Renewable energies: the return of biomass

Ғылым және технология

Activate the subtitles in the player window, interviews are in French!
For thousands of years biomass (organic matter) was the primary source of energy. Since the industrial revolution, the combustion of fossil fuels, accounting for 87% of today’s global energy package, has replaced biomass as the primary source. Yet issues surrounding energy and food production and sustainable development engender new perspectives on the production of bio-fuels, especially from by-products of agro-industry and forestry. Biomass, now supporting 10% of world energy consumption, could increase to provide 25% of global energy needs.
This film combines figures, schematics, and interviews with professionals in the field (e.g. economist, farmer, mechanic, researcher, aircraft manufacturer...). The potential for biomass is evident, but its usage must be rational, optimized and adapted to local environments.
A film by Gérard Goma (scientific advisor) and Mathias Fyferling
Film chapters:
0:00 Definition of biomass.
0:39 Issue: can biomass replace fossil fuels?
1:36 World energy consumption vs energy received from the sun vs energy captured by biomass.
2:05 Graph: the global energy mix (2008)
2:31 What is photosynthesis? What is the CO2 and O2 balance?
4:46 Graph: storage of greenhouse gases over a plant’s life.
6:14 Interview: Élisabeth Le Net, forest and wood sector economist. The forest management depends on the use we want to make of it (ship, furniture, firewood...)
7:37 Diagram of the carbon cycle: circulating carbon, fossil carbon, deforestation, anthropogenic CO2 ...
9:20 Graph: rise of atmospheric CO2 over the years.
9:37 The carbon stock on earth.
10:51 Map: energy consumption by country. Issue of increasing consumption.
11:53 Introduction to renewable energy and circulating carbon.
12:59 Example of plant oil for fuel in Villeneuve sur Lot (France). Interview : Julio Gonçalvès, chief engineer.
15:00 Interview: Richard Cavaillé, oil producer.
17:19 Definition of 1st generation and 2nd generation biofuels.
18:12 Definition: static and mobile uses of energy.
19:00 Graph: comparison of calorific values: wood, methane, H2, uranium ...
20:15 Introduction to liquid biofuels, and to the production of bio-based hydrocarbons. Comparison of calorific values.
21:18 Interview: Carole Jouve, professor at INSA (Toulouse, France). Use of oleaginous yeasts for the production of lipids.
23:33 Interview: Yohan Allouche, Airbus R&D. Application of biofuels to aviation.
26:01 Diagram of lignocellulose, the raw material of 2nd generation biofuels.
26:43 Deconstruction of lignocellulose: microbial and chemical methods.
27:42 Interview: Olivier Guerrini, GDF-SUEZ R&D. Visit of a gasification pilot plant for the production of biofuels.
31:39 Diagram: use of biomass resources according to their nature (1G, 2G, 3G). Introduction to biorefineries.
33:05 Diagram: saving of greenhouse gases depending on the fuel used (1G, 2G).
33:34 What biomass resource do we have? Consider land and net primary production (map).
35:48 Interview: Élisabeth Le Net. Wood is sometimes difficult to mobilize, and is therefore under exploited. Wood sectors are complementary: timber, lumber, and energy products. Territories must be managed globally, agriculture together with forestry.
39:02 Conclusion.

Пікірлер: 88

  • @gabbercharles4513
    @gabbercharles45137 жыл бұрын

    Thank you @Mathias, good video

  • @margaret3883
    @margaret38834 жыл бұрын

    Wonderful video! Thank you!

  • @MegaRotors
    @MegaRotors3 жыл бұрын

    Biomass for fuel is good in small amounts but not for mass fueling purposes. We can still have campfires, but we cannot cut down the rainforest to heat our homes every night.

  • @willykitheka7618
    @willykitheka76187 жыл бұрын

    Very informative. Thanks

  • @qwerth8662
    @qwerth86623 жыл бұрын

    My computer doesn't have speakers so I turned on the captions. They were only there for part of the video. Good documentary but please put captions.

