How To Create Generics in C#, Including New Features

Ever since Microsoft introduced generics into the language, they have been used almost everywhere. Even if you don't understand how they work, using generics is rather easy.
In this video, we are going to look at why generics are important and then how to create them. We will look at the different types of generics, how to limit generics, and how to implement some of the more recent generic types, such as generic interfaces and numeric generics.
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  • @biokode
    @biokode3 ай бұрын

    It would be so interesting to see a "real world" scenario with interfaces of generic types being implemented, love this stuff

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Watch any of my videos where I do data access to SQL. I use generics when working with Dapper to make things cleaner.

  • @austinmudadi9178
    @austinmudadi91782 ай бұрын

    Tim, the best as always. This is a masterpiece!

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    2 ай бұрын

    Thank you.

  • @leppyr64
    @leppyr643 ай бұрын

    Fantastic timing. I'm just trying to break down an existing Generic class to figure out how and why it's being used.

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Excellent!

  • @bturner484
    @bturner4843 ай бұрын

    This really helps! I appreciate your channel

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    I'm so glad!

  • @andergarcia1115
    @andergarcia11153 ай бұрын

    Your knowledge is truly inspiring. The amount i gained from your video is incredible.

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @SagharMax
    @SagharMax3 ай бұрын

    It was a complete explanation of using Generics in C#. Thank you so much.

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    You are welcome.

  • @mbpoblet

    @mbpoblet

    Ай бұрын

    Not _completely_ complete... he didn't get into covariance and contravariance...

  • @vibes992000
    @vibes9920003 ай бұрын

    Your last few mins of video were excellent, I somehow forgot the importance of `where`. Thanks a lot.

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    You are welcome!

  • @mohammedbadran7840
    @mohammedbadran78403 ай бұрын

    Thanks a lot for your efforts , great topic

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    You are welcome.

  • @michaelglockenmeier906
    @michaelglockenmeier9062 ай бұрын

    always a pleasure watching your videos while doing some cardio training like right now :-)

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    2 ай бұрын

    Great!

  • @user-kt7nd6pg1p3
    @user-kt7nd6pg1p33 ай бұрын

    Thanks for your effort! :) Best Regards

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    You are welcome.

  • @begumyaprak755
    @begumyaprak7553 ай бұрын

    Perfect explanation, thanks!

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    You are welcome.

  • @runtimmytimer
    @runtimmytimer3 ай бұрын

    To date my experience, I was so happy when generics were added to c#. I came from c++ and it was frustrating not having a template equivalent.

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Great!

  • @markleistner1924

    @markleistner1924

    3 ай бұрын

    For sure. All the boxing and unboxing from object that used to be required. Still my favorite feature all these years later, if only so I don’t have to deal with boxing.

  • @bdowns
    @bdowns20 күн бұрын

    Thanks Mr. Corey

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    19 күн бұрын

    You are welcome.

  • @vincenzoriwu2998
    @vincenzoriwu29983 ай бұрын

    Great Content Tim !

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Thanks!

  • @hmihaela2310
    @hmihaela23102 күн бұрын

    Extraordinary explanation!!

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    Күн бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @astralpowers
    @astralpowers3 ай бұрын

    I love the trick in generics where you use constraint the type to the current class e.g. `BaseClass where T : BaseClass`. It looked weird at first, even now it is still weird, but is very useful so that the base class can get the type of the derived class. This mechanism is used in heavily in generic maths.

  • @runtimmytimer

    @runtimmytimer

    3 ай бұрын

    It is useful. I used this in a data access layer with some LINQ. The constraint allows you to access properties of the base class in LINQ which can be very powerful.

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Thanks for sharing!

  • @jackbunbury6417

    @jackbunbury6417

    3 ай бұрын

    How can I learn more on this pattern? Does MS use it in any of its LINQ libraries? My Googling didn't turn up an examples. Can you point to a place to learn more?

  • @astralpowers

    @astralpowers

    3 ай бұрын

    @@jackbunbury6417 the dark side to Roslyn is the pathway to many coding styles some consider to be unnatural

  • @BertONeill
    @BertONeillАй бұрын

    Excellent tutorial

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    Ай бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @efimov90
    @efimov903 ай бұрын

    IAmTimCorey, this is very great video covering all the basics of generics. Unfortunately, I didn't learn anything new. I will definitely recommend it to my friends who don't understand this topic yet. Can you please make a video with more advanced things like and maybe Monad-like classes with embeded logic and conversion?

