1945-1975: thirty glorious years, where fascism is no more than a past nightmare. Spain: If I don't move, they won't remember I'm here.

@baronDioxid

4 жыл бұрын

I mean, even fewer people remember Salazar...

@RestingJudge

4 жыл бұрын

Italy's years of lead....

@daniellanchares6329

4 жыл бұрын

@@baronDioxid The fact that most people won't even know what you are talking about is very very sad... And in Portugal fascism arrived even sooner that in Spain...

@iMoD190

4 жыл бұрын

more like 'as long as I oppose communism, they''ll tolerate me'.

@pilargpi378

4 жыл бұрын

Actually, many things changed in Spain after WW2 because of the pressure of other countries. Although it was still a right-wing dictature until the death of Franco, there are things that changed during the 30 year period after the war. First of all, the redaction of the "Fundamental Laws" a sort of pseudo-constitution (of course it was still very far from being an actual constitution since Franco was the one who redacted it) which eventually lead to the creation of some political institutions (they were not democratical though, but at least Franco wouldn't be the only one to have a say in political decisions). It was also during the dictature that social security was stabilised in Spain. In the 50s, during the cold war, the USA built some militar bases in Spain, which caused an economical and turistical rise. This introduced influence from the other European countries, and Spanish citizens' mentality became more liberal with time, specially in the last decade of the dictature. In the late 60s/early 70s some women (still very few at the moment) started to work in fields such as physics(my grandmother is an exmple of them, although part of her success is due to her traveling through europe, she made her studies in spain)

That quote about the right to exist really hit me hard.

@CCRLH85

4 жыл бұрын

Yeah, I really like how this series has decided to directly juxtapose the benevolent state of the democracies of Europe and "actual" Communism. Many of my countrymen just don't understand the difference between them.

@SurferMan127

4 жыл бұрын

I’m American... I cried when that came up. I’ve never felt that way in my adult life.

@RicardoLuna

4 жыл бұрын

The right to exist doesn't come from a state. And it's not given by material stuff.

@SurferMan127

4 жыл бұрын

Ricardo Luna What exactly is your point?

@RicardoLuna

4 жыл бұрын

@@SurferMan127 I don't know how some glasses and oj make you feel worthy, or how lacking those things make you feel like you don't have the right to live.

"that I had a right to exist, was worth something" That hit... Hard

Regarding the ‘European Coal and Steel Community’: There was also fear that if countries took all of their resource supply in their own hands they would be independent enough again to start wars. By cooperating and signing contracts around resources it was hoped that the likelyhood of further wars between those countries would diminish. This was one of the major motivations behind the Coal and Steel Community.

@troydavis1

4 жыл бұрын

correct.

@apoth90

4 жыл бұрын

Also it did have a cool name : Montanunion

@lakrids-pibe

4 жыл бұрын

It was the opposite of the treaty of Versailles where France did their best to cripple Germany. They learned from their mistakes.

@troydavis1

4 жыл бұрын

@Star Star there is no evidence at all for that, thats more a paranoid fantasy. Of course that desire existed but the ECSC has nothing to do with it except the general desire to be independent and sovereign, which is no big deal and not a secret. And what you say is also wrong because 1. the USSR did the same on their side but even more forcefully! and 2. the USA even financed the European integration efforts. What IS right is not what you say which is just general superficial stuff, BUT that the USA financed, promoted and helped the European coordination and integration as a bulwark against communism and the USSR. Now that is known and makes sense.

@Alex-ni2ir

4 жыл бұрын

This is why tariffs between China and the US scares me, the more we unreavell our intertwined economies, the higher chance of war.

Refrigerators in Austria, now that is an interesting statistic.

@jesseberg3271

4 жыл бұрын

Given that most Austrian statistics I am familiar with relate to either chocolate cakes or Nazis, it is certainly a different way of looking at the country.

@MrWhangdoodles

4 жыл бұрын

@@jesseberg3271 Wow, we really need to step up our marketing game, if those are the statistics that stick in your head. Our famous chocolate cake is probably the worst piece of patisserie out there. It's still great, but our baking is on another level. Though tbh the statistics I'm most familiar with in the US are the number of incarcerated people, assholes, gun deaths, and weapons of mass destruction.

@Gyrant

4 жыл бұрын

Reminds me of Hans Rosling's poetic speech about the importance of the washing machine.

@xractertone8095

4 жыл бұрын

Joonha Shcal as a US Citizen, the fact that this is what people outside the US think of when they think of statistics regarding the United States is equal parts justified (as it is representative of the US) and depressing. In other words, between these comments of delicious baked goods and what my friend has told me while he studies abroad in Austria, it sounds like a wonderful place.

