Margins of Safety: Low Altitude Maneuvering
Brought to you by AOPA Insurance (insurance.aopa.org/) and made possible by the Tom Davis Fund.
Description: Maneuvering an aircraft at low altitude is something we do on every flight, without giving it much thought. While it’s not much different than maneuvering at altitude, the slow speed and low altitude decrease the margins for error. In this video, we’ll talk about how to safely maneuver aircraft down low.
Пікірлер: 126
LOL AOPA, that ending....
Honestly the ending made this video
@hamiltonhauder
3 жыл бұрын
Made it worse
@LincolnLagger
3 жыл бұрын
Why
@mob1235
3 жыл бұрын
he survived low altitude maneuvering but died falling over a step
@bowltm
2 жыл бұрын
@@hamiltonhauder there's always one person who has to shit on anothers parade
The red zone is for loading and unloading only. There is no stopping in the white zone.
@aerialexplorer772
5 жыл бұрын
No, the white zone is for loading of passengers and there is no stopping in a RED zone
@glarynth
5 жыл бұрын
Listen AerialExplorer, don't start up with your white-zone stuff again.
@Bartonovich52
4 жыл бұрын
Trivia. Those were the actual people who recorded the announcement at LAX.
@nztv8589
4 жыл бұрын
you just want me to have an abortion
@henkeH2
4 жыл бұрын
It's really the only sensible thing to do. If its done safely, therapeutically, there's no danger involved.
The visual presentation of AOA, relative wind, and INERTIA really clinched it for me. Kind of an "ah ha!" moment. Well done.
@crystalnadeau254
2 жыл бұрын
Agreed. I feel if more people had access to these types of videos, a lot more accidents could be prevented.
Good video. I really like that it discusses something that became a rather heated discussion on another board - the fact that the flight path / relative wind change is not instantaneous to the change in the control inputs/aircraft attitude. People seem to have trouble coming to grips with the fact that air is a very low viscosity medium to travel in, thus inertial energy is going to continue to move the aircraft for a brief period before the change in force from the control input become fully effective on the direction of movement (and thus the accelerated stalls). Anyone who has spent anytime in a power boat has some feel for this even though water flow is more viscous/responds faster. If nothing else, to get good visual imagery, pilots should watch a hover craft maneuvering. The change in the vehicle's attitude is nearly instantaneous to the control input. Change in the direction of travel of the hovercraft lags noticeably. It is visible since you have the ground referent to see it clearly, unlike an aircraft in flight.
@paulazemeckis7835
Жыл бұрын
Glad you compared to maneuvering in a private plane with a boat. I was brought up with speed boats, slaloming, etc. I have a feel for the powerboat (yes inboard/ outboard Mercury!!) Yes my inputs seemed very delayed and especially with the wind, water currents, and obstacles to avoid! Thank you!
I really like the little bits of humor mixed in. Well done, AOPA.
My ppl cfi insisted that I actually spin a 172 and recover several times. I assure everyone, I have no desire to bank 45 degrees uncoordinated no less with full power and hold a yoke full back ever again. The spins happened so fast and often the stall warning horn was too late.
@outwiththem
4 жыл бұрын
Spins Should be required in USA. Makes you super aware, never careless. Canada has a much better LOC accident rate than USA..
@phdtobe
3 жыл бұрын
My CFI did the same thing. But the first time he had me go through it, I temporarily blacked out on the recovery, enough so that he felt my pull of the yoke substantially relax, In fact, he had his hands loosely on the his yoke while I was performing the maneuver just for that possibility, and saved the recovery. Afterwards, despite the CFI’s encouragement to continue taking lessons, I decided to abandon getting my PPL as I thought it was too much of a risk for me to possibly black out in a real spin/stall emergency while flying solo.
@leilanirocks
Жыл бұрын
@@phdtobe Flying is a dream. But not the only dream.
That ending just cracked me up LOL
Great video, especially for those of us just learning about the physics/dynamics of flying. Thank you!
Ok I've watched a few of these vids, I'm now ready to fly.
I fly an old PA-28 Cherokee 180. A high speed pass is not something that can be done
@kylekingsberry5680
4 жыл бұрын
Gonna end up having a bird strike. From behind :)
When I was instructing in the 1980s I took students on a low flying exercise at about 150ft following a twisting river impressing upon them that at this altitude speed was their saviour should obstacles such as power lines be encountered. There were several set of power lines crossing the river in the area of the low flying exercise and the students were told to point out the lines as soon as they saw them while at the same time following the twisting river course and maintaining height
Great job, guys!
Altitude is your friend and it's always great to use it
@royhsieh4307
5 жыл бұрын
I think speed should also be your friend, if not the best friend
that ending is a good reminder of the dangers of going low and slow.
