"Kepler found himself going in circles" lmao

@VeganSemihCyprus33

2 ай бұрын

"Then along came those who wanted to motivate people to do more, have more and want more. People learned to covet knowledge and know-how, they fought over profit and loss, they schemed to be more prosperous, more famous and more powerful than those around them. Once these changes occurred, it became difficult to return to the inborn nature of simplicity." - Zhuangzi You have been fooled 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary] 💖

@larryscott3982

2 ай бұрын

9:50 I saw what he did there. Yeah, intentional or inadvertent?

@iamcleaver6854

2 ай бұрын

Little did he know, he was actually going in an ellipse, one of the foci of which was the sun...

@larryscott3982

2 ай бұрын

@@iamcleaver6854 Ellipses? Or eclipses?

@kevinlawrence1582

2 ай бұрын

Don't we all

This is a great telling of a great story! It’s such fascinating to watch the floundering and missteps as they tried to figure this stuff out that we now take for granted. I’m wondering what somebody in 50 years retracing the steps I’m taking right now in my own work would have to laugh at…

@AlphaPhoenixChannel

2 ай бұрын

Also - how much faster would science have progressed if somebody sent a few laptops with excel back in time…

@der.Schtefan

2 ай бұрын

​@@AlphaPhoenixChannelOnce computing started to cost nothing, and was done "instantaneously", one's mind is free to try out dozen of "crazy" ideas at virtually no cost or consequence. I compare it to how we just throw programs at a compiler and run and test them now, vs back when running a program was a 3 day punch card mess.

@error.418

Ай бұрын

@@der.Schtefan evidence that bringing down the cost of iteration can be a net benefit in all fields

@xClairy

Ай бұрын

​@@error.418And then we have whatever bullsh*t JS ecosystem is...

It's absolutely wild to think that, not only did basic facts about the world have to be discovered, but even how to deduce those facts had to be. Kepler may have just been an obsessive perfectionist, but his repeated checking of his work until he got everything right is arguably the first example of the scientific method in full blossom; hypothesize, observe, refine.

Mind-blowing to think about the amount of work needed to calculate all of this by hand over literal years

@QDWhite

2 ай бұрын

Nowadays, I’d be mad if I had to program the calculations into matlab.

Kepler's discovery of elliptical orbits has long been a favorite story and demonstrative example: Copernicus is now hailed as a visionary who's theory was rejected out of dogmatic belief in the planets orbiting Earth. However his proposal was rejected on the basis that it is a poorer match of the data than the current models. It wasn't until Kepler found his elliptical orbits that the heliocentric model produced better results. This is close to an error commonly seen in science (mostly by amateur scientists), where people propose an overly simple model that just doesn't match the data, and when they are rejected on this basis they rail against science for not seeing their vision. It's an important lesson in pride, and knowing that while simplicity is beautiful and should be sought, it must match the data and have predictive power to be an explanation. I knew this story from a history of science class, but I never knew the details of the math until your videos. Thank you very much.

@ricardovencio

2 ай бұрын

Well put

@spoddie

2 ай бұрын

Keppler was also rejected because of dogma. Heliocentrism was heresy according to the Catholic Church and many Protestants.

@peterfireflylund

2 ай бұрын

Copernicus still had epicycles. The only thing he got right - a very important thing - was the heliocentricity.

@otiebrown9999

Ай бұрын

I do "myopia research" and have the same problem.

This is a terrific series. Every previous telling of Kepler's story I've heard (and I've heard/read a lot!) is basically "He had this nested-platonic-solids idea which was wrong and amusing, then eventually he got all of Tycho's data and messed around and finally hit on ellipses." I'd never heard of his "extremely accurate but actually wrong" model, or what propelled him on to the correct one.