@Kleberei

4 жыл бұрын

My grandparents got their first flat in 1960. Until 1955, Austria was occupied by allied forces. After the war there weren't any building materials available and people needed homes, since many of them were destroyed by bombings. When my grandparents and my father moved into their brand new home, there was no refrigerator (they only had an air cooled pantry), no central heating (they had a coke oven in the living room) and no washing machine. Yet they were rather happy there, since they hab to live in a tiny 1 room flat that didn't have a shower or a toilet to this point. So ... yeah ... having a refrigerator was a big deal back then.

Absolutely masterful how John brought back everyone to reality at the end. It’s easy to focus on a narrative that europe can do no wrong. Growing up in latin america there’s always a message that we’re somehow less than Europe/USA, which can keep us from forging our own path. Thank you John!

Crash Course Asian History... Crash Course African History... I know that the current history crash courses correspond with some kind of AP History course, but it would be nice for a separate series...

@ianmoore3470

4 жыл бұрын

BRING BACK HUMAN GEO

@JohnnyLodge2

4 жыл бұрын

Not enough written history for Africa and Asia is too big. There are multiple Asian countries with more people than Europe

Nye Bevan - a great man; founder of the NHS in Britain. I was looking forward to this episode and the events it discussed are very interesting; partly because they are very relevant to today.

@MsMarco6

4 жыл бұрын

He truly was a great man. But just imagine what the papers would say about him today. They'd probably claim that the NHS was a socialist conspiracy to bankrupt Britain and also anti semitic or something. Things are really going downhill in this country and the older generation continue to cheer as we head further down😞

@jaydee4697

4 жыл бұрын

The NHS is arguably one of the greatest things that Britain ever created, and it's utterly heartbreaking to see it under so much pressure due to privatisation from successive governments.

@matviytkaczyk941

4 жыл бұрын

Bevan was great but his ideological purity test fight with Gaitskell, forced the ultimate collapse of the Labour government

@mlc4495

4 жыл бұрын

He was voted one of the Greatest Britons of all time. The British are right to feel proud of their NHS and rank it right up there in importance with the monarchy.

@jaydee4697

4 жыл бұрын

​@@mlc4495 I'd say it's even higher than the monarchy. I'm not a republican by any means, but more people love the NHS than love the Royal family.

6:05 no it sounds just as bad in Flemish.

@melonlord1414

4 жыл бұрын

It sounds a little bit awkward in german as well. But I guess if you have to translate everything into a ton of languages, descriptive titles are the easiest way to go. It's an outlier that we found a name for our common currency, that works in almost all languages.

@whiskeyfarbrorn

4 жыл бұрын

The Swedish name has a nice ring to it, since our words for "coal" and "steel" rhyme with each other. So it's pronounced "kål-å-stål".

I still think that the Berlin Airlift was the best response from what was, to all intents and purposes, a chad move.

@yourstruly4817

4 жыл бұрын

No, nuking the Commies what have been the only appropriate response ;-)

@tewekdenahom485

4 жыл бұрын

Very Chad move to do multiple airlifts in response too Cold war is just a Chad showdown

@Tuskin38

4 жыл бұрын

Yours Truly uhhh no

@gregorymalchuk272

4 жыл бұрын

They should have flown in a modular nuclear reactor rather than thousands of tons of coal and oil.

@akshaygowrishankar7440

4 жыл бұрын

@@gregorymalchuk272 I might be mistaken, but reactors of the day were vastly inefficient. Also, the fact that it was Easy Germany - meaning there's a whole city with secret police and military officials - meant that the Soviets could've gotten hold of the reactor and/or blueprints.

8:16 Apparently De Gaulle turned into Shrek since I was gone

You know it is a real matter when there's a German word for it 🤣🤣🤣

@ddobefaest9334

4 жыл бұрын

Only about 9 countries that we have today stayed free from European colonialism. But after the cold war, everybody was coca-colanised.

@Felixkeeg

4 жыл бұрын

The beauty of the German language is that we have a word for nearly everything (Wanderlust, Schadenfreude, Kindergarten, Doppelgänger). And when we don't, you can just string together two ore three or six words to make a new one.

@satakrionkryptomortis

4 жыл бұрын

@@Felixkeeg lets not talk about how we name our laws..

@lakrids-pibe

4 жыл бұрын

@@ddobefaest9334 Yeah but the american post WW" empire is an informal one. I don't know if that makes it better, but it's definitely different.

@berlineczka

4 жыл бұрын

@@Felixkeeg Yet, we have no word for "any number between 11 and 19"...