Thanks ASI for another great video. Yet another argument for adding angle of attack indicators to GA aircraft. There are a LOT of familiar scenes around KFDK, which is also my home base. I could be the model for that ending!!! Damn bifocals!
ah comparing something to a sports game ive never played or watched . I get it now ! good video though . I always learn a lot from this channel
Thanks for posting...
Great common sense video. Showing off can buy you a short span in many ares of life. I had the chance to see a stunt pilot practicing at his home airport while traveling a few years ago. Once l found out it was a professional, and not a suicidal pilot getting ready for a target, it was pretty cool. He had a biplane he took high up to do a number of repeated tricks for an upcoming fair in another area.
Good video. I have enjoyed this site and watch it keeping in mind "this could be me". If I was a CFI or CFII I would have my students watch a series of these useful videos and test on that knowledge regularly . Over my years of flying I have learned many useful safety tips. Most of them came from my AF father of 30+ years of flying many aircraft. Flying low can get you in trouble and like boats the plane does not react like a Formula 1 car on a track. The plane takes time to turn or gain altitude and there is much "slippage". I feel that safety tips should be taught in short focused terms and very often so as not to overload the students' brain. If you follow the NTSB reports check out the 2017 ICON crash in CA at Lake Berryessa. The pilot was a test pilot for many years and was caught make a low turn at the lake killing him and their new employee. mahalo for your video.
Altitude, Speed, Stability awareness in reference to the ground is the key to prevention in all this!! 🛫
AWESOME
An Angle of Attack display will always give you an alert when you are flying too slow or nearing an accelerated stall. Garmin has a great one and easy to calibrate.
Yep even in the simulator!
The only thing I'd suggest should have been different is the narrator's comment that below 2500' is the appropriate low altitude definition. Much training and general flying is done below 2500' AGL. Below 1500' AGL, yes, but not all below 2500'. Oh, and I did like the ending, too. :)
@ldmax
7 жыл бұрын
That definition was preceded by the comment "recognize when you are at an altitude too low to recover from a stall or worse, a spin". I think 2500' AGL meets that definition. Even 3000' AGL might be too low to recover from an inadvertent spin.
I saw this on a flightline: a pilot got on a small scooter and left the kick stand down, he gased it and turned. The kickstand hits the ground and his reaction was “what the hell! What did i hit”. It was so funny 😂 😆
Great video but I couldn’t help but instantly remember the magnetic electric football game I played with my uncle at my grandparents house back in the day. BZZZZZ. Hilarious.
Something I really hate that seems to be pretty common ( but not without exceptions) is "positive rate, gear up". That's all well and good in an aircraft with multiple engines but in a single engine plane it's not very smart. If you only have one engine you should change that to "out of runway, gear up". Otherwise, should you experience and engine failure shortly after rotating you'll look like a fool landing on your belly and damaging the aircraft, in what should have been a somewhat trivial situation.
@joshualandry3160
7 жыл бұрын
I have to disagree. The difference in climb rate between gear up and gear down is well in excess of 500-700 fpm in many aircraft. The question becomes which is more valuable altitude or gear? Lets consider the consequences. If the engine fails with runway remaining and gear down then yes the aircraft may be saved assuming you don't overrun the runway or drift off center line. . However, if you do not have runway remaining you are now at a lower altitude and may not be able to pick your landing spot. If the engine fails with runway remaining and your gear is you will still walk away but insurance gets to pick up the repair tab. If it fails shortly after takeoff you would then have a better chance of flying to an appropriate emergency field since you have more altitude. So the consequences of a quick retraction are potentially damaging the aircraft. The consequences of a slow retraction are potentially fewer possible emergency landing fields. They can make another aircraft; it is expendable. They can't make another me.
@computer5272
7 жыл бұрын
Feet per minute. The extra time you would have to wait to run out of runway in the majority of cases is merely a few seconds, maybe 10. That's about the time it would take to clean up the aircraft and gain back that climb rate so that is irrelevant. Not to mention that if you have an extra long runway it doesn't matter because you're climbing and you will be too high to use the extra length ahead of you regardless.
@Mooney201er
7 жыл бұрын
You sound like a Mooney pilot.
@computer5272
7 жыл бұрын
Mooney 201er Incorrect!
@Mooney201er
7 жыл бұрын
Sorry, that was @ Joshua Landry but for some reason didn't get marked that way. In a sleek airplane like a Mooney, the gear drag penalty is far more than in a power driven airplane like a Bonanza or Skylane.
04:54 Caught the #1 wire on that landing.
What about adopting the airlines method per “defined minimum manoeuvring speed” which equates to flying NO slower than 1.4X Vs (stall speed clean) whilst manoeuvring in the airport environment for example during a visual approach or in a traffic pattern.
A lot of the video looks like Yolo County, near Sacramento. 3:42 is that the Sutter Buttes in the distance and HWY 80 underneath? Much of my training done there.
