Mindscape 134 | Robert Sapolsky on Why We Behave the Way We Do

Ғылым және технология

Patreon: / seanmcarroll
A common argument against free will is that human behavior is not freely chosen, but rather determined by a number of factors. So what are those factors, anyway? There’s no one better equipped to answer this question than Robert Sapolsky, a leading psychoneurobiologist who has studied human behavior from a variety of angles. In this conversation we follow the path Sapolsky sets out in his bestselling book Behave, where he examines the influences on our behavior from a variety of timescales, from the very short (signals from the amygdala) to the quite ancient (genetic factors tracing back tens of thousands of years and more). It’s a dizzying tour that helps us understand the complexity of human action.
Robert Sapolsky received his Ph.D. in neuroendocrinology from Rockefeller University. He is currently the John and Cynthia Fry Gunn Professor of Biology, Neurology, and Neurosurgery at Stanford University. His awards include a MacArthur Fellowship, the McGovern Award from the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and Wonderfest’s Carl Sagan Prize for Science Popularization.
Blog post with audio player, show notes, and transcript: www.preposterousuniverse.com/...
Mindscape Podcast playlist: • Mindscape Podcast
#podcast #ideas #science #philosophy #culture

Пікірлер: 558

  • @benyamin6085
    @benyamin60853 жыл бұрын

    Finally the GOAT, Robert Sapolsky

  • @thenewtowncryer

    @thenewtowncryer

    3 жыл бұрын

    Sapolsky is absolutely worthy of the title, but Chomsky will always be my #1 GOAT. Shout out to Keekorok.

  • @winryanYouTube

    @winryanYouTube

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@thenewtowncryer There is no GOAT you silly pleb. Stop being simple.

  • @SnoopGotTheScoop

    @SnoopGotTheScoop

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@winryanKZread the DUDE from the big lebowski is the GOAT

  • @thenewtowncryer

    @thenewtowncryer

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@winryanKZread your nasty comment is unprovoked and speaks volumes not only about your character, but the character of the people who raised you....and...you happen to be wrong, but being wrong is the least of your problems. Keep it up.

  • @mikemoss2275

    @mikemoss2275

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@thenewtowncryer All of you need to read : Behave !

  • @JSambrook
    @JSambrook3 жыл бұрын

    I think I will always be grateful for Robert Sapolsky’s work. His Stanford lecture series is gold.

  • @thenewtowncryer

    @thenewtowncryer

    2 жыл бұрын

    solid gold!

  • @aspektx

    @aspektx

    Жыл бұрын

    Opened an entirely new world to me.

  • @tonyanthony5582

    @tonyanthony5582

    11 ай бұрын

    I agree pure Gold 4sure

  • @tombrennan85

    @tombrennan85

    9 ай бұрын

    😅😅😅😅

  • @MrManny075

    @MrManny075

    3 ай бұрын

    for those who want to avoid reality or let's say responsibility for their actions.

  • @ytinformes2
    @ytinformes23 жыл бұрын

    My favorite theoretical physicist interviewing my favorite neuroscientist. Pinch me someone, I am dreaming.

  • @blaeks

    @blaeks

    3 жыл бұрын

    marry me

  • @bigbrownsound

    @bigbrownsound

    3 жыл бұрын

    You beat me to it!

  • @alha6424

    @alha6424

    3 жыл бұрын

    l)/l)l@@blaeks)l

  • @Amethyst_Friend

    @Amethyst_Friend

    2 жыл бұрын

    Where are you? If you're in the UK a pinching could be arranged.

  • @TR-lb4om

    @TR-lb4om

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@blaeks waah bhai.!

  • @Emanresu56
    @Emanresu563 жыл бұрын

    I see Sapolsky, I hit like.

  • @Toocrash

    @Toocrash

    3 жыл бұрын

    ..same..

  • @wayfa13

    @wayfa13

    3 жыл бұрын

    I too have no free will

  • @KirilIliev_Utube

    @KirilIliev_Utube

    3 жыл бұрын

    ... me too. I hit like before I scrolled to the comments. Sapolsky is so right :)

  • @lancewalker2595

    @lancewalker2595

    3 жыл бұрын

    That's not very scientific.

  • @Emanresu56

    @Emanresu56

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@lancewalker2595 At the same time science isn't a religion. For example, liking music or art (or specific genres of music/styles of art, specific artists, etc) isn't a very scientific thing either. But I still like music and art and have preferences for those things. Likewise there's nothing logically preventing us from having favorite scientists.

  • @fakename4683
    @fakename46833 жыл бұрын

    Sapolsky gave a lecture in depression that finally convinced me to see a doc. It changed my life. Thank you!

  • @sakuraa2008

    @sakuraa2008

    2 жыл бұрын

    Please, Where can I find it?