6:55 Far too many people seem to forget this: the US _wanted_ the EU to happen. America put economic insentives behind the idea of European integration.

@RaidsEpicly

4 жыл бұрын

I feel like it makes sense from a purely selfish perspective: the first time the US has to intervene (at great difficulty politically, due to the peoples lack of interest in war) in a land war as a rising germany fights France and the UK, you can write it off as one time thing. The SECOND time, probably might want to look into an alternative (franco-german economic integration) instead of signing the treaty, calling it a day, and not joining the council of nations that you "invented, and then did not join"

@safruddinaly5822

4 жыл бұрын

True they need market for their products, what they miss for calculation is the rise of china right now. I always wondering if the designer of Marshall plan come back alive what their reaction seeing market they created being taken by china

@BrandonjSlippingAway

4 жыл бұрын

The U.S wanted to avoid another war on that scale, and poured money into the Marshall Plan to secure American business interests in Europe. It really is that simple.

@bullrun2772

4 жыл бұрын

safrudin ali yay

@RaidsEpicly

4 жыл бұрын

@@safruddinaly5822 What about the US as a customer for European products? If supply chains start splitting between competing US and China blocs, the high quality manufacturing of Europe might seem more appealing to Americans than it used to.

I find it kinda funny how European history is defined mainly by the West/East split in the modern age. Meanwhile Nordics are just sitting there up north, content to be ignored.

@sarahkendle7564

4 жыл бұрын

The Nordics could maybe revive the Viking age that would grab both Western and Eastern Europe's attention!

@markknowles1998

4 жыл бұрын

• Celsius • interesting - tell more, please. Where does the UK fit in the cultural split you suggest? Or Ireland?

@DJosiahHicks

4 жыл бұрын

@@markknowles1998 the UK is weird because we were invaded so much by everyone else i ye olden days.. i think England specifically is generally considered germanic due to its saxon routes (saxons being Germanic settlers essentially) the further north you go it becomes semi-nordic though and of course Gallic which is just another thing... as John would say: the truth resists simplicity

@Oxtocoatl13

4 жыл бұрын

I mean, Norway and Denmark are founding members of NATO and Finland spent all of Cold war in a Soviet chokehold, trying to gasp enough air to say "we're neutral." There is even a fancy German word for places that say they are neutral while practically being under a Soviet thumb, finlandisierung.

@ninamimi6622

4 жыл бұрын

The East / West divide I would think mattered a lot to Finland since they border Russia and declared independence from them at start of 20th century.

"cocacolasierung" he reads as he sits in front of a computer in southern australia drinking his coke zero... uh, oops... seriously! had a mouthful when it popped up on screen! it nearly wound up on my keyboard!!

NHS, public health, social security, etc. Confused american noises

@chillaxo9863

4 жыл бұрын

@@IkeOkerekeNews not even close

@andydavis3075

4 жыл бұрын

We have social security

@mlc4495

4 жыл бұрын

It's crazy how much America has regressed in the last few decades. Who in their right mind would want to live in the US given its stunning lack of equality for citizens and profoundly unfair society.

@mlc4495

4 жыл бұрын

@@andydavis3075 Oh, OK. So you also have paid sick leave, public holidays, universal healthcare, guaranteed maternity and paternity leave, and a generous welfare system?

@chillaxo9863

4 жыл бұрын

@@mlc4495 America is very libertarian which is better than what France has devolved into

10:18 goulash communism was Hungary's flavor of communism was called it included some(limited) free market reforms and was invented by janos kadar after the 1956 revolution

@emmaletham6514

4 жыл бұрын

Czechoslovakia had it's own version called "dumpling communism", too

Just wanted to say this is one of my favorite Crash Course serieses, you really work hard on these

i have been coming to this channel for YEARS!!!!!!!! I love the way he teaches!

💥 love crash course and this guy looks exactly the same he does not age or his brother

@campkira

4 жыл бұрын

he is better than his bro....to listen to.....

Mr Green, Thought Bubble, and the whole crew - I hope ya'll are staying safe at home and that your families are able to ride out this pandemic. Much love from NJ

Being European it is really nice to hear this place described from outside! Thank you! ❤️

I think that European history shows how important it is to learn from historical mistakes and adjust democratic systems accordingly. When you read the first article of the German constitution stating that a person's dignity is untouchable, you can feel the historical moment it was born from. The beliefs you lay at the core of your system propagate forward and inform the wider understanding of what the role of a state should be. Whenever I see discussions about why the U.S. and Europe are different I think of that - the U.S. are at their core a very old system. Amendet, yes, but never fundamentally changed.

