Got a big interview tomorrow I'm pretty nervous about, this helped a ton. Not only was it informative, but it was also pretty calming. Thank you.

@radcow

4 жыл бұрын

Did u get the job

@prestongriffith4640

3 жыл бұрын

Did you get the job?

@MisterTwiin

3 жыл бұрын

@@prestongriffith4640 @radcow I got the job! Thank you for asking

@malak3229

3 жыл бұрын

@@MisterTwiin Congratulations

@ralphuwreckit4268

3 жыл бұрын

@@MisterTwiin 👏

straight to the point no bullshit. Need more people like this in the world

Please amplify ur sound as well ,it seems someone is whispering

@purpleheadedmonster8735

3 жыл бұрын

Yes. I have to off my fan for hearing this.

@albieoval1657

3 жыл бұрын

3:15 he listened to you

This video helped so much!

number of dsDNA molecules is 2^n, where n=number of cycles of PCR completed

@armandomartinez2699

4 жыл бұрын

More specific is amplicons = A*2^(N-2) where A is the number of template strands you start off with and N is number of cycles. You actually don't make any amplicons in the first two rounds.

Thank you great vid keep up the good work

Nice tutorial!, just for the record, it is thermus aquaticus (with a 'u')

@stormwarrior9588

6 жыл бұрын

Thanks lol, you just saved my ass

Don't you need 2 primers? One for the sense and one for the antisense strand?

just a quick clarification, so by the end of the PCR cycle will always end up with a double stranded DNA?. in other words am asking, when going for Capillary electrophoresis, we go in with a double stranded DNA from PCR? thnks

Thanks for the video. I've been trying to find out for a while why you would want to amplify DNA. Is it because endogenous DNA concentration/abundance is much too low for detection by current instruments? How does an instrument count the number of copies that are made? Many thanks.

@TheInsaneFellow

9 жыл бұрын

InspirationIsFree Not an expert, but you'd most likely do electrophoresis from the DNA sample after having done a PCR so I suppose it's got to do with the original amount of copies being insufficient

@linhphuongtranpham6465

8 жыл бұрын

+TheInsaneFellow We do not directly "count" the DNA one by one. According to what I've been taught, we do electrophoresis, like TheInsaneFellow have said, with ladders of known DNA concentration. Then we basically compare the width of the DNA strands to the width of the ladders to pick out the most closed number.

thank you maybe a bit longer and more explicative but ok for a recap

Hi, thank you so much for the video. Can you please tell me what exactly primers are and why we use them? I didn't get that really well.

@pmasepticmind

3 жыл бұрын

Basically it’s an rna molecule, the polymerase starts building the complementary strand from that rna molecule. In the 5’ to 3’ the polymerase only require one such piece to be placed but on the 3’ to 5’ one it needs multiple and then it connects each two in 5’ to 3’ directions. When the process is done those rna molecules are replace with dna molecules and you get a double strand dna

@sena3818

3 жыл бұрын

In simpler terms, primers are added so RNA/DNA polymerase can make new daughter strands faster, think of them as checkpoints to where to start the new sequence. There will always be a lagging and leading strand,( in the case of PCR there are only leading strands(idk why there just is). The lagging strand has multiple primers while the leading strand will have way less because it's just a straight line. Primers are added in replication bubbles too. I can go on forever and example further but then I would be writing an essay. ill try to draw a picture, ---- = new strands

@capbubbles6982

3 жыл бұрын

It's specific to the segment you want to copy. You use the primer that corresponds to the priming sequence on the DNA strand you want to replicate.

Why can't we just add helicase to denature the strands rather than heating?

@linhphuongtranpham6465

8 жыл бұрын

+Devika Satija I think because we can't shut them off when they need to be off. You see PCR requires three stages, and DNA double strands only need to be separated at stage 1 (denaturation), if we use helicase, it will be active at stage 2 (annealing - primers attach to parental strand) and 3 (elongation - polymerases add nucleotides) also, and we don't want that.

@zangetsu6638

4 жыл бұрын

1) with heat we can separate entire strands at once, instead of just small local areas with helicase 2) it's much quicker and easier and efficient to use heat

@tahminaaktertahin8582

3 жыл бұрын

It is difficult to maintain optimum conditions to use Helicase outside the living cells. So we use heat rather than enzyme.

Is there any videos with RT-PCR?

thanks this helped 👍

Thank you ❤️

How does pcr stop dna synthesis?

Helpful..!!!😀

were you recording with a toaster?

@davidrollins9720

6 жыл бұрын

wow! clever AND original!

@arsenal78910

5 жыл бұрын

maybe with a hamster, who knows?

@ayushsamanta5461

4 жыл бұрын

To

thanks!

Where does taq source the nucleotides to build the complimentary strand? Would you need to add it in to be able to have thousands of copies?

