Overload & short circuit: Domestic circuits (Part 3) | Physics | Khan Academy

Overload happens when current exceeds a safe value. Sometimes this happens due to voltage spikes. Attaching too many devices is also a very common cause. Sometimes there is a short circuit. A short circuit is when a very low resistance path is created, causing enormous amounts of current. For example, when a live wire touches a neutral wire, it creates a short circuit.
Overload protection and short circuit protection can be done by using an electric fuse.
More free lessons & practice www.khanacademy.org/science/i...
Khan Academy is a nonprofit organization with the mission of providing a free, world-class education for anyone, anywhere. We offer quizzes, questions, instructional videos, and articles on a range of academic subjects, including math, biology, chemistry, physics, history, economics, finance, grammar, preschool learning, and more. We provide teachers with tools and data so they can help their students develop the skills, habits, and mindsets for success in school and beyond. Khan Academy has been translated into dozens of languages, and 15 million people around the globe learn on Khan Academy every month. As a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, we would love your help!
Donate here: www.khanacademy.org/donate?ut...
Created by Mahesh Shenoy

Пікірлер: 122

  • @nihalMaTh
    @nihalMaTh Жыл бұрын

    mahn this is such an underrated video, literally only 56K views in 2yrs there is no other video that explains this concept so clearly

  • @keshavsinghtomar9962

    @keshavsinghtomar9962

    Жыл бұрын

    Because people are studying in English medium school but they didn't know how to understand quickly

  • @tashharris2313

    @tashharris2313

    6 ай бұрын

    I 100% agree!! I nearly skipped but he caught my attention with his beautiful handwriting and then I was hooked and now have an understanding of how short circuit works! Thank you

  • @oofsper

    @oofsper

    5 ай бұрын

    IKR!!!

  • @yusrakounain560
    @yusrakounain560 Жыл бұрын

    Overload is when excessive amount of current is drawn by our device which is out of the capacity of our device due to which insulation cover broke which can even cause shock to the user and may also cause fire. Overload happens Due to high strike in voltage Too much current Short circuit Too many devices are connected Or some faulty devices are connected Short circuit happens when live and neutral wire stick together due to brokage of insulation cover and a large flow of current happens is known as Short circuit Fuse protects our device from shortcircuiting and overloading

  • @rahuldangadhavi8524

    @rahuldangadhavi8524

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank u 💓

  • @beautifulbutterfly6204

    @beautifulbutterfly6204

    9 ай бұрын

    Ty, it was kinda helpful

  • @_csk2587
    @_csk25872 жыл бұрын

    Exactly dealing the point without doing this that and this is the way a Student wants to learn Excellent 👌

  • @KIP_KnowledgeIsPower
    @KIP_KnowledgeIsPower2 жыл бұрын

    This is by far the best video I’ve come across explaining these things. Very easy to understand for people like me who know nothing about this & also great for people who know a bit already. I love the diagrams ect as you go, absolutely outstanding. Thank you!!!!

  • @Wtungsten
    @Wtungsten7 ай бұрын

    1.Overload occurs when the current drawn by the wire is more than that of its capacity.it causes fires 2. When voltage increases, thunderstorm etc. 3.Shot circuit is when current travels along an unintended path of low resistance. Happens when insulation of live and neutral wires break 4.Safety fuse and circuit breaker

  • @patrickjacobsen7805
    @patrickjacobsen78053 жыл бұрын

    Thank you sir.

  • @panagiotiskevopoulos
    @panagiotiskevopoulos Жыл бұрын

    Flawlessly explained and presented! Thanks for not overlooking any causes!

  • @tabangatluak8339
    @tabangatluak8339 Жыл бұрын

    The excitement I have when watching your videos 😄 am addicted, I don't know what kind of teacher I will be because of you 😁. Thanks so much for this 🙏

  • @salinik5840
    @salinik5840 Жыл бұрын

    Literally i am addicted to your videos,what an explanation mahn👏👏

  • @ujjawalkennedy8850
    @ujjawalkennedy88503 жыл бұрын

    Exactly what I needed..loved it

  • @maitryparekh1627
    @maitryparekh16272 жыл бұрын

    Perfectly expialned👍👍

  • @Ajayyadav-331
    @Ajayyadav-3312 жыл бұрын

    Understood sir..I watched many videos on short circuit but I understood only yours.

