coherence-cohesion, physical objectives. Short of constructing a compound of Neutronium, ie Neutrons suspended in some compound lattice of normal matter, I have no definite ideas of how to analyse the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance positioning scanning process to identify accessible Superconduction states, (that have to be there because of Resonant Superspin Modulation Mechanism), so it's a matter of prediction-correction mathematically and X-ray Crystallography, until something happens. This is Orientation and navigation by holistic i-reflection real-time prediction precision Math on accurate Physics, theoretical approximation reasoning.. (And staying out of the way of practical people who know what to look at/for)

And now it´s time to use LK-99 ! 😮

@ 18:46 "The father of low-temperature physics": en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes

Fantastic lesson but @ 34:16 I'm a little confused

@Spykoni1

5 жыл бұрын

Yes, me too. He wanted to show that for mercury and at T

@JoyceanZyzzyva

3 жыл бұрын

In this case the formula for tau should read tau=L/R. Unfortunately, he wrote down the wrong formula for the inductive circuit time constant. Note that the formula for the capacitive circuit tau=RC is actually correct, but the situation of the loop of mercury is not a capacitive circuit. It is purely inductive, and tau=L/R should apply. Hence, tau-> infinity implies that R->0.

I trust that a quantum resistivity should read mu0 h/2m

In college 100 years ago they told us current flows mainly on the outside of a wire. Their proof was that stranded wire could carry more power with less losses as the surface area was greatly increased. Can anyone give me an explanation why experts still talk about current passing inside wires?

@IshaanKumar1901

2 жыл бұрын

Bruh, you sure? You might have mistaken it for "electric field". Electricity itself flows inside the wire only, I'm sure

@brendawilliams8062

2 жыл бұрын

Uh…it’s still a question 🙋‍♀️

@newrenewableenergycontrol5724

2 жыл бұрын

@@IshaanKumar1901 Sorry Piano Rocker, I missed this post. Better late then never. Being I am an electrical engineer, and have studied the characteristics of electron travel "through" wire, the truth is, electrons travel only on the surface of conductors. That's why stranded wire has a higher current rating then solid. More surface area. On a side note, people also still believe electricity travels from a battery positive electrode, when actually electrons leave the negative post and go towards the positive post. Current (free electrons) actually flow from the negative to the positive. DC 'hole flow' is what happens in a DC circuit. The open valance electrons 'move' from positive to negative, ergo the 'hole flow from positive to negarive' explanation! Back in the day they had no electron microscopes to see so they guessed which way current flows. And they guessed wrong, but we are saddled with the original explanation. Makes math problems more difficult then they need be ...

@newrenewableenergycontrol5724

2 жыл бұрын

@@brendawilliams8062 Uh ... The question was meant for someone to explain why people still believe things they heard without ever asking if it was correct to begin with, not to ask, why ask questions! Now, do you have any logical questions rather then smart arse comments pretending to be questions? Come on Brenda!

@brendawilliams8062

2 жыл бұрын

@@newrenewableenergycontrol5724 lI am glad to always run into these remarks by experts. I am not. Thank goodness for electrical engineers. Try Kirchhoff is for the birds with Dr. Lewin (you tube). When all the very best run that one in circles? Darling, it’s a good one.

is the reason no superconductor has flown spontaneously into orbit is because earth's magnetism is too strong? if yes, then is it possible to make superconductivity property more durable so it doesn't instantaneously collapse in strong magnetic fields?

@mohamedb737

3 жыл бұрын

in low earth orbit these temperatures are realistic. so can we pin a type 2 superconductor satellite to the magnetic field of earth? if yes then can geostationary satellites be placed much closer to earth surface and travel much slower?

RIGHT ON

Great technique to identify math physics and history separately. I know most lectures are given to dedicated students paying for the information, ..so this is a good way to spread across disciplines. "Conglomeration of primes", it seems, is somewhat mapped out by "p-adic" mathematics (?). So if the reason for the superconductivity is enery-state tranposition in the ground state, then when those staes are "pumped" with "heat", the tranfer is impeded (AC Resistance) because the "channels" are already full. And also, that's an explanation of Entropy, in keeping with the temporal-superposition harmonic-structure that includes the "pumping" action of Inflation. 0, 1, 2D QM implies that super-everything is distributed instantaneously 1-0-1-0 ..infinite-eternity-now "implicit" quantum oscillation of the temporal superposition or singularity, (everything connects at the distributed point of minimum mixed-state or ground state existence, now), point-line-area effect, ..limits of possible information states in functional quantum, so frequency synchronicity has those dynamic characteristics at the node and any sub-node frequency-multiple, "absolute zero" temperature of linear-transverse electro-magnetism and the limits are nothing, superconduction or magnetic circulation current, in the vertex-vortex geometric format of conics, orbital to orbits in projection lines and plane-brane probability occurrence. Multiple sub-nodes are the effect of duality, change-of-shape paths of harmonic-histories & duration-evolution, derived from inclusion-exclusion/angles, .. relative phase-states of the implied triplet which is 0+/-1 connected infinite duration state and probability of relative existence timing. "Everything all at once" solid-state observation of liquid, inside-outside (from within) eternity-here-now. The concept of QM connection is a simple vanishing point singularity but the definition is "the sum over histories" wave-package description. (Not weird, infinitely complex simplicity?) _____ Quantum Mechanics has illuminated the operating system of continuous recirculation in Time, forever restructuring. Incompleteness is inherent in every aspect of existence, so the implied permanency of Superconducting states is attached to the logarithmic condensation state of probability twoness, specifically dimensional dualities and reciprocals.