I would have thought 2500 ft was more than sufficient height for slow manoeuvres.
@TRPGpilot
3 жыл бұрын
I guess its a USA thing, less than 900 metres on a runway is considered 'short' and now, 2500 agl is considered 'low'? ha ha . You would not fly anywhere much in Europe if that were the case :-)
@clarencegreen3071
2 жыл бұрын
@@TRPGpilot And a 45 degree bank is a steep turn.
I once flew with a pilot who did several low and slow hi-bank passes over a nudist colony in Indiana. I worried more about bank angle and stalling than the people waving at us on the ground.
@onemoremisfit
4 жыл бұрын
Was that Dick Drost's Naked City?
Low level Flying is called Buzzing your neighborhood
Lets not forget obstacles at low altitudes!
"Lastly, there are old pilots, bold pilots, etc etc."
2:25 lol
Practice Flyover GRM. Flyover a spot on ground with strong winds. Turnback and do it many times until you can do it well. Teardrop Turns are easier and safe to do than Hook Turnbacks..
I was thinking an F-16 would have the same problem pulling back on the stick giving it full throttle with After Burners lit, but...one the compressor/turbine spooled up it would not matter angle of attack or air flow across the wings...You're going up like a rocket.
@guy_incognito7538
2 жыл бұрын
I have heard pilots say that flying fighters is a completely different animal... you're strapped to a jet engine and you just so happen to have wings.
Now image fighter pilots who have had to dogfight at low altitude, the balls man.
@Bartonovich52
4 жыл бұрын
If you wind up in a low altitude dog fight you’ve made a ton of mistakes already.
@DJSbros
4 жыл бұрын
@@Bartonovich52 Hmm, seems like pilots were making tons of mistakes then considering all the footage i've seen.
What plane is the in cockpit view of? Panel looks amazingly clean.
@michaeldunlevie9880
7 жыл бұрын
Beechcraft Sierra
@TurtleDucki
7 жыл бұрын
Thank you!
That guy tripped at the end
@screaminlordbyron7767
4 жыл бұрын
No shit sherlock!
Don't do steep turns at low altitudes. And especially at approach airspeeds.
This is the Sportys voice
Is there a minimum altitude requirement for aircraft flying over residential areas and school yards? Anyone please
@txkflier
Жыл бұрын
500 feet..
So why not just keep the power up?
AOPA is a pretty bloated, bureaucratic, ineffective, and behind the times organization. They may not be directly responsible but share the blame in a declining pilot population. At best, they can take credit for slowing the hemorrhaging of General Aviation but certainly cannot take any credit in growing it in recent history. However, I would like to congratulate the ASF on this and other videos like it. Common knowledge/information is finally provided in a relatable way that I believe can truly lead pilots to rethink bad habits. I appreciate the time and effort to provide high quality, thoughtful, fresh, compelling safety information to the General Aviation community. If AOPA would begin to better resemble this kind of direction in general, I would consider renewing my membership.
@peachtrees27
7 жыл бұрын
I love your vids (subscriber!) but pretty much flat-out disagree with you on AOPA - they're doing more now than they've ever done toward increasing pilot peeps. And the new non-TSO avionics "competition" with EAA is gonna be a win-win for all of us. The ASI is their golden egg and I contribute every year. BTW, I looked at your 201 when she was for sale down in Bloomington way back when I was looking. We got our planes almost the same month...
Moooooo!
Mooooooo
Maooooooo
VFR under a low cloud deck is asking for "inadvertent" VFR into IMC... Those low clouds have a habit of getting lower.
@Bartonovich52
4 жыл бұрын
Not in my experience unless it’s associated with a frontal system. Plus... most people don’t plan to fly that way... they wind up encountering it. Still need to fly to find a safe place to land. Set up ten or approach flaps, gear down, Vy, and get to an airport.
rule #1 ...fly higher
Moooooooooooo
People die showing off because they become test pilots teaching themselves as they are doing it. Typically, they are flying as low as they ever have other than takeoff and landing, going faster than they ever have (at full power and close Vne or above Vno) often with the aircraft mistrimmed, and pulling more Gs than they normally do. Of course it's going to end in disaster. If you want to show off, here's a safe way to do it. Set up like a precautionary and define a circuit so you're aware of obstacles, distances, approach, and overshoot. Keep a normal cruise power setting. You're not flying an F-18 and full throttle is still going to be ridiculously slow. You're also likely to overspeed your engine with a fixed pitch, and that might distract you. Don't go ridiculously low. Nobody cares if you're right on the deck unless they have a morbid curiosity plus they won't be able to see you and your awesomeness. Treetop height (~30') over a clear area (field, lake, runway) is good enough. Don't yank and bank. Again, nobody on the ground cares or can appreciate what your plane is doing. Use gentle back pressure to set up a Vx attitude to bring the speed into a normal range and keep the aircraft straight.