My dad used to be a helmsman for a cargo ship of the Holland America line, he learned to navigate by stars. When I was born he named me after Tycho Brahe, very interesting to learn about him and Kepler

@ArthurSeijiNishikawa

16 күн бұрын

I know a Dutch guy named Tsycho. Never asked him, but I wonder if he was also named after Tycho Brahe

Ive been waiting for this for 2 weeks

@TimRobertsen

2 ай бұрын

By random chance, I stumbled upon the first video one hour ago, it felt like the universe was aligned when I saw that this video just got released:p

@VeganSemihCyprus33

2 ай бұрын

"Then along came those who wanted to motivate people to do more, have more and want more. People learned to covet knowledge and know-how, they fought over profit and loss, they schemed to be more prosperous, more famous and more powerful than those around them. Once these changes occurred, it became difficult to return to the inborn nature of simplicity." - Zhuangzi You have been fooled 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary] 💖

@advaitkamath8442

2 ай бұрын

@@VeganSemihCyprus33 ok bro

@aloysiuskurnia7643

2 ай бұрын

i know right? When I saw my notification before I go "oh it's shorts of existing video" but not this time, yeah!

@TimRobertsen

2 ай бұрын

@@aloysiuskurnia7643 It's a good day;)

Can we take a moment to show respect for the sheer amount of time and effort Kepler's work would have taken having to to do all of his calculations with a quill pen.

4:46 yeah to be honest even though its sounds weird today, magnetism is such a fair guess by Kepler, given that, some 400 years later, we still have no f*cking clue what gravity is. Edit: Gravity at a quantum level

@NoNowwwell

2 ай бұрын

Ultimately it is an attractive force and seen easily with magnets, so a very rational assumption.

@VeganSemihCyprus33

2 ай бұрын

"Then along came those who wanted to motivate people to do more, have more and want more. People learned to covet knowledge and know-how, they fought over profit and loss, they schemed to be more prosperous, more famous and more powerful than those around them. Once these changes occurred, it became difficult to return to the inborn nature of simplicity." - Zhuangzi You have been fooled 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary] 💖

@somanayr

2 ай бұрын

It helps that gravity and electromagnetism have similar behaviors (inverse square laws). Lucky coincidence!

@fnln-namaemyouji

2 ай бұрын

Yeah, I went from raising one eyebrow in skepticism at the idea of magnetism governing orbits, to raising both eyebrows in awe when I realized I had the timeline wrong and he was creating orbital mechanics before Newton postulated the idea that the gravity we feel down here is still felt up there, and before either Newton or Leibniz were formulating calculus. That is a wild amount of skipping steps and still getting to the right answer, it'd be like someone creating a semiconductor without knowing what an electron was.

@silience4095

2 ай бұрын

I know general relativity aaaand honestly I feel like it creates more questions about gravity than it answers.

This video demonstrates what a genius Kepler was. I like the phrase: “… what it really looks like to do modern science. In stead of having phylosofical debates about how nature should work, they turned to methodical observation and messy experimentation.” That reminded me of the standard model of particles, and how theories like string theory - no observations, no experiments, just mathematical debates -paralyze science for decades.

@bluelemon243

2 ай бұрын

Well, in defence of string theory, its problem is more the fact that the standart model is so good, that we yet to find even a single experiance were he is wrong, and we need one to test all the other theorys

@bobmusil1458

2 ай бұрын

The problem is that people call it "String theory". It's not a theory, it's the "String hypothesis".

@Thetarget1

2 ай бұрын

That is a position only people who don´t know anything about theoretical physics hold

@juliodeluna2774

Ай бұрын

@@bobmusil1458 Go and tell mathematicians and physicists that they should not call group theory "theory" but "group hypothesis"; same thing with category theory, number theory, set theory, etc. Maybe you will find out that the "theory is something confirmed by experiment" is a pretty childish definition. Sometimes "theory" is used to refer to a self-consistent mathematical framework.

@The_Canonical_Ensemble

Ай бұрын

I'm pretty sure this definition of theory as "something confirmed by experiment" is a new definition that was specifically made as a lazy rebuttal to the "Evolution is just a theory" objection by creationist. This definition contradicts how scientists have been using the word theory for hundreds of years. Luckily, dictionaries haven't got the message and still use a pretty sensible definition of theory such as "a supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something, especially one based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained." One thing to notice about this definition is that it doesn't mention how much evidence it has behind it. A theory could have absolutely no evidence in its favour or could be confirmed beyond all reasonable doubt and still be called a theory.

