Protectionism involves protecting domestic industries from competition from abroad by making it more difficult for overseas businesses to export to your country.
Tariffs are taxes on imports. This makes it more expensive for foreign producers to export, reducing demand as consumers switch to cheaper domestic alternatives
Quotas are physical limits on imports. By limiting the quantity of imports coming in, gives domestic producers the chance to sell more
Legislation - setting of laws to restrict what can be sold e.g. consumer protection. As laws vary between countries - foreign producers find it more difficult to adjust when exporting to different countries
Subsidies are payments to domestic producers. Reduces domestic producers costs of production and makes them more competitive in comparison to competition from overseas
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