No video

Nervous system 4, Nerve impulses

We have already mentioned that a nerve impulse is electrical. This electrical charge is generated by the relative distribution of ions on both sides of the cell membrane. If there are more negative ions inside the cell with relatively more positive ions outside, the overall charge will also be negative on the inside and positive on the outside. This state is sometimes referred to as the resting potential. This is the electrical condition a nerve fibre will be in when there is no nerve impulse passing a particular point. Because in this situation there is a negative pole inside and a positive pole on the outside, the cell is described as being polarized. These are the same as the poles of a battery, one of which is negative and the other positive.
However, when a nerve impulse is passing a point on a nerve fibre, the polarity across the cell membrane reverses. There is a change in the permeability of the membrane surrounding the nerve fibre. This allows ions to pass through the cell membrane leading to a change in the relative distribution of positive and negative ions on the two sides of the membrane. The result is the inside becomes positive and the outside negative. This reversal of polarity is referred to as depolarization. After the nerve impulse has passed, the polarity reverts back to being negative inside and positive outside. The process by which resting polarity is restored is termed repolarization. From this it can be seen that a nerve impulse is a wave of depolarisation which passes along a nerve fibre. It is this electrical wave which constitutes the nerve impulse. Changes in polarity necessary for the propagation of the impulse are brought about by changes in the relative distribution and concentration of ions. These concentrations may change because ions are able to pass through the cell membrane in specialised small gaps called ion channels.

Пікірлер: 86

  • @Abhaywr
    @Abhaywr6 ай бұрын

    An animation can never replace the place of an old professor, there is always something about them!!!!!

  • @GabbarSingh84
    @GabbarSingh847 жыл бұрын

    A big thank you to Dr John Campbell for sharing his knowledge with us. I really enjoy your lectures and you make things look easy. You are a Genius.

  • @WarMoose20
    @WarMoose203 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for this video, John. I discovered your channel through the pandemic videos, but these old teaching videos have been a treasure trove which have helped me get through my Access Course - many thanks!

  • @sachinchikku89
    @sachinchikku894 жыл бұрын

    Dr. Campbell I used to watch your all videos. And the way you teach us us really simple and understandable!! I suggest you to add some lectures about disease too ..

  • @mikhailoye
    @mikhailoye7 жыл бұрын

    My professor could take a few lessons from you. I really appreciate your teaching methods.

  • @niketabhatt6994
    @niketabhatt69943 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much Dr.John Campbell .Really enjoying video and how you make easy for someone.Big Thank you to you.

  • @adeosunabayomi346
    @adeosunabayomi346Ай бұрын

    Wow! I'm not a fan of watching videos for understanding, but after trying to understand the transmission through axon and it was futile, I came online. My instinct just clicked on Dr. John's channel. Goodness! I enjoyed this and I'm coming for more. I already did subscribed 😂❤

  • @joshuamakori3612
    @joshuamakori36122 жыл бұрын

    I really can't believe how I struggle to go through the words in books ...but Dr Campbell you've simplified everything and I haven't even struggled to understand..thank you so much...

  • @user-qq3ww6oe3p
    @user-qq3ww6oe3p6 ай бұрын

    Dr. John Campbell, thank you for your teaching techniques, you add diagrams and give simple explanation

  • @bhanteny3863
    @bhanteny38632 жыл бұрын

    Thank you Dr.John for the big knowledge that you have shared. May God bless!!!!

  • @afjo9435
    @afjo94352 жыл бұрын

    Sir you are so great!!!! .I literally have zero knowledge of this but I have got everything you said. HAVE A GREAT RESPECT FOR YOU SIR

  • @MamaZShaman
    @MamaZShaman Жыл бұрын

    Kind, considerate, thorough and respectful - thank you Dr. John

  • @cynthiakanda3503
    @cynthiakanda35032 жыл бұрын

    You are a great blessing!may God bless you Much love from Kenya 💕

  • @fodaybangura2985
    @fodaybangura29852 жыл бұрын

    I want to say you are the best lecture ever on U tube thank you for unpacking knowledge on us

  • @zatunjamsa
    @zatunjamsa8 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for explaining action potential!😊

  • @janetmurdoch1393
    @janetmurdoch13933 жыл бұрын

    I actually learnt soooo much!!!! You explained it so well, i understood EVERYTHING please keep adding videos. Thank you !!!!!