  • @blasramones4515

    @blasramones4515

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@sakuraa2008 I Believe Is This One: kzread.info/dash/bejne/gIN1ydKll7felsY.html

  • @lindakautzman7388

    @lindakautzman7388

    Жыл бұрын

    @@sakuraa2008 Google robert sapolsky on youtube.KZread. a series of 22 lectures given to Stanford student were video taped and made free to the public on KZread.. one of the lectures is on depression.

  • @mozartsbumbumsrus7750

    @mozartsbumbumsrus7750

    Жыл бұрын

    Sapolsky admits to serious deep clinical depression so, he should know a thing or three about it as he's very well placed!

  • @JRBNinetynine-mf6gy

    @JRBNinetynine-mf6gy

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@@mozartsbumbumsrus7750 Take walk for a mile in my shoes. Edit. Was this misunderstood? It was supposed to suggest having experienced something one knows it better.

  • @NoActuallyGo-KCUF-Yourself
    @NoActuallyGo-KCUF-Yourself3 жыл бұрын

    I rewatch the Sapolsky psychology lectures every year or two; they are so good!

  • @ZippyLeroux

    @ZippyLeroux

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@sailorr4287 can you elaborate please?

  • @arcticwolf6402

    @arcticwolf6402

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@ZippyLeroux he can't

  • @johnnyringo7928

    @johnnyringo7928

    3 жыл бұрын

    Myself as well

  • @userNo31909580

    @userNo31909580

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@ZippyLeroux Even if he won't, remember that we like Sapolsky for how interesting he is as a speaker. That ability doesn't necessarily reflect better ability as a scientist.

  • @ZippyLeroux

    @ZippyLeroux

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@userNo31909580 I watch Sapolsky for what I interpret as profound scientific rigour, which has been demonstrated over a lifetime of work... That guy's blase statement about Sapolsky being careless is uniquely bizarre and deserving of further exploration... I can read and understand 'behave' but I can't do the chemistry, biology, and statistics upon which it is based. So maybe sailor knows something I don't.

  • @mikemoss2275
    @mikemoss22753 жыл бұрын

    Finally he invited the most inspiring neurobiologist Thumbs Up Sean

  • @winryanYouTube
    @winryanYouTube3 жыл бұрын

    One of my fav humans walking the earth. Thanks for having him on. Good talk!

  • @mysterymaverick1982

    @mysterymaverick1982

    3 жыл бұрын

    Mine too was just saying how smart this guy is and it's people like him and Paul stamets who could change the world.

  • @xploringangel4705
    @xploringangel47053 жыл бұрын

    Let’s admire how incredible of a speaker Robert Sapolsky is, seriously!

  • @blaeks
    @blaeks3 жыл бұрын

    So I suggest _both_ text and audio, while walking through Sapolsky's 'Behave'. Lazer focus, pure transformative knowledge. My life is completely transformed into something completely different over the years after I digested all these lectures for the first time. It is really transformative. I am lucky to be alive, lucky to write this, lucky to exchange with similar people. Al my 'social' networks are full of support, knowledge and radical exchange. So, it IS possible. Stay cool, and optionally remain baboon-like as much as possible;)

  • @sarahbujtas9864
    @sarahbujtas98643 жыл бұрын

    "One of the things that we've been taught over these last four years is that you can't reason somebody out of a stance that they weren't reasoned into in the first place."

  • @pleroma49

    @pleroma49

    3 жыл бұрын

    You noticed...🤣

  • @jamesdewane1642

    @jamesdewane1642

    3 жыл бұрын

    And this a few seconds later. "... they probably feel that way because they've gotten some crappy deal along the way." If Sapolsky is anywhere near as smart as he gets credit for, he knows everything he said connected to "the last four years" can be heard in more than one way. Plenty of irrationality all around. Even most con men are acting out some kind if wound. If Sapolsky believes his own insight, he would advocate for looking into the crappy deals in everyone's past, and not allow his audience to assume they're in the right while others are wrong.

  • @naturallaw1733

    @naturallaw1733

    3 жыл бұрын

    Love that quote.. 👌

  • @naturallaw1733

    @naturallaw1733

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@SuperSlik50 😫 😩 🥺

  • @kynikoi_6867

    @kynikoi_6867

    2 жыл бұрын

    "No rational argument will have a rational effect on a man who does not want to adopt a rational attitude." -Karl Popper

  • @alphacentiari
    @alphacentiari3 жыл бұрын

    Great guest great conversation Sean! Nothing more entertaining than listening to two intellectual beings having a conversation!

  • @shantumjha804
    @shantumjha8043 жыл бұрын

    Sapolsky enlightens every time.

  • @DeepBlueWho
    @DeepBlueWho3 жыл бұрын

    Jokes on you, Sean Carroll!! I’ve actually watched the 76ers on mute, while listening to an episode of Mindscape! Therefore, not having to choose between watching a basketball game, or listening to a podcast 😛

  • @danieljakubik3428
    @danieljakubik34283 жыл бұрын

    Fascinating and thought provoking! I quickly became an admirer of Robert Sapolsky with this podcast.