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Thanks for the suggestion. Please add it to the list on the suggestion site so others can vote on it as well: suggestions.iamtimcorey.com/

  • @andywalter7426
    @andywalter74262 ай бұрын

    I actually had one case where I started out with interfaces but had to change to using generics that implemented the interface. The reason was sometimes whoever uses it needs to know the full type with all methods, not just what the interface used and worked out great.

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    2 ай бұрын

    Great!

  • @catalinmarianmursa7892
    @catalinmarianmursa78923 ай бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    You are welcome.

  • @abhigupta3193
    @abhigupta31933 ай бұрын

    thanks, I learn lots of things for generics

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    I am glad it was helpful.

  • @acerreteq703
    @acerreteq703Ай бұрын

    Hi Tim, thank you very much. Good explanations but i´m missing a lot of stuff. How to declare a method that returns a value of ? How to deal with type conversion inside a method if e.g. math operations lead to "can´t implicit convert from int to or vice versa. Definitely needs a part 2. 🖖

  • @Dimitris.Christoforidis
    @Dimitris.Christoforidis3 ай бұрын

    Thank you Tim once again!! Very powerful videos, knowledge is the key in development! My question is can i pass Generics inside a controller for aspnet core?

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    You can use generics anywhere in C#. Now if you are asking if you can use a generic as an input parameter on a controller (something passed in from the user), I believe you technically can, but it can get messy in a hurry. I would recommend against it unless you have a really good reason.

  • @laci-ht9cm
    @laci-ht9cm3 ай бұрын

    Hi Tim Corey! I am a new subscriber to your channel, thanks to this video about Generics. Sorry if this question is repetitive, but I was unable to find how can I configurate Visual Strudio 2022 to colorize the code like this. Do you have a video for it?

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Here is a video on how to turn on colorized braces: kzread.info/dash/bejne/gWV7t8SjkcbQe7Q.htmlsi=J4HQhYP2sWZPejuD

  • @cemkaya4448
    @cemkaya44482 ай бұрын

    Thanks for the video, great content as always! I tried it out for the efficiency problem of different types in list and got slightly different results than expected. Here are the times in milliseconds for adding elements: List elapsed time: 36 List elapsed time: 33 I didn't see as big a difference between the two lists as you did. Could Visual Studio Code or operation system be causing this difference?

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    2 ай бұрын

    I would check your code. There might be something different. You will always get different numbers from someone else because it is based upon the PC hardware. However, I don't believe they will be that close to each other. Not unless something else is different.

  • @cemkaya4448

    @cemkaya4448

    2 ай бұрын

    @@IAmTimCorey List numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]; List objects = ["Tim", 4, 3.6]; // Count for objects. Stopwatch sw = new(); sw.Start(); for (int i = 0; i { objects.Add(i); } sw.Stop(); WriteLine($"List elapsed time: {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds}"); // Count for numbers. Stopwatch sw1 = new(); sw1.Start(); for (int i = 0; i { numbers.Add(i); } sw1.Stop(); WriteLine($"List elapsed time: {sw1.ElapsedMilliseconds}"); That's the code snippet, thanks. I might be missing something here. The current results are still showing a smaller difference than expected: --------------------------------------------- List elapsed time: 40 List elapsed time: 36 -------------------------------------------- If I use the stopwatch instance (sw) for the list of integers as you demonstrated, the difference actually increases in favor of the List. By the way, I'm using VS Code in M1 Mac Pro. If there is another way, I can share the picture of it.

  • @cemkaya4448

    @cemkaya4448

    2 ай бұрын

    Interesting! After running the test a few more times, I'm seeing some variability in the results: --------------------------------------------- List elapsed time: 36 List elapsed time: 18 -------------------------------------------- Looks like not consistent result. Anyway never mind me, Tim. I'm a person just trying to understand the logic. Thank you!

  • @RiderInHell
    @RiderInHell3 ай бұрын

    Aside from what you mentioned about object type being more expensive than the generic T type, it might be worth mentioning that while the object type allows you to shove everything and anything into a list the generic T type allows only one. I know you mentioned this but it might not have been explicit to someone that's never dealt with generics before.

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Thanks for sharing.

  • @transtechmuthu
    @transtechmuthu3 ай бұрын

    Btw, new thumbnail is gooood...

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Thanks!

