Mnajdra Megalithic Temple Complex. The History, Excavations & Preservation. Qrendi, Malta.

#Mnajdra #MnajdraTemples #NeolithicMalta
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Playlist: • Ancient Structures
00:00 Opening
00:47 Malta
01:28 History of Malta
02:22 Temple Period Malta
04:09 Mnajdra Megalithic Temple Complex
05:43 East Temple
06:15 Calendar Stone
07:48 South Temple
09:23 North Temple
10:02 Excavations
10:41 The state of the Temples
11:03 Vandalism of the Temples
11:54 Canopy construction
13:18 The vandalism and destruction in County Sligo Ireland
Malta was first inhabited by Neolithic farmers in 5900 BCE on the Island of Gozo, their agricultural methods depleted the soil of its nutrition until the Islands became uninhabitable.
Around 3850 BCE the islands were repopulated by a civilization, originating from Sicily, that eventually build the Megalithic temples which today are among the oldest surviving buildings in the entire world.
The Temple period in Malta has two distinct phases.
The first phase is the Ggantija period which started in 3600 BCE and ended in 3000 BCE.
The second phase is known as the Tarxien period which started in 3000 BCE and ended around 2500 BCE.
Megalithic monuments tell many stories, the ones that intrigue us most are those that tell us about their beginnings, their construction, their use and development in prehistory.
However, they provide evidence for a different story as well, which starts when they were discovered in modern times.
The monuments are not just studied and analysed by scholars who are trying to identify their origins, but they are restored and reconstructed as well.
Thus undergoing physical changes that aren’t always immediately evident.
Numerous restoration and conservation interventions have taken place at Mnajdra and it’s neighbouring Temple complex named Hagar Qim.
The Mnajdra temple complex is located on the southern cliffs of the island of Malta near the town of Qrendi.
It’s situated in Hagar Qim and Mnajdra Archaeological Park, to enter the park you buy a ticket.
The temple complex is made out of 2 types of limestones, the harder Lower Coralline limestone on the exterior walls and the softer Globigerina limestone on the interior walls.
It’s widely believed that construction at the Mnajdra complex started with the Eastern Temple, otherwise known as the upper temple between 3600 and 3200 BCE during the Ggantija period.
It’s a three-apsed building, looking the most like a clover.
The original pillar stones have been decorated with pit marks drilled in horizontal rows of the surface, they are still visible today.
Somewhere between 3150 and 2500 BCE in the Tarxien period construction began at the Southern temple, otherwise known as the lower temple.
This is the most impressive temple of the complex, with its largely intact facade and benches.
Which is astronomically aligned with the equinoxes of March 20th and September 22nd as the rays of the sun pass through the main doorway to illuminate the inner doorway.
Its aligned with bot the summer and winter solstices as well, on June 21st and December 21st.
At the summer solstice the sun lights up the edge of a megalith to the left of the doorway, reaching the inner chamber and at the winter solstice the same effect can be seen on the corresponding megalith on the right hand side.
The temples are opened to visitors at the sunrise of the equinoxes and solstices to allow them to witness this impressive event.
The largest temple is the North temple, also known as the middle temple.
It was the last to be built as construction took place somewhere between 2500 and 2000 BCE.
It was built between the other two temples and set on a higher elevation. It was unusual in having a 3 meter high porthole slab as its main entrance with a second doorway behind it.
Unfortunately the porthole slab is now broken.
Music:
Adrian von Ziegler - Relaxing Roman Music Aetas Romana
• Relaxing Roman Music -...
Sources:
www.sacred-destinations.com/ma...
whc.unesco.org/en/list/132
www.wondermondo.com/mnajdra/
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mnajdra
Ħagar_Qim_and_Mnajdra_temples_conservation_and_interpretation_project.pdf
Footage:
• Malta Cliffs, Waters a...
• MALTA- ANCIENT TEMPLES...
• Mnajdra Temples
• The Megalithic Temples...
• Malta | Heritage Sites...
• Filfla island the gem ...
• Coastline of Malta, Mn...
• no place like MALTA
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Пікірлер: 91