  • @shubhamupman7260
    @shubhamupman72602 жыл бұрын

    Great explanation sir!! 👌👌

  • @Mathsloverani
    @Mathsloverani9 ай бұрын

    I was confused between short circuit and overload you gave me clarity. Love you and thank you sir ❤❤❤❤

  • @letsmakeiteasy3161
    @letsmakeiteasy3161 Жыл бұрын

    Outstanding!

  • @_Prathikz_
    @_Prathikz_2 жыл бұрын

    Thank u sir it is very easy for my exam🙏

  • @mjt4042
    @mjt4042 Жыл бұрын

    You saved our discussion, thanks bro

  • @Ram-ie7vo
    @Ram-ie7vo2 жыл бұрын

    Very nice

  • @priyankaags9841
    @priyankaags98412 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much. This will surely help to rock my test. I recommend everyone to watch this video!!

  • @batukog8660

    @batukog8660

    9 ай бұрын

    Yes it will because this man make science so easy to understand 😄

  • @akshataaher844
    @akshataaher844 Жыл бұрын

    Very nicely explained sir.

  • @minijose5159
    @minijose51596 ай бұрын

    Sir thank you teaching physics in a nice way through this video I have understood the concept of ch 13

  • @mohdishaq9250
    @mohdishaq92502 жыл бұрын

    Nice

  • @pinkflower88
    @pinkflower88 Жыл бұрын

    Answers to the question: 1. Too much current flowing in the circuit. It is bad because it can cause insulation to melt and can also cause fire. 2. The three ways by which overload can happen: (i) Too much of voltage in the current (ii) Too many devices connected to the circuit (iii) short-circuit 3. Short-circuit happens when the current in a circuit happens to take a shorter and a lesser resistant path. e.g., (i) when a live wire touches a neutral wire (ii) when the circuit is surrounded by water (Extra {what it can cause}: short circuit can allow a huge amount of current to flow though it, as there is much lesser resist and can use burns or melts in the devices.) 4. Insulation protects the circuit. Feel free to correct me if I'm wrong.

  • @hugimelo
    @hugimelo Жыл бұрын

    Awesome video...thx

  • @Nriteshverma8706
    @Nriteshverma87063 жыл бұрын

    Thanks sir

  • @nikhildwivedi9378
    @nikhildwivedi93782 жыл бұрын

    Awesome

  • @blackfentom...9337
    @blackfentom...93372 жыл бұрын

    Hii brow you are cool

  • @studygmail100
    @studygmail1003 жыл бұрын

    amzing

  • @haripriyadebnath7969
    @haripriyadebnath7969 Жыл бұрын

    Thankyousomuch sir!

  • @papillonbougie7080
    @papillonbougie7080 Жыл бұрын

    i do apology ur right the more u put loeads the more the current flows

  • @user-zm6kj7oi3d
    @user-zm6kj7oi3d3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @manjeetmalhotra4606
    @manjeetmalhotra46063 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot sir!

  • @SpiritofPluto
    @SpiritofPluto4 жыл бұрын

    Super! Thank you, sir!

  • @SumitSharma-xk1bz
    @SumitSharma-xk1bz3 жыл бұрын

    Brilliant explanation

  • @sagotasarkar1258
    @sagotasarkar1258 Жыл бұрын

    You have a beautiful voice

  • @bhumikajoshi5859
    @bhumikajoshi58598 ай бұрын

    Such a amazing explanation then my school teachers meanwhile my teachers telling that in our house we have series circuit not the parallel ones😂😂😂 ❤❤❤

  • @soup4241
    @soup42414 ай бұрын

    thankyouu

  • @kolimazumder349
    @kolimazumder3493 жыл бұрын

    It helped a lot sir 🙏

  • @michaelferto6588
    @michaelferto65882 жыл бұрын

    .......I am just figuring this out more in writing, from what you said and my electrical experiences...... Hmm, to much electrical current on the wire, can heat it up, but the fuse or breaker stops this, by stopping the flow of electricity..... To many devices would draw maximum electricity for the wire fuse or breaker, and electricity would stop when the fuse or breaker shuts off......The short circuit would place to much electricity directly on the wire, and/or indirectly interfere with other aspects of a device, and cause the fuse or breaker to put the brakes on and trip off the flow of electricity....

  • @bazokazoro4563
    @bazokazoro4563 Жыл бұрын

    Sir , isn’t practical installing fuse in the neutral wire?