@nikfriddle7567

8 жыл бұрын

+hunglikehuang There are free nucleotides in the solution (that's added). TAQ is just a DNA polymerase, which basically reads the strand of single stranded DNA and adds the correct complementary nucleotide to that single strand, resulting in a double strand now

@hunglikehuang

8 жыл бұрын

+Nik Friddle Thank you

@zangetsu6638

4 жыл бұрын

yes, you must add the dNTPs (deoxynucleotide triphosphates)

PCR: denature the strand through heat. Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerize - copy of the DNA. add primer, starting point, nucleotides. exponential increase in number.

Thanks that was rewlly helpful. .

@rashidamohammed8463

7 жыл бұрын

*really

@leightonmayers7698

7 жыл бұрын

wow.

@rashidamohammed8463

7 жыл бұрын

Leighton Mayers mmmm k

@Sarapeaches23

7 жыл бұрын

wow.

@trollester69

5 жыл бұрын

@@rashidamohammed8463 *ok

Intervention time! You say "Basically" at a faster rate than PCR creates DNA

If the nucelotides were removed, would you still get elongation of the DNA strands?

@craftsandscience860

8 жыл бұрын

No, you won't

@infinity-and-regards

7 жыл бұрын

That's like building a house without bricks (or any other building materials)

the detail is so underwhelming

@catchersalazar705

5 жыл бұрын

I mean, its a free non profit online course, were you expecting a Harvard lecture?

@zangetsu6638

4 жыл бұрын

it's perfect for a quick introduction, but if you thought this was going deep in an under five minutes video, i want to know what other vids you use to base this on on.

@hannahrheenaduldulao3912

4 жыл бұрын

M

This is a little sloppy for the standards of khan academy. It's still good though

I hardly hear you.

What if there was only 1 primer, not 2 primers. What would the final product be?

@tanzhengrui8848

5 жыл бұрын

My guess is that the DNA will not be amplified at all. Because if only one primer is attached to one of the single strand, only one of the 2 single strand will be elongated. As a result you will only get back just one copy of the same DNA,which defeats the purpose of PCR.

Check the math when amplifying your DNA: it goes from 1 to 2 to 4 to ... 16! (See comment from Nick George below: the number of dsDNA molecules is 2^number of cycles of PCR completed.)

@Jordanadean

4 жыл бұрын

Check your own math. 2^1 = 2 (after first round) 2^2 = 4 (after second round) 2^3 (2*2=4*2) = 8 (after third round) 2^4 = 16 (after fourth round)

what did you mean by annealing?

@sena3818

3 жыл бұрын

Annealing is another term for attaching primers. It does the same job as primase which attaches primers. For PCR instead of using the enzyme Primase you Aneal it which means attaching primers, as i stated before.

What possible complications can occur in PCR that would bring unwanted results?

@rebeccadarmanin4947

3 жыл бұрын

The Taq polymerase doesn't have a proper proofreading mechanism - meaning it won't detect any wrongly placed nucleotides. The whole system is also subject to contamination between nucleic acids.

Sound system is not optimal please try to improve.

Great video...your voice is a little too soft, difficult to hear. But the video helped heaps..Thank you!

Damn you. I need you to fly tomorrow

Voice is low and talk so fast

he sounds like Kermit the frog

And that my friends is how you can get a positive test for corona...taadaaah!

@alvarodias68

3 жыл бұрын

🤣🤣

@alvarodias68

3 жыл бұрын

@Aguilar Denerde Wow! You're a real tool.

@blueststrawberry

3 жыл бұрын

@Aguilar Denerde what are u trying to get at LOL

@-Atrocious

3 жыл бұрын

Looks like somebody's mad his daddy got booted off the big screen. And I've heard it's actually amplified 33 times. And Aguliar what you know about Karys collections?

@blueststrawberry

3 жыл бұрын

@Aguilar Denerde honestly man what are you trying to say in your first comment

Can you explain to me how this test is able to detect a specific strain? Like.. covid19?

@xandersmith9758

4 жыл бұрын

it can't bro ! COVID-19 is fake

@thatstheguy07

4 жыл бұрын

Xander Smith I agree lol. I started asking these questions on all these scientific videos explaining these Mickey Mouse tests. No answers so far...

@goatgoat7227

4 жыл бұрын

thatstheguy07 bruh google it

@thatstheguy07

4 жыл бұрын

Billy the Goat bruh, I don’t need to.

@goatgoat7227

4 жыл бұрын

thatstheguy07 if u need an explanation then yea you do, but it is up to you and I respect your decision.

Video is too quiet. Can't hear anything

@alvarodias68

3 жыл бұрын

Turn up your 🔊

KZread! Please tell me what the "late stage of PCR" is PLLEASE or else I'll diiieee

@asinjitdas3113

6 жыл бұрын

@Nyanna Ross don't die.. the last stage is final hold

bad sound, sorry.

16 after round 3 not 8

@mangolover1247

7 жыл бұрын

JKDMan2000 no it's 8

@09ak31

6 жыл бұрын

JDK youre a dumb fuck

PAS OUF EN SAH

So you show two strands and then jump to amplifying one of them without showing how we one was chosen 👎🏼 #fail

Improve your sound quality

Underline your damn genus names!

Once you realized that you had fucked up and explained things in the wrong order, you should have done the video over.

Your audio recording is simply awful.