Staying Sane in Space

Ғылым және технология

Space is deadly and our spaceships and stations are cramped and thin-protected environments, placing enormous stress on those who journey there. So how to we keep from going crazy while we explore strange new worlds?
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Credits:
Staying Sane in Space
Science & Futurism with Isaac Arthur
Episode 358, September 1, 2022
Produced & Narrated by Isaac Arthur
Written by:
Isaac Arthur
Logan Smith
Editors:
Andy Nelson
Andy Smith
David McFarlane
Konstantin Sokerin
Cover Art:
Jakub Grygier www.artstation.com/jakub_grygier
Graphics:
Jeremy Jozwik
Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound epidemicsound.com/creator

Пікірлер: 726

  • @springbloom5940
    @springbloom5940 Жыл бұрын

    Next video: Staying sane on Earth

  • @NicktheMac

    @NicktheMac

    Жыл бұрын

    We're all here because we're not all there lol.

  • @feederx08

    @feederx08

    Жыл бұрын

    👽

  • @jumpkickman1993

    @jumpkickman1993

    Жыл бұрын

    I think the Cure might be listening to more Isaac Arthur

  • @feederx08

    @feederx08

    Жыл бұрын

    @@jumpkickman1993 I find his voice off putting

  • @feederx08

    @feederx08

    Жыл бұрын

    @@NicktheMac earth is a ghetto

  • @murasaki848
    @murasaki848 Жыл бұрын

    I once imagined I might make a good astronaut. A few years ago, however, I had a couple assignments to remote locations in Alaska, where we weren't allowed to go outside unescorted due to the very present dangers of wildlife and environmental hazards. As such I was indoors an entire month each time, other than rides to and from the remote work site. Worse, I had a roommate for the first time in thirty years, was eating in a communal chow hall (though it was good food), and although I got along with everyone, they weren't exactly people I'd hang around by choice. Between all that, the midnight sun, and noises from machinery and loose parts on the building in the wind, I was going a bit stir crazy. It was then I realized that even if I wasn't up there in years, there's no way I'd be moving to a Martian colony.

  • @dtphenom

    @dtphenom

    Жыл бұрын

    Really good write up! How long were you up in Alaska?

  • @randysmith9715

    @randysmith9715

    Жыл бұрын

    Yes; I spent a winter (1970's) on the north shore of Alaska. Base mostly buried; heated to 52 degrees F; 100 men; no women; no windows; no TV; little radio reception; could not go out side about half the time; polar bears. For context, the Innuit went south for the winter!

  • @murasaki848

    @murasaki848

    Жыл бұрын

    @@dtphenom A bit over a month on individual assignments, and maybe three months total in Anchorage in between. It was the Bering Sea and interior assignments that were the stressors I described since they were simple remote stations, and I wasn't even wintered over like Randy Smith. Sand Point in the Aleutians wasn't bad. Kodiak Island was absolutely beautiful and a nice change of pace.

  • @aluisious

    @aluisious

    Жыл бұрын

    I'm pretty sure that most people who think they'd want to live on Mars are just dopes who think they don't like their home and want to fix it with TV drama. Earth is great. You can go outside, breath, move around, travel, see things...the vast, vast majority of space would bore you to tears and make you miss sitting on grass.

  • @UfoLBeerSeeker

    @UfoLBeerSeeker

    Жыл бұрын

    @@aluisious there is also plenty of people like me, only leaving home to buy food, plenty of air in my room, i couldn't care less for the grass... Travelling for fun? I am simply unable to comprehend that concept. I'd feel totally same million miles away as i do here. Only problem i'd be stuck with bunch of people and god forbid some extrovert! Apart of that, yeah, boredom would be a hell... no youtube would have a toll on me.

  • @mikeloeven
    @mikeloeven Жыл бұрын

    It wasn't the red sun or airless void outside that drove the crew to madness but the toxic atmosphere inside in the aftermath of taco night that lead to the massacre

  • @mikeloeven

    @mikeloeven

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@Darryl Revok Hard cut to evil astronaut laughing maniacally as he pounds down 5 gas station bean burritos he smuggled through security to the horror of his cremates

  • @petevenuti7355

    @petevenuti7355

    Жыл бұрын

    @@mikeloeven cremates? Freudian slip? ..meant crewmates right?

  • @petevenuti7355

    @petevenuti7355

    Жыл бұрын

    You should write a script for "dark star II" , that could be a Captains log entropy, I mean entry.

  • @RealBradMiller

    @RealBradMiller

    Жыл бұрын

    Great 'two sentence' horror story! I saw one the other day, "My son always wanted to be part of the Blue Man Group. He shed tears of joy as I wrapped my hands around his throat."

  • @mikeloeven

    @mikeloeven

    Жыл бұрын

    @@petevenuti7355 yeah did that on my cell phone google voice recognition is still crap. Although with all those burritos any electrical spark could result in cremation

  • @andrasbiro3007
    @andrasbiro3007 Жыл бұрын

    There's a game that's like it was made for this episode. It's called RimWorld. It's an extremely complex survival game, and a large part of it is just keeping your colonists sane.

  • @r3dp9

    @r3dp9

    Жыл бұрын

    I usually get mad at my pawns when they go crazy, but if I look at it from their perspective, "Lover died -20, best friend died -5, doggo died -5, serious pain -15, nutrition paste -3" would probably make me go crazy too. Heck, all it takes to make me go mad is "disturbed sleep -6"

  • @Vlamyncksken

    @Vlamyncksken

    Жыл бұрын

    Rimworld felt quite shallow to me tbh. Haven't played in over 5 years so I might be missing out on new features

  • @linerider195

    @linerider195

    Жыл бұрын

    Kept thinking the same

  • @federationprime

    @federationprime

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Vlamyncksken it’s been overhauled heavily each year, it has a lot more than it used to (enemies, gear, Ideologies, the royal faction, and a decent world map system)

  • @Vlamyncksken

    @Vlamyncksken

    Жыл бұрын

    @@federationprime I'll check it out this weekend

  • @johannageisel5390
    @johannageisel5390 Жыл бұрын

    In one of my writing WIPs, there is a species who is basically space elves. Subsequently, their ships are flying greenhouses. The floors are covered in moss or bark, the walls are wood, there are plants everywhere... The reasoning is: "We'd go mad otherwise."

  • @williamwontiam3166

    @williamwontiam3166

    Жыл бұрын

    That’s entirely correct.