@mortuos557

4 жыл бұрын

Agreed

As a former teacher Crash Course has been a useful tool for me in teaching my history, sociology, family planning and humanities classes. Keep up the good work Green and friends!

first time i heared cocacolisierung About the founding of the EEC: It is interesting to see it presented a a fully economic feature, but in truth it was mostly meant to prevent wars. if all countries are tightly interconected and dependant on each other for products, it makes access to those products easier which makes forging a casus belli harder but also gives larger drawbacks if a war breaks out as all supply chains would collaps. the Coal and Steel part of the EEC was also meant to manage the iron production which is essential in any war effort. Thus it is primarily meant for peace and promoting capitalism which did quite a good job. We are the lucky generationn in germany not having witnessed the dreads of war first hand for 70 years by now.

"in communist countries, people generally lost ownership of their land had to join collective farms, whereas in Western Europe governments helped larger farmers buy smaller ones but farms remained private property" - I find this very odd ... like for the vast majority of farmers in both systems, they would have lost ownership. The question of how they were compensated and whether it was voluntary is important but that is not how this is phrased.

@mlc4495

4 жыл бұрын

In many post-war countries, communist and capitalist alike, there were massive land redistribution programmes enacted that reallocated land from a tiny minority of elites towards the farmers who worked the land. This wasn't voluntary in most cases, and TBH it HAD to be compulsory to ensure fairness in society. My own country Ireland enacted massive land reform that saw the old ruling Anglo aristocracy lose their vast lands holdings to the people who rented the land. This was a good thing and study after study conducted by organisations like the OECD and World Bank agree that land redistribution was a good thing both from moral and economic points of view. The post war green revolution that saw massive food yields occurred partly because of land redistribution and proved the Malthusts wrong, yet again. The only difference between the West and East of course was the whether landowners got compensation for giving up their land. Western owners got fairly compensated for losing their land. Landowners in the East got a bullet to the head. I suspect the former landowners in Western European countries (and South Korea, Taiwan and other former Japanese territories) were more than satisfied to be allowed to walk away with fair compensation and their lives given their ancestors never afforded the same opportunity to the people they dispossessed.

@viliussmproductions

4 жыл бұрын

Collectivisation in the 40s, just like earlier also resulted in food shortages, just like it had earlier. Also, in the newly occupied territories of the USSR at least, it often involved putting larger more industrious farmers on cattle trains and shipping them off to Siberia. So yeah, I agree, a lot of important details are almost glossed over in these videos. I understand that much has to fit in such a format, but it could be solved with better wording.

@eustatic3832

4 жыл бұрын

Land reform is a great idea. In America, we still have the plantations, they are terrible

@viliussmproductions

4 жыл бұрын

@@eustatic3832 yeah, land reform can be great, that's why, as stated in the video, everyone in Europe did it. It's just preferable if you don't straight up seize the land and use it as an opportunity for a little bit of good old ethnic cleansing.

Robert Schuman was not PM of France when he made his famous founding speech on 9 May 1950, but Foreign Minister, and it was Jean Monnet who wrote the speech :-)

Yes! We're through World War II! Bada bing, bada boo- *Nukes exist* Oh no

@fr9062

4 жыл бұрын

I like your sense of humor.

@sominboy2757

4 жыл бұрын

But 30 glorious years YAY

@Munchkin_1408

4 жыл бұрын

Bada big, bada BOOM!

@RaidsEpicly

4 жыл бұрын

Of course the good thing is that those nuclear weapons also prevented world war 3, which would have inevitably involved a soviet invasion which would have been horrific on a grand scale. Like imagine a Korean War where there are no nukes to encourage both sides to pretend there's no need for either to get officially involved as a war. This time, the army that inflicted 75-80% of the casualties on the German Army is the enemy, and they have veteran troops and aren't being sneak attacked.

@thejeffinvade

4 жыл бұрын

MAD is why we haven't had WW3 yet

Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre's philosophical musings changed policy! They changed Europe and it's mind boggling to me that not enough people know what they did and said, and yet there are young people who have grew up in this enlightened society who harken back to the days before it was normal and expected that a young woman strives for an education and a high paying job among her peers among academics, and now outnumber the men in even some scientific fields. It boggles the mind, that people are nostalgic for a past that they never experienced and in their rose tinted glasses actually never existed. I hear young men working minimum wage calling for a dictator, because they haven't learned that simple questions often need very, very complicated answers.

@GhassenSic6Six

4 жыл бұрын

This is only getting worse, we as humans may have increased dramatically our collective knowledge, but average people who in most countries vote, and also are shaped by the people they vote for, never dip their fingers in the vast ocean of wisdom and knowledge available to them: this is scary to me, as we may really end up in a total " idocracy" very very soon.

