L-5.1: Memory Management and Degree of Multiprogramming | Operating System
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The process of controlling and coordinating computer memory, assigning portions known as blocks to various running programs to optimize the overall performance of the system is called Memory Management.
The degree of multiprogramming describes the maximum number of processes that a single-processor system can accommodate efficiently.
0:00 - Introduction
5:48 - Multiprogramming
9:14 - Numerical
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Пікірлер: 686
In case of 1- k^4 ans is coming about 74% And in case of 1-k^2 it is about 51% In case of 1-k^8 it is about 94%
@vibhosharma9487
6 ай бұрын
in case of k^4 it is coming about 75.99 %
@am-gv5zn
6 ай бұрын
yess
@Dedeepya9
3 ай бұрын
Even I was wondering how come 2 process case wil b 74% ,it should be 51% ,thanks for your explanation
@arzoojain4941
3 ай бұрын
I was going to comment this too😅
For anyone wondering why its k^2 and not 2k,think of K as the probability that a process would spend its time doing I/O. Hence if all the 2 process P0 and P1 are doing I/O,then the total probability would be: P(both the process are doing I/O) = P(P0 is doing I/O)*P(P1 is doing I/O) = k*k = k^2. This is total probability from class 12.
@ashishgaurav7862
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks very much
@arjanhazra4334
Жыл бұрын
Thanks
@tandelprince8835
Жыл бұрын
tnx bro
@rajganojwar1027
Жыл бұрын
Brilliant
@techcode356
Жыл бұрын
Thanks
lets simplify this one step more suppose we have 4 process in the main memory as we have single processor which can only execute one process at a time. In this video sir talk about the probability probability(Process utilizing CPU ) = 0.3 Probability(Process utilizing I/O ) = Probability(Process NOT utilizing CPU) = 0.7 Lets say ( Worst Situation) ----> this is the only situation when the CPU will be in idle position. P1 go to CPU and Then go to I/O in that period then , P2 use CPU and then it also go to do some I/O operation , same for P3 and P4. Now at this time every process is doing I/O operation so CPU is Not doing anything( Not utilizing). So to find the probability of the situation where all the process P1,P2,P3 and P4 are doing I/O operation we can use Independent Probability concept. Probability( P1 and P2 and P3 and P4 -----> all doing I/O operation) = Probability(P1 utilizing I/O ) * Probability(P2 utilizing I/O ) * Probability(P3 utilizing I/O ) * Probability(P4 utilizing I/O ) = 0.7 ^ 4 = 0.24 probability of the situation where all the process P1,P2,P3 and P4 are doing I/O operation = 0.24 so in all other cases( Situation) CPU will be Busy processing the Instructions To find the Probability when (Not all process doing I/O operation ) = 1 - Probability( P1 and P2 and P3 and P4 -----> all doing I/O operation) = 1 - 0.24 = 0.76 This says 76% of the time CPU will be doing some work and 24 % it will be idle not doing any thing. If you can relate Leave a Like : )
@abhigyanganguly1988
4 ай бұрын
Thanks brother, this makes sense. The answer is wrong at 14:51 in the video. 1 - (0.7)^2 = 0.51, so CPU utilisation should be 51% for 2 processes in the RAM This comment saved a lot of time. Lag raha tha maths hi bhul gya XD
@Dilnawazzaman
25 күн бұрын
what a explanation bro i was confused
@akshayr1646
24 күн бұрын
Thanks😅
fun fact: your lecture seems more confident when played at 1.5x ..... 😂😂
@devilharish8548
3 жыл бұрын
😂😂✅💯
@localbus7008
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@ajaytiwari4257
3 жыл бұрын
You are right bro
@im_parth
3 жыл бұрын
Nope , @2x
@tomrabhishek
3 жыл бұрын
3X, when you have just 2 hrs left for the exam
2 years back I had OS subject.. I remember seeing this video one day before my exam to clear some confusion… and now I’m back here watching the entire playlist while preparing for placements.Still,i remember what u taught till today which is very unusual cuz I forgot whatever was taught by my sir in class…. excellent video sir
@GateSmashers
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it helped!
@aakashyadav6228
3 жыл бұрын
@@SatyamKumar-zf1kk I don't think niveditha can be a "bro"
@peppermintdior
2 жыл бұрын
@@aakashyadav6228 lol
@deepanshuyadav6946
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for clarifying
@sanathkumarshenoy9955
2 жыл бұрын
Yo that's amazing
Tanx sir i m from Pakistan we often learn educational material from Indian instructor .... like U ... U r proud of ur country....