  • @_g8dfathr_678

    @_g8dfathr_678

    Жыл бұрын

    Sounds awesome. Keep it up.😁👍

  • @Jon6429

    @Jon6429

    Жыл бұрын

    Sign outside flight deck of Elf ship.. You Must Be This High To Fly

  • @warmstrong5612

    @warmstrong5612

    Жыл бұрын

    So like Eldar Craftworlds?

  • @johannageisel5390

    @johannageisel5390

    Жыл бұрын

    @@warmstrong5612 Are they from Warhammer 40k? I'm afraid I'm not familiar enough with the lore of that universe. Let me look it up... Wow, these craftworlds sound super cool, but the ships in my story are generally smaller, because if you want to travel FTL, then there is only one way to do it and that is to use pre-made wormholes which have a limited size. However, the "space elves" are indeed very good at making artificial ecosystems to put onto space station and ships. And many of the other species commission one those from them for their own habitats. Because most species feel better if they have a bit of their original home accessible somewhere. They just usually don't go as far as the "space elves" in making nearly every room green and natural.

  • @TheWanniankanke
    @TheWanniankanke Жыл бұрын

    “The universe waits impatiently to kill you,” said Issac Arthur, barely able to suppress his chuckle

  • @iainballas
    @iainballas Жыл бұрын

    Sometimes, I forget you were a soldier, despite all of your 'first rule of warfare' stuff. Thank you for your service to our country, and even more for your service to science and education!

  • @monsterx3055

    @monsterx3055

    Жыл бұрын

    yeah not a lot of thinking people in the infantry, I know i hard a hard time having conversations on deep subjects and i was in intelligence. Isaac is awesome

  • @Lawofimprobability

    @Lawofimprobability

    Жыл бұрын

    @@monsterx3055 When I was in 13B AIT (ordinary Artillerymen), we did have a guy who was sent to us as punishment/rehabilitation from having a bad attitude in his Intel unit. I didn't see his scores but he didn't seem all that different in intelligence from the bulk of us although we had some dolts as outliers. I ran into guys in my unit who showed me neurology reddits and who speculated about infection risks with the rise in cloning technology. I didn't see that kind of wide-ranging curiosity in law school.

  • @mouseblackcat5263

    @mouseblackcat5263

    Жыл бұрын

    Not just "Soldier". Lots of people that dont deserve any respect at All were "Soldiers". Mr Arthur (wish I knew his Rank) is a COMBAT VETERAN. That in itself does not necessarily instantly earn respect either, but I am willing to bet that in this case it should. And he would not be the first Combat Vet to start a KZread Channel to distract himself from memories of his "former employment".

  • @over7532

    @over7532

    Жыл бұрын

    @@mouseblackcat5263 pretty sure he was an e-5 sgt.

  • @PRESSPLAYRADIO

    @PRESSPLAYRADIO

    Жыл бұрын

    I was a waiter for my country for years , no one was killed but I was never thanked for my service

  • @stephenpointon
    @stephenpointon Жыл бұрын

    Great subject. I think the cv-19 lokdown really showed how fragile mental states can be and how disrupting normal schedules and habits can totally disrupt our entire mental balance

  • @Deathnotefan97

    @Deathnotefan97

    Жыл бұрын

    Yeah, I have a job that was exempt from the lockdowns, so I never experienced them, but just a few weeks ago, my job had to almost entirely shut down due to lack of work, so I got almost 2 weeks off The first week was great, but the second was starting to get to me (I’ve gone a few weeks unemployed before, but in that case I had something to do in the form of job searches and interviews) No idea how people managed almost 2 years of that

  • @Deathnotefan97

    @Deathnotefan97

    Жыл бұрын

    @Darryl Revok I'm also introverted, but I still need something to do Though granted, in my case, it was more about uncertainty, I didn't know in advance I'd have 2 weeks off, each day I was called and told no work was happening that day

  • @Skorpychan

    @Skorpychan

    Жыл бұрын

    Yeah; I was off work and on lockdown for 10 weeks, and came out of it more sane than when I went in. Being a Key Worker not exposed to the public but not allowed to go out and spend money, I ended up reducing stress further. I ended up with nothing to spend money on except paying off debt.

  • @drclams4869

    @drclams4869

    Жыл бұрын

    Over the lockdowns and the politics of the 2020 race riots, I entered almost total isolation for a few months. I learned that I’ll be fine under high stress and isolation, but the vast majority other people really, really won’t. I think it’s largely a nurture thing, more than a nature thing. Most people in the past managed to cope with much worse difficulties than the covid lockdowns, so I expect that we haven’t suddenly lost the genetic ability to cope with major difficulty, I think it’s a cultural problem, where most people are over-socialized and so can’t handle much isolation.

  • @Skorpychan

    @Skorpychan

    Жыл бұрын

    @@drclams4869 It's a nature thing. Neurotypicals can't handle any isolation whatsoever, but autistic people can just chill on their own happily, in tune with the murmurings of the ship's engines.

  • @bradstephan7886
    @bradstephan7886 Жыл бұрын

    It seems to me, an important mindset for astronauts is to come to terms with death prior to each mission. Spiritually, psychologically and/or emotionally embrace death and know it's very likely to happen, so accept it, surrender to it, then forget about it and focus your thoughts and concerns on operational issues, i.e., your job and the things you've been trained to control.

  • @MR-dc4od

    @MR-dc4od

    Жыл бұрын

    Embrace it, accept it, surrender to it? What the heck? No. Failure isn't an option. What you propose is the exact opposite of a healthy mindset. Just look at Apollo 13 or any real astronaut, for that matter. Why the heck do so many people completely and totally miss like, the biggest thing about space IRL? The absolute indominable optimism of those who challenge it.

  • @bradstephan7886

    @bradstephan7886

    Жыл бұрын

    @@MR-dc4od Yes, I understand that. What I'm referring to is the psychological toll of an extended voyage; don't let fear of death add to that toll.

  • @Touchefor3

    @Touchefor3

    Жыл бұрын

    Easier said then done

  • @bradstephan7886

    @bradstephan7886

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Touchefor3 Definitely, but there is nothing easy about spending extended time in space with present technology.

  • @bradstephan7886

    @bradstephan7886

    Жыл бұрын

    @Darryl Revok Yes, but I'd be surprised if that's not already in place, either through NASA or its life insurance carrier.