  • @TalkTasteTeach
    @TalkTasteTeach8 жыл бұрын

    I can use this in my classroom. Thank you very much.

  • @mfyferling

    @mfyferling

    8 жыл бұрын

    You are welcome, it is here on purpose!

  • @thomascalias

    @thomascalias

    6 жыл бұрын

    Very informative and interesting. But French-to-English translation of the interviews would have been nice! At least subtitles.

  • @EuroUser1

    @EuroUser1

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@thomascalias. There *are* subtitles now. Just make sure you turn them on.

  • @Sunworshipping
    @Sunworshipping5 жыл бұрын

    Very nice video than you very much !!

  • @arterranrenewables7162
    @arterranrenewables7162 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent video!

  • @bigdaverobo21
    @bigdaverobo217 жыл бұрын

    Nice vidéo!

  • @refrigerator2676
    @refrigerator26762 жыл бұрын

    Finally some nod information

  • @Ben1829epek
    @Ben1829epek3 жыл бұрын

    Keep going!

  • @finlarg
    @finlarg8 жыл бұрын

    Some very interesting information in this video - thank you for making this and sharing it with the world! Unfortunately, most people don't seem to understand ecology and the long and short term carbon cycles, and how they affect our future. I don't know whether this is due to poor education, apathy or other factors, but it seems to be very important that more people SEE videos like this...

  • @elmilenial4064

    @elmilenial4064

    2 жыл бұрын

    Cuz they are stuped

  • @jamesbirt6534

    @jamesbirt6534

    2 жыл бұрын

    The only thing I don't understand in this video is the french🤣

  • @bencrawshaw1227
    @bencrawshaw12273 жыл бұрын

    We need to start thinking of going more back to living within an ecological budget. Using only what the sun provides within any given year.

  • @ThatDirtyGreen
    @ThatDirtyGreen7 жыл бұрын

    @20:09 "BUUUT" *GIANT MUSHROOM* HAAAHAaha

  • @ld6504
    @ld65048 жыл бұрын

    Why no subtitles for the parts of the movie that are in French?

  • @mfyferling

    @mfyferling

    8 жыл бұрын

    Just activate the subtitle! Can I do it for you automatically from youtube control pannel?

  • @Matthew-kj3pl
    @Matthew-kj3pl8 жыл бұрын

    Interesting

  • @CaptainManic2010
    @CaptainManic2010 Жыл бұрын

    I'm not sure if this is just my mood today? But this was fucking brilliant. I'm so excited for our future. I do NOT believe climate change is compulsory. We have the fucking technology bro.