I can't wait til they get to the 80's and talk about Roxette and The Scorpions

@toyotaprius79

4 жыл бұрын

And Thatcher and the IRA.

@jamesscannell7951

4 жыл бұрын

culwin and David hasslehoff. He was instrumental in the fall of the Berlin Wall. He's just looking for some freedom.

Please cover the Shock Doctrine in Eastern Europe when you get to the 1990s.

I don’t know why but you seem happier in this episode, John. I hope all is ok. European history is inherently depressing but I always enjoyed your levity while learning, even when learning sad truths.

Fact: If you own a product made in the Eastern bloc anytime since the 1970s, it most likely still works. All of my mom's kitchen appliances, some of them close to 50 years old, work like a charm without a single hitch. Eastern bloc products were Nokia before Nokia was Nokia.

@Adaginy

4 жыл бұрын

I have a dresser like this, and I used to have a fishtank like this -- fishtank survived several moves over decades before I dropped a rock in it, cracking it. And even then, it didn't shatter, it survived as I filled it up (unaware of the crack), and just leaked slowly for weeks until someone knocked on my door to ask if I knew what was leaking into the basement. The explanation I heard was that they didn't have the money to make things cheaply. Like, with fancier equipment they could have made my fishtank with thinner glass, or used flimsy drawer runners in my dresser instead of setting each drawer on a dust panel, but they didn't have the fancy equipment and everything had to be made with big thick sturdy pieces.

@jogennotsuki

4 жыл бұрын

@@Adaginy That's an interesting theory, although I find it somewhat hard to believe. Some of the Eastern bloc countries - especially in the early period after WW2 - were the most industrialized nations in the world that supplied a large portion of the globe with advanced technology. I personally think common products lasted longer in the East simply because the idea that commodities need to be "consumed" was not a central goal of economic policy.

@orophist9798

4 жыл бұрын

@Doctor Spaceman I guess that they don't break because the communist economic system is controlled by the state and the state produces only if the citizens need something, whereas in a capitalist country the industries are private, which means that, in order to keep earning money they have to make low quality products so that they'll eventually break forcing the old customers to buy the product once again.

The Nuremberg Trials are a fascinating bit of history and interesting international legal precedent. I would love to see a Crash Course or Extra Credits series delving into it.

Mention Brexit, and both side slowly slide into madness

@baronDioxid

4 жыл бұрын

Brexited? So I guess they'll be staying in the chat for a few years?

@williambyrne5513

4 жыл бұрын

@@baronDioxid nice

@dldavis1212

4 жыл бұрын

CommandoDude I’m pretty sure Britain left because they kept having to bail out failed EU states like Greece. And the EU allowed open borders which brought in Islamic extremists.

@dldavis1212

4 жыл бұрын

CommandoDude I don’t know what that is?

@dldavis1212

4 жыл бұрын

CommandoDude oh ok, I’m not right wing more moderate. But the EU has bailed out Greece, Spain, Portugal, Ireland, and Cyprus.

This might be my favourite crash course video. Certainly one of the most dense, compacted and complex.

Thank you John and the CC team for keeping up with new shows during these very strange times. Great work!

In the USSR the popular drink was Pepsi. PepsiCo had been keen to get a slice of the huge soviet market, but off course it was illegal to sell it there. So what they did was *trade* Pepsi for scrap metal - most notably outdated Russian warships. For a while Pepsi had one of the world's largest navies....

My people are now buying your blue jeans and listening to your pop music

@mrbrainbob5320

4 жыл бұрын

But that's most of the world

@ibchristensen189

4 жыл бұрын

@@mrbrainbob5320 we have no choice...

@melonlord1414

4 жыл бұрын

The USA basically won that game of Civ V that we are all playing.

@lakrids-pibe

4 жыл бұрын

But the game didn't finish, and now they're falling behind fast. I don't feel any schadenfreude when I say this. Just to be clear. When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, there were some who said it was the "end of history", meaning there was only one "grand narrative" in the world, the liberal democracy and a capitalist economy and USA as the clear leader. And now....

@ibchristensen189

4 жыл бұрын

@@lakrids-pibe and in -91 Jeffrey Sachs went to Russia and "helped" with the economy...

The NHS is the most beloved British national institution, perhaps more so than the Queen or our national flag(s). I believe that there are plenty who would fight in a war for the National Health Service, if it ever came to that.

@sagichnicht6748

4 жыл бұрын

That is not a bad thing (better than that however would be getting funding NHS sufficiently) but fascinating nonetheless as the NHS is certainly not one of the better health care systems in Europe. But then, compared to the US, which serves as reference for many Britons things might look different.