@pruthvi7798
4 жыл бұрын
We should not study ,allah will do everything, Only pray 10 times a day for allah , we can crack any exam.
@kumarshivam4317
4 жыл бұрын
@@pruthvi7798 hahahahaha
@tanmaykumar2784
3 жыл бұрын
Pride hota hai bhai
@shah12155
3 жыл бұрын
@@kumarshivam4317 thumara hasny ki waja jaan saktha ho
@muhammadahmed8658
3 жыл бұрын
Pr k to ap b phr koi bna len chenal ta k ap b kisi k liy proud bn jai
The K values are probabilities. He is mentioning them as "percentages of time" for simplification. So overall probability that N processes will be independently performing I/O is just K^N (independent events/independent trials). Prob. that any one of the processes will perform CPU operation will be 1 - K^N. Best to do math before any other CS subject if you are preparing for GATE.
@archilkumar
4 жыл бұрын
@@siddhantjain3166 it's 1-k^n, not 1-k*n. There's a difference between power and multiplying
@prakash79673
3 жыл бұрын
@@siddhantjain3166 bhai tu jaake pehle mathematical symbols ke basics clear kr
@kirtipurohit1237
3 жыл бұрын
@@archilkumar But why is it even k^n..if there are 3 processes then, k+k+k ..why k^n ?
@archilkumar
3 жыл бұрын
@@kirtipurohit1237 If there are n independent events with success probability P1, P2, P3, ..., Pn. Then the probability of all events occurring successfully together is P1*P2*P3*...*Pn (not P1+P2+P3+...+Pn) Thus, the probability of atleast one event failing is 1-(P1*P2*P3*...*Pn)
@shivankitraghav
3 жыл бұрын
@@archilkumar Dude that cleared things so much. Thanks a lot.
00:00 Memory management in Operating System is managing various types of memory efficiently. 03:13 RAM is crucial for CPU to execute processes from secondary memory 06:24 Degree of Multiprogramming improves CPU utilization and system performance. 09:22 RAM and process size affect number of processes in RAM 12:28 Increasing RAM size leads to higher CPU utilization 15:30 Increasing RAM size leads to higher CPU utilization 18:31 Increasing RAM size leads to higher CPU utilization 21:13 Degree of Multiprogramming and Memory Management Crafted by Merlin AI.
🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation: 00:00 *📚 Memory management in operating systems manages different types of memories like RAM, hard disk, and registers efficiently.* 00:28 *💻 The primary focus of memory management is on RAM since it directly interacts with the CPU.* 02:30 *💰 Increasing RAM size directly affects the system cost, so a balance is needed for normal users.* 03:31 *🚚 Programs are stored in secondary memory and need to be brought into RAM for CPU execution.* 06:05 *🌐 Multiprogramming brings multiple processes into RAM for efficient CPU utilization.* 08:53 *📈 A numerical example shows higher CPU utilization with more processes in RAM.* 17:38 *🔑 Increasing RAM size allows more processes, increasing degree of multiprogramming and CPU utilization.* 20:02 *🧰 Memory management handles allocation, deallocation, and security of RAM for processes.* 21:56 *🧩 Processes can be divided into blocks and brought into RAM for efficiency.* Made with HARPA AI
Education, will be interesting..if we'll get a teacher like you sir.....thank you so much ..
Sir really whenever you teach us ,it seems as I'm CPU and I'm processing several process at a time and managing as you explained. Sir ,i got understand each and every point. Thanks you my honorable teacher
if i get this kind of teacher then i can crack all the toughest exams on this earth.....serioulsy sir k liye dil se dua nikalti h
The K values are probabilities. So probability that N processes together will be performing I/O at the same time (when all of them perform I/O simultaneously is the only case when CPU will be idle) is K^N . Thus we can say that probablity that CPU will be idle is K^N. So probability that CPU is not idle, or CPU utilization is 1 - K^N.
@smrpkrl
4 ай бұрын
thanks it cleared my doubt..i was wondering why sir wrote k^2 instead of 2k..i was expecting an explanation from him
Sir, I really appreciate your endeavours for making such concepts more and more easy and clear. Thank You, Sir.
I watch your videos a day before my exam. There is no need to refer to other books. Thank you, sir.
Thank you Sir, because of your teaching I really was able to study OS which seemed to me very hard earlier. Thank you sir again. I wish teachers like you exist in our KIIT college also.
Watching these day before exam at 2x, Very nice explanations Sir. May Allah bless you with hidayah.