  • @engmahmoud3232
    @engmahmoud32323 жыл бұрын

    Hello Sir, Do you have an ideo about these questions, some of them related tou your topic. 1-Which is/are true? A - Volcanically active regions in Italy with historic europtions are those that are greatly suitable for geothermal power plants. B- Wells for geothermal energy sources could not serve fossil fuel utilisation at all. C- Iceland has the greatest geothermal energy potential in europe in country's energy mix. D- Geothermal energy Could power all our energy needs. E- Geothermal wells are mostly transformed from wells of water in the ground. 2- Which is /are true ? A- Advantage of direct use of solar energy is that this can provide cheap electricity for all places. B- Advantages of direct use of solar energy is the part time use, depending on the period of day, season and cloudiness. C- Disadvantage of direct use of solar energy are that this cannot provide electricity for remote places far from the grid. D- Advantages of direct use of solar energy are that this is clean to generate, the resource is sustainable and free. E- Disadvantages of direct use of solar energy is that the environmental impact of PV cell production is not yet minimized. 3-Which is / are true ? A- One of the advantages of geothermal energy is that it can provide heat energy for power plants at any location. B- One of the advantages of geothermal energy use can be the sinking of ground level in case of excessive water resource depletion. C- One of the advantages of geothermal energy use can be a local pollution, caused by local environmental effects like the noise of technology or stinky gases (H2S). D- A disadvantage of geothermal energy is the high operation costs of heat utilisation. E- An advantage of the use of surface near heat pumps that their utilisation is independent of meteorological conditions. 4- Which is / are true ? A- A separated solar space does not sell natural lighting purposes. B- Glazing transmission characteristics allow for the greenhouse effect in building. C- Glazed walls and windows let in solar radiation but significantly hinder heat energy radiation to exit a room. D- An energy defensive building planning strategy maximize daylighting. E- A Trombe wall serves daylighting purposes. 5- Which is /are true ? A- Secondary biomass means plants prepared for energy utilisation. B- Waste biomass cannot be used for energy purpose. C- Primary biomass means natural vegetation (plants) and energy plants. D- Tertiary biomass means products, byproducts and wastes of industries using biogenic materials, and municipal organic wastes( sewage). E- Municipal waste or sewage cannot be used for energy production. 6-Which is / are true? A- Main conversion routes of biomass energy utilisation include physico chemical conversion. B- Main conversion routes of biomass energy utilisation include thermochemical conversion. C- Biochemical conversion is not appropriate for waste to energy operations. D- Biodegradation means composting. E- Thermochemical conversion of biomass is not able to produce vehicle fuel. 7- Which is /are true? A- An advantage of the use of surface near heat pumps that their utilisation is independent of day and night changes. B- Geothermal energy means thermal energy on the earth. C- One of the advantages of geothermal energy is that it can provide heat energy for power plants where geological conditions are appropriate. D- The more the depth of a geothermal well increases at a given location the more the temperature decreases that the thermal power plant can utilize. E- The most geothermal energy can be attained at the centers of tectonic plates of the Earth's crust. 8- Which is / are true? A- A heat pump enhance energy efficiency. B- A heat pump system transports water in the system, thus it does not include any fan for moving air. C- Refrigerators have nothing to do with heat pumps because the produce cold. D- A heat pump system elevate the energy of a low temperature heat resource at a higher temperature. E- Air conditioners are not connected with heat pumps because they produce cooling for the inner space of a building. 9-Which is /are true? A- Passive solar energy utilisation technologies include photovoltaic solar power. B- Passive solar energy utilisation include heating with thermal collectors. C- Passive solar energy utilisation technologies include daylighting. D- Passive solar energy utilisation technologies include solar heating through already present windows and glazing. E- Passive solar energy utilisation technologies include concentrating solar power. 10- Which is /are true? A- A geothermal power plant cannot utilize any mineral in the ground. B-The main purpose of a geothermal power plant is to provide heat energy for buildings from the underground steam. C- The energetics subsystem of a geothermal power plant include steam engines. D- The geothermal well(reservoir) is one of the main subsystems of a geothermal power plant. E- A steamer and steam cleaner part is one of the main subsystems of a geothermal power plant. 11- Which is / are true? A- Active solar energy utilisation technologies include photovoltaic solar power. B- Active solar energy utilisation technologies include solar heating through already present windows and glazings. C- Active solar energy utilisation technologies include daylighting. D- Passive solar energy utilisation technologies include concentrating solar power. E- Active solar energy utilisation technologies include heating with solar thermal collectors. 12-Which is /are true? A- Useful energy means the energy (services) effectively made available / useful to the user by the final technical transformation (in the respective equipment). B- Transformed (secondary) fuels/ energy mans energy final utilisation. C- Energy supply chain means the use of main products, byproducts and wastes of industrials using biogenic materials, municipal organic wastes (sewage). D- Basic (primary) fuels / energy consist of energy carriers and natural forces( energy flows)that can be used to produce energy before any technical transformation. E- An energy transformation chain is not part of the economy and society because of its mechanical nature. 13-Which is / are true? A- Natural lighting can enter a building through windows and solar tubes as well. B- Proper shading elements allow solar radiation to enter the building at a winter sun angle. C- Proper shading elements allow solar radiation to enter the building at a summer sun angle. D- Heat absorbing panels cannot be used in combination with passive solar space heating. E- The thermal mass of a building has no role in case of passive solar heating.

