I have been dealing with existentional crisis for years and now I am finally getting to Descartes and his work. Needless to say it's only gotten worse.

@MugenTJ

Жыл бұрын

Why? The guy first can’t tell from dream and reality, next think the mind is separate from his body, now he think ideas are more real then objects in reality . The guy was clearly a god loving leaning magician trying to convince the public that god exists. Not to say he wasn’t smart. My point is you exist , your body exists, life is both brutal and beautiful. Take care of yourself and strive to find your own happiness.

@ronblas8580

11 ай бұрын

@MugenTJ I Would argue that it is not that he couldn’t tell the difference between dream vs reality, but that he understood it differently and realized the mind is more complex than previously realized. The law of vibration (attraction) would explain that part. When you get into a deep meditation your brain waves slow and change and you actually feel a separation of your mind and body. Your body may exist but your mind is separate from your body. Descartes also talks about a thought. A thought is a vibration and vibration is energy/ or a form of. Therefore, a thought cannot be created nor destroyed. So where does it come from?

@joedan5366

11 ай бұрын

As a Christian i have a suggestion so what do you think of the arguments that at the very least you had to have Abrahamic presuppositions to start recording things scientificly

@PhysHow42

11 ай бұрын

How did this comment manage to kick off one of the most inane comment threads on KZread? On a philosophy lecture of all places.

@joedan5366

11 ай бұрын

@PhysHow42 because everyone needs a system of belief or they don't have an identity to find a reason to live

I'm a first year philosophy student in France and one of my teachers is among the most eminent Descartes experts there is. While his classes were really great, these videos and especially this one since my exam turned out to be about the third meditation really made everything clear to me. Today I was eventually told I got the best possible grade and I couldn't be happier. Mr Kaplan, thank you!

You're the only reason why I understand Descartes' third meditation. You make it so much easier to understand and you're entertaining as well. Thank you!!

@profjeffreykaplan

3 жыл бұрын

I am extremely glad that it was helpful!

@makorocko9525

2 жыл бұрын

,,,,,

@makorocko9525

2 жыл бұрын

S

@makorocko9525

2 жыл бұрын

Zzzzz

@makorocko9525

2 жыл бұрын

S,

Man, what a relief! I've been battling the third meditation for about a fortnight. 45 minutes very well spent!

@profjeffreykaplan

3 жыл бұрын

Glad I could help!

@joshlcaudill

4 ай бұрын

I want friends who measure time by fortnight, rather than PLAY it.

You remind me of an Art history teacher I once had in high school. I still remember a lot of art history while I forgot almost all my general history. She was so passionate and understood exactly what we needed to understand and learn from it. She learned us to recognise a painting, building or sculpture without ever seeing it before. She didn’t want us to memorise every painting, she wanted us to be able to tell who painted a less famous piece of the artist and why we think it’s that artist who painted it. It she gave a lot of paintings and she wanted us to say what time period and art movement it belonged to and why we think that. We usually had a test with a bunch of paintings, buildings and sculptures and we had to say: -the time it was painted. (always within 50 years for example: 1400-1450 between those years it was painted. or the exact date then you get an extra bonus point.😅) - the location it was made - the art movement it belonged to. -The artist - then we had to explain how we came to that conclusion. How do you know this painting is made by this artist? What are the aspects in the painting are tipical for it’s art movement? She was the best teacher ever I loved all her classes.

Your a damn good teacher, you just explained the substance vs modes distinction in like 5 minutes when it has taken me ages to figure it out. I love the set up of these video, and the dark background really keeps me engaged. Keep doing what you're doing, this is amazing and fascinating to watch, I am so glad I came across your videos!

@PringlesOriginal445

3 жыл бұрын

I am still watching, and wow this is so engaging. Some people were just born to be teachers and you're one of them!

@profjeffreykaplan

3 жыл бұрын

Thanks for the kind words!

@conr.3624

2 жыл бұрын

Aren’t modes just properties of substances?

@mikeg.6590

2 жыл бұрын

You're*

@borissmolden5040

11 ай бұрын

I totally have to agree. I would be unlikely to understand any of this without your superior teaching skills.