  • @empireempire3545
    @empireempire3545 Жыл бұрын

    One problem - when in space, one cannot watch Isaac Arthur episodes immediately when they come out due to time lag and poor internet connection! LOTS OF STRESS WAITING FOR THE EPISODE TO DOWNLOAD!

  • @powerhouseofthecell9758

    @powerhouseofthecell9758

    Жыл бұрын

    I have a better connection and more content that can be watched live from Mars, but it's table-flipping frustrating to have to wait while KZread fetches content from a *different* world wide web.

  • @sponge1234ify

    @sponge1234ify

    Жыл бұрын

    As a third-world South-East Asian, it's probably the most normal thing in space for us :P

  • @kalemene
    @kalemene Жыл бұрын

    Being your fan from Russia I was especially interested in a citation from the cosmonaut Valery Ryumin's diary. I've found the source book in Russian, which his diaries selections that were published under the title 'The year outside the Earth' («Год вне Земли»). But it seems that due to the New Scientist publication (probably, that's where you got the phrase from) his words were misinterpreted. In a book he speaks no word on murder by himself, but once cites from the American classics. Here's the fragment, partially translated by me: On that time they barely understood if it is possible for two persons to stay together for such a long time. In the novel 'The Handbook Of Hymen' by the American writer O'Henry there is a really fateful phrase: "If you want to instigate the art of manslaughter just shut two men up in 18 by 20-foot cabin for a month. Human nature won't stand it". And it was written just 70 years from now. (На Земле немногие тогда себе представляли, возможно ли так долго быть вдвоем. Вот в рассказе американского писателя О. Генри «Справочник Гименея» есть такая просто трагическая фраза: «Если вы хотите поощрить ремесло человекоубийства, заприте на месяц двух человек в хижине восемнадцать на двадцать футов. Человеческая натура этого не выдержит». И написано это всего- навсего 70 лет назад.)

  • @isaacarthurSFIA

    @isaacarthurSFIA

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, quotes and interviews between languages can sometimes be translational trainwrecks so I'm not surprised this one was :) I think it was note from Logan on this one but that [New Scientist] might be where he got it. I'm guessing nobody is viewing the misattribution as speaking ill of him and I've never heard him mentioned with anything other than praise, though if you feel it proper I could pin this comment to the top of the comments section so folks could see the corrected translation.

  • @lhlhlhlhlh183

    @lhlhlhlhlh183

    Жыл бұрын

    Fascinating! Thanks for tracking this down!

  • @Volodimar

    @Volodimar

    Жыл бұрын

    (Sh)It happens sometimes even among hilly educated professionals in isolation, for example in Antarctica, quoting from wiki article "Crime in Antarctica": 1959 - The Vostok Station was the scene of a fight between two scientists over a game of chess. When one of them lost the game, he became so enraged that he attacked the other with an ice axe. 9 October 1996 - At McMurdo Station, a fight occurred between two workers in the kitchen.One worker attacked the other with a hammer.Another cook tried to break up the fight and was also injured. 9 October 2018 - On 9 October 2018, a stabbing occurred at the Bellingshausen Station. The perpetrator was Sergey Savitsky (Сергей Савицкий), a 54-year-old electrical engineer.He stabbed Oleg Beloguzov (Олег Белогузов), a 52-year old welder, in the chest multiple times. According to some sources, the attack occurred because Beloguzov was giving away the endings of books that Savitsky checked out at the station's library.

  • @DJCatmom

    @DJCatmom

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Volodimar Not that I approve at all, but everyone who thinks spoiling is fun should know that last story :D

  • @elitearbor

    @elitearbor

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Volodimar I'm not saying I condone what Savitsky did, but I certainly understand.

  • @maxkronader5225
    @maxkronader5225 Жыл бұрын

    Back in the day, we used to say that MRE really stood for "Meals Rejected by Ethiopians". Although, to be fair: A) MREs are better now than they were in the 1980s, and B) they really weren't that bad even then, it just got old eating them day after day. As an emergency food, or even as a lightweight food for camping or hiking trips they're fine.

  • @fatesend8637
    @fatesend8637 Жыл бұрын

    Worst thing for me would be boredom. Second worst thing might be the feeling of being trapped. Being still or in a confined space isn't tough for me. But being forced to is. In space, you don't have the option to leave and this just compounds every other psychological effect.

  • @Blowfeld20k

    @Blowfeld20k

    Жыл бұрын

    Boredom?!? Your having a laugh aren't you there is little to no spare time to get bored on "real" space mission. Shuttle and ISS crews have absolutely packed schedules mostly involving running numerous experiments and taking care of their allotment of daily maintenance activities. Same would apply to long haul missions to Mars just with a much higher proportion of "required to stay alive" maintenance. Your comment of claustrophobia is incoherent and contradictory, you don't mind confinement, but you do if you have no choice?? Thats like saying am fine eating brussels sprouts(inset an activity you like), but not when am required to. Those statements make no sense together. If your ok with brussels then your OK with them being enforced makes no practical difference. Makes even less sense since confinement is usually an enforced situation by definition.

  • @808bigisland

    @808bigisland

    Жыл бұрын

    That can be solved with large spaced ships and small crews.

  • @Jayc5001

    @Jayc5001

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@@Blowfeld20k I was with you until you brought up choice. There's a big difference between sitting in an empty room in your house or being in a jail cell. Even if they were the same exact condition. In one you are comfortable you put yourself in that situation and you can remove yourself whenever you want to. In the jail cell you're stuck there no matter what you do, what you say, you are in this situation. Even if ultimately the person is responsible for what put them in jail just like you being responsible for going on this mission voluntarily. It does not change the fact that being confinement is literally torture for a social species like ours. Choice or at least the illusion of such, is important for our sanity.

  • @astreinerboi

    @astreinerboi

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Blowfeld20k Congratulations on writing what is possibly the most aggressive response imaginable to a simple statement about personal perception. Do you feel better now?

  • @DeltafangEX

    @DeltafangEX

    Жыл бұрын

    @@astreinerboi There's a reason they aren't on the team of researchers responsible for refinements in space psychology. I'd argue such tremendous lack of empathy should mean that they shouldn't be involved with _any_ psychology studies, if I'm being honest.

  • @garyuntermeyer7976
    @garyuntermeyer7976 Жыл бұрын

    It cannot be said too often: "Thank you for your service in the military." Very much appreciated.

