How Sentient Are Animals, Really?
And feathery and scaly robots? Or are they sentient? This video looks at what scientists have to say about animal consciousness and examines some of the smartest and allegedly 'dumbest' animals.
Links and Sources:
Brand New Patreon Page: / micthevegan
Facebook.com/micthevegan - micthevegan
Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness:
tinyurl.com/dx2xqwx
Review of 2,500 Papers and Animal Sentience:
tinyurl.com/jo2jzcv
Scientific American Article on Chicken Intelligence:
tinyurl.com/leesx6p
Study on Chicken Empathy:
tinyurl.com/zypvopy
Carolynn Smith Paper on Chicken Sentience:
tinyurl.com/bpz9odr
Newborn Chick Geometric Abilities Study:
tinyurl.com/hyq2rd7
Free From Harm Chicken Resource:
tinyurl.com/zosmokl
Magpie Intelligence Independent Article:
tinyurl.com/hvfhvdy
Animals Feeling National Geographic:
tinyurl.com/oznpe5k
Пікірлер: 502
it's kinda sad that this even needs to be explained
@ParadymShiftVegan
4 жыл бұрын
I was thinking something along similar lines. Have we truly become so convoluted in egoic fantasy that we've lost touch with life THIS much? We need large scientific bodies of the best available informational evidence known to mankind just to recognize sentience in creatures. Mic apparently used to be that way, so it's highly likely. It makes me wonder how many things the world has forgotten that I've taken for granted...
@ChristinaPetro
4 жыл бұрын
I AGREE!!
I think calling other beings 'animals' and calling ourselves 'people or humans' is a way to mentally seperate ourselves from other animals, when we ourselve are animals too. when we look at a paradigm where we exist as animals as well, the seperation is more difficult
@manueldelbusto725
5 жыл бұрын
Humans are flesh and bone too but it's pretty obvious that there is a big way between a pig that knows what it's seeing in a mirror and a being that can create a universe in it's own concious mind. I hate people that does not respect animals and Nature, even if they are not composing like Mozart that doesnt mean they don't feel pain and that they should be skinned alive for fur or whatever like some people do ( i'm looking at you china ).
@decentaur5040
5 жыл бұрын
@@manueldelbusto725 You know none of the people who do not respect animals compose like Mozart themselves- and there are vast number of people today who still believe that the earth is flat. Average Human intelligent has been GREATLY exaggerated, while non-human animal intelligence has been vastly downplayed. There are the top 1% of human animals whose intelligence creates something wonderful, but most humans just benefit off of those people's creations/inventions and are dumb as a brick - because if you cannot see that animals are sensitive, sentient and able to reason, you are A F'ING MORON.
@decentaur5040
5 жыл бұрын
What I realize is that non-human animals are STILL PEOPLE with PERSONALITIES. Animals are beautiful people.
@manueldelbusto725
5 жыл бұрын
@@decentaur5040 I wouldnt call any animal people but I do agree that if you don't respect animals you are shit.
@2muchswag11
4 жыл бұрын
We are NOT animals. We are mammals.
Growing up every time my Aunt would go on vacation we would babysit her African Grey it would express to us "I miss my mum. Where is my mum?" It's truly amazing how much they are capable of..
@jjuzimackin8941
2 жыл бұрын
No one is eating African greys
@moistcrevice2043
Жыл бұрын
@@jjuzimackin8941 wrong, I am.
@someguy2135
Жыл бұрын
@@jjuzimackin8941 African greys are sentient. So are pigs, who are able to pass the mirror test. So are chickens. So are turkeys. So are cows. So are sheep. So are fish. Do you eat any of them?
It's common sense to know that animals feel pain just as much or even more than we do. It's funny how people need scientific reason to understand something as simple as that. I love your videos. Can't wait to watch more.
@GuiltFreeWhiteMan
4 жыл бұрын
Pain is not the issue, even a simple creature can feel pain for survival knowing danger and injury. This guy speaks of consciousness.