Since I was like 8 years old, I used to watch my country’s university channel with lectures about philosophy for hours. At my 38 years old, I just went back to college and added Philosophy as my second major. Your lessons are my breakfasts. 👽♥️♥️♥️

I am 45 years old and KZread thought I wanted to watch this series. Lecture 1&2 were awesome. I waffled on this lecture(three) right up until you said you didn't agree with the proof. This made me recall that I don't have to agree with something to understand it and those who hold the view. I appreciate your energy. Stay AWESOME! KZread was correct.

There's a reason that virtually no Christian or Muslim apologists use the Cartesian cosmological argument. It's frankly unconvincing (and likely full of informal fallacies), even to believers. It's interesting to me because I think a lot of the people really understand what he was doing with doubting everything and especially resonate with the cogito. But, then you get to meditation 3 and it really goes off the rails. Nevertheless, great summary by Kaplan here.

@puzzardosalami3443

Жыл бұрын

That's exactly how I felt.

@Nick-Nasti

8 ай бұрын

Well said. Descartes assumptions are wrong. His methods are flawed and his conclusions are nonsensical. My attempt to boil it down: “I have an idea of God, therefore God exists”

@valueape888

3 ай бұрын

Agreed. Understanding the cogito was a personal and intimate discovery of That Which Is - the only thing we can have certain knowledge of ( I came to the understanding by doubting everything and then attempting to doubt that i doubt, and that did it - something was doubting and even before that something doubted, that something was already there existing). Not sure why he thought this was a better proof or even necessary after the cogito. Was he trying to give proof to the existence of a sky daddy? He seemed smarter than that.

@samc3030

2 ай бұрын

the reason why is because descartes didn’t actually follow his method (which becomes clear in the third meditation); he says so explicitly in his discourse on method and in the introduction to the meditations. he says he is writing in response to the pope’s call for christian philosophers to prove the validity of christian beliefs. it’s very poorly written because descartes worked backwards: he predetermined his conclusion and then figured out the steps necessary to get there. he also refuses to engage with objections to the existence of god because he says objections are only worth his time if they have an equal chance of being true. since (as he claims) a benevolent god is the only way of knowing things with certainty, he concluded that any argument without god inherently had less chance of being true, and thus didn’t publish written responses to any of them. he also admits that there a bunch of unstated premises. once you read all his other works about the meditations you realize why it seems like such a bad argumrnt

@mykrahmaan3408

2 ай бұрын

There is absolutely no reason to waste so much time to prove that an entity that created and sustains the universe WITH ALL THE EVIL in it exists. It is obvious there certainly is a creator. Far more important is to realize that this CRUEL ENTITY doesn't deserve any respect, let alone prayers and subordintion to the rules The Cruel Brute is supposed to have revealed to some preferred idiots, who didn't have the guts to question The Brute about all the Evil. Existence of God doesn't mean The Brute deserves respect and/or following. The rules of god just like the Laws of Nature are all human inventions. Neither god nor nature has printed any law anywhere, but humans who formulated them claim them to come from a higher entity (God/Nature) to gain authority for their own inventions.

What a privilege to be able to view these lectures! Thank you.

I am amazed by the amount of energy you put into making Descartes meditations easy to understand. Thanks so much.

"19:46 take control of your life. you know." Hahaha. Thanks, a lot Prof. I love your content. I knew I had a gap in knowledge for not learning philosophy. And I'm glad you've made its importance apparent. It's a giant chasm of Knowledge. Thanks, a lot Professor.

@Anything_Slime

25 күн бұрын

This is 45 minutes… I want to cry :(

“I wrote it down, because it was important “ that’s a statement of the day - for me, that is!

As someone who understands these things in Aristotelian terms, this lecture was like learning a whole different language where most of the words have opposite meanings to your native language. woooooo dawgie, that was hard!

How good is this guy - he explains it clearly and he’s an entertaining lecturer!

Can't thank you enough! I wish there were a "love" button :) It is extremely helpful. Thank you so much!