Democracy demands that all citizens have enough to live on and enough to raise healthy children and enough education to vote wisely. People need to understand this!

@fionafiona1146

4 жыл бұрын

Aristotle postulates the failure to enable that leads to dictatorship by "the stupid"... no guarantee for the opposite.

European Union is a boring name? Is United States any better?

@kx7500

4 жыл бұрын

NordicNostalgia true

@alexandrub8786

4 жыл бұрын

Do not question propaganda ,only hail the flag,student!

@ShidaiTaino

4 жыл бұрын

NordicNostalgia it is

@thedarkmasterthedarkmaster

4 жыл бұрын

It's better than *Captain marvel*

@zz-xk7lc

4 жыл бұрын

And that song ain’t so very far from wong

Europe: Welfare supports true democratic and free thought. America: we're just gonna pretend we saw nothing 🙄

@shawnjavery

4 жыл бұрын

@Sam it doesn't if it's made properly. Which it isn't.

@giuseppetiso531

4 жыл бұрын

@Sam *COUGHS* do you have any evidence for that, or is it just ideology?

@johnnyjoestar356

4 жыл бұрын

@Sam ay, chill out there, Adolf. The previous comment stated that it is the safety net of a welfare state that makes for a more democratic society, not the groups that benefit from it

@jesseberg3271

4 жыл бұрын

@Sam Sam welfare was discontinued under Bill Clinton. We barely even provide nutritional assistance in this country any more, and the modest gains in healthcare under the previous administration are currently at risk. Where are all these lazy American oafs you think you're seeing, not working while getting long term handouts, and have you considered have your eyes checked? If you move quickly, you might be able to get vision insurance before the ACA is overturned.

@genghiskhan5701

4 жыл бұрын

Maybe because welfare creates a dependent poor underclass?

Great discussion. Thank you

Great video as always! The variety on this channel inspires me so much when I make my own videos on my own channel! Thank you for the great content!

It’s interesting how the same things happened in the east and west. In the east collective farms where similar to the massive corporate farms in terms of pushing out small farmers and changing the economy. The growth of new industrial cities. On and on. Shows how much of change is driven by technology not just the economy.

7 years later and he still has the same intro song😭 so many memories!! A true legend !

We love you guys! Thank you for all of this.

12:14 When hearing about the soviet bloc, I never thought of kitchens before.

@kamilkrupinski1793

4 жыл бұрын

Shockingly, for most people differences in living standards were more important than abstract freedom in these dark times. You must remember that central and eastern Europe were incredibly impoverished. For example, 40 percent of Polish wealth was destroyed in WW2 (40 percent of everything: machines, houses, cars, livestock, trains and railroads etc). People literally starved and died of exposure in harsh winters.

@pika87

4 жыл бұрын

@@kamilkrupinski1793 Yep, and adding to the devestating war while in Western Europe there was the Marshall Plan to rebuild everything, in Central and Eastern Europe the CCCP dismantled whole factories and moved them to Russia. This did not help rebuilding the destroyed cities.

One of my favorite parts to learn about

I'm 39, I have a university degree in engineering and I still enjoy watching these. I think the 80's was a good time to be a child in Finland. I can barely remember the events play out that lead to dissolution of Soviet Union and DDR. Did a three week rail trip in Europe when I was 16 with my friend (still cannot believe we were allowed to go). Took part a basketball tournament in northern Sweden as a teenager. Haven't paid anything for my university studies. Did my 9 month military service 19 years ago (boy time really flies). Don't own a gun and never have. Pay higher taxes and probably could get a higher salary in anywhere else in Western Europe let alone in United States. Had my on little Cocacolasierung moment while watching this video. Have visited Tallinn and Stockholm on multiple occasion by ferry. Did a road trip to Estonia and Latvia in my twenties. Have always watched UEFA football Champions league and championships. Have visited Berlin twice. During the first trip had a drink in a bar called Bar 52 which was located on a river bank which technically used to be in West Berlin but was cut off by wall. That is my European experience in a nutshell.

@Biljoona

4 жыл бұрын

Oh yeah... Have visited Greek and Canary Islands and UK multiple times. :)

Super excited for the next one!

i didnt know how much i needed this little break. thanks.

This series couldn't be coming at a better time

Fascinating stuff

I love CrashCourse History. I love it.

1:04 nice to see my place of residence mentioned (Kraków - Nowa Huta). The last part of the mentioned steelworks closed down not very long ago, though the town also holds a huge tobacco producing site.

Glad to see this series is still going despite COVID-19!

Thanks, that was an awesome video ;)

I look forward to next episode.

