Lecture 11 The Neurobiology of Addiction The Reward Pathway

Description of the brain's reward system, also known as the dopamine reward system with particular focus on the effects of drugs of abuse on reward processes and responses to reward cues. I discuss the reward prediction error signal and incentive salience and the role of executive functions or working memory in regulating our response to natural versus artificial rewards. Finally I discuss the role of stress as a cause of drug abuse and social networks as a buffer against drug abuse.

Пікірлер: 42

  • @XyZ-de8be
    @XyZ-de8be4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot, it helped me a lot for my study (psychology

  • @blizzard9571
    @blizzard95712 жыл бұрын

    This helped a lot, I'm doing my masters in substance use counseling and your definitions/explanations were a bit better than parts of my textbook, thanks!

  • @jaycdp

    @jaycdp

    Жыл бұрын

    How can studying anatomy helps you, You said you did not understand from reading the book, It was clear knowledge from the early 70s. Nueorobiology has nothing to do with counseling patients, it can be helpful to a psychiatrist. Studying a rat is a little oblivious, it has no intellect, mind, or consciousness ( subtle imagination skills that we human has) I am quite sure a rat would not listen to counseling, so does a human with a similar intellect or consciousness Remember the covid vaccine failed and the virus mutated, the mosquitoes mutated against ddt So does biology goes around and come back and modern biology has no explanation of this other than they may say inflammation in the neurons and treatment resistance or depression There is a huge difference between drug-induced depression and real depression So the one who always fails to treatment has lower consciousness like the rat and moths or mosquitoes and they are dangerous like an animal ( only if you stare at them they may stab you with a knife). Other than that they are cute like a pet (for example film stars singers, actors, and porn stars) super cute until the addiction starts. So what is the one who studies neurobiology worship (rats and moths ) what do you expect their intellect and consciousness is higher than rats or lower than mosquitoes.

  • @Kaila-qy3ns

    @Kaila-qy3ns

    8 ай бұрын

    ⁠@@jaycdpbc this isn’t Anatomy it’s biology and behavior. Yes it’s useful to understand the biology behind what your patients are going through wtf are you stupid

  • @Vogliosololitigare
    @Vogliosololitigare5 ай бұрын

    This lecture is great, thank you. I know I’m late, but I was wondering if there was a bibliography to consult regarding this lecture? Or perhaps some suggested books? Thanks in advance

  • @johndough23
    @johndough234 жыл бұрын

    10:00 is about important a concept to fully understand as asking the question does God exist. Mind-Blown

  • @barbarab3298
    @barbarab32989 ай бұрын

    Great info

  • @automotivester5944
    @automotivester59443 жыл бұрын

    THANKS ALOT

  • @angelacollins3562
    @angelacollins35623 жыл бұрын

    Can your brains reward system repair itself after quitting heavy marijuana use?

  • @stutijoshi3354
    @stutijoshi33542 жыл бұрын

    Loved your lecture, so simple and on point. Can you please give references for neurobiology of addiction?

  • @asiaticsabaah-7mathematics932
    @asiaticsabaah-7mathematics9324 жыл бұрын

    properties are also proper-ties

  • @FoxyLobo
    @FoxyLobo3 жыл бұрын

    I'm very interested to know what that genetic alteration is which was heritable to grand-offspring resulting in decreased preference for cocaine administration.. thanks for the interesting video

  • @PaulMerritt

    @PaulMerritt

    3 жыл бұрын

    I'm not sure it was specified in the paper I read. I was focused on the behavioral aspects.

  • @jloren4647
    @jloren46473 жыл бұрын

    The rat thing may be more direct form of evolution instead of a passed down mutation. Maybe the drug kills many sperm, leaving the survivors resistant? There must be something like this, since Koalas are a thing? I know the leaves and koalas have been in a long dance of an arms race but you get my point.

  • @markg6758
    @markg67582 жыл бұрын

    Thankyou. The audio kept on dropping out and it was hard to follow. just as a suggestion please try to fix the audio glitches

  • @OGMann

    @OGMann

    6 ай бұрын

    Probably the editing.

  • @darrriuskotey448
    @darrriuskotey4484 жыл бұрын

    Is incentive salience part of the dopamine hypothesis?

  • @EinSophistry

    @EinSophistry

    2 жыл бұрын

    Historically, incentive salience has been pitched as an alternative model of dopamine function to the reward prediction error hypothesis. However, newer studies using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry seem to be indicating that there are distinct subpopulations of dopamine neurons involved in BOTH reward learning (per the RPE hypothesis) AND motivation (per the IS hypothesis).

  • @EinSophistry

    @EinSophistry

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@OttomanSultana Reward Prediction Error. The idea that dopamine neuron spiking frequency encodes the difference between expected and actual reward value.

  • @williamharrisonjr6739
    @williamharrisonjr67393 жыл бұрын

    if any of the neurological pathways are blocked from opening and flowing properly the client develops addiction due to the fact that the client uses more and more substances to try to force the neurological pathway to open through more chemicals and substances therefore the pathways in the brain must be unblocked and opened for normal flow of proper order to prevent the build up of blockage of the brains pathways once the client is off the substances and normal functions in the brains pathways return the client can no longer no matter what go back to those substances causing addiction

  • @threethrushes
    @threethrushes Жыл бұрын

    Doesn't 'consummatory' mean that once the needs have been met (=consummated), the initial drive dissipates?