@profjeffreykaplan

3 жыл бұрын

You're very welcome!

Excellent teacher. Learn Descartes. Than immediately forget everything he said. You’ll be smarter for it.

This series on the meditations is my first real dive into philosophy lessons and you make understanding seem achievable thank you. Also the moments of pause and rumination (challenging us to answer a question) I really like that engagement well done.

You're an incredibly skilled teacher, thank you so much

@profjeffreykaplan

3 жыл бұрын

You're very welcome!

I don't know why but I could understand the third meditation by watching your video much better and more clearly than by reading its translation and explanations in French or my language. Thank you very much. From Tokyo.

I had read this meditation many times over the past 15 years but finally got it now. THANK YOU

This guy was a good companion in tough moments, total respect and gratitude towards you Mr. Kaplan.

Thanks very much for this! I'm not formally studying it but I've been getting into philosophy recently, and read through Descartes' Meditations earlier but didn't understand things anywhere near as well as after watching some of your lectures.

Thanks Jeffery! I am somewhat embarrassed to admit I never understood what Philosophy was about. If I had, I would not have been surprised that people 100's and sometime 1000's of years ago were asking the same existential questions we all ask today and probably always will . My life would have been richer and more meaningful if I had taken the time to learn from the intellectuals of our past. I appreciate you clarifying their insights. :-)

@mynameisericmc

10 ай бұрын

Take some shrooms

@cradokski

10 ай бұрын

@@mynameisericmcMy favorite fungus 🙂

the clearest philosophical presentation i have come across so far.

this guy actually saved me in the night before my exam, thanks for that!

@profjeffreykaplan

3 жыл бұрын

Glad I could help!

Wow wish to have you as my philosophy teacher, such a great understanding of this . Thanks !

You are awesome! I love philosophy but I get bogged down reading those pillars of thought. You condense it down for me to enjoy the thinking part. Your method is so cool. Keep going !

21:45 "that's okay, start over, your times not that valuable" 🤣 Your a fantastic teacher and a funny dude too!

Watching from Malawi and am really enjoying myself, you are really great presenter.

you shocked me and left me speechless with your explanation

It might be beneficial to work through an objective/formal reality analysis of an object of fantasy-or the idea of that object of fantasy-to put a bow on Decartes meditations. For example, a unicorn 🦄, or a sentient robot. I really appreciate your content, professor. I studied philosophy in college and this presentation on Descartes was wonderfully satisfying to revisit and refresh. Thank you for sharing. 🙂

This is the most difficult and crucial part.. thanks for this very clear explanation

what a good teacher you are.

Man this has been a lifesaver. Thank you so much!

These courses are amazing! Thank you for this 🙂

Absolutely Excellent! Yes, I had to rewind, so to speak, twice in Meditation #3. And yes, now I get it. I admit, for the same reasons you voiced, I don't agree with the findings, buy I understand now the process. Thank you so very much!

I can't thank you enough, you really helped me with my studying.

Really glad you added the qualifier at the end about premises 2 and 3 of the proof not quite holding water. That's one of the places I was like, wait, that's not a "given." Point 10 also seems to be begging the question. In any case, really enjoying your lectures, thank you!

@beatrixwickson8477

8 ай бұрын

Yes, not to mention the shady move to make a category of infinite substances just to have a higher substance is tissue paper thin, let alone just deciding God falls into that category. Thoroughly unsatisfying.

@thomabow8949

4 ай бұрын

The label of such a thing as "God" also reveals what I would consider to be a theistic (or deistic) bias when he entered this framework. It is convenient, given the outcome of like thinkers during his time period, that one of his first deductions of reality is a very familiar God right after he affirms himself to exist. @@beatrixwickson8477

I really satisfy with the lecture, sir. It makes me more engaged in philosophy because the text itself is harder to follow for non-English speakers.

The way you write backwards so quickly is amazing

I have just started with philosophy but many of the concepts are there in our culture (INDIA)so it's easy to relate to, The black background is good thankyou.

oh my god! to your explanation! we can never thank you enough.