  • @ark9788
    @ark97883 жыл бұрын

    I once connected the live wire and the neutral wire by connecting an external wire between the live socket and neutral socket on switch board and power went out. I was really dumb to do that. Realised now that I actually did a short circuit.

  • @IzeDesu

    @IzeDesu

    3 ай бұрын

    LOL

  • @chundrusatyanarayana3161
    @chundrusatyanarayana31619 ай бұрын

    V=I x R ....according to this equation if value of resistance is zero incase of short circuit then current becomes infinite.

  • @suryaadhikari7493
    @suryaadhikari74933 жыл бұрын

    Sir, how much minimum resistance required to avoid short circuit in AC&DC

  • @QuoraWorld

    @QuoraWorld

    3 жыл бұрын

    It depends on electrical appliances... For example if you use electric iron which drawn 15amp current then we will use 15 amp of fuse.... Fuse depends on electrical applianxes

  • @smtusharibnesalam2089
    @smtusharibnesalam20899 ай бұрын

    Is there part 4 or further of this series

  • @talhashahid484
    @talhashahid4844 жыл бұрын

    Sir! Can you make a video on EMF and Voltage in detail?

  • @QuoraWorld

    @QuoraWorld

    3 жыл бұрын

    Both are same

  • @user-mz6ur9re5j
    @user-mz6ur9re5j Жыл бұрын

    👍👍👍🌹🌹🌹

  • @uglpkhtv3058
    @uglpkhtv3058 Жыл бұрын

    hi sir, what is low over load current

  • @rohitnagwal4177
    @rohitnagwal41774 жыл бұрын

    Thanks sir , for the video

  • @abhishantkrsingh4481
    @abhishantkrsingh4481 Жыл бұрын

    Tbh, English version is better than the other one

  • @ramumudhiraj1561
    @ramumudhiraj15612 ай бұрын

    😮

  • @ramumudhiraj1561

    @ramumudhiraj1561

    2 ай бұрын

    Wow

  • @kevinjinu6135
    @kevinjinu6135 Жыл бұрын

    sir, why your energy in this video is not as high as the previous videos??

  • @syedzamanmehdi2855
    @syedzamanmehdi28552 жыл бұрын

    Why short circuit is low resistance path

  • @rockstarvictorvs8187
    @rockstarvictorvs81873 жыл бұрын

    Sir can we touch neutral wire without any socked

  • @The_sazia

    @The_sazia

    3 жыл бұрын

    yes If you are already neutral

  • @QuoraWorld

    @QuoraWorld

    3 жыл бұрын

    Yes we can touch neutral bcs neutral has 0v

  • @tulsigupta5427

    @tulsigupta5427

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yes. But its advisable not to, cus the voltage is not exactly 0

  • @rohitnagwal4177
    @rohitnagwal41774 жыл бұрын

    Sir , heat =I^2RT, also wire provides zero resistance , therefore there should be zero heat produced in the wire although current can much much higher

  • @shreyjaiswal5250

    @shreyjaiswal5250

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hey Rohit, Resistance is taken as 0 but it's not really 0. To be precise, it is so low that it is negligible. If you have an extremely large current, then heat will also be extremely large. And since we are talking about parallel connections, the formula we use will be H=V²t/r[because V is constant in parallel connections]. You can see that the heat produced will be extremely large. Hope that helped.

  • @petters27
    @petters274 ай бұрын

    That device looks suss

  • @ronitmutha5890
    @ronitmutha58903 ай бұрын

    jay hunamuman gyan gun sgar

  • @dingalarm
    @dingalarm2 жыл бұрын

    Since a fuse has a high resistance (1:35), doesn't this create a problem, as there will be a voltage drop in the circuit ?

  • @preraj175

    @preraj175

    2 жыл бұрын

    It breaks within a second . So no

  • @dingalarm

    @dingalarm

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@preraj175 Of course the fuse breaks if the current is too high, but I was referring to the high resistance (and corresponding voltage drop) of the fuse when the circuit is functioning normally.

  • @josecarlosferreira4942

    @josecarlosferreira4942

    Жыл бұрын

    The fuse resistance is high compared to the wire resistance. However, the voltage drop in the fuse is very low compared to 220 V.