  • @cannizaro4927
    @cannizaro49273 ай бұрын

    He is living legend love to watch ur miracle lectures ❤❤🎉🎉

  • @massagetherapyforinjuriesf8197
    @massagetherapyforinjuriesf81972 жыл бұрын

    Doctor John Campbell is helping me better than any others teachers in Colleges and Medical Universities…we all love John…

  • @ynageswarrao1590
    @ynageswarrao15902 жыл бұрын

    Damn you're too good at explaining difficult topics w-out any mishap. Juss loved it...! ❤️✨

  • @ivanibob5747
    @ivanibob57472 жыл бұрын

    Best video on nerve impulses I've ever seen !!! Thank you soooooooo much:)

  • @ginawillson2242
    @ginawillson22423 жыл бұрын

    I found this the hardest concept to understand so far! but grateful as always for your videos

  • @hosearowe8345
    @hosearowe83452 жыл бұрын

    Thank you prof I never before understood this so well Reminds me of studying in England and the detailed attention to content 😌

  • @amirzendehdel8876
    @amirzendehdel8876 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you Dr Campbel , you made me better view to nerve's signal transmitting. :)

  • @bernicedejongh5315
    @bernicedejongh5315 Жыл бұрын

    Wow! You're good at explaining and simplifying knowledge,thank you for sharing this.....I was struggling with understanding this concept but now am good 🥰.... you're a great teacher Dr Campbell 👏👏❤️

  • @Zay-cp5qe
    @Zay-cp5qe5 жыл бұрын

    great explanation .Thank you

  • @japreet_kah
    @japreet_kah3 жыл бұрын

    John you're a master of teaching!

  • @sanjeevi1146
    @sanjeevi11464 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much sir ......its very useful and you are teaching slow so that we can understand .............appreciate it

  • @mariaedward1099
    @mariaedward10993 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for this perfect explanation and the perfect effort , this video really helps me ❤️

  • @praveshkumar98
    @praveshkumar98 Жыл бұрын

    thanks for well explained on nerve impulses again thanks for clear the topic how to travel nerve impulses on human body

  • @meditationwithaghyad6424
    @meditationwithaghyad64243 жыл бұрын

    You are the BEST ! Thank you Doctor !

  • @Amfkndinosaur
    @Amfkndinosaur2 жыл бұрын

    BEST EXPLANATION.

  • @choudharyali8130
    @choudharyali81306 жыл бұрын

    SIR U R A GREAT TEACHER .

  • @shashimoghe3920
    @shashimoghe39202 жыл бұрын

    Thanks dr john Campbell sir for imparting this vital and important knowledge 15/07/2022

  • @jeankia1
    @jeankia14 жыл бұрын

    THANK GODDESS FOR YOU TUBE ,excellent job 👍🏽

  • @sulaimanbata6793
    @sulaimanbata67934 жыл бұрын

    Thanks Doctor

  • @daniellewalker1137
    @daniellewalker11373 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for finally making this information and terminology stick. Its taken some doing...

  • @navneetbharti9356

    @navneetbharti9356

    3 жыл бұрын

    Nice

  • @navneetbharti9356

    @navneetbharti9356

    3 жыл бұрын

    India

  • @justinaibe5080
    @justinaibe50802 ай бұрын

    Thanks professor.

  • @gibsonmwaura3939
    @gibsonmwaura39392 жыл бұрын

    Thanks you, your video are very educative

  • @mohamedamshaher9161
    @mohamedamshaher91616 жыл бұрын

    Thank you DOCTOR

  • @obama2523
    @obama25237 ай бұрын

    Campbell u should live forever

  • @shahzadsaleem5955
    @shahzadsaleem5955 Жыл бұрын

    Sir.its great.

  • @xuanhangduong6825
    @xuanhangduong68258 жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @magicturtle_6936
    @magicturtle_69363 жыл бұрын

    Fantastic video!

  • @daphjam567
    @daphjam5672 жыл бұрын

    HOW ARE YOU SO GOOD!!!!!!!!!!

  • @masroolahmad1312
    @masroolahmad13123 жыл бұрын

    Amazing way to describe it

  • @chewcharlie32
    @chewcharlie323 жыл бұрын

    Fantastic explanation thanks so much 😉

  • @minoshkabatista
    @minoshkabatista3 жыл бұрын

    Great video. Thanks.

  • @muhammadyaseenmahtaab7820
    @muhammadyaseenmahtaab78202 жыл бұрын

    Thank you...

  • @reginangosa2740
    @reginangosa2740 Жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much

  • @muratgorgin6044
    @muratgorgin6044 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much sir

  • @abdirazakmo1553
    @abdirazakmo15535 жыл бұрын

    thanks doctor

  • @maialbana9904
    @maialbana99047 жыл бұрын

    So amazing

  • 3 жыл бұрын

    So for example cold and heat sensors have different frequencies and when they combine they result in frequency of pain?

  • @SairaSabir1443AH
    @SairaSabir1443AH2 жыл бұрын

    @11:00 who made Frequency coding of Adam and human beings at such a specialized coded system

  • @ottoraabbscee4739
    @ottoraabbscee47398 жыл бұрын

    Dr. Campbell, thank you for your lectures here. Question: what is the difference between a pressure transducer in the skin & a touch transducer in the skin, transducer of course being an entity changing a physical phenomena to an electrical or chemical signal. Thank you for your input/thoughts. ~Otto Raab

  • @Campbellteaching

    @Campbellteaching

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Otto Raab, BScEE Both of these transduct a tactile stimulus into electrical neuronal impulses. However, they are two completely different types of peripheral receptors, different in form and function. Touch receptors are near the surface of the dermis, and lower epidermis, while pressure receptors are deeper in the dermis.