  • @mjk9388
    @mjk9388 Жыл бұрын

    This is a really fantastic episode. The chart of psychological factors was very helpful in understanding the things we'd need to get through. Great job Issac and team! I do have one idea that might make the format of these shows even more helpful to the audience. Putting a summary of the knowlege/ideas that you'd like your audience to walk away with at the end of every episode might help to recap things. I've been a long-time fan and Patreon supporter since 2017 and I'm always so mesmorized by the imagery and thoughts that I oftentimes find myself asking "What did I really learn in the last 30 minutes?" at the end of every episode. Of course, that's a fantastic reason to go rewatch the entire episode again, but a summary would be helpful as well. Once again, great work. This is by far the best inspirational and educational KZread Channel ever created and is always a fun bonding time with my 12-year-old son as we both look forward to watching the content together every Thursday.

  • @deus_ex_machina_

    @deus_ex_machina_

    Жыл бұрын

    I second this idea, it's not about 'dumbing down' content, but reinforcing the conclusions that were reached after working through the problem. As a visually-minded person I too get distracted by the increasingly realistic CGI graphics, or Chris Hadfield 'playing' with his food, so often find myself going back a few sentences, which breaks the flow of the presentation. Knowing that there's going to be a summary would put the mind at ease knowing that if I missed anything, it'll be covered in brief at the end, so I could just continue unless I really 'spaced out'. It would also make catching up with a previous episode that provides important context for a new one be a lot more feasible. The only ones where a summary wouldn't be appropriate would be for story-based series like the recent one about exoplanet detectors, probes, and explorers. In summary (so meta), I feel that a summary would be helpful to: 1. Reinforced the key takeaways 2. Obviate the need for incessant rewinding 3. Make it trivial to catch up with previous videos that are 'required viewing' for a new one

  • @narxes
    @narxes Жыл бұрын

    Just finishing the Expanse book series, and the amount of times I had second hand fear of something I will never experience like being inside a metal ship millions of kilometers away from Earth made me have some really weird space dreams lol. Can't imagine how the real thing affects astronauts, and how it will affect future spacefarers.

  • @JM-mh1pp

    @JM-mh1pp

    Жыл бұрын

    Ironically I think that lack of imagination is a great survival trait in space. My friend does stuff is so brave it borders on insanity and when (usually after he did it) I list all the ways that he could die he looks at me and with genuine surprise goes "wow...never thought of that".

  • @aluisious

    @aluisious

    Жыл бұрын

    All modern astronauts except for the Apollo missions were basically kids afraid to let go of the side of the pool compared to floating through deep space. You do have to give credit to the Apollo guys. It was possible if they landed on the moon and died, that for reasons that would be hard to anticipate, no one might ever land on the moon again.

  • @mattlong4102

    @mattlong4102

    Жыл бұрын

    Ooo i bet they were interesting. Ever fall asleep listening to a space audio book? Pretty awesome in my experience. Id recommend listening to one of the books you've read at a lower volume.

  • @narxes

    @narxes

    Жыл бұрын

    @@mattlong4102 I already do that with SFIA! I remember Isaac's voice mixing with my dreams at certain stages and I'd sometimes dream about what he is saying. But audiobooks sound nice as well, must definitely try that.

  • @shoujahatsumetsu

    @shoujahatsumetsu

    Жыл бұрын

    @@narxes Audiobooks have become a great way for me to enjoy literature all the time I don't have the opportunity to sit down and leaf through pages, whether it be going to the shop, taking the dog for a walk, working, excercising or whatever else keeps me away from spending quality time with my paper companions.

  • @BigZebraCom
    @BigZebraCom Жыл бұрын

    I went to space, but when I came back---I was a Zebra. Still sane though. But my shrink no longer returns my calls.

  • @agalah408
    @agalah408 Жыл бұрын

    I read details of the ships manifest of my ancestors emigrating from England to Sydney in the early 1840's as a family of 5, including babies. 380 emigrants on an 800 ton sailing ship on its maiden voyage, just 160 feet long. 99 days at sea, did not stop at any port. Did not communicate with any other craft. No air conditioning of course. One seaman, two adult emigrants, two girls and ten infants died. A good outcome. Passengers all passed a vote of thanks to the captain for keeping them in good health. Tough days!

  • @Marcus_Postma
    @Marcus_Postma Жыл бұрын

    This episode reminded me of an experiment that was done years ago, though I forget which country conducted it. Basically they took a certain amount of introverts and extroverts, and then buried them in an underground bunker for over a year. They had a large amount of entertainment options and regular tasks to do. The results were a bit inconclusive, but the introverts handled being there a lot easier than the extroverts. The downside is that the introverts weren't as effective than the extroverts upon being released and having more responsibilities.

  • @Lawofimprobability

    @Lawofimprobability

    Жыл бұрын

    Sounds like something the US Air Force would have studied using silo personnel.

  • @Marcus_Postma

    @Marcus_Postma

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Lawofimprobability I don't remember who conducted it, but I do remember that it wasn't the US.

  • @djdrack4681
    @djdrack4681 Жыл бұрын

    @Isaac Arthur I think a great analogy to some of the prolonged stress experienced in space would be the closest Earth parallel: Saturation Diving. From weeks to months in the close-quarter environment only to go on excursions in a basically instantly-fatal environment if critical failure to suit occurs; to the various systems to ensure heat regulation, air scrubbing/recycling, intermediate chambers, the physical fatigue, etc. They are far more similar than space vs regular surface diving.

  • @richardgreen7225
    @richardgreen7225 Жыл бұрын

    I would think that the nuclear submarine crews of the world's navies have many years of experience dealing with these problems. However, most 'cruises' are shorter than a trip to Mars or Venus.

  • @kevynhansyn2902

    @kevynhansyn2902

    Жыл бұрын

    5-6 month deployments are fun. I was a carrier guy, and we had several multi month no see any land deployments. Not seeing the light day is another factor.

  • @kobebarka8633
    @kobebarka8633 Жыл бұрын

    Happy Thursday! Almost through another week, Isaac makes the homestretch that much easier. Live long and prosper 🖖🏻

  • @Skorpychan

    @Skorpychan

    Жыл бұрын

    I prefer to leave them until the weekend, once I've chewed through the Friday glut of youtube videos from my usual channels. That way I can watch the pictures while playing a chill game on the other machine, and let my mind drift a bit.

  • @aftp4i94
    @aftp4i94 Жыл бұрын

    Being ex Navy I can relate to a bunch of this and I'm sure my submarine brethren even more so. I'd love to go into space but I wouldn't go thinking that it would be all sunshine and roses. Still want to go through.