  • @Amir-vw6rk
    @Amir-vw6rk3 жыл бұрын

    Finally!!!!!!! Ive been waiting for this episode for my whole life

  • @mrloop1530

    @mrloop1530

    3 жыл бұрын

    Pretty impressive for a two year old. You should pad yourself on the back 😋

  • @Amir-vw6rk

    @Amir-vw6rk

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@mrloop1530 )))

  • @jeremydoerksen5988

    @jeremydoerksen5988

    3 жыл бұрын

    Right?

  • @AlanWil2
    @AlanWil23 жыл бұрын

    Sapolsky's Stanford videos are good brainfood. Two thumbs up!

  • @NoActuallyGo-KCUF-Yourself

    @NoActuallyGo-KCUF-Yourself

    3 жыл бұрын

    Absolute gold!

  • @thenewtowncryer

    @thenewtowncryer

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@NoActuallyGo-KCUF-Yourself Solid Gold!

  • @thenewtowncryer

    @thenewtowncryer

    3 жыл бұрын

    Yes!

  • @youmothershouldknow4905

    @youmothershouldknow4905

    3 жыл бұрын

    Best thing in all media, internet or otherwise: Sapolsky 2010 Human Behavioral Biology course on KZread. The only thing that could possibly be better is a 2021 version of the course.

  • @patricksee10
    @patricksee103 жыл бұрын

    Gee some one who knows what is really going on. I can rest easy now, thanks Sean and Robert for sorting this all out for the crowd

  • @Drunk3nMonk3y72
    @Drunk3nMonk3y722 жыл бұрын

    Two of the greatest thinkers of our time.

  • @NajibElMokhtari
    @NajibElMokhtari3 жыл бұрын

    I see Sapolsky, I hit like 2.

  • @ispearedbritney

    @ispearedbritney

    3 жыл бұрын

    Just hit it once, if you hit it twice, it will remove the first like.

  • @ferouihamza

    @ferouihamza

    3 жыл бұрын

    ta7iya a si najib

  • @arbitraryify

    @arbitraryify

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@ispearedbritney thrice works as well, just keep it to odd clicks ~

  • @BobStBubba

    @BobStBubba

    3 жыл бұрын

    I see Sapolsky, I go back to work on my long-awaited Theory of Scissors. It's a-comin', Robert, just hold on a little longer.

  • @Souljahna
    @Souljahna3 жыл бұрын

    This is a wonderful interview with the brilliant and inimitable Robert Sapolsky. Thank you so much, Sean.

  • @theWinterWalker
    @theWinterWalker3 жыл бұрын

    I have watched all of Dr. Sapolsky's Stanford Bio- lectures...... The WORLD NEEDS more Robert Sapolsky.

  • @TimLeahy2
    @TimLeahy23 жыл бұрын

    One of the best podcasts I’ve ever listened to. Thanks Sean Carroll and Robert Sapolsky!

  • @paulsass4343
    @paulsass43433 жыл бұрын

    i first came across his work through the aptly titled teaching company course "biology and behavior- the neurologic origins of individuality" and what a title !! what a body of work! i suggest everyone get all his video courses, for his teaching presentation is a work of art in itself- nevermind the enormous love and compassion he holds for humankind!!! go get all his stuff!!!

  • @hiuller
    @hiuller3 жыл бұрын

    Amazing guest! Thanks so much

  • @blaeks

    @blaeks

    3 жыл бұрын

    We all thank almighty Chaos

  • @kevingunderson8905
    @kevingunderson89053 жыл бұрын

    Been waiting years for this combination.

  • @gr500music6
    @gr500music63 жыл бұрын

    Sean, these are wonderful! Unmatched interviews by an unmatched interviewer with a golden voice.

  • @AdaptiveApeHybrid

    @AdaptiveApeHybrid

    3 жыл бұрын

    His voice is smooth as butter tbh. He could have been a TV host too imo

  • @Iyad46gamer
    @Iyad46gamer3 жыл бұрын

    What a precious gift!

  • @blaeks

    @blaeks

    3 жыл бұрын

    Chaos is good to us this pandemic I see

  • @doglabdogtraining-gus.8873
    @doglabdogtraining-gus.88733 жыл бұрын

    Robert one of the best teachers and scientists of our generation.

  • @GeoffGroves
    @GeoffGroves3 жыл бұрын

    YES! Thanks for getting Robert on your show Sean.

  • @jeremydoerksen5988
    @jeremydoerksen59883 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for interviewing Robert Sapolsky, Sean! Love the interview!

  • @mushtaqbhat1895
    @mushtaqbhat18953 жыл бұрын

    Thanks Sean for bringing Robert to your community. In my opinion, the book " Behave" should become a compulsory reading for lawyers,. judges, judiciary, legislators, polticians and perhaps in simpler form for primary education around the globe. It is what Euclid is to Mathematics, a compendium of much of what we know, think we know, believe to know about human nature. Although Robert has never explicitly dedicated much time to the sociological works of Emile Durkheim, Max Weber or for that matter Karl-Marx, which is not surprising, since he is an American, he nevertheless is well acquainted with the works of anglo-saxon anthropologist, who have based much of their work on continental sociology. No USA has produced no truly trail-blazing sociologist. Robert Sapolsky is however a trailblazer that could make a part of the continental sociology almost redundant. A must read for any daring Physicist, writting about the cosmos and the human existence. The maxim is ancient: Know thy self first!