I love this. Although it's kind of hillarious how little faith you have in us actually understanding during that quiz. 24:31- the face of a teacher desperately trying to explain string theory to a bored teenager with a gun XD Edit: also, on the 1,5 speed you get increasingly crazed towards the end of the video. All you need is a bunch of connected photos and newspaper clippings on that board. This is fun :D

@Cuthbo

Жыл бұрын

Pretty sure his lack of faith was directed at me personally since I still do not understand! Ah well

@olap.

Жыл бұрын

@@Cuthbo Hey. Sorry to be answering so late, I had to go and watch the video again before and I was just too lazy:) It's all a string of assumptions: 1) Descartes assumes that different things in the world have different levels or reality. 2) THEN he assumes that HE has lower reality than GOD - because he is finate, and God is not. Yet he can still hold the idea of God (something that is more real than him) in his finate mind. 3) He assumes that it's impossible for his finate, less real mind to CREATE an idea of an infinite, more real thing like God - THREFORE the idea was created by something else. But what is it? 4) He assumes that an idea of an infinite thing can only be created by something that is also infine (that's why HE couldn't create it - he is not infinte) and also is "more real." *So. You need an infinite being for the idea of God to exist. The idea of God DOES exist, we know that. Therefore an infinite being also has to exist. There is only one infinite being that could possibly exist (Descartes thinks) and that's God.* *THREFORE God has to exist.* That's the annoying thing about philosophy - you create your own rules, then claim to have discovered secrets of the universe based on YOUR OWN RULES. It's an imagination game for adults. I'm not saying God doesn't exist, mind you - I'm just saying this proof (and most philosophy) doesn't work. Change any of those assumtions and it all falls apart like a house of cards it is.

@bleekcer

Жыл бұрын

​@@olap. Our whole life, everything about is based on assumptions or made up definitions, not just philosophy. You cannot tell me a single thing to be real or true, that doesn't need an unprovable assumption or artificially made up definition. Philosophy isn't "better" or "worse" than anything else in this regard, it's just it is trying to create systems from the very ground up, and doesn't already assume a familiar, accepted system of thinking it has to work within. Natural sciences for example are already working in the framework of an established, familiar, currently widely accepted system of method and thinking, but even its usefulness wholy depend on what we define as "useful". And its "truthness" cannot be proven at all, even Descartes can easily shake down the foundations of the ability of natural sciences proving anything to be "true" or "right" immediately in his very first meditation.

@olap.

Жыл бұрын

@@bleekcer All of that is true in a college graduation paper, sure. But biology doesn't need four random assumptions to know that people give birth after nine months of pregancy. And no amount of assuming will make it three weeks of pregnancy, or people being born from a rogue lightsaber under the watchful eye of Yoda nurses. A skilled philosopher could definitely prove that they are, though. (Not that it would save any mothers or newborns - unlike the non-truthful, non-useful things that medicine and biology discover). Philosophy is a game. It's an imaginative logic game, and I would hold it in much higher regard had it not been for the ridiculous arrogance of people that think they gained magical powers of "easily shaking down" the universe as we know it - while the rest of us watch in awe, of course - because they understood Descartes that one time.

@bleekcer

Жыл бұрын

@@olap. So that's what you think about philosophers or those who are interested in philosophy, a bunch of magic believers. I would rate that simply as prejudice. Where did you see that ridiculous arrogance you are talking about?

Brillant lecture, please consider providing notes with additional explanation and text.

Fires up the bong. Time for meditation 3. "Wow, check out my hand."

Thank you - ran into a wall with this and your breakdown was fantastic!

I love the way you explain things. The proof did not work for me, yes, but I liked how ppl are able to think in such directed (determined) manner about something, and more so, of what is so impressive is how you teach it so damn well. You are a very impressive teacher.

Well explained such a great teacher.keep it up good work.

I'm in love with your video,,wish you a long and happy life

You are a great Teacher

@profjeffreykaplan

3 жыл бұрын

Thank you for saying so!

