Inbreeding is mating cows that are closely related, such as siblings or parent-offspring pairs. Most farmers believes that use of Artificial Insemination (A.I) eliminates chances of inbreeding but failure to select sires which calls for understanding and elaborate interpretation of bull catalogue as well as excellent record keeping increases chances of inbreeding.
How losses knocks in is through:
1) Reduced genetic diversity - this results in limited gene pool making population vulnerable to diseases, environmental changes, other factors negatively impact productivity and overall health.
2) Loss of fitness traits - inbreeding increases expression of recessive genetic disorders or undesirable traits e.g reduced fertility, impaired immune response, decreased milk production, etc
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