  • @sinhnguyen4815
    @sinhnguyen48152 жыл бұрын

    To what extents? To the extents that we can keep our carbon consumption cycle accountable and to ourselves.

  • @ecsyntric
    @ecsyntric5 ай бұрын

    my 10yr old says his Ts like this 😅

  • @VikasChaudhari1986
    @VikasChaudhari19864 жыл бұрын

    Dislike because translation in English not provided at required parts

  • @mfyferling

    @mfyferling

    4 жыл бұрын

    where exactely translation is lacking? did you activate it?

  • @VikasChaudhari1986

    @VikasChaudhari1986

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@mfyferling 6:11 to 7:22 13:20 to 15:20

  • @VikasChaudhari1986

    @VikasChaudhari1986

    4 жыл бұрын

    23:00 to 25:00

  • @mfyferling

    @mfyferling

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@VikasChaudhari1986 I am sorry, here it works! Did you click the subtitle button and select the english subtitle in the parameters?

  • @VikasChaudhari1986

    @VikasChaudhari1986

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@mfyferling thank you sir. It helped.

  • @macartancaughey9993
    @macartancaughey99933 жыл бұрын

    Getting back to your world map to consumers is it not possible the the less consumers are close to the equator and the large consumers are closer to the poles north pole and south pole so your flawed it your thinking open your eyes such twaddle

  • @Noukz37
    @Noukz376 жыл бұрын

    Thank you YT for recommending something useful. :-D But most of all thank you Matias and your team for making this amazing video, I learnt so much. I will re-watch it again soon. Very informative and in-depth yet objective and non-personal. Not sure about the nuclear mushroom tho. :-P

  • @jusjetz
    @jusjetz8 жыл бұрын

    A perfect solution to convert not only into biofuels but to eliminate waste.

  • @aniketmestry8351
    @aniketmestry83515 жыл бұрын

    Really this video gives knowledge about renewable energy and biomass

  • @Noukz37
    @Noukz376 жыл бұрын

    Amazing documentary! I just wish there was more talk about ecology and climax communities with biodiversity in particular.

  • @Sofus.
    @Sofus.8 жыл бұрын

    As a Dane, it is strange that I as a 40 year old guy. Can remember the first biomass power plant, being built in my village as a child. It's a little bit slow guys come on

  • @sanjokdhimal2729

    @sanjokdhimal2729

    2 жыл бұрын

    Old lady o

  • @BerniniImpianti
    @BerniniImpianti6 жыл бұрын

    Could we share your video giving proper credit? it is very well done. Regards

  • @EuroUser1

    @EuroUser1

    4 жыл бұрын

    If you share it through any of the tools that KZread provides, there shouldn't be any problem.

  • @mfyferling

    @mfyferling

    4 жыл бұрын

    Of course you can! This vidéo has been paid with public money, for public use! ...sorry for my late answer.

  • @MsAernout
    @MsAernout8 жыл бұрын

    NICE VIDEO. GOOD EXPLAINED. PLZ, MAKE MORE VIDEOS!!!

  • @EuroUser1
    @EuroUser14 жыл бұрын

    How is this technology ageing? Has it been further implemented? Or has it been rendered obsolete by solar/wind/hydrogen?

  • @robinhyperlord9053
    @robinhyperlord90535 жыл бұрын

    How much energy per area per day?

  • @MSR-Saif
    @MSR-Saif4 жыл бұрын

    Brilliant, the world has to harness renewable energy from all possible sources, in fact the future world will consume more energy to avail economic growth and better life, thanks.