  • @PurnamadaPurnamidam
    @PurnamadaPurnamidam7 ай бұрын

    2 people that are really really helpfull in life.

  • @nowhereman8374
    @nowhereman83743 жыл бұрын

    Thank you Dr. Carroll, may your telomeres be long, and don't let the baboons beat you down!

  • @thenewtowncryer

    @thenewtowncryer

    3 жыл бұрын

    Shout out to Keekorok!

  • @BlacksmithTWD

    @BlacksmithTWD

    3 жыл бұрын

    You really want Dr. Carrol to get cancer? Or are you just ignorant about the relation of the lenght of telomeres and Cancer?

  • @nowhereman8374

    @nowhereman8374

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@BlacksmithTWD Sapolsky RM, 2004. Organismal stress and telomeric aging: An unexpected connection. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101: 17323-17324. Sapolsky RM, Romero LM, Munck AU, 2000. How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions. Endocrine Reviews 21: 55-89.

  • @BlacksmithTWD

    @BlacksmithTWD

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@nowhereman8374 Both was another possibility of course. Thanks for your reply.

  • @patldennis

    @patldennis

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@BlacksmithTWD he phrased his witticism correctly.. in the absence of competent tumor suppression activators and mediators such as p53, short telomeres tend to promote chromosome fusion, aneuploidy and cancer. Long telomeres good. Short telomeres bad.. That's not to say chromosome fusions are all bad-it seems to have occurrd in the human germ line once with respect to other apes.

  • @sunnyy.7858
    @sunnyy.78583 жыл бұрын

    I read that book and enjoyed reading it tremendously. Grateful to be able to hear this conversation. It would be wonderful to hear a conversation between Dr. Salpolski and Dr. Barrett. 😄

  • @maddcow666ink
    @maddcow666ink2 жыл бұрын

    Two brilliant minds discussing the brilliance of nature! So delightful!!"

  • @the_neutral_container
    @the_neutral_container3 жыл бұрын

    I _literally_ opened up KZread just now to see what Sean Carroll might have been up to.

  • @miguelg4556

    @miguelg4556

    3 жыл бұрын

    Same!

  • @ExistentialistDasein
    @ExistentialistDasein3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for sharing this wonderful episode with professor Sapolsky!

  • @daviddean707

    @daviddean707

    3 жыл бұрын

    I think he may be over-rated like Stephen Hawking, for me, all psychologists reiterate Freud, Jung and Adler and is why I gave it up.

  • @blaeks

    @blaeks

    3 жыл бұрын

    ​@@daviddean707 It's the warmth of the truth he brings to us. And, remember: 'The relationship is the price you pay for the anticipation of it." ;) You, welcome;)

  • @breant20
    @breant203 жыл бұрын

    Excellent conversation! Thank you .

  • @donkifyed
    @donkifyed3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for providing a neat package to give to people as an introduction to Sapolsky’s approach. It might be more likely played than an entire book given cold as a gift would to be read.

  • @Ometecuhtli
    @Ometecuhtli3 жыл бұрын

    Two of my favorite conversationalists in one video, pressing that like button couldn't be any easier!

  • @Gennys
    @Gennys3 жыл бұрын

    Oh great! A Sapolsky interview, thanks Sean. Woot!

  • @thenewtowncryer
    @thenewtowncryer3 жыл бұрын

    Sean Carroll is one of my newer favorite thinkers, but I have to say there are things outside of his scope that I wish he would take interest in and include (e.g. human culture; in particular leadership culture). Robert Sapolsky is a long time hero of mine and can most definitely fill that gap. I can't wait to listen to this tonight. I hope it lives up to it's potential.

  • @mozartsbumbumsrus7750

    @mozartsbumbumsrus7750

    Жыл бұрын

    I've gathered a piece to the puzzle that helps Sapolsky in his dilemma and I'm looking forward to my conversation with him!

  • @HkFinn83

    @HkFinn83

    7 ай бұрын

    What is ‘leadership culture’?🤔

  • @thenewtowncryer

    @thenewtowncryer

    7 ай бұрын

    Forgive me, but you seem to be asking as if you have no clue@@HkFinn83

  • @tonymccann1978
    @tonymccann19787 ай бұрын

    The best takedown of Objectivism and so called rationalism I’ve heard. Bravo.

  • @maxwelldillon4805
    @maxwelldillon48053 жыл бұрын

    Sapolsky is the much-needed cure to the free will myth.

  • @thenewtowncryer

    @thenewtowncryer

    3 жыл бұрын

    I'm hoping you understand Sapolsky's concept of "degrees of freedom" when you say that.

