I've got absolutely no idea why this video was recommended but I'm so glad it was. Fascinating. Well done.

@robotslug

2 жыл бұрын

Same

@thekeyfox

2 жыл бұрын

Same

@BootyYeeter

2 жыл бұрын

Same

@88njtrigg88

2 жыл бұрын

It's because your subliminally interested in light & optics.

@mcpozzm6321

2 жыл бұрын

It started when I clicked on a bartender showing how to make optically clear ice cubes for drinks, next day this was in my feed.

Totally counterintuitive. I've done a fair bit of metalwork sanding and polishing, so I naturally assumed that optical polishing would be similar, only using something harder and flatter to grind the surface. It never occurred to me that the rotational grinding process would use something ductile, yet get better results. Thank you very much for the excellent explanation.

@stanrogers5613

2 жыл бұрын

In metalworking terms, it would be very similar to using an aluminum, copper, or tin lap (as in watchmaker's "black polishing"). You want your lap to be softer than the material to be cut. Your lap becomes a matrix to hold the abrasive particles in place, and the cutting happens on the material that can't just grab and hold the abrasive. (Tin, by the way, gives absolutely amazing results when polishing steel. It's just _really_ stringy to machine when you're initially making the lap. Save it for your finest - sub-micron - grits.)

@stc2828

2 жыл бұрын

You polish silverware with fine cloth which is softer than silver. If you use sandpaper the result would be terrible.

@gvidas1338

2 жыл бұрын

Very informative yet old video on lapping metal parts by rotation. Check this: kzread.info/dash/bejne/mKKjuLhmgrqvh7w.html It vey clearly explains "how it's made".

@sakelaine2953

2 жыл бұрын

@@gvidas1338 This is great, thanks!

@matter9

2 жыл бұрын

I feel there’s a general misconception when it comes to lapping a polishing that is a result of focusing on the lap material. As the first comment responder noted the lap only hold the cutting media. There are three fundamental rules for cutting to occur, though I only usually remember two. The important one here is that the cutting “tool” (in this case lapping or polishing compound) MUST be harder that the workpiece. The second is that there must be relative motion. The third escapes me. But in either case it is not the lap that cuts the work piece but the embedded abrasive. Apologies for the lecture comment but lapping and polishing seem to be no different fundamentally than any other metal removal process; hard removes soft. In the case of polishing silverware presumably there is some residual polishing compound on the cloth that is the effective mechanism for removing the oxide layer. Also, if I’m glaringly wrong please correct me. 👍 Edited for autocorrect errors.

This video reminds me of the optician who fell into a lens grinder and made a spectacle of himself.

@MikeWiggins1235711

2 жыл бұрын

That's not as bad as the glass blower who accidentally inhaled and now has a pane in his chest.

@yashsvidixit7169

2 жыл бұрын

@@MikeWiggins1235711 Still not as bad as that chef who, while cooking some some chicken broth, fell into the pot and made a laughing stock of himself.

@Cynthia_Cantrell

2 жыл бұрын

Clearly, I didn't see that coming.

@tombesson7293

2 жыл бұрын

@@Cynthia_Cantrell Did you hear about the guy who wondered why the baseball kept getting bigger and bigger, then it hit him.

@user-hv6wb5gk8p

2 жыл бұрын

Reminds me of the lab technician who spilled some acid on himself. Really left him fuming.

How did I end up watching 12min of "how to polish something to the nm scale?" But you explained it so well that I understood it without any previous experience in polishing glass or anything for that matter

@Kargoneth

2 ай бұрын

It's rather hypnotic.

Flat-out the best vid on making flat optical surfaces! Clearly thought out well, I couldn't pitch in any criticism. It's almost like we're on the same wavelength.

@digitalradiohacker

2 жыл бұрын

What a cheerfully bright comment! I for one found the video very illuminating, and it seemed to polish out all the rough spots in my dull and hazy knowledge. You could say that it expanded my bandwidth....

@yashsvidixit7169

2 жыл бұрын

@@digitalradiohacker makes me wanna leave my daily grind and do something else

@bellowphone

2 жыл бұрын

Micronically inquisitive mind lapped up the precision explanations.

@Asdayasman

2 жыл бұрын

If y'all don't cease with immediacy I'm gonna jump into a woodchipper.

@DocBree13

2 жыл бұрын

😂

The true test of whether someone has mastered a field is their ability to explain it to the uninitiated in a clear and concise manner, you sir are a credit to the field.