My granddaughter loves chickens and I think that you'll find his information interesting because nobody seems to understand her relationship with her chickens and thank you for giving me this information so that I can pass it on to her she is only 13
@rainrainlsn
2 жыл бұрын
Chickens are kinda cute lol.
wow, that guy who dissected animals alive must have been some sort of sociopath. If the animal is thrashing around and trying to get away while you are cutting into them, moaning or whimpering, wouldn't you think they were in pain???.. sheesh!
@TheHermitSpinster
8 жыл бұрын
+Miko Exactly what I thought! The evidence would be so obvious, so he must have been psycho/sociopath.Shame the dog character at the end called him a 'bitch', after everything horrific he did... does that make the 'dog' sexist? Not good. I'm still haunted today by some pictures of dog torture someone put on facebook yesterday, a vegan trying to raise awareness, but I feel really traumatized by it, and I'm already a vegan, so it won't raise my awareness. I wish I could unsee it!!
@tamcon72
8 жыл бұрын
+Miko It's posited that Descartes was a pathological case. Today we'd probably classify him a malignant narcissist.
@ReluctantWarrior
8 жыл бұрын
+Lena Andrews ''bitch' doesn't even work as an insult. Its like calling the female who mugged you a 'woman''. Not very insulting. What's the solution: Get creative. And yes, Descartes was a brain-dead idiot.
@TheHermitSpinster
8 жыл бұрын
Reluctant Warrior Ⓥ Exactly! There seems to be a trend going around to say the word bitch every 2 seconds. So many people are just followers and repeaters, and just say it. Thinking for yourself and getting creative is the solution, yes!
@Mosniff
8 жыл бұрын
+Reluctant Warrior Ⓥ "Descartes was a brain-dead idiot" Lol ok then buddy.
I think Descartes seriously had to be a psychopath
Great video ... really enjoying your work!
@MictheVegan
8 жыл бұрын
+That Vegan Couple thanks! Loving your snaps by the way. My girlfriend is always watching them.
@thatvegancouple
8 жыл бұрын
+Mic. the Vegan 😉👍
@danieldsouza2812
8 жыл бұрын
+Mic. the Vegan Is alcohol vegan? Is it possible that some companies use animal products in their alcohols? What about rubbing alcohol? Because I know a lot of vegan people who don't drink.
@mellonlord4616
8 жыл бұрын
+Daniel D'Souza some alcohol is vegan and some us not. In the filtration process some drinks use dried fish bladders. You have to check.
@danieldsouza2812
8 жыл бұрын
Libby DeVore-Regonas OK. Thanks for the heads up. Whenever I go out for drinks, my friends think I'm super weird. None of them are vegan.
YES! "The parrot can speak some English! We can't even speak Parrot... just saying." LOVE THIS PART!!! *YES YES*
@evanwatling3897
5 жыл бұрын
Claire Rose Hell. No. A parrot replicating speech has nothing to do with consciousness.
@GS-xj4st
5 жыл бұрын
@@evanwatling3897 You're replicating speech as well, therefore you're not conscious ? You could argue that you can made up your own language, fair enough, but non-human animals does that as well. You can't prove the parrot is sentient just like I can't prove you're sentient, or no-one can prove anyone else is sentient than themselve. The truth is, you can't know anything unless that you know that you know nothing. You can just have a strong body of evidence pointing toward a truth and systematically increase this body of evidence to get better insight while reviewing the evidence to throw away the rotten evidence. That's science's job and animal sentience is ubiquitous. I advice you to read this on the denial of human kind to recognizeother animal sentience www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/science-and-the-denial-of-animal-consciousness/?lang=en . Not clearly related but if you wish to understand further speciesm I advice this www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/what-is-speciesism/?lang=en. On the essentialist idea of Nature that condemn non-human animal to be dominated by instinct just like we've attributed a Nature to female gender or other group of people to justify oppressing them in the past (while we should be "free"but not them?) www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/de-lappropriation-a-lidee-de-nature/ . On the irrelevance of the Linéene classification of species, or how species have no essence or the irrelevance of talking about species as an innée nature in first place www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/les-especes-non-plus-nexistent-pas/
@evanwatling3897
5 жыл бұрын
Guilhem Saiz I was just saying that replicating speech doesn’t prove the parrot is capable of fluent English. Sure the parrot may be sentient, but if we can’t tell not we probably never will because not all sentience is exactly like ours.