  • @BarbellmusicGYM
    @BarbellmusicGYM3 жыл бұрын

    Kayleigh, this was a very well done video. Enjoyed it greatly. Then again I do enjoy watching history videos. Keep up the good work. NewTubers send their regards EDIT: Dont forget call to action ;)

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    I have done the call to action haha at the very end 😂

  • @yeoldfart8762
    @yeoldfart87622 жыл бұрын

    Had a quiet moment. Nicely done..

  • @sevenodonata
    @sevenodonata3 жыл бұрын

    The constructed canopy looks like a beautiful big tent and would be a welcome relief from the Maltese sun so visitors can take their time to really appreciate the structures. "Some people" are just silly! Nice to visit a warm location for a change! :D

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    I absolutely agree with you! I feel the same way, I'm personally so happy they constructed these canopies so these temples are protected, why not protect something ancient? 🤗

  • @sevenodonata

    @sevenodonata

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@HistoryWithKayleigh Yup, those structures survived many wars but fell to a few lunatics with crowbars! As in Scotland, there must be something about religious holidays! :/

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Yeah some Christians don't want these ancient structures to survive into the future..

  • @joejacoby2464

    @joejacoby2464

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@HistoryWithKayleigh One thing I find more horrifying than those who would dismantle an ancient crypt to erect a hunting lodge is the thought that some people would simply want the ancient structures gone - our history is something our forebears left to us. Turning our backs to the past leaves us little understanding how we got here. That's not about religion; it's about the human condition.

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    I agree with you wholeheartedly, if one is unknown of the history he is doomed to repeat it.. We need to know our history and try to fully understand it for us as a species to survive.. The climate did change around the same time these ancient civilizations collapsed.. and since the climate is changing in a rapid rate at the moment we need to figure out how we as a species can live on, change must happen There's still so much unknown, but I am hopeful we will uncover more in the upcoming years/ decades 🤗

  • @amberann1229
    @amberann12293 жыл бұрын

    Very informative, thanks. I love the natural monolith at the beginning 0:23 🤣

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Haha that was a view from the edge of the south temple onto the uninhabited island of Filfla 🤭🤭

  • @amberann1229

    @amberann1229

    3 жыл бұрын

    History with Kayleigh 👍😂

  • @Kathens
    @Kathens3 жыл бұрын

    Nice video Kayleigh! I liked that you showed us a mediterranean temple for once. There is so much to discover in that area :)

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    There sure is! The middle east and Asia have a lot of ancient stone structures many don't know about 🤗

  • @mevenstien
    @mevenstien2 жыл бұрын

    Very nice vid, have always thought Malta may have much more to tell us in regards to ancient history so am glad to see your video . Well done Kayliegh. 🙂

  • @Terry.W
    @Terry.W3 жыл бұрын

    I didn't know about this ...thanks for the history lesson..

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Isn't is amazing! Such ancient temples on an island in the Mediterranean 😍

  • @gilbertoquinonez1974
    @gilbertoquinonez19742 жыл бұрын

    This is one of my favorite topics and is at the top of the list GIANTS

  • @larkingatt9499
    @larkingatt94993 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the exposure. It's a very well put together video! Makes me proud of my country to see that we took action to protect such beautiful heritage. Came here from r/malta on reddit.

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    You should absolutely be very proud of your country, if only other countries would follow the lead. You guys are at the forefront on preservation and protection ❤️ I was in awe while I was researching for this video, Malta is mesmerizing 🥰😍

  • @joejacoby2464
    @joejacoby24643 жыл бұрын

    Bravo! I do really appreciate your attention to detail and showing diagrams of the architecture. I particularly liked the explanation of the holes in relation to seasons, astronomy, and calendar. I have to wonder how that was decoded. Like many things it makes sense once explained. I share your outrage at vandalism of such sites and agree that preservation is a duty - history has to be protected and shared as a common treasure. Thanks so much for spending the time to produce and share your work with us.

