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Peasant Movements are a part of social movements against British atrocities in the 18th and 19th centuries of the British Colonial Period. These movements had the sole purpose of restoring the earlier forms of rule and social relations.
Causes of the Movements:-
O Peasant Atrocities: The peasants suffered from high rents, illegal levies, arbitrary evictions and unpaid labour in Zamindari areas. The Government levied heavy land revenue.
Massive Losses for Indian Industries: The movements arose when British economic policies resulted in the ruin of traditional handicrafts and other small industries leading to change of ownership and overburdening of agrarian land, and massive debt and impoverishment of peasantry.
Unfavourable Policies: The economic policies of British government used to protect the landlords and moneylenders and exploited the peasants. The peasants rose in revolt against this injustice on many occasions.
Indigo Rebellion :-
Indigo was recognized as a chief cash crop for the East India Company's investments.
It is also known as 'Nil Bidroho'
All categories of the rural population, missionaries, the Bengal intelligentsia and Muslims.
This indigo revolt gave birth to a political movement and stimulated national sentiment against the British rulers among Indian masses.
Santhal Rebellion :-
Santhal Rebellion (1855)
It was a native rebellion in present-day Jharkhand. against both the British colonial authority and zamindari system by the Santhal people
It was planned by four Murmu brothers -Sidhu, Kahnu, Chand and Bhairav
The rebellion was suppressed thoroughly and largely shadowed by that of the other rebellions.
Deccan Revolt :-
Along with the Permanent Settlement, the British extended their presence beyond Bengal.
Ryotwari Settlement was the revenue system that was introduced in the Bombay Deccan region
The revolt started in Poona and henceforth it spread to Ahmednagar.
This uprising also involved a social boycott of the moneylender.
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