  • @njnjhjh8918

    @njnjhjh8918

    Жыл бұрын

    Me too, but when it comes to technology, never be an early adopter

  • @darkhorseman1834

    @darkhorseman1834

    Жыл бұрын

    We know how to wash our ass better than most lol

  • @onlyrick
    @onlyrick Жыл бұрын

    "One has to first achieve sanity in order to sustain it". - Churchill, probably

  • @XellithUS
    @XellithUS Жыл бұрын

    As an introvert who doesnt even like leaving the house, Im always amused hearing about people going stir crazy; especially because of things going on such as covid. People complaining about not being able to go out and Im just sitting here thinking "thank god I dont have to go out!". Like some people go stir crazy because they are in enclosed spaces for weeks or months on end and I literally have had depressive episodes where I didnt even leave my room for months at a time except to use the bathroom. Im wondering if the problem isn't always the enclosed spaces, but possibly the lack of personal space.

  • @RealBradMiller

    @RealBradMiller

    Жыл бұрын

    I like to go out on MY terms. That sounds very ominous. Lol

  • @jeremysart

    @jeremysart

    Жыл бұрын

    You’re definitely on to something. Having personal space is everything.

  • @sarcasmo57
    @sarcasmo57 Жыл бұрын

    Got my drink and snack ready.

  • @spencerevans8719
    @spencerevans8719 Жыл бұрын

    At the mention of food crumbs all I could think of was "They'll clog the instruments!" ... "Careful, they're ruffled!"

  • @luketutka8921

    @luketutka8921

    3 ай бұрын

    Thank god for The Inanimate Carbon Rod

  • @bern1228
    @bern1228 Жыл бұрын

    As an Army brat, I thank you for your service. I wonder if you and the psycologist talked about the issues of raising children in space during generations long trips to other systems or galaxies. Also how the society itself will change from the orinal to the arrival. Thank you and your team for all your work on these fascinating subjects.

  • @alanweiman1521
    @alanweiman1521 Жыл бұрын

    I have been going crazy waiting for this weeks episode. If only I had a video explaining how to stay sane during the wait.

  • @wjohnson100
    @wjohnson100 Жыл бұрын

    Can really do without windows on a space ship. There are all sorts of advantages to not having windows - structural and shielding simplicity, easier layout of living spaces as screens can be put anywhere, reduction in the effects of rotation (screens can be programmed to not show rotation), easier to change the view to whatever you desire, no micrometeors wearing out windows. Also, what is seen on the screens can be engineered for the benefit of the crew - like being able to sleep in the middle of a forest, with all the sights, sounds, and maybe even smells. You might do a thought experiment on "Killing Windows" and pull the string and see where it leads.

  • @sixhundredandfive7123
    @sixhundredandfive7123 Жыл бұрын

    Space bars make so much more sense in Sci fi after watching this.

  • @richard_d_bird
    @richard_d_bird Жыл бұрын

    sane in space. half the people around here can't stay sane in their living room

  • @agalah408
    @agalah408 Жыл бұрын

    Ironing clothes is a good stress-reliever task, but remember, in Space, nobody can hear you steam.

  • @PaulThomas-qb9cx
    @PaulThomas-qb9cx Жыл бұрын

    Quarantine has taught me just how difficult life would be with such isolation and constant danger and uncertainty in space life -- until its Enterprise-quality.

  • @JonahRoyes
    @JonahRoyes Жыл бұрын

    Happy Arthur'sday , I can see now from my destroyed eye albeit everything is blurry but some vision is better than none, right now your content is keeping me sane on earth, love from Jamaica 🇯🇲❤

  • @VainerCactus0

    @VainerCactus0

    Жыл бұрын

    I hope your eye can heal or be fixed.

  • @greggweber9967
    @greggweber9967 Жыл бұрын

    Something bigger than the problem is church which gives confidence, and a feeling that I have a wingman to help, watch my six, and not be alone. Doing something, even commenting on something gives some sense of control. There was a S-F story years ago about a spaceship coming across another previous one in which the crew went crazy. One realized what happened and damaged the life support system on his good fully automatic no-touch spaceship so that his crew had something important to do and occupy their time. That spaceship made it to the destination and future designs had some manual requirements.

  • @mrnnhnz
    @mrnnhnz Жыл бұрын

    I've been watching/listening to your channel for years now, and it's still very interesting. I found this one particularly thought-provoking, so thanks for your hard work, and for uploading this.

  • @jotasietesiete4397
    @jotasietesiete4397 Жыл бұрын

    Have you ever heard of the 2018 hit game Among Us? I thought not, its not a story the crewmates would tell you, its an impostor legend. Darth Red the Sus was so powerful that he could vent to the people he loved, but his aprentice ejected him in his sleep. Ironic, he could gather a susillion dollars, but not survive.

  • @MartinCHorowitz
    @MartinCHorowitz Жыл бұрын

    The Most Crucial decision to save the Astronauts on Apollo 13 was made during LM development by Chief Engineer Tom Kelly. When NASA turned down the LM Lifeboat option, he could have shrunk the Oxygen Tanks to the size required for the Lunar Missions. He kept the Larger tank, to support possible extended Lunar stay missions, knowing it would be easier to shrink the tank later, if he needed the weight or space inside the LM, rather than having to enlarge it later. That decision is what saved the Astronauts without the Larger oxygen tank the Astronauts suffocate before getting home.

  • @jerlinej3516
    @jerlinej3516 Жыл бұрын

    I love learning about the psychological aspect of living in space. Thank you!

  • @centroid518
    @centroid518 Жыл бұрын

    This is my favorite episode thus far. very introspective.... keep these type of episodes coming brother!

  • @monsterx3055
    @monsterx3055 Жыл бұрын

    i've been working nights for the last 5 years with a small crew of people. I'm pretty sure i'd be okay on a long space mission as long as i had art supplies music and cannabis a a like minded friend to share down time with. You should do a video on Art AI i've been toying with MidJourney and i would love to see were this tech could go in personal artist expression, for some reason a lot of artist feel threatened by it but I found it instantly useful.