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! I'm so happy to hear you appreciate my work!🤗 I hope to make more people aware of this time in history that is almost always overlooked or put aside, just because something has stood for millennia doesn't mean that it can't be wiped from the face of the earth in a very short timespan.. I'm glad to find out I'm not alone in wanting to save our species history 🤗

  • @scottbehl216
    @scottbehl2162 жыл бұрын

    I like to see the old Architecture too !! Yep, there's vandals all over the place like flies !!

  • @garyworokevich2524
    @garyworokevich25242 жыл бұрын

    I agree, all ancient sites like this should be protected. The education of ignorant people would be next. Great video Kayleigh.

  • @tomevans4402
    @tomevans44022 жыл бұрын

    These buildings had to be beautiful. Great video, thank you. 💐

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thanks Tom!

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh
    @HistoryWithKayleigh2 жыл бұрын

    Get your Merch: historywithkayleighshop.com/ Become a Channel member: kzread.info/dron/MwDeEoupy8QQpKKc8pzU_Q.htmljoin Support me on Patreon: www.patreon.com/HistoryWithKayleigh

  • @PhoenixLyon
    @PhoenixLyon3 жыл бұрын

    Great video, thanks! If there were a petition to the Irish government concerning the vandalism to ancient sites, I'd sign in a heartbeat. I love how the smallest temple reminds me of an ear, for some reason. Gotta go catch up on things, here. Later! ✌💖😸

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Enjoy catching up! Always love seeing you around! 🤗 I hope we can make a world wide petition one day to preserve and protect ancient sites on all continents in all countries 🥰

  • @PhoenixLyon

    @PhoenixLyon

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@HistoryWithKayleigh I know CARE.org dooes worldwide petition posts, and let me see if there is something for archeological sites. There must be, I could call Cornell's archeology department for a start. I've been looking for a reason to make contact (other than being a history geek) with them. Hugs n scritches to the kitties! Really like the new opening, btw!✌💖😸

  • @davidallard1980
    @davidallard19802 жыл бұрын

    Thank you

  • @lsvn5906
    @lsvn59062 жыл бұрын

    makasi mba

  • @Duhnuhnuh
    @Duhnuhnuh3 жыл бұрын

    “It’s also closed on Good Friday - I think you know why” 🤣💜 great video! It’s sad that there are people who feel the need to vandalize the monuments, they really ruin the experience for everyone.

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    They sure do, I hope that the Monuments all over the world get better protection so that future generations can be awed by them the way we are 🥰

  • @manuelcilia391
    @manuelcilia3912 жыл бұрын

    My parents are Maltese and you pronounce the names of the suburbs better than me

  • @massimosquecco203
    @massimosquecco2033 жыл бұрын

    Please: make a video of the Hypogeum of Hal Saflieni, which I visited for my birthday in 2019, maybe you have additional information. That place had blown my mind!

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    I've added it to the list just now 🤗 I will cover it in a future video 🥰

  • @ProbirRoyChowdhury
    @ProbirRoyChowdhury3 жыл бұрын

    It seems you are very dedicative.Your contents are pretty good. You will become a big youtuber if you want x.🙂

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @letteciakratz1592
    @letteciakratz15923 жыл бұрын

    Great video, thank you Kayleigh! I've been to these temples twice and am fascinated. Always learning more. Do you recall where you found the info about the markings on the stone at Mnajdra with details about moon cycles?