@spongeborgtheford4971
5 жыл бұрын
I agree with sentient2x. The parrot is rewarded when acting appropriately to signals given by humans. I don’t think that is even close to the level of understanding humans have. Not to take away from the impressiveness of the bird.
@GS-xj4st
5 жыл бұрын
@@spongeborgtheford4971 how is that any different from a human behavior? The parrot can solve problem he has never been expose to just like you would do. The reward is just to enforce this behavior that the parrot would otherwise won't do, just like we say "amazing, that's good, well done" when our child does something we wanted him to do as a form of reward to teach better. You should take a look at the first link I gave, above, on the denial of human kind to recognize other animal sentience. It always amaze me how people can deny things related to non human animal: "they don't have extero-receptive consciousness like us, they are just machines" then we prove other animal have extero-receptive consciousness and the speech change to "meh, they just react to stimulae provided by the outside world" but how is that any different from us?? Any characteristic of consciousness we use to attribute for human only lose all kind of beauty when we evidence it in other animal. It becomes "just normal" while it was previously "the wonder of consciousness that make human kind superior". Speciesism is strong. If you have time please read at least this article www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/science-and-the-denial-of-animal-consciousness/?lang=en and get informed on animal consciousness, self awareness and sentience, these are well established thing we cannot deny anymore. If you can tell me how the parrot is essentially different from us in the way he think I'm glad you tell me as well
So, I know this is an old video, but I wanted to share about some chickens I raised as a child. I'd been given 4 chicks by my neighbor to raise as a school project. I ended up with 3 hens and a rooster. 2 of the hens I showed a few times and gave them back to my neighbor, but 1 hen and the rooster were bonded and I kept them as pets. I named them Todd and Vixey. Yes, I named my chickens after foxes, but I loved that movie and I was young, so i didn't understand what my parents found so amusing until years later... Anyway, they had free range of the yard around the house, which was a couple acres, and a chicken coop to hide in and get out of the weather. They bonded very closely. You never saw one without the other. They didn't go to different parts of the yard, they just preferred to share the same space. Well, Todd got sick and passed away, and Vixey was devastated. She started attacking anyone who got too close, and wouldn't socialise or bond with anything or anyone. Todd's favorite hobby had been to crow right underneath my sister's window at 5:40am on the dot every. single. day. A couple weeks after he passed, a very strange sound woke my sister and me up, and my dad went to investigate. My hen had started crowing. I don't know if you've ever heard a hen crow, but it's not pretty.. She would crow underneath my sister's window at 5:40am every day until she passed away. That's how I learned that chickens grieved. And to grieve something means you must be able to form an attatchment, which means you must be able to feel emotions and be able to understand loss. So that was my first experience of the sentience of an animal that was neither dog nor cat, but an animal considered livestock.
You're a great spokesperson for the animals and veganism :)
@yonkers7525
5 жыл бұрын
its cool and all but im not gonna stop eating them
@J.Wolf90
3 жыл бұрын
I believe animals should have all the rights humans do. But I'll still eat them. It's natural
@_ansp_
3 жыл бұрын
J. Wolf not sure it is natural to by food from a shop
@J.Wolf90
3 жыл бұрын
@@_ansp_ I rather buy food at a shop than be the killer myself.
Mic, Amazing video on animals being sentients especially chickens. I have 4 in my backyard owned by my landlord for eggs. No eggs for me. Every day, I open their doors and it is amazing to see their excitement as they are running and flying following me for any kinds of goodies I give them. They are like kids. We have interaction and they trust me more and more. It is so nice to explore their individual personalities.
*"I use to refer to them (chickens) as vegetables with legs"* Wow Mic. It's so hard imagining you as a level 5 meatard! ;)
@Mayacocoice
8 жыл бұрын
Just shows there is hope for every meat eater out there
@mrquicky
7 жыл бұрын
I once saw a chicken commit suicide by pecking an old stump until it broke it's neck. Are chickens sentient? By the definition, I suppose so.