  • @MrCBTman

    @MrCBTman

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@thenewtowncryer Pretty sure that "degrees of freedom" is Dan Dennett's concept.

  • @thenewtowncryer

    @thenewtowncryer

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@MrCBTman Degrees of Freedom (DOF) is a concept that exists in different domains. I originally knew it from statistics. DOF can mean different things depending on who/how it's being utilized. I took a little time to look into your reference, and didn't get a sense that DOF was being used/referenced in the same way, but I didn't take too much time. How does Dennett reference it? Sapolsky references it in relation to the frontal lobe (i.e. the bigger the frontal lobe, the more DOF).

  • @MrCBTman

    @MrCBTman

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@thenewtowncryer Interesting. Thanks for that. I think Dennett was referring to how natural selection confers more or less freedom of choice to a species. A dog has a greater degree of freedom than a honeybee, which has more than a bacterium. With our ability to reason, discuss, and plan our actions, humans have the most freedom of all.

  • @thenewtowncryer

    @thenewtowncryer

    3 жыл бұрын

    ​@@MrCBTman that is exactly how Sapolsky references it. Perhaps Saplosky got it from Dennett or vice versa. Either way, I think it is an important concept relating to FREE WIll vs DETERMINISM in the domain of biology which is where it belongs. The discussion extends to predisposition does not necessarily equal predetermination. It's nice to exchange thoughts with someone who is not a troll of sorts.

  • @johnnyringo7928
    @johnnyringo79283 жыл бұрын

    😲 Sean pulled one of my favorite minds, Sapolsky. Well played.

  • @davidalbares5950
    @davidalbares59503 ай бұрын

    I really wish Sean would debate/argue/discuss with Sapolsky his book Determined. I’d be interested to see how he maintains his Compatabilism

  • @adelvoid1530
    @adelvoid15303 жыл бұрын

    I read his book and it's simply amazing.

  • @BrianCarey
    @BrianCarey3 жыл бұрын

    Fabulous chat thanks to you both!

  • @infinitumneo840
    @infinitumneo8403 жыл бұрын

    Nero research is leading to profound insights on many levels of understanding. One how genetics and environment influences our decisions in combination with our biochemistry. I've heard it said, "In times of stressful events we resort to our training" (or lack thereof). It curtainly is a complex dance between awareness and and inherented constructs. Excellent interview with Dr. Sapolsky.

  • @MicahBuzanANIMATION
    @MicahBuzanANIMATION2 жыл бұрын

    Robert Sapolsky chills me out the way explains things in a calm, though-out manner.

  • @andrear.berndt9504
    @andrear.berndt95043 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the great episode and congrats for 130k subscribers ! Absolutely deserved!

  • @austinfox5268
    @austinfox52683 жыл бұрын

    Finally! Was waiting for this podcast

  • @DaveSimkus
    @DaveSimkus3 жыл бұрын

    What an excellent episode! Thank You Sean!

  • @megankinnaird9372
    @megankinnaird93722 жыл бұрын

    Favorite podcast by far. Will have to buy his book.

  • @lindakautzman7388

    @lindakautzman7388

    Жыл бұрын

    BUY THE BOOK, BUT ALSO CHECK HIS STANFORD LECTURES ON KZread...22 CLASSES VIDEO TAPED AND FREE

  • @BobBogaert
    @BobBogaert3 жыл бұрын

    Our favorite friendly ethologist! Yaay!

  • @fredbuckles919
    @fredbuckles919 Жыл бұрын

    I and my wife are great fans of Sean Carroll as Particle Physicist also nice to see his stretch into other subjects.

  • @vitostan3134
    @vitostan31343 жыл бұрын

    This was an amazing podcast. Both are brilliant. Thank you.

  • @christinley5213
    @christinley52133 жыл бұрын

    Holy shit... 2 of my favorite people on one podcast!! I love both of you... with no free will in a quantum state!! Lol

  • @moonbeanification
    @moonbeanification3 жыл бұрын

    "You can't *reason* somebody out of a stance that they weren't reasoned *into* in the first place... You can't reason people out of stuff that is just based on the most visceral of emotions."

  • @Vlasko60

    @Vlasko60

    2 жыл бұрын

    Sam Harris cites many instances of people being reasoned out of religious beliefs that they were not reasoned in to.

  • @mozartsbumbumsrus7750

    @mozartsbumbumsrus7750

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Vlasko60 Sapolsky was subjected to daily orthodox religion until age 13 when he realized that there is no god

  • @matevzg
    @matevzg3 жыл бұрын

    Another splendid discussion!