Johannes Kepler is such an underrated genius. I mean I can't even imagine how hard it would have been to do all these calculations by hand, let alone coming up with such counter-intuitive ideas like elliptical orbits that explain the motion of planets. Even the modern mathematical notation that we take for granted nowadays still wasn't fully developed in the early 1600s. Amazing stuff as always Welch Labs

@peterfarrell66

2 ай бұрын

Absolutely agree. Imagine what he could have done with a calculator, let alone a computer. Good thing he had logarithms, which he said doubled his life.

@Daz1

Ай бұрын

@@peterfarrell66 I don’t think he was exaggerating 😂

"... and a fruitless battle with the egg..." Same lol!

This is the content KZread was made for. Cheers!

I remember reading that Kepler had many critics of his book because they found it really boring because he spent way too much time explaining all of his mistakes instead of getting to the point. He said that people who read about Magellan were interested in all of his adventures as he discovered new lands. Therefore, they should also be interested in all of his travails as he discovered new methods to calculate celestial mechanics. As much as I sympathize with Kepler, Magellan's adventures and Kepler's many calculations are not the same thing, entertainment-wise.

You have done exceptional work on this to find Kepler's exact thought process and ideas. I understand Kepler's law better than any physics book from these videos. Thank you.

I swear this channel deserve 3 sextillion dollars of donations

@tygical

2 ай бұрын

hehehe sex

Wow, this was so well put together. The attention to mathematical and historical detail all while being entertaining to watch is a testament to impeccable creativity. Bravo!!

Highly underrated channel!!!

Thank you so much for these two videos on Kepler's work. I really appreciate the effort you put in these videos. I loved them. I would love you made third one on the Newton's law of gravity

Congratulations on the laborious production of this amazing video. Looking forward to the sequel on Sir Isaac Newton

Man these series just keeps getting better and better.

This series about Kepler is so beautifully done! Thank you very much 😊

What a wonderful video about a great scientific story! Thanks for all the passion you spent for this video. I especially liked the overlay of the historic image and your pencil and circle construction. I really hope you do more of this videos, I really appreciate everyone of them.

Just discovered your channel. You are an outstanding teacher. I couldn't believe this video was only 15 minutes long. I feel like you've packed an hour's worth of material in here, but presented it so efficiently and effectively that it only takes a quarter of the time to comprehend it. Really polished and well-made, man. First-class.

@WelchLabsVideo

22 күн бұрын

Wow, thank you!

An extraordinary review. I had never seen this exacting detail, before! Thank you!

Thank you for making this video. The respect I had for Kepler has increased ten fold. Story telling is an art and you deserve all the views . I was waiting for this video for a week now.

Sir if you're reading this we need a book tour!

Fans of the "Three Body Problem" (books and/or Netflix series) will appreciate that Kepler's Laws are a mathematical solution to the Two Body Problem.

Incredible video, you really helped explain the sheer magnitude of Kepler's achievement. We owe a lot to these brilliant and incredibly persistent individuals.

This is an EXCELLENT series with amazing production value. I hope your channel gets the recognition it deserves.

Thank you for showing how clever, serendipitous, and beautiful Kepler's insights and hard work are

Im so glad the vid is out! I just watched the previous one and Ive been waiting days for this part :) Thank you for all your efforts! Kepler's story is so interesting and inspiring!

What a beautiful enlightening of the discovery process of one of history's scientific giants. Thank you.

Finally! I was so sad when I found the last video to be part of a series

Incredible series of videos, thanks for making it. All those animations were wonderful

I absolutely loved this two part video series, thank you for your work (and KZread for the recommendation)

Thanks for these two videos. Got a newfound appreciation for Kepler and how much of modern science can be founds in his cycles of modifying and testing his models. I knew about his conclusions but not so much about his process (which was instead 'misinformed' about his love for the platonic solids and trying to fit that).

Thank you for this incredible amount of work put in this video! It is great.

Cosmos (1978) had an entire episode about Kepler; but they didn't go into this much detail. After watching Cosmos for years, I never realized the sheer amount of pretty difficult math they were doing.

I had the previous video sitting in my To watch list for over a week, and finally watched it today. I'm very happy I did, now that the follow up is here today as well

WOW! I can't thank you enough for unveiling this topic!! Love this damn channel!

Bravo, bravo! I already appreciated the significance of this work, but you have given true insight into the real story. As well done as any science episode on here or anywhere else. Carl Sagan would be proud.