  • @xXx_Regulus_xXx

    @xXx_Regulus_xXx

    Жыл бұрын

    you won't be allowed to burn a candle let alone smoke. better bring edibles instead lol

  • @6ar6oyle6

    @6ar6oyle6

    Жыл бұрын

    fellow vampire worker

  • @altha2008

    @altha2008

    Жыл бұрын

    I prefer working nights did it 25 years with the state now doing it on weekends as a security guard

  • @michaela2634

    @michaela2634

    Жыл бұрын

    Gonna get dumped on for this but the studies are pretty clear at this point that cannabis isn't good for memory and cognition and it probably increases risk of dementia later in life. Also increases risk of schizophrenia.

  • @monsterx3055

    @monsterx3055

    Жыл бұрын

    @@xXx_Regulus_xXx i'm thinking yeast that's been genetically altered to produce thc

  • @saxmo8024
    @saxmo8024 Жыл бұрын

    I love how you make so many parallels between your military experience and space flight. I did the same thing in my commercial space operations undergraduate and my space studies master's degrees. Most of my class mates got tired of me playing the "old vet who sees parallels in everything", but I GOT all the subjects the professors were talking about, especially human factors and psychological considerations in space, BECAUSE of that expierence. Thank you for your service. You and I were potentially at Ramadi at the same time! I was an army truck driver from 05-08, and deployed to the Al-anbar province out of Al Asad air base twice. During that time. I spent many a night at Ramadi, Haditha, COP north, COP South, Camp Wolf, and several others pulling supply convoy missions.

  • @BAGG8BAGG
    @BAGG8BAGG Жыл бұрын

    One of the best movies about space madness, stresses and spiritual awakenings is Sunshine, great movie.

  • @isaackellogg3493
    @isaackellogg3493 Жыл бұрын

    Dr. Bot on Space Station 76 gave very simplistic answers (including “take more Valium”) to the crew members. The Captain needed psychological help, but rather quickly realized the limits of Dr. Bot’s programming, and found great comfort in gaming the responses.

  • @justinwheeler5614
    @justinwheeler5614 Жыл бұрын

    Micro-meteoroids, decompression, lack of inertial dampeners. The imagined stress of not being tied down to a source of gravity is too much to bear.

  • @apfelninja
    @apfelninja Жыл бұрын

    Thank you for your service. I think this is the first time I've heard you talk about it, and I think that's an indicator of great character.

  • @philipmurphy2
    @philipmurphy2 Жыл бұрын

    Very well throught out, Thanks for your service to science for sure.

  • @Lawofimprobability
    @Lawofimprobability Жыл бұрын

    Air pressure impacting taste has been known for decades hence the efforts by food scientists to adapt to it by altering textures rather than just stuffing it full of flavor additives. This is probably an area in which a little bit of screening could go a long way to predicting the psychological tools for a person in isolation or space. For comparison, many people found the taste of the vegetarian omelette objectionable but I did not. Some people like the taste of squid or cooked mushroom enjoyable but the texture is extremely objectionable to me. Some cultures seem to have more cooking design around taste (such as Western Europe with a multitude of sauces) and others more around textures (like Japan). A simple series of experiments can be used to create a taste v. texture spectrum index for screening astronauts or at least predicting the range of interventions.

  • @echoecho3155

    @echoecho3155

    Жыл бұрын

    This could get a bit hard considering how subjective taste can be. I've got anosmia which severely limits my ability to taste. A lot of people tend to assume I can eat anything, or that I just don't care, but I have plenty of preferences created from a combination of factors, from taste to texture to mere appearance. For example, I hate chocolate ice cream. With anosmia, chocolate and vanilla are entirely indistinguishable, having the same taste and texture. I just don't like the color. Weird, but humans have these quirks. Plus, people's prefences change with time, so such a spectrum would have to be revaluated fairly regularly.

  • @thorin1045

    @thorin1045

    Жыл бұрын

    the tricky part, it is not (or not only and not mostly) because you taste it differently in your mouth, but because taste is actually more of a factor of smell, your nose give you more in taste than your mouth, and the lower air pressure makes it much harder for your nose to do its job. so it i irrelevant what you do with the food, since you won't smell that change too. Also, the texture of the food changes, as the lower pressure changes the partial pressure of everything and this also has major effect (at least it can be corrected in theory.) in the long run we probably have different foods, that are good in those low pressure states, but would be just as bad in normal pressure, as the normal food is bad in low pressure.

  • @CorwynGC
    @CorwynGC Жыл бұрын

    Frankly that intro shot of the glove floating calmly away is the scariest scene I have seen in quite a while.

  • @free2befree
    @free2befree Жыл бұрын

    Thank you for everything Mr. IA

  • @PsiCorps85
    @PsiCorps85 Жыл бұрын

    It's cool how many different space-things you explore the concepts thereof.

  • @cannonfodder4376
    @cannonfodder4376 Жыл бұрын

    It's a miracle poor Mark Watney was able to sat sane on Mars with nothing but the crews entertainment and Disco... so much disco. Most informative as always Isaac.

  • @Ezra411st
    @Ezra411st Жыл бұрын

    it's always nice when I find a new video from Isaac and love finding unwatched old ones, makes my day

  • @potato-ld1uj

    @potato-ld1uj

    Жыл бұрын

    Ya know, if you subscribe, you can get notifications everytime he drops New video, even more so he drops his videos every thursday.

  • @The1stDukeDroklar
    @The1stDukeDroklar Жыл бұрын

    Great episode as usual.

  • @alfredsutton4412
    @alfredsutton4412 Жыл бұрын

    Always makes me smile when you upload a new video. Thank you, sir.

  • @Lukegear
    @Lukegear Жыл бұрын

    We're all quite sane here especially when it is Arthursday

  • @sixthcairn

    @sixthcairn

    Жыл бұрын

    We all float!

  • @GeorgeDolbier
    @GeorgeDolbier Жыл бұрын

    Such wonderful pictures of a young Isaac.

  • @derstoffausdemderjoghurtis4346
    @derstoffausdemderjoghurtis4346 Жыл бұрын

    Nice episode. I like discussion on this sort of topics. There are many things that have nothing to do with rockets or wormholes that are really important for space exploration.

  • @hl8333
    @hl8333 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you for your service

  • @kevink1575
    @kevink1575 Жыл бұрын

    No clue you served. Thanks, Isaac for your service and the great videos!

  • @almcdonald8676
    @almcdonald8676 Жыл бұрын

    Isaac you are one inspirational person. Soldier, educator, engineer, scientist and extraordinarily humble and personable. Just wanted to say that.

