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Koneswaram Hindu Temple Trincomalee, Sri Lanka (Ceylon)
The Koneswaram Hindu Temple complex is situated in Trincomalee, Eastern Province of Sri Lanka. Its approximately 260km Northeast of Colombo city, Approximelatky 6hrs and 30 minutes take to reach the Koneshwaram Hindu Temple from Colombo city. The temple lies on a high rocky promontory surrounded on three sides by the sea. It bears a history of over three millennia with its records indicating its roots in 1580 BC. This, still beautiful, historical monument is what remains of what once was a sprawling temple city equal to the ancient city of Madurai, India.
Koneswaram gains its name from the main deity of the temple, the Hindu God Shiva. Shiva, who is also called Eeshwar or Eeshwarar, reigns over the mountain of Holy Konam (Thirukonamalai (Tamil): Thiru - Holy; Konam- Name; Malai - Mountain) hence giving the name Thirukoneshwarar (Thiru-Kona -Eeshwarar). The name ‘Konam’ is believed to have come from the Old Tamil word meaning ‘peak’.
Another name given to the temple is ‘Dakshina Kailayam’; a Sanskrit name meaning ‘Mount Kailash of the South. Some also call it ‘Aathi Koneswaram’, where ‘Aathi’ is the Tamil word for ancient.
A 17th century stone inscription in the temple states that the temple began its history in 1580 BC. Though this is unconfirmed, the truth remains that the ancient cave shrine that lies beneath the pinnacle of the mountain points towards a history well predating the Sangam Period. It is also a confirmed fact that Koneswaram was a well-established and popular temple during the arrival of the exiled Indian prince Vijayan during the 6th century BC.
On the other hand, legend states that King Ravana, along with his mother, was a devout worshipper of Koneswaram. Ravana is also supposed to have created the hot springs of Kanniya as part of Thirukoneswaram, for the last rites of his mother. King Ravana was a legendary emperor of Sri Lanka who is believed to have lived over 5000 years ago. If this legend were to be true, then that would indicate that the temple was alive and thriving for over 5000 years.
The Koneswaram temple is well known for its celebration of the traditional Ther chariot festival, the Navaratri & Sivarathri functions. The Ther Chariot Festival lasts for twenty two days in April and focuses on preparing the deities and the community for Puthandu, the Tamil New Year. Navaratri lasts for nine days and is dedicated to various aspects of the presiding goddess, whereas Sivarathri is dedicated to Siva. Devotees visit the temple to attend the daily pujas and make their offerings. Booths are erected outside for the sale of food, drink, brassware, pottery, cloth, and holy images. These functions primarily attract Hindus to the Koneswaram Temple.
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