Wow you are a great teacher. Thanks from India 🇮🇳

An admirable series of lectures. Makes me think I would have got a better pass if we'd had the internet when I was an undergraduate. Is there any chance you could publish a list of your seminars in chronological order, please?

This professor should get more viewers

This is brilliant! Please do Kant’s critique of pure reason

Wonderful sir. I love it . great

Great lectures many thanks. Small remark, "green" can be a mode but also a finite substance as an ideal type. I guess it is about how Descartes saw it.

To me it sounds like Decartes just makes up a concept that explains why God exists but explaining why that concept in itself (Maximum Reality) is a thing at all, is equally difficult to prove. I don't really understand why should I accept that there are 3 degrees as a given, instead of only 2.

@thomabow8949

4 ай бұрын

Or an infinite, or why there is a separation or validity to the idea of a formal reality, or a distinction between the two realities, or that abstraction justifies the consideration of the divine to begin with, or why he thinks and therefore is and not is, therefore he thinks, etc.

thank you, wonderful explenation, helpd me a lot

@profjeffreykaplan

3 жыл бұрын

Glad it helped! You're welcome.

He was a mathematician and these levels feel to me like they were dimensions rather than scales. Like, a square cant possibly know a cube exists, unless the cube somehow informs the square. Not that the proof holds up, but makes it more understandable where his head was at.

I need to get this out. At this point, my opinion of Descartes went from "hm, alright. That's a good basis. Very intelligent, curious to where this goes." to "oh come on ... this was so promising, and then he went running head first into circular logic? Disappointing." I'll watch the rest when I have more time and can look past that he's flipping everything upside down and starts with a supposition, and does pages of mental gymnastics to prove that supposition.

This is awesome! My lawn chair is green dude. 😂😂 it's color, and the chair itself are med formal reality and not objective because they are not ideas. I think I learned sumthin lol. Love your videos man!

Great video can’t wait for college to take my philosophy classes.

Thank you so much I have been reading this at an elementary level on my own!

lol... at 29:45 I forget what the word "Idea" meant for a split second. This is a great lecture

Thank you professor Kaplan. Very helpful, I have an exam tomorrow, it's 4am and I'm cramming lol

Thanks for an amazing job..

Information clearly explained.

Thank you. ( From Malaysia）

Dude came up with the whole "we're living in the matrix" long before that became technology feasible!! What a hero!

Why must Descartes God be the ONLY infinite substance? Why couldn’t a human have created the idea of god? Also, just because there is an idea of god why does that mean it must exist somewhere? I can create an idea of an all perfect all powerful unicorn but that doesn’t make it exist. In a phl101 class, really enjoyed your videos on Descartes!

@anarchylastkingdom5593

3 жыл бұрын

Because the formal idea of the Moon is above your objective ideea. You already thinking of the Moon or the universe for that matter because is already there... it was discovered

@Cghost-fh4hf

3 жыл бұрын

Well, it seems problematic for someone who is finite to come up with the idea of something infinite, or the concept of infinity itself. How something finite can create the idea of infinity? It seems like you have to either be in some sence infinite yourself, othervise this idea was put in your mind by something/someone else that is infinite.

@christophertaylor5003

2 жыл бұрын

@@Cghost-fh4hf But why does it seem problematic? It would be so, if our idea of infinity would have been infinite itself, but we have mechanisms to have ideas of infinite things without imagining infinity itself. E.g., in mathematics we have many concepts of infinity, for example, cardinality of the set of all natural numbers is not a finite number. And we have a way to describe set of all natural numbers within not more than 20 axioms (Wikipedia says there is 9 axioms?), each axiom is finite, and there are finite number of finite axioms, yet they define infinite set with infinite quantity of numbers. Also, the infinite set itself is such a thing that goes against premise "God is the only thing that has infinite formal reality" (at least that's from my perspective, although I don't see much counterarguments).

@Nick-Nasti

8 ай бұрын

Well said. Descartes makes so many mistakes and assumptions that he isn’t taken seriously. Every response to your comment so far is riddled with claims, flaws and assumptions as well.