  • @PaulMerritt

    @PaulMerritt

    Жыл бұрын

    Yes - the reward pathway is designed to strengthen the connection between a stimulus and it's effects in our needs. That way when the need arises again we can solve the need. We will always need food, water, shelter.

  • @threethrushes

    @threethrushes

    Жыл бұрын

    @@PaulMerritt Thanks; out of interest, has anything changed in the neurobiology of addiction in the last 25 years? I vaguely remember studying this as part of biochemistry and regulation of receptors as part of undergrad studies in the mid'90s.

  • @PaulMerritt

    @PaulMerritt

    Жыл бұрын

    @@threethrushes there has been tremendous research in this area about the way neurons are modulated as well as how brain systems interact with regards to natural vs artificial rewards. We know that stress plays a major role in reducing our ability to resist artificial rewards by damaging frontal lobe circuits that guide our ability to reason. We are also getting a new picture of the role of genetics and epigenetics in drug use.

  • @threethrushes

    @threethrushes

    Жыл бұрын

    @@PaulMerritt Thanks for the reply; I picked up that cortisol plays a mediating role in the reward pathway. I'm so glad I studied human biology - it's proven to be a very useful and... rewarding subject. Best wishes from Prague.

  • @InterdimensionalBarbell
    @InterdimensionalBarbell2 жыл бұрын

    Thx

  • @Dude8718
    @Dude87182 ай бұрын

    This was a great watch on ketamine! 🤣

  • @TRA
    @TRA3 жыл бұрын

    How can I cure sex addiction?

  • @OGMann

    @OGMann

    6 ай бұрын

    Get really old.

  • @Alphacentauri819

    @Alphacentauri819

    5 ай бұрын

    It’s a multi-step process for many people. Often it’s not as “sex” related as you think…sex is just your drug of choice, the thing you use to get a dopamine hit. Key components are distress tolerance and emotional regulation. If you haven’t learned these, you are apt to want to avoid/numb/distract, in order to not feel. What are you avoiding feeling? That’s key. How can you build your inner resources to sit with yourself & not reach out to numb, avoid. Drugs/porn/sex/video games/shopping…and more, are used as pacifiers to not face the tough things. Unfortunately they can also be very self sabotaging and increase issues in our life that increase the urge to use those to escape. Look up how to increase your distress tolerance, regulate your emotions, get in touch with your body (somatic therapies), heal any childhood wounds and your attachment wounds. Those are foundational to healing sex addiction. I wish you wellness

  • @tomquesenberry7343
    @tomquesenberry7343 Жыл бұрын

    Too many audio glitches

  • @OGMann

    @OGMann

    6 ай бұрын

    Prob the editing.

  • @BuickGeek24
    @BuickGeek242 жыл бұрын

    Yeah, so people should hang out with their friends more. It's not very good for people to be dependent on meth for their happiness

  • @OGMann

    @OGMann

    6 ай бұрын

    Unless your friends are meth heads or dealers.

  • @johndough23
    @johndough234 жыл бұрын

    15:45 is it from stress? or is it from technology which is replacing most of the healthy motivators our genetic make-up needs to remain in a balanced state? I think this disruption of the routine IS the stress. Idle minds and Devils Workshop etc. People simply have too much idle time now and are filling the void with sports, gossip, mundane music, trivia, scrolling and organic compounds. Go home tonight and begin cleaning your living space by hand. Dusting wiping sweeping. Doesn't leave much time for coping and is far more rewarding. That sort of activity is congruent with our genetics. Asking Google is not. That is akin to a cocaine hit. Not congruent with who we are. This condition is STRESS.

  • @PepsiT98

    @PepsiT98

    3 жыл бұрын

    hmm, good point.

  • @benjaminrojas489
    @benjaminrojas4893 жыл бұрын

    So I see my sister and Christina and her kids they're trying to set me up so if you do the math on the conversion and the stream that they created we had stress social context and genetics Shoji and their Auto dictation is genetics SC is going to be social context so that's the Snapchat Instagram that's them hacking in your advice and then your stress they sit there and they haven't algorithm for your text messages to see who stressed out and he's not stressed out and then the MB on the string and has nothing to do with me it's one that they created it's going to be marketing bags brand of manipulation because they always use different color bag for the drugs that they use and every time she comes here she always advertises the color of the bags so basically that's what she's doing is she's creating a marketing campaign for methamphetamine in the drug Market maybe now they will tell the truth

  • @gnarlynicholasreviews

    @gnarlynicholasreviews

    3 жыл бұрын

    I’m 100% certain you are high on methamphetamine right now.

  • @TCSCskater

    @TCSCskater

    3 жыл бұрын

    All valid words (and points)

  • @TCSCskater

    @TCSCskater

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@gnarlynicholasreviews "actual thumbs up.