  • @dingalarm

    @dingalarm

    Жыл бұрын

    @@josecarlosferreira4942 Thanks! 🙂

  • @rohitnagwal4177
    @rohitnagwal41774 жыл бұрын

    Sir, you forget to answer that "why fuse is connected to live wire"

  • @jayeshdeshmukh9624

    @jayeshdeshmukh9624

    4 жыл бұрын

    It is because as most of current flows from the live wire

  • @shreyjaiswal5250

    @shreyjaiswal5250

    3 жыл бұрын

    That is because current flow starts through live wire and then comes back through neutral wire. Logically, we want to save the appliance and therefore we place the fuse, which is basically a limit setter for current flow, in series with live wire so excess current does not reach the appliance. Hope that helped :)

  • @shreyjaiswal5250

    @shreyjaiswal5250

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@jayeshdeshmukh9624 This statement is a scathing indictment of the Indian schooling system.

  • @tortormichael9503
    @tortormichael9503 Жыл бұрын

    Why I can I do

  • @shanusevenster2726
    @shanusevenster2726 Жыл бұрын

    Answer 1, An overload is an increase current due to voltage (current is directly proportional to voltage) with low resistance causing the wire to overheat, giving a class C electrical fire, which is why its bad. Answer 2, Either there was a voltage spike in the AC or too much electrical device draws current. Answer 3, Is an interruption in the circuit by another conductor with even lower resistance compare to other loads, that can completes a quicker path back to the power source. Answer 4, Fuses or circuit breakers

  • @meaw-6970

    @meaw-6970

    Жыл бұрын

    I am sorry but I think you have written wrong in 1st question it would be *with high resistance Because of there would be a low resistance the current will flow easily and damage our appliences!

  • @shanusevenster2726

    @shanusevenster2726

    Жыл бұрын

    @@meaw-6970 Thank you for making me do deeper research, I now see heat is generated due to the resistivity of conductors not current. Cause heat is the dissipation of energy from the resistors.

  • @ananyamishra00
    @ananyamishra003 жыл бұрын

    How do we know there is low resistance path inside the insukated wire

  • @servantoftheexpander9688
    @servantoftheexpander9688 Жыл бұрын

    There are two problems in a circuit. 1.Overloading 2. Short-circuit. >Overloading Definition:- Too much current. Causes: attaching to many devices. And short circuit. Why is it a problem A) It can melt insulation. B) In worst cases, the wires may even catch fire. Cure? Our little hero- Electrical fuse. It is present on the live wire. If current exceeds its limit; it melts and breaks the circuit. No flow of current. > Short circuit- circuit became short ( low resistance path) When live wire and neutral wire get too touchy. They make a new path- a path with low resistance. And lower the resistance; more the current. Then zzzzzzzz. Overloading.

  • @ammulubulli8100

    @ammulubulli8100

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you!! ♥️

  • @dropaditiwari9256
    @dropaditiwari9256 Жыл бұрын

    Ram sir???

  • @tezraktimkashyap1213
    @tezraktimkashyap12133 жыл бұрын

    i am missing ram sir😟😞😞

  • @shashanksaurav4922

    @shashanksaurav4922

    3 жыл бұрын

    ram ram

  • @mahadevprasanth1697

    @mahadevprasanth1697

    2 жыл бұрын

    Mahesh Sir is really great too

  • @kuchhtohai1518

    @kuchhtohai1518

    6 ай бұрын

    I think he is ram sir, speaking in English

  • @vivekgupta3692

    @vivekgupta3692

    3 ай бұрын

    ​@@kuchhtohai1518 No, he is Mahesh Shenoy Sir❤

  • @tirthapaul7979
    @tirthapaul79794 жыл бұрын

    Why the resistance of the path becomes too low when a naked live wire toches the naked neutral wire??

  • @shreyjaiswal5250

    @shreyjaiswal5250

    3 жыл бұрын

    You can imagine it like this: if one end of 2 wires is connected to a battery in a simple circuit and the other end to a bulb, current flows and the bulb lights up in normal conditions. This is because there is 1 path through which current can flow. In parallel circuits current is divided in ratio 1/R. This implies that more current flows through smaller resistance device. You can interpret this as current tends to flow along least resistance path. Now when insulation is damaged and wires come in contact, their resistance is extremely low as they are behaving somewhat as a single wire only at the point of contact. Current prefers this path instead of the comparatively higher path across the bulb and therefore a large amount of current flows through the wires back to the battery. This goes on and by Joules law of heating, such high current leads to great amount of heat and this leads to sparks and wires melting. This damages the whole circuit. That is why we use fuses and earthing wires. Fuses prevent excess current to flow through circuit by breaking it and earthing wires prevent electric shock to humans if they touch metallic body of device in case of current leakage. Hope that helped.