  • @happyactivehealthy100years4
    @happyactivehealthy100years43 жыл бұрын

    As all contributions I have ever seen from Sean, also this video is a brilliant contribution to the growth of human knowledge, and hence the growth of human wisdom and truth. I like the statement by Robert on researchers that see the solution single-dimensional, while the answer is multi-dimensional. “If all you have is a hammer, the answer always looks like a nail”. Both Sean and Robert take very good care of having the right set of high quality tools in their mental toolbox, and not just a few “hammers”. This goes along with the “fact” that generalist are better in the solution of complex problems. Especially if those problems are so fundamental that the correct solution has to consider that everything is entangled with everything. The secret lies in the right level of entanglement, which people often have wrong by ten orders of magnitude or more. This wrong level of entanglement, together with a wrong “model” of the system (believe-system) is an impediment to the growth of human knowledge, wisdom and truth. With my comment I want to contribute to the answer to the question of “free will”, which was one of the first questions in this video. On a meta level the two areas, Sean and Robert research, are very similar. Just compare Newton questions: “Why does the apple fall?” with the question Robert posed: “Why did you floss your upper right tooth first?” The answers to both questions are basically the same: Because there is a “quantum field”, whatever that really is, and then the “waves or components” of this system just behaved as they do, to cluster into, what we perceive as elements (atoms), which then cluster into bigger chunks of elements and so on. For this process of clustering it needs “dynamics” or “movement”. Hint: I describe life as “dynamic” and death as “static”. This is true for a human life, but also at any microscopic level in the universe. When elements have the ability to move they will create clusters, except they would in the next move, just move back into the exact former position. I would call this “pseudo-static”, ie. also death. What I now describe is a fractal mechanism which creates, starting with the big-bang, within several steps more and more INTELLIGENT clusters or “things”. Note: The steps could be more or less granular. I just happened used this granularity, because it seems right for the present scope. Step1: non-intelligent generation of elements Step2: non-intelligent generation of galaxies, stars and planets Result of Step2: In some very rare occasions the created clusters were planets with water. On the planet earth this same intrinsic mechanism of “things” that can move, created amino acids (organic material). Step3: (non-intelligent) In this self contained relatively stable sub-system, called earth, a still random process created by chance a structure that showed for the first time something we can call intelligence. Why do I call this “intelligent”? Because for the first time there was a “thing” that was able to copy itself. The first version of a gene 🧬. For a long time this copy mechanism went on. So now “things” do not only have a possibility to move, but also to copy themselves. The world’s toolbox now had two tools: 1) non-intelligent move (accordant to the quantum field) and 2) copying specific “things” (substances) By the way, the IQ of this first intelligence is very low. Maybe 0,00000001 :-) Result of Step3: Sufficient organic material with a distribution of material depending on how successful or efficient the copying works for the specific material. Step4: By chance a cluster of organic material remained together and also moved together. These now bigger “things” obeyed again to the same mechanism, where the more successful and efficient “things” multiply more rapidly and hence after many generations the more successful things outnumbered the less successful things. Let’s call this mechanism selection (Darwin). The cluster that was able to sense the conditions of the environment and behave accordingly multiplied better. This mechanism we can definitely call intelligence. But still it is maybe just an IQ of 0,00001 :-) Result of Step4: We now have a lot of “cells” that successfully sense the environment. This is a big achievement, because it is the invention of the biological transistor. A small part of the cell controls (switches) what the whole cell does. Step5: We now have all the prerequisites for the evolutionary creation of the brain. Note: As this comment gets too long I will skip some steps in my effort to serialize in words my model which I have in my brain. Result of Step5: Humans have developed a brain composed of mainly 3 brains. Reptile, limbic system and neo cortex. The limbic system is the boss. The neo cortex the slave. The behavior of the limbic system is implemented via “visions” that the limbic system wants to be realized. The limbic system asks the neo cortex to fulfill the vision. By the way, the evolution of intelligence has not stopped. We humans have started to create AI which is much more powerful and also very effective in transferring models without this huge serialization overhead you are just now experiencing in my comment... AI may even be able to control the fate of the universe if it succeeds to create a sufficient ratio between matter that controls and matter that is being controlled, i.e. the transistor mechanism. The second law of thermodynamics can be overcome even on a global scale with intelligence and the transistor paradigm. And finally I can come to “free will”. There is no free will, but humans in general will not notice If they should notice, i.e. understand why there is no free will, it does not make any difference. Well, if you commit suicide because you are so frustrated not to have a free will, ok, then it makes a difference... but only indirectly. The explanation why we habe no free will, is in the process of the creation of intelligence, which I explained in the first 95% of this comment. Ups. Anybody still reading? Sorry, I wanted to make a small comment on “free will”, but it, as very often, turns out to be a “water Lilli” question/answer, where when you pull on one leaf you pull out the entire plant covering the lake, as all leaves are entangled. What a great time and place to live in...

  • @lindakautzman7388

    @lindakautzman7388

    Жыл бұрын

    LOVED YOUR ESSAY..THANKS FOR V THE EFFORT

  • @mozartsbumbumsrus7750

    @mozartsbumbumsrus7750

    Жыл бұрын

    Sapolsky's writing a book on quantum...