  • @ontoya1
    @ontoya1 Жыл бұрын

    I've never played d&d but I'll always Dungeons and Dragons will be will be the ultimate game for space travel. Creating infinite worlds playing as a different people and the game settng naturally lasting for hours in one sitting makes it almost as if there was made for this type of situation. I can also see "World Hopping" being more of a thing. Oh and all made out of primitive supplies if any

  • @levinavio2297
    @levinavio2297 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you for your service Mr. Arthur.

  • @mopnem
    @mopnem9 ай бұрын

    Been following since the beginning & still love every time he says grab a drink or a snack lol.

  • @walterhaider869
    @walterhaider869 Жыл бұрын

    I alway thought it might be necessary to "break" people before long space journeys, just small psychological issues but it was better they already had them, we knew of the issue, the person had tactics the deal with it and it would be harder to break someone who was already broken. Like if someone turned into a work a lohic after a family death or something similar. Now that I know better it would be better to have a couple of psychological consultants, Ai pet buddies like a drone that looks like that person's favorite pokemon or imaginatiary friend that will monitor their state of mind and will be a shoulder to cry on. Like the robot cat from buzz lightyear.

  • @crappycomputer77t1
    @crappycomputer77t1 Жыл бұрын

    8:00 I can't say I agree. I've bought many mres for storage and eaten on camping trips. The same ones used in the military and it's usually good enough that it does provide the relief of eating a full meal. It's like making dinner you and your friends sit down and prep the food. It's kinda fun and you can exchange foods that are more preferable. Like I always want the deserts and someone else wants the fruits or you can exchange the main course. MRE are always great.

  • @joeblackman100
    @joeblackman100 Жыл бұрын

    Treating the whole building site here in the UK to Isaac’s melodic tones, might be a health & safety issue with people falling asleep

  • @RevolutionaryLiger
    @RevolutionaryLiger Жыл бұрын

    Kinda funny that this video is what finally nudged me to get around to the deep cleaning I've been putting off.

  • @DarthWigs
    @DarthWigs Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for your service.

  • @Moepowerplant
    @Moepowerplant Жыл бұрын

    I have seen some dark fantasy fiction about deadly realms, and now I am reminded in a more visceral way that deadly realms actually are real.

  • @HawkGTboy
    @HawkGTboy10 ай бұрын

    Great video. One thing I’ve wondered about that you didn’t mention is anxiety over life support systems failure. Knowing that you are one equipment failure away from certain death would have to take a toll on you. Yes, there are redundant systems and spare parts, but those will always be be finite, and earth is very very far away. I don’t know, that’s the sort of thing that would keep me up at night if I were on an interstellar voyage!

  • @extropiantranshuman
    @extropiantranshuman Жыл бұрын

    and to think I'm just trying to stay sane on Earth - now I need to try to stay sane in space too! Isaac's preparing me.

  • @blankspace178
    @blankspace178 Жыл бұрын

    I now have head-canon of you storming an alien battlefield, in power armor, screaming "For the Emperor" in a confusingly-scary lisp.

  • @r3dp9

    @r3dp9

    Жыл бұрын

    Like Caboose in Red Vs Blue?

  • @blankspace178

    @blankspace178

    Жыл бұрын

    @@r3dp9 Hey Caboose, are you getting any of this? I think so. That guy Tex is really a robot, and you're his girlfriend, that makes you....a gay robot. Yeah that's right, I'm a gay robot.

  • @tonytaskforce3465
    @tonytaskforce3465 Жыл бұрын

    This has convinced me that interstellar colonization is not possible. The vessel would arrive hundreds of years later full of corpses or gibbering lunatics, if it arrived at all. 💀

  • @ilkoderez601
    @ilkoderez601 Жыл бұрын

    This is a really good episode...

  • @theobserver9131
    @theobserver9131 Жыл бұрын

    I toured Mexico, all the way down to the Yucatan, in the 80's with nothing but a backpack, some clothes, a few blankets, and a water bottle. No money, no visa....and no Spanish. I almost didn't make it, but I did. Learned a lot about myself and people in general on that adventure. Don't Panic! Use your head.

  • @theobserver9131

    @theobserver9131

    Жыл бұрын

    The further south I got, the nicer people were, mostly. The worst people were the police. Even in the 80s, a lot of police were corrupt. They kept trying to rob me, but I didn't have any money or things of value. That was awkward. I survived on charm.

  • @GadreelAdvocat
    @GadreelAdvocat Жыл бұрын

    For basic small comfort in space, on the moon or Mars. It might be worthwhile to have a Tiki bar. Other option, I had a concept for a rotation garden park. Rather than an extensive walk to see different scenery. If at least two areas of garden with, rock, trees and other features rotate slowly, you get the chance to see different aspects as you walk around various paths or sit on a park bench. Other features on the side could be stream(s), small field, small pond(s) and lined with trees.. Since it rotates, main lighting, watering, and collection of compost material from/for plants could be placed at a central location. Addition ambient lighting could be placed around the perimeter. Additional features could be a sign post, well, bridge, clock tower, chain and post fence, etc. If done well it would be able to be placed in a small room, with a big skylight it might almost feel like the great outdoors. First had the idea for a small yet jam packed park for an old folks home were they could walk for a little or a lot amount of time. All within a small area.

  • @alan2here
    @alan2here Жыл бұрын

    I think I'd be concerned and want to help the boss with their mental health issue rather than mutiny, but then I ofen don't like power hierarchies as a whole, everyone is after all a fellow human.

  • @solinvictus6562
    @solinvictus6562 Жыл бұрын

    Man i missed the old thumbnails,with the logo and the text and all,made your videos recognizable and unique You made a good choiche bringing them back

  • @extropiantranshuman
    @extropiantranshuman Жыл бұрын

    I believe staying busy with long-term projects - like hobbies that bring designs to reality that once built, help out the spaceflight - would be super helpful. Archiving and documenting large databases - like journal records of what's happened is also really time-consuming yet pertinent and useful.

  • @massimookissed1023

    @massimookissed1023

    Жыл бұрын

    Gardening too. Tending to plants & watching them grow day by day, looking forward to some fresh food to supplement all the rehydrated packet crud that's normally on the menu.

  • @cesarespinozaspain
    @cesarespinozaspain Жыл бұрын

    7:59 MRE 17 Beef Teriyaki Was one of the best! if memory serves it came with vanilla pound cake and hot cocoa powder, we used coffee creamer and a little water to make chocolate pudding. The Iraq war sucked, but it did have some good memories.