This is really good, so well detailed. It seems over the years there has been a lot of demonstrations of optical grinding/lapping, lots of "recipes" so to speak, without any detailed explanation as to why it works. I'm coming out of this with a deeper understanding of the process, only took 12 years, but better late than never!

jeez why didnt youtube algorithm recommend this to me earlier??? Its fascinating!!

I have been interested in optical engineering for a long time now and yours is the first channel I have seen that covers it well. So thank you for making such excellent videos.

I work in the optics industry for a couple of years now and I have to say that your channel is a real treasure! Your videos are both, highly educational and entertaining. Keep up the outstanding work!

One of the most clearly explained process ever seen on KZread. Beautiful. I feel like building one of these now.

I used a machine like this in the 90s to flatten hydraulic motor parts. Instead of pitch, the wheel surface was steel, and the surface was kept flat by adjusting three rings which also kept the parts in position on the wheel. We'd check it a couple times a day by washing the abrasive off and placing an optical flat on the wheel. But other than that it worked the same way.

@hindugoat2302

2 жыл бұрын

its not the same as true level

@stickyfox

2 жыл бұрын

@@hindugoat2302 Reality is poison! I can't live like this!

@myselfremade

2 жыл бұрын

@@stickyfox lol nice answer. Did you happen to work on pistons and cylinder bores too for a hydraulic piston motor?

@stickyfox

2 жыл бұрын

@@myselfremade I worked on Eaton and Sauer-Sundstrand axial piston pumps and motors. We would replace pistons and cylinder blocks and send them out to be resleeved/refinished.

@myselfremade

2 жыл бұрын

@@stickyfox ah very nice. I have an Eaton series 1 pump. 5.4 cubic inch variable displacement model. Installed on my truck. Great pump 👍 wish I had a 11 cubic inch fixed displacement piston motor to go with it but instead I am using a Geroler. It does ok but slightly less optimal.

Using interferometric fringes to test optics, what an ingenious setup!

@kellymoses8566

2 жыл бұрын

If you think that is impressive the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory uses interferometry to detect changes in length less than a 10 thousandth of the diameter of a proton.

@BarneyDesmond

2 жыл бұрын

@@kellymoses8566 luckily we don't need *quite* such precision for optics :)

Excellent vector drawing demonstrating the constant angular velocity.

The principle looks simple, its just a tar and turntable, but those who tried working with glass, especially polishing and making it precise, knows that its extremely hard, takes years of practice and patience. Great video.

This is the most satisfying and informative presentation I've seen in ages. As a photographer I really appreciate the craftsmanship required to produce high quality optics. My hat off to you Sir! 🎩

Hats off to your narration... I simply was thrilled. I am a retired engineer, 73 yrs.

Very fascinating seeing someone so specialized and advanced in their field, thank you for sharing.

Very clear and detailed explanation, best I found so far (and no irritating background music). Cool how you built the turntable from a washing machine motor and rollerblade wheels!

Fascinating videos, with plenty of details. Thank you for all this useful info and diagrams!

I've been polishing for a year now. This was super informative. Putting images to techniques helps me understand more of what I do all day long lol

Thank you, i always wanted to know how it was done. Very clear description.

Could watch vids like this all day - thanks for sharing

I've always thought there was something almost magical about being able to make incredibly accurate optical surfaces, flat or otherwise, with no precision tools whatsoever. I ground my 6" parabolic mirror by hand, and figured it to 1/20 wave accuracy on a pitch lap, with no references other than the Foucault test. Very nicely done. Subscribed. cheers from sunny Vienna, Scott

@robertmccabe8632

2 жыл бұрын

if you like that; then the three plates to make a surface plate is another example of this principle (though wil hardish surfaces)

@therealzilch

2 жыл бұрын

@@robertmccabe8632 Indeed. I use this principle to keep my sharpening stones flat. Using silicon carbide abrasive, I grind A against B, B against C, and C against A.

Am I the only one that loves this type of stuff, but at the same time, completely understands how boring most people probably would find it?

Your videos constantly inspire me to want to build my own lenses for different optical projects. Thank you for sharing your designs and knowledge!

I immensely enjoyed your double slit video, I would love if you did more quantum discussions - I clicked a lot in my mind, thank you!!

I would have never guessed that you'd use a malleable disc to do the polishing. Really fascinating to see how this is performed, thanks for the video!