@SixStringflyboy
6 жыл бұрын
Perfect example: Roy Halladay.
@Bartonovich52
5 жыл бұрын
Yep. He was his own test pilot. Wrote his own ticket.
@robodabbler
5 жыл бұрын
@@SixStringflyboy www.forbes.com/sites/christinenegroni/2018/01/23/halladay-flying-with-fatal-level-of-amphetamines-before-crash/#210112554c17
Get a paramotor for low and slow flying. Its 2018, we have options.....Fixed wing aircraft should maintain a safe altitude.
If I am going just below Vne and pull up abruptly, watching speed not to get anywhere near Vs, this video talks about stalling the wing? Of course a plane can stall at any speed but has anyone ever encountered that scenario stall condition?
@joshualandry3160
7 жыл бұрын
It can be done. It is called an accelerated stall and you should ask your CFI to demo one at your next BFR or whenever you next have the opportunity to fly with one. To do it safely at relatively very high speed as you describe would require an aircraft like an Extra 3000 or a Pitts. One pilot in my area tried to do some low level maneuvering at high speed. He stalled and put his aircraft into a house killing three people.
@flat_stickproductions209
7 жыл бұрын
A D the goal is a quick climb, you pull to stall horn and relax the pressure to ride the AOA just before stall. You don't need a vertical climb out either. You should not be close to terrain to avoid CFIT.
@publicmail2
7 жыл бұрын
I have done this maneuver many times fully loaded and this makes me wonder.
@johnnyllooddte3415
6 жыл бұрын
if youve tried this many times then youre closer to death than me
@davidwhite8633
5 жыл бұрын
A D One of the scenarios, although by no means the only one, is this; pilot gets fresh PPL then proceeds to dive on friend’s house to demonstrate or celebrate new-found ‘abilities’. Upon pullout ( although he didn’t know he was already history higher up on his dive) one of the following happens: Pulls back as hard as possible regardless of stall horn screaming, and snap rolls into ‘target ‘. (2) Realizes stall is imminent and does not pull back to stall, but CFIT’s at high speed somewhat behind ‘target’ because of insufficient altitude to complete the ‘loop’?! By the way, the German Air Force found a solution to this, even for experienced pilots in Stukas in WW2, who had to make near vertical dives at near red-line without either passing out, snap rolling in, pulling out too late and CFITing , or getting ‘target fixation’. It was a radar altimeter ( to know the exact height above ground) combined with a crude form of autopilot which merely initiated a pitch-up at a safe height above the ‘point-of-no-return’ so to speak.
I see too many pilots descending below pattern hight on base. Some do a base by constantly turning and descending from down wind to short final. In my mind this gives little room for error and recovery from a stall spin situation. I would fly the entire pattern at pattern hight and then descend after turning final. This eliminates the possibility of at stall spin accident while turning on final.
@skipwood2059
2 жыл бұрын
George: That is contrary to current procedures being taught in accordance with the FAA PTS. Furthermore, it makes seeing other aircraft in the pattern and below you very difficult to see. Standardization of procedures is critical in flying as other pilots expect you to follow PTS procedures and that is where they will be looking to see you. Fly safe.
Moooooooooo
Geez man.. the cheesy music.. why!
I think glider pilots gets more expirence than people making PPL and after 1500h of flight.
Guys, if you want to go low and slow, fly helicopters, they're made for that kinda fun stuff 😉
Training is everything, but flight instructors know when someone is a natural. Dont go low and slow unless you plan on landing.
very mixed emotions on this one ..... to much nanny/be careful ness .... and not enough learn how to fly or stay off the controls ............... ;-p
@clarencegreen3071
2 жыл бұрын
Is this true? You can't stall an airplane unless you pull back on the yoke. If so, . . . To avoid stalling, don't pull back on the yoke.
there is NO SAFETY in low level flying
@johnnyllooddte3415
6 жыл бұрын
yall are nuts.. the red zone should be avoided as often as possible.. 80% of accidents happen here and 100% of crashes occur here
@Bartonovich52
5 жыл бұрын
I guess you don’t drive, then. Or bicycle. Or walk.
American football analogy completely lost on anyone that isn’t American :(
Why do you have to compare it to football? I'm tired of football analogies.
This is ignoring the 'ground effect' encountered as you glide closer to the runway which increases lift. I call BS.
@SteveCrowe37
7 жыл бұрын
Ground effect is only encountered within about a wingspan (of the aircraft you are flying) of the ground. Go-arounds are typically preformed before that point.
@donalddraper1659
7 жыл бұрын
Agreed! I've made a lot of go-arounds in my 70 years of flying but don't recall any I had to initate higher than a wingspan above the runway.
@Bartonovich52
5 жыл бұрын
Then you have poor judgement or poor reaction times.
A guy fake tripping is the funniest shit ever for some of you... wow