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hey Lettecia, i was fascinated by this incredible structure. If i go back into my script i can for sure find the section of the moon cycles through the sources i have used. Of course the cycles have never been 100% confirmed but it's accepted as such until evidence proves otherwise. You can shoot me an email on k-lee__@hotmail.com and I'll get back to you there🙂

  • @tomredd9025
    @tomredd90252 жыл бұрын

    Here in Michigan, U.S.A., we have a large rock formation that contains ancient native American petroglyphs. These are the only rock carvings in Michigan and are precious to us. The stone is also soft and there was some vandalism, so the State of Michigan built a shelter over the petroglyphs. Unfortunately, the shelter provides a cool dark space that hold moisture in. This is a good environment for green moss and mold. I am not sure what is worse, the erosion or the moss. I hope that there isn't a similar problem with this incredible and profoundly important Maltese temple complex. It is by the sea and I am sure gets lost of moisture.

  • @denisefalzon8446

    @denisefalzon8446

    2 жыл бұрын

    a.

  • @denisefalzon8446

    @denisefalzon8446

    2 жыл бұрын

    The internal moveable stone decorations are replicas as the original ones are at the Archaelogy Museum in Valletta.

  • @versusvirtue
    @versusvirtue2 жыл бұрын

    hi just wanted to say if you use ex: hagar qim you feel the g like really strong! and filfa the a at the end is also strong

  • @georgealearnedjr855
    @georgealearnedjr8552 жыл бұрын

    Yep, I am a "Old Moon", 😃

  • @gavinadocherty6866
    @gavinadocherty68663 жыл бұрын

    Hi 👋

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hello! 🤗

  • @harbinger200
    @harbinger2002 жыл бұрын

    Did they find the tools used to build the megalithic rocks?

  • @lallyoisin
    @lallyoisin3 жыл бұрын

    Some monuments in Ireland are more equal than others unfortunately 😕 Malta is fascinating; nice job! I'm always curious as to why Rome wanted to delete the Phoenicians without a trace. The Phoenician rosetta stone was found on Malta (under water). Worth mentioning Bel was a deity in Ireland. Phoenicians had Baal. Baalbek has 1400++ tonne blocks as you know. Belarus the country. Belenus sun god of Erin. Phoenicians revered the snake too! many coincidences around the world and I haven't even looked at my notes c ya!

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Oh yeah, definitely a lot of connections throughout civilizations, very awesome stuff to look at 🤗 I'm gonna start a new series called Fact or Fiction? In which I will look into theories, myths and legends and see what I can find as factual evidence behind the theories and such. Those videos will be a bit shorter than these in depth videos, but that way I can still upload something for you to watch while I'm working on the in depth videos 🤗

  • @lallyoisin

    @lallyoisin

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@HistoryWithKayleigh the sensationalist click bait material. right up my alley! you'd be surprised what you'd learn from the comments. best of luck!

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    We're gonna have a lot of fun in those videos🤗

  • @lallyoisin

    @lallyoisin

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@HistoryWithKayleigh you'll have me stirring the history stew too! 😉 🧙🏻‍♂️🐍🇮🇪

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Always welcome haha, but you know that! The more the merrier and stirring up a pot can be fun🤗

  • @Deeznutz002
    @Deeznutz0022 жыл бұрын

    Carney island's would make a good project.

  • @spiritualsanware1474
    @spiritualsanware14743 жыл бұрын

    Hi sister

  • @NGC-catseye
    @NGC-catseye3 жыл бұрын

    It makes me cranky when I hear about idiots committing needless vandalism 🤬 But then to here you raise awareness on such an important topic gives me hope 😊 I realise the topic was the most important part of the video, but it’s a shame you didn’t mention the signing cave temples. Magikal Acoustics🎶💓

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    I will be looking into more monuments in Malta in the future 🤗 I did mention the acoustics of stonehenge in my stonehenge landscape video ☺️ If I come across such information in my research i will mention it in the video 🥰

  • @NGC-catseye

    @NGC-catseye

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@HistoryWithKayleigh thanks that would be great. We have singing black stones here in Australia.