I'm not even a college student but I felt compelled to rewatch this 😂

thanks a lot sir....

That was AWESOME!!!

Amei demais.

To me rather than proving the existence of God, it proves the existence of reality itself outside of the individual mind. Or the way I understood it, was basically "I myself am not capable of creating the objects of my ideas, so there must be something outside of myself that creates the object of the idea.

@AVeryHappyFish

Жыл бұрын

That's an interesting thought! I imagine this is what meditation #3 would be written like if Descartes was an atheist.

@Nick-Nasti

8 ай бұрын

@@AVeryHappyFishor just honest and objective.

@thomabow8949

4 ай бұрын

Which is why I do not believe Descartes to be truly authentic in this experiment that he tried. If I recall, he referenced God as if it did exist once or twice prior to this meditation, which reveals a rather significant bias and "culturing" of his mind, which is why I find it somewhat unsurprising his second focus after validating his own existence was validating that of his God with capital G.@@AVeryHappyFish

I've been through a great many of your videos, and find them eminently enjoyable. I have a VERY high tolerance for weird -- my undergrad was Physics, and this was positively commonplace compared to things like General Relativity or the Statistical Proof of Entropic expansion. This didn't feel at ALL weird; what it felt was ad hoc. Despite the different language, it seems methodologically almost an exact recapitulation of Ancient Greek Ontological arguments... all of which only work if you add in a Proposition Zero involving a TON of divine attributes that are nowhere defended. It's not Descartes' fault that his context made God so very axiomatic that defining him into existence felt inevitable. He was a great mathematician, and they frequently fall prey to thinking they can define brute facts into existence.

@Winasaurus

Жыл бұрын

Yeah these are always quite funny proofs. Proposition 0: I'm correct about whatever I say Statement: I say God exists Outcome: God exists Atheists BTFO'd. I mean this one is that but just in more words, he boils it down to "I know I think, and anything I can think of must exist or my thought of it wouldn't exist, and I'm thinking of God" which feels quite circular.

Nice work with a difficult text

i love you so much

Descartes was a convoluted sel-fulfilling argument. Being Catholic really made it difficult for him. Moon is no different than a cat. Both are ideas. His definitions of “infinite substances” or “perfect” are poorly structured

@thebutthurtreport7173

Жыл бұрын

I agree.. God having max formal reality and the "idea of God" having max objective reality.. either way, the idea of God was created by men who has "medium" formal reality.. 🤔😂

@Nick-Nasti

8 ай бұрын

I describe it as such: -we have a concept for everything -some of these concepts refer to real objects other do not “Objective” and “formal” are just worse ways of trying to explain it.

I understood this pretty well, but it seems like Descartes is just saying "I am a flooble thinking about a glarble, but glarbles are more priffy than floobles. Since a being can't imagine something more priffy than itself, glarbles must actually exist for a flooble like me to be thinking about it." I pretty much agree with what you said at the end. All his definitions are arbitrary, he just made up formal and objective reality based on no more than vibes (or took it from philosophers who did similarly).

I like how this professor knows everything there is to know about the subject of philosophy, but seemingly little else 😂 (how the moon rotates, how plastic works, how to spell words, etc…) It’s a very endearing schtick!

@ninadgadre3934

Жыл бұрын

…”or whateverr”

Hi Jeffrey! I found Aristotle's classifications of substance and mode very eye opening! I have a question though and I'm curious to hear your thoughts. Aristotle's claim that a substance needs nothing else to exist while the mode depends on the existence of the substance seems to be very important for building the foundations of essentialism. However, if we were to think about about the existence of objects in a more Structuralist manner, would it perhaps be more fair to say that substances need nothing else to exist except for other substances? Do we not need the existence of many objects at once in order to make the distinctions necessary to deem one object separate and distinct from another?

Good God, you explain well. Does it take a lot of your energy?

@profjeffreykaplan

3 жыл бұрын

Ha, thanks. Yes, It is exhausting!

what makes something more real/perfect than other things and how do you prove it?

You are genius! I lacks words to describe your personality. God bless you. I will offer one Mass for your private intention.