  • @gani7485
    @gani74853 ай бұрын

    Thanks its easy easy to understand. How can I limit different types for both T and U? Sampleclass where T:new() here How can I say U:int

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    public class SampleClass where T : new() where U : int { ... }

  • @Sanabalis
    @Sanabalis3 ай бұрын

    PersonRecord + PersonRecord might sometime produce MarriageRecord, or even ChildRecord (derived from PersonRecord), but most often they just produce an instance of PeopleRecord.

  • @harrygarala4119
    @harrygarala41193 ай бұрын

    I love the trick in generics

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Great!

  • @ArgoRobots
    @ArgoRobots3 ай бұрын

    Can you make a video explaining how to make custom XML comment tags for C# IntelliSense? When I hover my mouse over functions built into C#, some of the text (like "true", "false", etc.) is a different color. How do I do that?

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Thanks for the suggestion. Please add it to the list on the suggestion site so others can vote on it as well: suggestions.iamtimcorey.com/

  • @ademineshat
    @ademineshat3 ай бұрын

    Thanks. Is there any .net maui content coming in the future?

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Not in the near future (next few months). I would like to, but it is going to take some doing to get deep into it. Covering mobile in general takes a LOT of content, since it is such a complicated subject. It is high on my priority list, though.

  • @kylekeenan3485

    @kylekeenan3485

    3 ай бұрын

    Oh lovely that would be great!

  • @bsdrago
    @bsdrago3 ай бұрын

    Hey, great vdeo. But Id like to ask: Im using UNityENgine and my tests are the opposite: Both (int and objects) are slower in my computer and objects take less time than int (test in video in 9:00). Do you have any ideia why? Thnaks for this awesome video.

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    My guess is that there is some type of mismatch in your comparison. If you are converting an object to an int, that will take a non-zero amount of time. If you compare that to a method where you are not doing that conversion, the one where you are doing the conversion will be longer if the two are otherwise the same.

  • @bsdrago

    @bsdrago

    3 ай бұрын

    @@IAmTimCorey The code is the same as the video, but I put it inside unity's Start() event. I'll still understand why the result is so different. Thanks.

  • @jeffsherman9638
    @jeffsherman96383 ай бұрын

    Would you say that the most common usage of generics would be if multiple types need to be used?

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    The most common use of generics is in list-types (List, IEnumerable, etc.) and those are mostly single types. Beyond that, I'm not sure I see a standout. For instance, when I do my data access with Dapper, I do one method with two types, one with one.

  • @jeffsherman9638

    @jeffsherman9638

    3 ай бұрын

    @@IAmTimCorey I guess I don’t see any advantage if it’s still declared as a single data type

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Sorry, I think we might be talking about different things. I am talking about having one generic type as opposed to two . If you are asking if people typically put more than one type (such as PersonModel, UserModel, and EmployeeModel) into then yes, kind of. Once you declare such as List, you can only use that type for T. However, you can also have a List separately that you use. The benefit of being generic is that you can reuse the same code for working with Lists, but work with any type in a type-safe manner. Does that better answer your question?

  • @jeffsherman9638

    @jeffsherman9638

    3 ай бұрын

    @@IAmTimCorey I think so. I just need to see more use cases and to see if it is a popular option in software development

  • @jerrybodensky9679
    @jerrybodensky96793 ай бұрын

    I listened to the video while I was doing the dishes. When I heard about "meth operations", my first thought was: How can something like that be legal in C#? Just kidding.... An usefull concept explained clearly! Thanks!

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    😂 Haven't you heard of the Breaking Bad C# channel? Although, that does sound like a good concept: breaking bad C# habits and code patterns one video at a time.

  • @MyReviews_karkan
    @MyReviews_karkan2 ай бұрын

    Could you please have chapters in your videos? Sometimes I want to skip. A subject that I know, but then find out there is no chapter. Thank you

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    2 ай бұрын

    That comes down to time. I don't have the time to add them in, and right now neither does my team. So, we rely on people in the community to help us out with those.

  • @jeffreyelkins3183
    @jeffreyelkins31833 ай бұрын

    I prefer my list of Coffee not T

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    👍🏻

  • @waynehawkins654
    @waynehawkins6543 ай бұрын

    Nice video but you lost me a bit. Be good you dig deeper into this topic.

  • @IAmTimCorey

    @IAmTimCorey

    3 ай бұрын

    Have you practiced it? Sometimes it clicks when you do it yourself.