Mechanized rice straw composting is an innovation that combines physical and bio-chemical processes to optimize rice straw decomposition efficiency and organic fertilizer quality. Crop residues such as wet or dry rice straw collected from the field or substrate after mushroom production are used to produce compost. This video, which is a collaboration between IRRI and the Department of Crop Production of Vietnam, provides the step-by-step process of rice straw-based composting.