  • @donovan3823
    @donovan38238 жыл бұрын

    Yeah was great in the English speaking part but I'm not bilingual with French. Please MSG me when you have fixed the problem and I'll watch the rest

  • @codianderson9996

    @codianderson9996

    7 жыл бұрын

    just turn on the CC button (closed captions). this turns on english subtitles for the french parts.

  • @MSR-Saif
    @MSR-Saif4 жыл бұрын

    Saving agriculture lands, crops and required forests please

  • @jusjetz
    @jusjetz8 жыл бұрын

    Have you all heard of industrial hemp?

  • @makmak
    @makmak8 жыл бұрын

    could someone enlighten me on this? can plants be capable of producing carbon emmisions?

  • @obraspelobrasil7951

    @obraspelobrasil7951

    5 жыл бұрын

    CO2 ? yes.

  • @chrisoliverdelacruz5347
    @chrisoliverdelacruz53475 жыл бұрын

    How about making Biomass Batteries?

  • @EuroUser1

    @EuroUser1

    4 жыл бұрын

    It's not technically feasible, as far as I'm concerned. Not, at least, in a way that can outperform hydrogen.

  • @perturbo4253
    @perturbo42538 жыл бұрын

    so are you saying burning wood is not pollution?

  • @mfyferling

    @mfyferling

    8 жыл бұрын

    Yes, indeed! I am saying that it will release no more CO2 into the atmosphere than the nature would do naturally in decomposing the wood... If you are looking for renewable energy, better burn the wood than let it decompose! Then bring the ashes back in the forest. Yet I am not saying that wood burning is not producing micro particles. I am not saying neither that you should kill all the trees tomorrow to produce clean energy.

  • @strokex1
    @strokex18 жыл бұрын

    never knew i had to take a french exam to understand large parts of the video. Not kool.

  • @mfyferling

    @mfyferling

    8 жыл бұрын

    By chance I took English exams years ago, then I translated my film to offer it to my English speakers friends, and today I am glad to have this nice conversation with you! Can't you understand the English subtitles? Mathias, from Paris.

  • @strokex1

    @strokex1

    7 жыл бұрын

    There was no English subtitles.

  • @gabbercharles4513

    @gabbercharles4513

    7 жыл бұрын

    there are. click the 'CC' (stands for CLOSED CAPTIONS) button on the bottom right part of the video.

  • @Noukz37

    @Noukz37

    6 жыл бұрын

    *there were no English subtitles

  • @jamesshanks2614

    @jamesshanks2614

    6 жыл бұрын

    Well I turned on my captions in my KZread app and when she appeared speaking French there was the translation to English ( not automatically) in a perfect translation.

  • @MattCasters
    @MattCasters8 жыл бұрын

    Sorry, bio-mass energy and bio-fuels are a complete dead end. That is essentially because plants convert about 2% of the sunlight into energy. Compare this to a modern solar panel which gets at least 10 times as much efficiency and that is directly usable in the form of electricity, not locked up in complex molecules. Complicating factors are also the enormous amount of water needed to produce bio-fuels, the high cost and complexity of bio-mass anything, using land to produce low efficiency energy instead for food, the disruption of global food markets and so on. Watch a Tony Seba video on the subject.

  • @KieraCameron514

    @KieraCameron514

    7 жыл бұрын

    That's a myth to say there is energy in those chemical bonds. During combustion, energy is released when chemical bonds are formed not broken.

  • @3dmaker699

    @3dmaker699

    6 жыл бұрын

    You Missed the point of the video!

  • @Noukz37

    @Noukz37

    6 жыл бұрын

    Yeah, did you even watch the video smartass? World now need simple, and quick solutions to slow down the degradation of the environment we are causing. You know that a majority of the population today can't really afford the solar, wind, tidal and especially nuclear.

  • @chrisoliverdelacruz5347

    @chrisoliverdelacruz5347

    5 жыл бұрын

    How about making a biomass battery to store the energy?

  • @lambycorn5253
    @lambycorn52536 жыл бұрын

    The way this dude says water and matter is pathetic

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