This channel has 10 million subs and I still think it's underrated, this is one of the best channels on youtube

Awesome !

1:48 Romania ftw!

THANKS JOHN

Anyone else feel like the part on economic democracy is a few shots fired at America?

@mortuos557

4 жыл бұрын

A few shots from a chain gun...

@ibchristensen189

4 жыл бұрын

They need it!

@melonlord1414

4 жыл бұрын

It's just different values. In Europe, you have the right to a decent life. In America you have the right to say that holocaust didn't exist. In Europe, freedom means that you can make your own decitions and that you have the basic funds to pay for them, while in the US you have the right to life with as little restriction by the government as possible.

@ibchristensen189

4 жыл бұрын

@@melonlord1414 and you can destroy the Earth, and nobody care...

@IkeOkerekeNews

4 жыл бұрын

I mean, not really, especially since the welfare state and the social safety net grew during the same time period in the U.S.

That quote on the benevolent state, on the subtle ways that woman was made to feel that she was valued... that really hit me. It left me feeling sad. I feel it's precisely what the government in Kenya fails at. They leave a thousand not-so-covert clues that citizens only matter if they are wealthy. It makes me wonder seeing the larger story-arches of countries here on Crash Course, what the future looks like for Kenya... it makes me wonder how our society can develop, and my possible roles in it.

Thank you for your efforts to bring down the iron curtain. Seems kind of low of Brittain to join the EU when they were desperate, and then leave when they weren't... Very interesting Seems like a combination of open free trade with strong individual countries would be best, but that's probably a lot more challenging than it sounds...

Aneurin Bevan was the true architect of Labour success 1945-51 😤

At the time, some people in Europe had enjoyed the economic recovery and its results and then there are some who didn't enjoy the results but live with it and found their own way in life.

Side note...as much as you mention Coca-Cola you can't talk about the "Kitchen Debate" without mentioning Pepsi. Not to mention because of the Soviet Union, Pepsi was the 6th largest military in the world on one odd day in 1989.

@gregorymalchuk272

4 жыл бұрын

Nikita Kruschev loved Pepsi and so became adopted in the Soviet Union.

@BigKris666

4 жыл бұрын

I believe it was only the 6th largest fleet. Still crazy though

@covenawhite4855

4 жыл бұрын

The British East India Company had its own military

@mlc4495

4 жыл бұрын

Crazy story for sure. Must look it up again.

Wow, thank you

Thank you.

This series is so good!!! I'm British... Ashamedly... This series is mostly new info to me 😅😅 uhh...

This is one of the best crash course episodes I've seen (and that says a lot). Thanks so much to everyone who made this! Also, I'd love to know who to attribute that quote to at 4:12 if anyone knows :3

@jesseberg3271

4 жыл бұрын

Ok, but it can't be *the* best crash course episode, because he didn't say, "Unless you're the Mongols."

Educational!

Coca-Cola-zero-ing, that pun is so bad... I'm loving it

Great video. I think it's worth noting Camus firmly rejected being categorized as an existentialist. Although personally, I think absurdist (Camus philosophy) can be considered existentialist. Still, grouping him up with Sartre is another issue, cause his rejection of existentialism seem to be specifically a rejection of Sartre's existentialism.

So any idea for difference between cooperative and collective farming, which became one of the clashing points between Yugoslavia (preferring the former) and Soviet Union (suggesting the latter)?

@Jeankhatre

4 жыл бұрын

i guess cooperative still leave the right to property while collective farming collectivize the farms etc (correct me if my guess is wrong)

@jonathanjeffrymulyana4390

4 жыл бұрын

Cooperative = owned equally by each member Collective = owned by the states I think thats the difference, tell me if im wrong

@fh2135

4 жыл бұрын

The clash probably came from how cooperatives often still charge market value for their goods. The USSR wanted to make food as cheap as possible and it was easier doing that with collective farms.

@powerist209

4 жыл бұрын

@@jonathanjeffrymulyana4390 Well, just that many European farmers do practice communal farming and much of grievances during post-feudalism being peasants losing their rights of self-autonomy and common lands. Much of the idea for collective farms and cooperative being formed as a result of landlessness along with restoring the ideals of peasant commune just without a feudal lord.

@KBAHTATOP

4 жыл бұрын

1) collective farming - colhoz -small private peasant lands united in a common collective farm; interest-free state loans and agricultural machinery were provided for this farm, with the obligation to surrender part of the crop to the state at a fixed price. It is a collective form of property of peasants. 2) state farm - sovhoz - just an agro-industrial state-owned enterprise, where workers received wages for work and did not have the right to part of the harvest. They forcefully drove them into these forms of production after the famine 33. When traditional farms with the traditional introduction of the economy were struck by severe hunger, the last famine came from crop failure in Russian history.