@Lm-mu1up
11 ай бұрын
Samee
One of the best OS series I have come across Thank you sir!!
literally nobody explained the basic concepts of memory management as simple like the way you explained... thanks a lot sir
Waah Sir aap to cha gaye...! Maza hi agaya....this is the very first time I am learning this topic and I understood it very well..Thanks for this playlist.. and yeah those figures for k^2 is 51% and for k^4 is 76%..but i understood the point you were presenting.
Sir u r the best teacher I found on KZread for computer science ... Sir pdf notes bhi provide kr dete to speed me course ho jata notes bnane me bahut time lgta hai
14:48 The answer is 51%. 0.7 squared is 0.49 and when you subtract it from 1, the answer is 0.51.
@kritikadewangan8179
2 жыл бұрын
Yes, that's right
@milesplays7518
2 жыл бұрын
then after that the answer will be .76 in case of ^4
@sanathkumarshenoy9955
2 жыл бұрын
Thank you, even i had the same doubt
@harshitsharma7871
2 жыл бұрын
@𝕄𝕚𝕣 ℤ𝕦𝕓𝕒𝕚𝕣 bhai paper me tu numerical question ke answer me concept likh aaiyo aur neeche likh diyo ki "Concept is more important than calculation.. You can do this silly mathematical calculation of your own"
@nikhileshbaghel
2 жыл бұрын
@@harshitsharma7871 why k^2 and k^3 he is doing??
Communication skills and your efforts are remarkable!
Fabulous explanation, just love your explanations sir 😊
Thank you so much for clearing this topic ... really ur teaching manner is indexplicable...
Thank you sir for clearing our concept....
Thank you sir I understood the concept clearly😊. I appreciate your hard work sir keep going
Excellent work,your all videos are very easy to understand and easy. Thank u
guess the best part bout your lectures is that you repeat the key concepts so much that it gets drilled in our heads. thank you!!!
@vyankateshpanchal5616
2 жыл бұрын
Hmm
great video ,explains every point
entire cpu operation is in this video ,finally i got this.........why need of large size of ram in phones.......got the point bro......thanks....
Much respect, the grit is real🔥
Thanks for uploading great lecture🙏🏻
Great explanation. Well done👍✅♥️👌
you r luv sir ❣️your method of teaching is very impressive for me..
Thank you sir ,your all videos are very helpful
Can you put subtitles, your work is amazing and people like me maybe can't understand all of them. so much respect sir
Well explanation fabulous teaching sir🤗🤗🤗🤗
you r so good i have completed all the videos and it was very usefull thankyou
Thank you for teaching us
Well explained Sir..Thank you..
YOU ARE DOING GREAT JOB SIR
Thank you so much sir, ur videos are very helpful. any topic I search I get ur video.
(0.7)^2=0.49 1-0.49=51% != 76%
@Harendrasingh-op3lv
5 жыл бұрын
there is mistake . it should be 51%
@Harendrasingh-op3lv
5 жыл бұрын
1-k^4 !=94, it is 76. overall conclusion is ,cpu utilisation is proportional to degree of multiprogramming.
@drpritimath
5 жыл бұрын
Yes, you're right ashwani ji .. varun sir, is perhaps also right...as he was just explaining the concept.
@AnandKumar-wv7zq
5 жыл бұрын
The purpose of this video to explain the concepts.
@ikramwani5207
5 жыл бұрын
Tnx for saving lazy people like me ;)
Sir very well taught..
Not sure who disliked this video! Thank you so much for this fantastic video Varun.
@engineerskegyan7997
Жыл бұрын
University professors 😂
@CybersecurityAgent-lb1xe
10 ай бұрын
@@engineerskegyan7997😂😂😂may be
Such a Wonderful lecture Sir !! Thank You Sir
@GautamKumar-qx3rt
2 жыл бұрын
Sir I followed your chanel previous two years and I want some suggestions to you for my future thank you!! Please reply Sir Give me your mail id coz i want contact you Sir I don't use any social media app please please give me your mail id
Thnkk u so much sir jii...vry hlpful video...✌️✌️✌️✌️✌️
U r really a great teacher... 🌹
For 2 process it is 51% 4 process it is 76% And for 8 process it is 94%
Sir I'm a HCL TECHBEE SCHOLAR . We were told that we will get the best trainer but I think you are the best trainer who teaches all the deficult concept very smoothly. Thank you, Thank you so much sir ❤️
@armankhanpathan408
Жыл бұрын
Hey you are still in hcl tech bee program?