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Oh Australia! I'm going to start some preliminary research on Australia soon, I hope to one day have covered monuments of all continents and maybe when I'm old I hope to have covered them all. Although that might me impossible knowing that Ireland and the UK have more than 1000 of them 🤭🤗

  • @PhoenixLyon

    @PhoenixLyon

    3 жыл бұрын

    Yes.....Magickal Acoustics....absolutely fascinating! Consider this; every person speaking from a church pulpit owes their place to our ancestors and their study of acoustics, due to how cathedrals and churches use their architecture to enhance a voice from the pulpit. As mentioned in comments on another of Kayleigh's videos, (Stonehenge, New Grange or maybe Carrowkeel[?]) isn't it curious how churches echo passage tombs in layout? Oh, how I wish for a library card for the Akashic Library! LOL Seriously though, I would love to see archeoacoustics placed next to archeoastronomy and given some credence. Sound affects us in strange ways, and our ancestors knew all the tricks, it seems.✌😸

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    I agree haha, i do use the church layout in this video to explain the shape of the temple, the churches are still constructed with these shapes because of the acoustics 🤗

  • @realkingofantarctica
    @realkingofantarctica Жыл бұрын

    The Temples, Marideurial

  • @jean-pierredevent970
    @jean-pierredevent9703 жыл бұрын

    Those round lines and shapes give it a non European impression imho (very humble) I think therefore the temples are built by North Africans who perhaps lived in Europe too at that time. It's of course also possible that these people were real Europeans but living in a culture we can't imagine anymore. I tend to compare with Mycene where you see straight lines but there is indeed perhaps two thousand years in between.

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    It's most likely build by people from Sicily, but there have been North African skeletons found as well from around the same age. So both assumptions have some weight to it 🤗

  • @jean-pierredevent970

    @jean-pierredevent970

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@HistoryWithKayleigh Thank you for the reply. In my wild fantasy, those famous much older Venus figurines look "African' too. The Cheddar man reconstruction does look almost African with that dark skin but calling him African is not right at all I guess. I would be interesting to see if straight lines are typically European and if round chambers are really so rare in European archeology or even in Göbekli Tepe. Most likely not. Fantasy is no good guide to knowledge.

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    Not sure either, i know round lines were used 5300 years ago in Ireland, so Europeans definitely did use round lines..

  • @jean-pierredevent970

    @jean-pierredevent970

    3 жыл бұрын

    Who knows the building materials (especially the strong, very hard coral stones available were not easy to work with so long, straight stones were difficult to get) .

  • @HistoryWithKayleigh

    @HistoryWithKayleigh

    3 жыл бұрын

    That's true, they managed to work the stones really well for their temples 🤗

  • @polygonalmasonary
    @polygonalmasonary Жыл бұрын

    I think you made an error at the beginning of this excellent video. Malta's capital is 'Valletta', which is the smallest national capital in the European Union by area and population. Hope you don't mind me correcting this error? IMO, American people (Mainly Republicans) believe everything they see or hear on the internet as if it's gospel truth 🙂

  • @gabriellebernard198
    @gabriellebernard198 Жыл бұрын

    Very interesting. But please rethink the eyebrows.

  • @gruzifigs

    @gruzifigs

    Жыл бұрын

    i thiught the same haha

  • @merlinwizard1000
    @merlinwizard1000 Жыл бұрын

    89th, 26 March 2023

  • @Rastafarai805
    @Rastafarai805 Жыл бұрын

    I would like to get my filthy hands on those vandals. As a member of Clan O’Niell I am horrified that our collective heritage is being tarnished by ignorant hotheads.

  • @nathan_abela
    @nathan_abela2 ай бұрын

    I will argue that the Phoenicians are the 'Post Temple' Bronze Age People... And furthermore, the Temple People themselves. - The Phoenicians are the original Maltese... - Owners, operators, and shipbuilding experts of the Mediterannean Sea. You only have to analyse the Maltese today against all findings of the Temple People... - 100% Cultural Consistency. - That cannot possibly be a coincidence. - A culture must die out if what is claimed about the 2300BC period is remotely true.