  • @ottoraabbscee4739

    @ottoraabbscee4739

    8 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for that explanation Dr. Campbell. Now I understand the difference! I enjoy the lectures.

  • @Biologywithrasheed
    @Biologywithrasheed4 жыл бұрын

    Outclassed

  • @gregorymcnally9257
    @gregorymcnally92573 жыл бұрын

    I thought a Mv was a 1000th of a volt, so when the voltage changes to +30Mv its not a net change of a tenth of a volt from -70Mv. ??

  • @SaadKhan-pu7xf
    @SaadKhan-pu7xf3 жыл бұрын

    Outstanding thanks sir

  • @Minaz_5
    @Minaz_52 жыл бұрын

    Thank youuu Dr you helped me a lot 🤍

  • @yumnaammar7604
    @yumnaammar76044 жыл бұрын

    Please, what is the meaning of polarization?

  • @notanuragg

    @notanuragg

    3 жыл бұрын

    Separation of charges basically

  • @shekhar9856

    @shekhar9856

    3 жыл бұрын

    When action potential in nueron is at rest position

  • @hannahharrison8461
    @hannahharrison84613 жыл бұрын

    Thankyou so much

  • @as_positive_as_proton
    @as_positive_as_proton3 жыл бұрын

    Genius

  • @paulcrooks4467
    @paulcrooks44675 жыл бұрын

    Electrical conduction

  • @sumitdhanda6559
    @sumitdhanda65596 жыл бұрын

    Thank you Sir I have a few questions 1.Reason for negative charge inside and 2.how the negative charge gone outside ??? Plzz rply

  • @pawandissanayake1654

    @pawandissanayake1654

    5 жыл бұрын

    When there is no nerve impulse passing by..inside the nerve is negatively charged due to chloride ions and few negatively charged proteins , and even positively charged potassium ions are inside the nerve cell, so inside the never cell is said to be negatively charged compared to the outside .when an action potential start to occurs (above -55mV), "voltage gated sodium channels" which are embedded in the nerve cell membrane open so more Sodium ions rushes in.making inside negative and outside positive .

  • @fatemevasseghi1103
    @fatemevasseghi11032 ай бұрын

    ❤❤❤

  • @QueenSipp
    @QueenSippАй бұрын

    Spatical zone shift.

  • @shareefabdulrahman8187
    @shareefabdulrahman81872 ай бұрын

    Take other class for over experience. What happens to Social media

  • @vaibhavkumar8541
    @vaibhavkumar85416 жыл бұрын

    make more videos

  • @vaibhavkumar8541

    @vaibhavkumar8541

    6 жыл бұрын

    super video really helped

  • @rayamoooooo685
    @rayamoooooo6854 жыл бұрын

    ☺ thx

  • @muhammadfawad1813
    @muhammadfawad18133 жыл бұрын

    hello sir i want to contact you

  • @godhelpme8977
    @godhelpme89773 жыл бұрын

    Not bad

  • @tanishqchaurasia5079
    @tanishqchaurasia50797 жыл бұрын

    Sir I had a question that do these impulses travel in a particular direction only and if yes then why??

  • @pawandissanayake1654

    @pawandissanayake1654

    5 жыл бұрын

    Tanishq Chaurasia . 1.these nerve impulses are said to be unidirectional (-impulses travel only in one particular direction) because after the action potential, when the nerve cell is repolarizing , before going back to the polarised state at -70mV ,the voltage will drop down to -85mV (hyperpolarisation) and then only return back to the polarised state(-70mV).this period is known as the" refractory period " and No nerve impulse can pass during this period so impulses won't travel backwards . 2 . Synaptic vesicles which contains neurotransmitters are always inside the synaptic bulb in the presynaptic neuron. And sodium ion channels with receptors( receptors that bind with the neurotransmitters)are always located on the post synaptic membrane. This also make action potentials go in one direction.

  • @ifeomammachukwu9727
    @ifeomammachukwu97274 жыл бұрын

    Sir,the cell walls is made up of phospholipids.can water from extracellular fluid enter the cell? How can the different ions exchanged between the intracellular and extracellular fluid.?

  • @Campbellteaching

    @Campbellteaching

    4 жыл бұрын

    Yes, ions go in and out through specialised protein based channels Calle ionophores

  • @getmoremakonza7085

    @getmoremakonza7085

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you sir

  • @dalejx7090
    @dalejx70903 жыл бұрын

    11:50 like a baws

  • @lambodotto93
    @lambodotto936 жыл бұрын

    Enjoyable