@ayushagrawal8345
11 ай бұрын
@@armankhanpathan408 yeah bro
Sir, you are doing really well. You explain the topics in a very fluent way and it becomes very easy
Great explaination
You are doing great job 💜
Very helpful.Thankyou
Wha kya KNOWLEDGE K H AUR kya padhane k tarika h ...... Aap jesa teacher ki jarurat h COLLEGE M SIR ... THANKS SIR
@GateSmashers
5 жыл бұрын
Thank You so much for the appreciation. Bless you. keep learning and sharing
Nice teaching 😌🙏😇 very understandable
Thank you 💯
Too good explanation sir!
outstanding videos of yours in OS area sir, thank you so much hope to see u with millions of subscribers one day. keep going sir. best of luck.
Sir aap aaj k guru Dronacharya ho keep it up sir
Great explanation.. Thank you sir..
U r very Intelligent person
You r great sir
Today is Vietnam's Teacher day, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to you.
Really understandable lectures.
Thanks.
Thankyou so much sir
I did MscIt IN 2017 but today learning concepts in 2020. Thank you very much. Please keep making such wonderful nice and knowledgeable video and keep trying your best and then you will deserve more and more views. and please never hesitate to speak Urdu during English lectures. The objective is to convey to us the concept. You are doing a good job. Thanks a lot. and alot of love from across the border Pakistan.
@amankumar-gn2ze
Жыл бұрын
are wo Hindi use kar rahe hain urdy nahi.
@G_O_A_T__W.B
7 ай бұрын
@@amankumar-gn2zeits very similar
thanks sir i am from nepal .we all are dependent on you
@dvjakhar
2 жыл бұрын
Can you help in how probabilities are calculated?
great teaching efoort!!!!!! keep it up:-)
Thank You Sir🙏
Nice explanation sir 👍 G
thank sir
Thanku
Thank You Sir
We divide k^2 by 2 bcz its a rule of probability in arrangement (selection n arrangement) If p0 p1 perform same i/o operation simultaneously we use multiplacation rule ie is k^2/2 as they both are same (performing same task just like in probability same n identical objects) ..... Thanks sir🙏
I like his way of teaching
1-(.7)^2 is equal to 51% approx and 1-(.7)^4 is equal to 76% approx
@72_shivamthakur89
4 жыл бұрын
concept pe dhyan mat de diyo
You are really outstanding
Thank you sir...
Thanks sir...
for those who wonder how the formula came in 14:40 , i didnt understand at the first glance too , so this explanation might help you too :) let me clear you first how you get 1-k^2 , theres two program in the in the RAM ( 4+ 4) now , theres % given its actually the probability that helps you understand for how much time a process can go for IO operation , now here if 1 process go to IO operation then the other 4 Mb process will be exicuted , the Only time CPU can stay in Idle mode is when both the process gone for the io operation at the same time , now the probability of going under IO operation at the same time is K*K , you can understand that , so the probablity that CPU remain idle = 1 - k*k = 1 - k^2 and yes the ans is 51% , but anyhow the cpu utilization increased , thats enough
@AyushMo
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you, only one that makes sense here
@alokbharti3608
3 жыл бұрын
my doubt cleared..
@paragroy5359
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the explanation....
@piyushwankhade5177
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the explanation brother. It helped 🙌
@mahalakshmin2394
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the explanation..
Thank you sir
Thank you sir 😊😎
Thank you so much :)
Aj class bhut achi chal rehi h thankyou sir💖
Thank you gurujii 🍎👏
thanks Sir
you are great boss😀😀👍🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
Here in 2x speed before my sem exam 🏃♂️ Thank u so much :))
Very detail.......... Better than our sir teaching.... 👌👌👌👌
As always Excellent !
Thanks
Sir g your way of teaching is superb 👌👍 Love your videos from Punjab Pakistan and here I am your new subscribers.
I believe that how mesmerized you must be feeling, reading these lovely comments. You should be proud of yourself for doing this wonderful job of imparting your knowledge to us!!!!!!🎉 Want to meet you some day dear Varun
Lecture so good that even crickets came to listen.
nice explanation sir
Very helpful Operating System series!
@rohanwayangankar6498
2 жыл бұрын
Sis u are engineering student kuch samaj aata hai kya
@ruchaabhyankar
2 жыл бұрын
@@rohanwayangankar6498 Yes
@rohanwayangankar6498
2 жыл бұрын
@@ruchaabhyankar sis tume Engineering me coding sikhaya jata hai kya
@dvjakhar
2 жыл бұрын
@@rohanwayangankar6498 Yes
u r saviour