I have been polishing precision optics for 12 years, I really enjoyed the video, thank you. I do the final polishing of the optics on a spindle in a zerodur plate with holes, I put planes with weights in them, according to a similar principle. pitch polishing pad for the night I turn over on a plate smeared with Regipol with good flatness

I have always wanted to see Mach 3 used in a unique way like this. BRAVO !

Thank you for making and sharing this video! Great content and very informative!

At work here in Germany they got mad at me for filing like this....that you work in nm tolerances and do so as well made me really happy. The understanding of why one would do it so they just couldn’t understand. Also an amazing video, very informative. Keep up the good work!

I can't shake the feeling that I'm learning knowledge that I will never need to use!

@Bill.Pearson

2 жыл бұрын

Agreed. Like watching This Old Tony.

Hello youtube algorithm...thank you for suggesting something I didn't know i needed to know

Clear and precise explanations along with fascinating footage. Thank you. Subbed.

Fascinating, and very well explained! Thanks a lot!

Very good explanations with great schematics. Great video overall.

Prachtig werk! Ik heb me altijd al afgevraagd hoe die dingen zo vlak konden worden gemaakt.

I wasn't aware how much I like this content

Thank you, for precise explanation of the process.

I had no idea about any of this. Fascinating.

This is an excellent way to do low speed control with a VFD. Thank you for the good idea.

The closest thing I do is knife sharpening, but I always wondered about stuff like straightness, flatness, and smoothness. This videos was very interesting.

this filled in some gaps in my knowledge, really great stuff.

The explanations you give is perfect. Even a brick can understand this.

Awesome work! I am going to try this...

That was interesting and well explained. Good job, I will watch a few more of your videos

Your channel deserves more subscribers

Thank you kind algorithm for bringing me here. This was very interesting.

physicist here, every single video of yours is mesmerizing, I have no words!

Fascinating stuff, the explaination is on point!

This video reminds me of how profound our technological advancement has been. Just think of how many different people had to cooperate and dedicate basically their entire lives to engineering better solutions in the relatively niche field of precision optics. Using a high viscosity fluid as a lapping surface? How the hell did anybody come up with that? Stuff like this just blows my mind.

So fascinating the science and math that goes into allowing us to achieve this. I would have never guessed it was pitch

Very good stuff. I've done my share of glass pushing, long long hours of manual work. I tried to make 200mm flats but I constantly got into troubles in 1um (two rings) level... Perhaps I return to them sometimes, even though I hardly remember why I started making them LOL (ok it was some cassegrain telescope idea, and another for testing other flats)

Using a Fisher and Paykel motor driven by a VFD is genius! So much simpler than the old belt and pulley reduction.

No idea why this is in my recommended, but very interesting. I'm amazed this kind of thing can be DIY with the proper knowledge and materials. I would consider myself a maker more in the software area, it's always cool to see what other people are working on. Keep making!

@Bill.Pearson

2 жыл бұрын

"proper knowledge and materials"--including an old washing machine motor and rollerblade wheels.

It's hard for me to believe but, I lapped and polished for 20 years (Gator Diamond, Inc) and didn't know half of this info. Thanks, Bill

This gave me a moment of connectivity to my Grandad. He ground rifle scope glass for a few years. Now that’s not flat but more of polishing

This is flat amazing. Thank you.

Another very good and informative video from you! Just a question:how is the bruiser plate hold on position and driven?

Really well made video! Great job.

Thanks for the video, it's very informative. So the polishing table is an aluminum disk with a motor stator attached to it, and you press the pitch lap by using a granite plate, but I was wondering if you could share what the pitch lap substrate is made of? It looks like a few inches thick disk. Is it also granite?

@HuygensOptics

3 жыл бұрын

No actually in this particular case it is borosilicate, which has a thermal expansion coefficient that is about 3 times lower than granite (which is an advantage). You can however use granite without problems if you have good temperature control.

Very interesting and informative. Thank you!

growing up in a machine shop makes me fascinated at what high precision milling can do. I'd take parts home and use the machined metal parts to play with.

Gonna have to get one of these and figure out how to use it to flatten the sole on my hand plane

I really enjoy your videos....keep them coming.

Today is the day i understood why tires have grooves

this is absolutely fascinating thank you very much

The algorithm sends me to strange places sometimes, but it sure can be a fascinating journey. Today I learned something I did not know yesterday, thanks.

Wow. Fascinating..thank you

Very good to know, sure I’ll use this someday

What a fascinating microscopic world lies behind these seemingly primitive (to the layman only, of course) machines!