1:15:00 Last week

1:15:10 A:"who figured it out?" K:"Who figured it out??" A:"Who's developed a theory to explain it?" [dramaturgical silence] K:"Me!" A:"You??" A:"When?" K:"Last week".

o Anthony curtiu

64 bits isn’t enough, we got quantum PCs yet?

Meisner -> Meissner (several times)

48:00 apology

I believe it's time to develop a reliable system of accountability, to punish physicists for the potential harm and environmental damage new systems may cause on a moving forward basis. Monetary gain has motivated physicists in the past to create ever more devastating weapons systems, and ever more toxic energy systems, with the tacit understanding that they would never face justice for the horrific deaths their work has caused. Currently, there is no effective investigative body, nor any agency that hasn't been captured by corporate interests. In physics, the biosphere and humanity have no champion. This needs to be rectified before the intended applications of these superconductors are pursued any further. Without a solid means of punishing miscreants, a long line of physicists will form, willing to commit crimes against humanity for personal gain, as they have been doing for the last two centuries. They should also be held accountable for great deceptions. Beware the glossy brochure. He's selling.

Superconductivity is a function of frequency not temperature. Temperature only sets the acclamation point within the materials relationship between ambients. meaning if you acclimate correctly then superconductivity can happen at any temperature, however the state changes again for ambient temperature from 40°F to 120°F above zero, whereas the state of charge produces electrons excessively while trying to cool it's self. a more detailed description is at about 40°F the electricity slows down, amps and volts frequency and at an outside direct contact temperature load of 120°F it self regulates to about 84°F indefinitely insulated, if you push to 180°F the amps rise but volts stay constant. and you will not be able to get any gauss readings,,,,period,,! the other interesting fact is once you jump the gap the volts climb but amps also follow linearly. upon ohms you get perfect power that self regulates to the demand and your volts and ohms match. if you have 700 milli volts you have 700 ohms. the persistent currents just loop if you short circuit and your back at it again once you open the loop and ask for demand. also under demand you get no heat above room temperature and if the room is warm you get a steady state of around 84°F because that is the acclamation point for room temperature superconductivity at 92.????Mhz. And yes you can get magnetic lock in thin air, I like to call it gravitational lock and a true Meissner effect. You can Glenn threw my channel or just call me. I may have missed something but it's easy once you have observed it, so feel free to ask me a question. Thank you for your lecture, I hope I just gave you an introduction of my observations of room temperature superconductors and there giving of my finding. You failed to answer "WHY" superconductivity works, but you did a good job on "HOW" to make it work within the ambient temperatures your bound to. I'll give you a hint: Room Temperature superconductivity is 100% backed buy know physics 100%. However in the Quantum Mechanics of Physics you can section the underlying understanding to solve issues in QMP. I'll give you an example from your own lecture you missed. once you void of EMF you must and shall replace the field with a gravitational field because gravity is in fact superconducting and a radio frequency at around 26Mhz and the 4th harmonic of that, so what you missed is that if you disturbed "your cold or hot" superconductor against gravity you will get a voltage fluctuate "potential is a better word" but I am tryingto stay on point is you can "Catch" gravity and temporarily use it to convert it into EMF. There is a video on my channel that I have persistent current running in an air core at room temperature lifting 10 grams with no energy input other than ambient. this is a well understood subject by me. Have a nice day and don't be shy. Ohh I almost forgot, the Bose-Einstein condensate is also frequency-dependent not temperature dependent we just get there by Brute Force temperature. have also proved this out in my lab and once you get the electrons into a wave superconductivity is easy. check out my oscilloscope shots of the energy I use to produce superconductivity. David A. Puchta 1-858-381-7923 I am in San Diego but the Peninsula is where I grew up.

Is it just me, or he smiles like Benedict Cumberbatch? (Or Benedict Cumberbatch smiles like him, to be more precise).

the electrons are influenced by the magnetic field and Gravity. In space the outcome would be completely different. Superconductors in space will react differently.

phenenoma

How did I end up here?

@keybutnolock

3 жыл бұрын

The Infra-red pill !

All due respect, but, "...excape?" Yes, I know I'm opening myself up to his defense, but I'm okay with that.

@Oners82

8 жыл бұрын

Try concentrating on the subject and perhaps make an insightful comment instead of being a pedant who whines about shit that nobody cares about. Just a suggestion.

@MichaelVernonDavis

8 жыл бұрын

A suggestion nonetheless predicted. Thank you.

Stanford University cost per credit hours $1,166, and your getting it for free, and only 73,551 views. SMH

Wikipedia? LOL

@user-bb2gt9yq6g

5 жыл бұрын

😂

@marcusrosales3344

5 жыл бұрын

Yes dude everyone has heard what you're thinking... You know it is a good place to find many values and equations. Stop mindlessly repeating what grade school teachers told you!

What a dry way of explaining superconductors looks like

this is in no way intended to be offensive to him or anybody, but he sounds just like Kermit the frog.

Who would have thought you could make a physics lecture boring...? Sorry Steven, very informative and interesting but not super entertaining.

This is really crappy