I usually don't interact much with Videos - but this was too amazing not too. All the videos you have done since your long pause have been great, but this has been a masterpiece - thank you!

This is phenomenal work.

I have been so excited for this!

Excellent series. I look forward to further videos from you. Well structured and scripted. Excellent illustrations directly tied to the narration. Great audio. Well done. I'm subscribed!

Awesome class, thank you

Absolutely beautiful

finally! amazing story, beautifully told, been waiting for this since the first :))

Glad you are back!

Thank you for the video.

After difficult year of financial troubles, health issues and fruitless battle with the egg.. :) Funny description, thanks for this amazing video. I'm big fan of Kepler and have seen a lot of videos and documentaries on Kepler, but this one is one of the best.

anazing 2 part video, just subscribed I want to see more like this

Amazing storytelling and delivery and I *love* the music

Finally!!! I have been waiting for this video I am so excited!

Powerful story, very well told, great video!

Was waiting for this episode for centuries!!

absolutely incredible explanation!

I love the music you use for these videos!

you're such a wonderful storyteller. you're recent videos have really been top-notch

Thank you

New subscriber, good work and well done! Thanks!

Yes!!! Next video!

now we want an episode on the discovery of gravity

keep up the great work. these videos are awesome

Thanks

So Kepler is the giant whose shoulder Newton stand on. That makes sense now.

Amazing.

If we ever figure out time machines, Kepler would deserve a visit imo. Just to drop a sketch of our heliocentric model on his table and vanish into the future again.

Great video! I chuckled when Kepler rejected the ellipse at first, because “surely the ancient Greeks would have found it.” 😀

Love your videos ❤

wow love this and want more.

Wooo great video

Dude, that's crazy. I'm super impressed Kepler managed to work this out IN THE 16th CENTURY!.

Very cool!

this is not just educational, but outright scholarly

This is the most beautiful data ive seen in weeks

awesome !

Good stuff

This is such a great video.

yessss, finaly! love from italy!

Love the video. And I love seeing you in front of the camera but if I may make one small suggestion, use audio from the video capture instead of the script! It is an odd feeling even for those that may not realize why.

A spectacular exposition of Kepler's convoluted quest for an explanation of planetary motion fully consistent with Tycho's observations of Mars.

What a great video

This is like the Prologue of the Search for Vulcan by Thomas Levenson, it almost feels like a class

A master class of how to present amazing accomplishments of science. Pre telescope, pre machine calculation, brute force.

These things are mentioned in the Cosmos by Carl Segan, but the Math was absent, great video ❤

I love the bookshelves behind you, those are books that have been read, definitely not studio props. I also love the poster, much better merch (if you could call it that) than a boring t-shirt

Thank you so much for these two videos. I have always loved astronomy and physics and I have a degree in mathematics, but only now did I finally get to appreciate the incredible work of these early scientists. I never understood how its supposed to be revolutionary to discover gravity, something seemingly so obvious. But only by ignoring all we know and putting ourselves in the shoes of Kepler/Newton can we understand what an achievement this was.

I have been waiting since ur last vid for this

I can't recommend Koestler's book "The Watershed" highly enough. Its a biography of Kepler and part of a larger work on the history of science called "The Sleepwalkers" Very well written. For example in one passage I recall, related I think to the topics discussed in this video, Koestler notes that Kepler's own handwritten notes for a certain part of the calculation comprise 900 pages of small handwriting!!! I am reading Kepler's book Astronomica Nova as an homage, and finding it very very dense. But "The Watershed" is a quick and exciting read.

If only Kepler had access to a computer and GeoGebra, his work on planetary motion would have been even more groundbreaking

my man discovered the most complicated way possible of drawing an elipse

This is incredible. Newton next?

Ptolemy was like a shoestring. Copernicus was like baling wire. Brahe was like a measuring stick. Galileo was like a flashlight. Kepler was like duct tape. And Newton was like a personal computer.

This is an important video.

Wonderful video... could you do one on Copernicus? And how Copernicus led to Kepler and on to Newton?

My das has been saved!

To me an amazing thing is that, armed with an inverse square central force law and a bit of elementary vector calculus, all three of Kepler's laws fall out in about a page of manipulation. But it's a lot harder going in the opposite direction (like Newton).