  • @Littleprinceleon

    @Littleprinceleon

    Жыл бұрын

    How would you define or at least roughly describe the *free will"?

  • @Littleprinceleon

    @Littleprinceleon

    Жыл бұрын

    Crystals copy themselves all the time ...

  • @doublesandtrips
    @doublesandtrips3 жыл бұрын

    Finally. I've been waiting for this!

  • @mattgraves3709
    @mattgraves370911 ай бұрын

    I absolutely love Robert and his work. I am not sold completely on the idea however but love to ponder and learn more about why we do things.

  • @jpick319
    @jpick3192 жыл бұрын

    Two brilliant men, one brilliant conversation.

  • @Bostonceltics1369
    @Bostonceltics13693 жыл бұрын

    Powerful and Insightful, thank you.

  • @miguelg4556
    @miguelg45563 жыл бұрын

    Can't believe this didn't show up as a notification, of ALL things. Guess I'll have to click the bell.

  • @AtypicalPaul
    @AtypicalPaul Жыл бұрын

    Wonderful conversation. Very insightful

  • @elmerfudd5193
    @elmerfudd5193 Жыл бұрын

    Profess. Watched all your videos on-line….. Thank You

  • @matthijsborgdorff7766
    @matthijsborgdorff77663 жыл бұрын

    Oh boy what a treat!

  • @ryanlyle9201
    @ryanlyle92013 жыл бұрын

    Carrol and Sapolsky. Instant like.

  • @shamaldandekar1359
    @shamaldandekar13593 жыл бұрын

    This episode is the highlight of the show.

  • @Intuitioncalling
    @Intuitioncalling3 жыл бұрын

    Best mindscape episode ever

  • @raamer
    @raamer3 жыл бұрын

    Great stuff, Sean

  • @sajidhaniff01
    @sajidhaniff013 жыл бұрын

    Thanks, much appreciated, Very interesting discussion!

  • @AdaptiveApeHybrid
    @AdaptiveApeHybrid3 жыл бұрын

    Oh man, what a fucking treat! I love Sapolsky so much. I've listened to every lecture of his that I can find. I have genuinely not been this excited for a podcast guest since Lisa Feldman's last appearance on Lex Fridman. Great work Sean! Also, I agree with Robert on free will! There's nothing pointing to it besides intuition and, since this is a physics podcast in part, we all know how vastly wrong human intuitions can be! Everything points in the other direction! A spooky thought but I think that's a poor reason to dismiss the likelihood! Someone get Robert Sapolsky and Lisa Feldman to debate free will!

  • @jellyicecream3324

    @jellyicecream3324

    2 жыл бұрын

    Sapolsky has taken me beyond myself and I'm very grateful. 🇮🇪💚🇮🇪

  • @viky293
    @viky2933 жыл бұрын

    It's kind of scary at times I feel how true is the statement "Ignorance is a bliss" Please make an episode why do we still have problems when we know so much. I am not awaiting for answers but it's food for thought.

  • @naturallaw1733

    @naturallaw1733

    3 жыл бұрын

    probably something to do with how people's Ideologies affect their Neurobiology. and what benefits they receive from it by way of their Ignorance.

  • @Vlasko60

    @Vlasko60

    2 жыл бұрын

    One simple reason humans have so many problems is that we evolved to be hunter-gatherers and biologically we mostly still are. We did not evolve for modernity, so it may never feel right. The faster society changes, the more we feel disconnected. Same reason a chimpanzee in a zoo never feels quite right, no matter how many toys, or companions, or improvements to it's environment. It is still not natural.

  • @georgemccaffery3260
    @georgemccaffery32603 жыл бұрын

    Fantastic! I've really been hoping to hear a conversation with Sapolsky for quite some time.

  • @NP1066
    @NP10663 жыл бұрын

    Concerning the point about Gods and religion's evolutionary aspect, when he mentioned Josef Henrich and his colleagues. I really really suggest you interview Ara Norenzayan who's written the book "Big Gods: How Religion Transformed Cooperation and Conflict" which talks exactly about the points Sapolsky was making. In fact I'm pretty sure he was referencing him, which is great. Please! It'd be amazing if you met him!

  • @ikesau
    @ikesau3 жыл бұрын

    As mentioned at 1:12:04, the Joseph Henrich episode is really good too

  • @NN-wc7dl
    @NN-wc7dl3 жыл бұрын

    Great discussion! Thanks!

  • @ReneBroekhoven
    @ReneBroekhoven3 жыл бұрын

    I was halfway in his book Behave, but is quite long (and lots of interesting details and interesting side remarks) and left it fort too long on the table. Very nice talk now with a very insightful person. Now ready tot attack the rest of the book.

  • @brankooffice
    @brankooffice3 жыл бұрын

    Great one!