  • @meaw-6970

    @meaw-6970

    Жыл бұрын

    I am looking for this Same question 🤣🤣

  • @papillonbougie7080
    @papillonbougie7080 Жыл бұрын

    overload is too much load not too much current

  • @Hino_55
    @Hino_554 жыл бұрын

    Sir, why is it that overload happens when you occupy all the sockets in an extender? Extenders do have a rating right? Like when it specifies a certain Amperage it is only limited to that Ampere rating. For example, an extender with 4 sockets (rated at 10A), can only provide a maximum current draw of 2.5A on each socket. Hence, devices requiring higher current draw more than 2.5A should not work properly instead of being damaged since over current cannot happen because of the Amperage rating of the extender? Maybe for extenders without Amperage rating can overload happen? Ty sir Mahesh for the awesome explanation :)

  • @shreyjaiswal5250

    @shreyjaiswal5250

    3 жыл бұрын

    See... The rating on any device, an extender or even a fridge specifies the max voltage on which it can work at full effeciency. It does not mean that if you increase voltage, excess current won't flow. So if a device is rated 220V 100W, then it can work properly till the current is 0.45 A. [R=488 ohm] However if we increase voltage to let's say 230V, I=0.47 A. This exceeds the capacity of device which is 0.45 A. This causes overloading and harms device if earthing wire is absent. NOTE: Values of current, resistance,etc. are taken as an approximate Hope that helped

  • @Hino_55

    @Hino_55

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@shreyjaiswal5250 Correct me if I'm wrong, my understanding now is an extender rated for 10A can only provide a maximum of 10A. Like for example, if device A is plugged into one of the sockets of a 4-socket extender, and it draws 7.5Amps of current, then the remaining 3 sockets can only handle 2.5Amps total of current draw. Meaning, we can't plug in another device/s which tally to more than 2.5Amps of draw. Am I correct Ma'am/Sir Shrey?

  • @shreyjaiswal5250

    @shreyjaiswal5250

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@Hino_55 Hey Jd, The rating given to devices shows that they will operate at max efficiency till that point. Like a 10 A extender will be performing at its max capacity when 10 A flows through it. But this does not imply that current>10 A won't be allowed to flow through it. Let us assume there is no fuse preventing excess flow into the extender and there is a voltage increase so that an I of 20 A starts to flow via the extender. This will lead to overloading and the device and wires may burn due to excess heat being produced[Joule's law of heating]. So in conclusion, the extender will get damaged if the voltage or current exceeds the amount specified in its rating. Further clarification, let us assume that the extender is a tube light with the same rating, then when I=10 A light is brightest; when I10 A, the tube light gets damaged. Hope that helped.

  • @Hino_55

    @Hino_55

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@shreyjaiswal5250 Thanks Shrey, this comment was 5 months old, I appreciate you taking the time to reply. Cheers mate!

  • @shreyjaiswal5250

    @shreyjaiswal5250

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@Hino_55 Always a pleasure to help mate :)

  • @maysasaeed7964
    @maysasaeed79648 ай бұрын

    Short circuit is overcurrent not overload

  • @lllsoni
    @lllsoni Жыл бұрын

    Ram.......?

  • @vikaschavan6233
    @vikaschavan62334 жыл бұрын

    am not understand that you asking

  • @kiu8179
    @kiu81793 жыл бұрын

    In my country ground and neutral are bonded but I dont know whay is the proper way to wire a conection We use two hot(120+120)

  • @zebakhan3320

    @zebakhan3320

    Жыл бұрын

    Which country?

  • @kiu8179

    @kiu8179

    Жыл бұрын

    @@zebakhan3320 Ecuador (south America)

  • @poisongaming7922
    @poisongaming7922 Жыл бұрын

    Jio mobile na maw ban** mobile

  • @RiyaChaudhary-tk5nx
    @RiyaChaudhary-tk5nx7 ай бұрын

    Sir please speak English I can't understand

  • @shokeyshokey2097
    @shokeyshokey20973 жыл бұрын

    Your ans is wrong

  • @b99g58
    @b99g582 жыл бұрын

    Time waste

  • @indirarani1091
    @indirarani10912 жыл бұрын

    Thank you sir

  • @ezzahaqabraham3298
    @ezzahaqabraham32983 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @nxvasingapore5564
    @nxvasingapore5564 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you sir