I've been having a go at marking crude lenses from polycarbonate , the tyre pattern got me thinking. I had previously seen brief footage of a lens factory circles on domes and lots of white liquid, Your explanation has helped me understand the process, I'm not willing to sacrifice my record player or washing machine , but I do have some granet and microwaveable casting rubber.

Great video, Christiaan would be proud if he was here today!

Last minute had the information I didn't know I needed. Blocking pitch does put pressure on glass held to a backing. All the old film of spectacles and camera lenses show blocking, but these are not expected to be accurate to fractions of a wavelength. OK now I will also avoid lots of messy cleaning up as well.

Excellent video, thanks for sharing :)

Well made video, and very interesting!

Excellent video. Thank you.

This video made me happy.

MAN! this is so smart! the rollerblades to unload the bearing axially!

I didn't need to know this, but I'm glad I do now.

I'm an optical fiber telecommunications technician. We used to have to polish the end faces of our connectors when terminating them. 3 different ratings of polish paper and polishing in a " figure 8" motion. It was tedious. Faster speeds and the need for lower reflection at the connections has us using fusion splicing and factory terminated connections, now. No one misses " puck and polish" terminations.

When you shut the machine down overnight, is it necessary to maintain the lab at a cool temperature to minimize pitch movement?

@shannonpincombe8485

2 жыл бұрын

Nah...you just use auto tune. Everybody does these days. Hehehe

@tjsbbi

2 жыл бұрын

@@shannonpincombe8485 That's how those T-pain sunglasses are made.

@juliusfucik4011

2 жыл бұрын

I think there is a tradeoff. It would certainly help, but investing in climate control may not be worth it. Also, it seems heating the plate and then weighing it down removes enough deformity in a small amount of time. These techniques are fascinating.

@thedudeamongmengs2051

2 жыл бұрын

@@shannonpincombe8485 I respect the pun

@ai_university

2 жыл бұрын

They run 24hrs

Did you make this yourself?! Incredible. This is amazing.

This is very interesting. I read somewhere that for lapping of silicium wafers they use some chemicals instead of abrasive particles. I can't imagine how precise they must polish wafers for 4nm technology.

@HuygensOptics

4 жыл бұрын

It's generally a combination of both. If you use a chemical that etches your surface while you are polishing, you can use a very mild (or soft) abrasive agent, which results in a smoother result. By the way, when you use Cerium Oxide to polish glass, chemical interaction also helps speed up the polishing process. For wafers the actual flatness is less important that the smoothness, since modern wafer steppers make a heigh map of the wafer to correct for the total thickness variation when clamping a wafer to the chuck. Modern technology wafers are indeed incredibly smooth and flat (from the dimension of individual components to that of the full chip)

Great information thanks for sharing 🤠

Good day sir...great video...just curious if you can lap any material on it..for example carbon and silicon and tungsten like seal face materials?

I work at Sydor in Engineering nice video man!

good to see that physics works all engineers experience the same when going down to nanometers no matter what kind of engineering they are doing and that is that solid material is moving ( slowly )

Today this was recommended to me and I watched till the end

i have no idea why KZread recommend me this video. What more fascinating is i watched it until end, and still have no idea what is that.

It is fascinating to see how lens polishing is done professionally. Thank you for sharing. :) I am grinding and polishing a telescope mirror by hand and I still don't fully understand how the pitch behaves and how to control it to my favor to get the desired surface curve.

@ranSmsB

2 жыл бұрын

Have you seen the video with John Dobson about grinding telescope mirrors by hand? To me it seems really educational.

@souzzzzza

2 жыл бұрын

@@ranSmsB Yes I did. I liked it too.

Great explaining!

its amazing how a bumpy surface can grind down to the nanometer range

@Asdayasman

2 жыл бұрын

It's only bumpy on the macro scale.

Love the videos! I have a couple of questions: - what pitch specifically do you use in Jerome’s Pitch Polisher? - when setting up the pitch polisher, how do you ensure identical angular rotation of object and pitch lap? Are dimensions important or does the design itself ‘handle’ it? Thanks!

I love the combination of washing machine and industrial PWM

this is excellent!

Thank you for video.

hats down, top grade quality video, so rare

Thank you for your video. Please tell me about ability your machine. Can it make surface flatness 1/10 wavelength?

@HuygensOptics

2 жыл бұрын

That would in principle be possible, although not very easy. For 1/10 Lambda you would preferably use a really well run in planetary polisher. It would not be trivial to achieve with a machine that is not running continuously for days / weeks but is started up every day.