@ultimateduo_rz5086

Жыл бұрын

I like your presentation and explanation except for one thing. I don't think that most substances are about nothing. For example, the Great Wall of China. I believe that the wall was about security reasons to deter any foreign invasion or some sort.

@andrewforbes1433

7 ай бұрын

@@ultimateduo_rz5086 Not to defend Descartes' meditation, but you're conflating the wall itself with the construction of the wall and the motives of its builders. The wall is just a pile of stones and rice mortar.

just realized how good at writing backwards this guy is

Jeffrey, in your blurb that accompanies the video out left out a 'not': You said "Descartes does himself has enough formal reality to be the source of his own idea of God" but I think you must have meant to say "Descartes does NOT himself has enough formal reality to be the source of his own idea of God",

@profjeffreykaplan

2 жыл бұрын

Good catch! You are correct. I just fixed it. Thank you!

It is circular logic based on biased assumptions, The first being that God is the only maximum or that there is a maximum at all. The second assumption is that the mind, in its purest form, is only medium. This next statement will sound weird, but it is true. You know things that you don't actively know that you know. Your mind is constantly working on things in your subconscious that you are not actively aware of and you do not know how much it can really do, since it is subconscious. I have a personal example of this. It's a minor thing, but it shows the principle. I was young and I was reading a book. I came across the word twit for the first time and I thought to myself "What is a twit?" I immediately had a strong and clear thought "It's a condensed version of the word nitwit." I know for a fact I hadn't thought about it before. I hadn't had time to think it through before I knew the answer. The thought that came to me was so loud and clear I looked around to see if someone was in the room and maybe I had asked the question out loud, but I was alone. My subconscious had been working on it faster than I could even think the question. There is no way to say how limited a pure mind would actually be. If all that exists is one pure mind, and it came up with the idea of everything that "exists" through imagination, then it would have to be far more powerful than we/it thinks it is. The third assumption is that the min/med/max is a valid way to divide everything. If all that exists is the one pure mind, then everything falls into the minimum category by default, because it is all thought, and the only other category is that of the mind that is thinking it all.

16:40 I figured the answer was "medium" here, but it got me thinking. Wouldn't every physical object be considered a "mode" in this instance, while the actual substance is each individual atom? the mode of the marker is its "marker-ness", which is dependent on this specific arrangement of atoms, no?

@VladimirGluten47

7 ай бұрын

I agree

What is the difference between step 2 and step 3 that makes the move controversial? They just seem like the same idea with step 3 being a more descriptive but not novel version of step 2.

I can't thank you enough.

I have never written a philosophy essay and my dumb ass thought It would be ez to object to Descartes meditation 3 for my philosophy module in my joint honours (well now I have a chance😂, thx for explaining all the background stuff i had no knowledge of... I'm actually quite interested in the essay now)

I feel like I could get a solid C if I was tested on this. I think I'd have to watch it again on a bigger screen while I wasn't doing something else to get a really firm grasp on it. The concept makes total sense to me though. Kind of like in factories, and injection molding machine can't make another injection molding machine, it can just make the object it was designed to make. However some machines capable of making a die for an injection molding machine are able to make at least most of the components of another machine that could make injection mold dies.

I’m very taken with these videos. Great for the ageing enthusiast.

Thank you very much! Isn't his proof of god also a proof of objective reality as we understand it (formal reality in Descartes' terms)? Because until after the proof, he is not sure if his ideas actualy correspond to a formal reality other than himself (the imperfect substance which is his mind).

@Nick-Nasti

8 ай бұрын

It’s all nonsense. Few take Descartes seriously. His whole work is arbitrary (made up).

26:54 Does this not rely upon there being the presupposition that God actually "is" in order to use in this framework, like the moon? The idea of an idea for instance references something unknowable in Descartes framework. Can this framework be applied?

I can't thank you enough

I love the fact that we listened to a 45 minute lecture to understand Descartes logic on what exists, and in the end the logic is flawed. Isn’t philosophy great.

That god really owes me bigtime!