  • @itstoogooditswaytoogood3211
    @itstoogooditswaytoogood32113 жыл бұрын

    best episode yet

  • @itheuserfirst3186
    @itheuserfirst31863 жыл бұрын

    I love Sapolsky's position on humans explaining their own motives. I've always felt that human beings tend to rationalize, and complicate their decision making in order to justify base reasonings. In other words, as complicated as we can be, we do tend to overcomplicate our decision mkaing, and reasons for not only being, but for certain actions. I think a lot of this has to do with our level of consciousness, and feeling that we are spearate from the natural world; yet, we're not. We are animals, and we have mostly the same needs as other animals.

  • @davidrobertson7881

    @davidrobertson7881

    Жыл бұрын

    True. We are how we are because of our environment and history. not separate.. history helps. environment is in front now. also individually temporary as an individual

  • @desgreene2243
    @desgreene22432 жыл бұрын

    excellent podcast!

  • @nirvonna
    @nirvonna6 ай бұрын

    Quote: “Free will is just the biology we haven’t discovered yet.” Love it. I’m with Sapolsky 100% in being a “hard incompatibilist.”

  • @tomekczajka

    @tomekczajka

    3 ай бұрын

    That sounds like the compatibilist position though. An incompatibilist says "free will doesn't exist" rather than "free will is [...]".

  • @nirvonna

    @nirvonna

    3 ай бұрын

    @@tomekczajka I don’t take Sapolsky’s line, “Free will is just the biology we haven’t discovered yet” as literally meaning that there is actually free will hidden in biology that’s yet to be discovered. I take it as completely disputing the notion of free will. He means to say that anyone who still believes in free will has not yet fully realized the biological mechanisms of behavior that create the illusion of free will. He is in effect saying that free will does not exist.

  • @tomekczajka

    @tomekczajka

    3 ай бұрын

    @@nirvonna I know that he wanted to say (and says elsewhere) that free will doesn't exist. But I'm pointing out that this particular sentence shows what is really going on: free will is a real phenomenon that is reducible to simpler biological phenomena. Sapolsky likes to say it means it doesn't exist, but that makes as much sense as saying that water doesn't exist because water is "just" atoms of hydrogen and oxygen.

  • @philipc7273
    @philipc72733 жыл бұрын

    30:15 Well that escalated quickly

  • @whatfffd
    @whatfffd2 жыл бұрын

    Our emotional state nearly always overrides any cognitive awareness when a decision is in progress. To survive is our one true purpose and our immediate environment is the primary influencer. Our conscious fills In the blanks when multiple options are available. This is the only rational thought process but we are tricked into believing this all happens cognitively.

  • @garyraab9132
    @garyraab91323 жыл бұрын

    Amazing! Amazing is the emergence of the biggest ideas in the universe, from a mindscape of quantum fields, in a functioning brain, self-assembled from the standard model of reality. Emergent complexity that strives to understand the complexity of self… and others… and all else! Such beauty when used wisely. CERN fMRI Yet such destructiveness when bathed in ignorance… “There is no scientific study more vital to man than the study of his own brain. Our entire view of the universe depends on it.” ― Francis Crick

  • @TheEtAdmirer
    @TheEtAdmirer3 жыл бұрын

    How is that even a difficult problem, To me there is no question. Science all day every day. Omg I just got into Roberts lectures over at stanford last week,Great stuff.

  • @sven-erikviira1872
    @sven-erikviira18722 жыл бұрын

    1:22:21 - That kind of anecdotes mr Sapolsky injects are my absolute favourites.

  • @laidman2007
    @laidman20079 ай бұрын

    RS can hold his own on any platform. I would have liked to heard more from him.

  • @elgaro
    @elgaro3 жыл бұрын

    49:32 what maturing means at a neurological level is mind blowing

  • @aresmars2003
    @aresmars20033 жыл бұрын

    For me all of this only matters to me when I have conflict with people. How do you judge someone else? I do think there's some sort of "moral brain" that is also a social brain that enables cooperation, but also easily gets domineering and defines other people as wrong simply for having a different perspective. I like the idea of both affective-empathy and cognitive empathy, and second enables perspective taking, so we step back from our POV and imagine another's, which can help you guess what you can do to help someone else, while unfortunately cognitive empathy can also enable manipulating others.

  • @belikan3
    @belikan3 Жыл бұрын

    Very enlightening and entertaining. And illustrates even the smartest of us are prone to error. As when Sapolsky uses "could care less".

  • @davidrobertson7881
    @davidrobertson7881 Жыл бұрын

    really good. Robert has a heap of lectures on KZread. he was younger and lecturing at Stanford. also really good

  • @rink5656
    @rink56563 жыл бұрын

    You got me covered

  • @johntenuto-motivationalcon8810
    @johntenuto-motivationalcon88105 ай бұрын

    Love your show john tenuto

  • @jamespaternoster7354
    @jamespaternoster73542 жыл бұрын

    We how care about his work akd it’s profound impact on the very very likely way in which humans actually behave and work neurobiologically and within a full spectrum of environmental causes! His book called (behave) is absolutely brilliant and enlightening to the point it should be in public libraries and national school curriculums

Келесі