  • @thumb-ugly7518
    @thumb-ugly7518 Жыл бұрын

    Very well thought out.

  • @FarmingUnclear
    @FarmingUnclear23 күн бұрын

    18:32 Artificial gravity to solve plumbing, crumbs and skin flakes is all fun and games until the artificial gravity stops working and all those bits and pieces immediately start floating again.

  • @RickeyBowers
    @RickeyBowers Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the interesting episode. I think it's useful to person growth to experience the edge of ones abilities and this includes the cognitive limits. It creates compassion and understanding for our fellow humans. As well as the ability to recognize the effects in others, and trust the assessment of others. Like if a teammate states they are at their limit and need to take a break, or seeing the effect of stressors present in another and choosing a mitigating course of action.

  • @tranquilitybase8100
    @tranquilitybase8100 Жыл бұрын

    SFIA keeps me sane on Earth

  • @lookinaround7875
    @lookinaround7875 Жыл бұрын

    Was hoping this was going to be a "how to" episode. I work a remote job solo, think lighthouse keeper plus security, with a year on year off schedule. The space madness does creep up on you it does. Acceptance is the first step.

  • @a.h.1358
    @a.h.1358 Жыл бұрын

    Therapy is supposed to help you with introspection, and self-reflection-but you can only do so much of that until you’re “Talking to Yourself”-and that’s potentially a symptom of psychosis.

  • @jamesmayes4351
    @jamesmayes4351 Жыл бұрын

    I just remember the skylab mission that mutinied. That was a short mission but with tons of stress and pressure.

  • @Aginor88
    @Aginor88 Жыл бұрын

    Interesting as per usual.

  • @D_Cragoon
    @D_Cragoon Жыл бұрын

    Hopefully the instruction manuals in space will be (and indeed hopefully are) on average clearer and more precise than many of the ones down here on Earth. Potentially having to try to fix your life support system using poorly drawn diagrams would be quite stressful I would imagine...

  • @VainerCactus0

    @VainerCactus0

    Жыл бұрын

    Maybe they can train people to fix the life support before hand. If there is one or two people that can fix a few components blindfolded, then on average you should be able to keep everything running unless things get so bad you lose half the crew. If that happens, then there was not much extra repair training or manuals would do imo.

  • @isaackellogg3493

    @isaackellogg3493

    Жыл бұрын

    @@VainerCactus0 this was solved in one story. On day five after launch, a Line of Demarcation was drawn throughout the ship separating Port Colonists from Starboard Colonists. Students working in small groups set to work memorizing rote facts about how to make the ship systems go and maintain flight systems and biological homeostasis. Kids don’t care about their parents’ obsessions, but they’ll do anything to defeat a rival. By the third generation, the ship is divided into two theocracies locked in a vicious Cold War, opposing each other based on minute points of received doctrine. By journey’s end, the two sides are eager to colonize the target planet so they can build weapons and vehicles to better wage holy war on the infidels. Birth rates stay high, as do morale and motivation. Each rival colony is united in their Manifest Destiny. It may not be the “best” outcome, but it has more than ample historical precedent.

  • @sumbius1576
    @sumbius1576 Жыл бұрын

    Have to say that I found the table 3. Known Spaceflight Stressors really interesting to read. I suppose it is something where most people find a third of those to be really likely stressors for themselves, a third to be none issue (or in many cases, just stressors they think wouldn't affect them but just haven't realized yet. Actually being subjected to them tend to bring out things in people they didn't realize before) and a last third of things that they never thought of but find to be possible problems. tl;dr: That table really is worth an episode on itself and that is what most of this one is.

  • @extropiantranshuman
    @extropiantranshuman Жыл бұрын

    17:24 space farming of plants would fix that. I use plants as natural air filters in my room! They're perfumy too - adding a nice scent compared to just eliminating odors. The ones I grow with a lot of scent release are basil and pineapple chamomile.

  • @cbrewitt
    @cbrewitt Жыл бұрын

    Don’t worry. The ship’s supercomputer will select the optimal holographic companion to keep you sane. Optimal not guaranteed if ship’s computer also insane.

  • @jtc47toinfinity97
    @jtc47toinfinity97 Жыл бұрын

    This channel is soo underrated peak space content in My opinion i have allways been wondering why we don.t sent your trash out in to space or if we will do soo in the future and think it would be very intresting to see an short episode on this topic some time in the future in thres not enough content in this topic for a longer episode

  • @dagoonite
    @dagoonite Жыл бұрын

    In the story that I'm writing, modern day humans had to evacuate Earth when the nuclear and albedo options failed to save Earth from asteroids. The main crux is a fleet of ships returning to the majority of humanity after 30 years and observing the differences between them. This is one subject that I've been very interested in. Without windows, I was thinking about stealing an idea from one of the antartic bases, being a "bright room." When people start to wear down, they're given a shift (literally their assigned task for the day) in the bright room for R&R. Ironically, the main character prefers his R&R in what time he can schedule in the "coffin," basically a cubby with extra soundproofing and baffles to deaden noise from the air systems with a single LED for light that you can shut off. He desperately craves the ability to enjoy some peace, quiet, and silence in order to relax. One reason for this is because, as the first person born on board, he's spent his life being fast tracked to become command some day. That takes a heavy mental toll on him, and being around others reminds him of the weight he carries, so being alone is his best solace. Naturally, the events conspire to both give him that in a negative way, but also to deny him that terribly. Everyone was able to bring a certain weight of things, and I've been thinking about the people who had foresight for their own sanity and those who didn't. There's a character who brought a ton of cartoons; some anime, but also kids shows from their youth. He not only gets on well with the kids for this, but being able to relax to an episode or two of Batman the Animated Series as his bunk lights dim just before bed has become a beloved anti-stress routine for him. Meanwhile, more than one crewmember brought things that either broke down easier or were consumed found themselves without over time. I still have a lot more research to do on this subject, and this was a good reminder that I was thinking in the right directions. Thank you.

  • @erikfreeman2472
    @erikfreeman2472 Жыл бұрын

    Good episode! :-)

  • @polishane8837
    @polishane8837 Жыл бұрын

    This video will help with book writing so much

  • @douglasstewart4790
    @douglasstewart4790 Жыл бұрын

    There's a Larry Niven story, "The Ethics of Madness" that has a really disturbing ending involving prolonged space travel. "Fifty years? The flap of a gnat's wings.".....

  • @alan2here
    @alan2here Жыл бұрын

    "use your own judgment, that's an order"

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