Missed an opportunity to call the EU "More Light than Heat"

@alexfido2935

4 жыл бұрын

Wow, that is a hell of a reference

@sagichnicht6748

4 жыл бұрын

Maybe because that statement is wrong. The Single Market has been nothing short of being transformative for the European economy. This is quite visible in Austria, a country joining only pretty late, only a few years before the "new member states" from the former East Block. Not only did the sortiment in the supermarkets diversify dramatically but also economic ties did. For the Austrian capital Vienna, being in the EU, and having the other Central European countries joining it as well, had been also dramatically transformative. The city changed from a geriatric open air museum of old and increasingly decayed empirial glory to a relatively young and vibrant modern European city.

@alexfido2935

4 жыл бұрын

@@sagichnicht6748 it's a reference to how John has always wanted to name a book more Light Than Heat...

I'm so proud that John learned how to pronounce hectare.

Thanks for another briliant episode. I live in the UK, and money was tight when I first married. So, I can proudly say I owned a Lada Estate, and a Skoda Estelle (pre VW takeover) They were both "different" but they did the job" 🙂 Never, thanks heavens did I ever own a Trabant! Thanks, so much, again. 😀

9:30 "Wir wollen unsern alten Kaiser Wilhelm wieder haben" is about Wilhelm I not about WIlhelm II though.

@mortuos557

4 жыл бұрын

One not is not in the right place

@DaDunge

4 жыл бұрын

@@mortuos557 Quite so.

Awesome

To be followed by “The Wonder Years”: The IRA, Czech Revolution, Badder Meinoff, Red Brigade, stagflation, strikes, Winter of Discontent and ETA.

I was really hoping I'd hear John pronounce it "hect-acre" :)

@hannesproductions4302

4 жыл бұрын

He should have said "per 2.47 acers"

i love this video

Crazy that it's been so long since World History

Good episode I thought. I do wish they mentioned Objectivism as well as Existentialism in regards to philosophies

Can anyone give me a source for the picture at 6:30?! It's one of the most beautiful photographs I think I've ever seen!

All economies might need to do a bit of this...

This is better x1.25 thats more like the old history videos

Everything in the world in sixteen minutes? But still, excellent.

Question: can those online courses do they have quizz.

@crashcourse: cheers for amazing videos and this series in particular! Would you mind giving a few sources that support your consideration of de Gaulle as a «nationalist» (starting around 8:10)? I'd like to look into them

Nice 😁

Why am I watching this. Klonopin time. 5/5/20200! 11:04 est Charlotte NC✌🏿️

In the United States a good portion of it’s citizens fight against a benevolent state I have no idea as to why they are against these types of reforms

@jesseberg3271

4 жыл бұрын

That's because Europeans don't really understand race and Americans don't really understand class. The American Worker doesn't have a conception of him or herself as a part of the Working Class, but he or she does understand where they stand in America's racial politics. Many, _many,_ white Americans have been convinced on an all but unconscious level to put their place in the racial hierarchy above their economic interests. Therefore, a man like Barack Obama who offers them access to healthcare but threatens their conception of and standing in that hierarchy is an enemy, not a friend. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. said that a white man in America may not be able to feed his family, but he can still eat Jim Crow. Obviously, not all Americans fall for this, but enough do to keep voting in Republicans.

@ninamimi6622

4 жыл бұрын

Because there are very few politicians fighting for them, same with media. Even on the democrat side of politics most of them don’t believe in actual universal healthcare. They’re funded by big business too. Someone like Bernie Sanders who is not the least radical is painted as some radical outsider.

@varana

4 жыл бұрын

Also, self-reliance and rejection of state power are some of the most important foundation myths of the United States. From the pilgrims who fled state persecution, to the colonies fighting for independence against the Empire, to the settlers colonising the West on their own homesteads - it's you and your community, without or against the state, but never with it. In Europe (to a lesser degree in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe), the modern state evolved with its citizens, even when that evolution included revolutions and independence movements. In the densely populated and centuries-old European communities, the self-reliant individual was never idolised to the same extent as in America.

Just so you know: the translation in Flemish of 'the European Coal and Steel Community' is 'de Europese Gemeenschap voor Kolen en Staal' Trust me, it doesn't sound good in Flemish either

As someone speaking Flemish (which is just Dutch btw) I can attest that the Europese Gemeenschap voor Kolen en Staal doesn't sound any better in Dutch/Flemish.

Hey, good job pronouncing Nowa Huta correctly! It's not really "outside" Kraków nowadays, though :-)