@kristin4840
7 жыл бұрын
Yes, it is hard to imagine you saying that about chickens. What made you change your ways and become vegan? Have you done a video on that?
@SaltyCalhoun
7 жыл бұрын
So are lions and sharks and any animal that eats meat a "level 5 meatard" too?
@SaltyCalhoun
7 жыл бұрын
CristianPerello What do you mean they cannot decide? Are you saying all they go off is biological instinct? In the comment section of a video saying animals have sentience?
That was awesome...BUT WHY..Why are humans not willing to accept the full sentience of other animals?
Your approach is excellent. You don't need to shove the awful videos down people's throats in order to make your points valid. Keep it up man! The animals love you for this. P.S... How long have you been Vegan?
@babbarsher413
5 жыл бұрын
The Roar Within he is vegan since 8 years
"Simply put, I believe Descartes was misguided and, there is no other way of saying, he was...he was a little bitch. Yes, he was a little bitch." LOL!
Mike is straight up one of the best dudes on the internet.
"That's more than I can say about a lot of people" that made me laugh! 6:10
Wasn't that long ago they performed surgery on human babies without anesthesia, because they believed they didn't feel pain. We have a lot to learn..
Very interesting. I find it difficult to believe that anyone wouldn't believe that animals are sentient beings. Great video as always.
@sleeplessmax
8 жыл бұрын
They're always in denial
glad to see you were able to re-upload
"We can't even speak Parrot! Just saying." If this video ended on this note, I wouldn't even be sorry.
Another AMAAAAAZING video, I love your work! Thank you for everything you do!
Anyone who has ever had a close relationship with a pet can’t doubt animal sentience. They have emotions, they come up with strategies to get what they want from you, they know when you’re sick. With cats and dogs it’s more obvious: but I’ve also kept mice for ten years (in a massive tank with lots of space, toys, and nice food) and they display the same emotions and responses as my cats. My dad is a gardener and works in lots of places that have chickens, ducks, and geese as pets. He says in the summer the chickens love to line up for him to shower them with a watering can because of the heat! I take this as proof that they have the ability to learn, because after he had done it the first time they then came back each time he was there, wanting their shower.
There’s one reason to dismiss the mirror test. That is - how is it exactly that we know those animals understand what reflection is? Maybe most of those animals who failed to pass like cats for example just have no way of knowing that the mirror reflects their image.
Rad video Mike 👍 I'm finding all your work really helpful and inspiring mate. Much respect and gratitude.
@MictheVegan
7 жыл бұрын
Thanks Kane, I appreciate the kind words.
@meowglab7702
7 жыл бұрын
Kane Mason you are another person with strangely different coloured hair! Are you Mike's long lost brother?
Great video Mike. That parrot kinda blew my mind. When a human learns how to follow instructions given in a Parrot's native tongue and even ask for some water maybe then I'll consider subscribing to the idiotic idea that humans are more intelligent than animals. (Not that it would have any impact on whether they're deserving of equal consideration...)
@bugyesz7517
8 жыл бұрын
+Veganism Unspun Animals don't have languages. They can communicate using sounds (just as plants communicate through chemicals) but that's by definition isn't a language And a human would never follow instructions given in a Parrot's native tongue, because the parrot is unable to give instructions because that would require arguing and reasoning, which are animals incapable of. The more time I spend on vegan videos the more I surprised I get how idiotic some of you are.
@VeganismUnspun
8 жыл бұрын
bugyesz Haha tell that to Koko, 'cos you could (she'd think less of you though).
@bugyesz7517
8 жыл бұрын
Veganism Unspun How does that refute anything I said? Cherry picking amongst a few great apes is logically invalid. And the level Koko communicates is still pretty much SHIT, compared to the level you and me are communicating. And don't be so sure, animals love me ;) sometimes more than I love them. Especially females, like bitches, honestly I'm not even kidding. Slept at my friends house the other day, two of her female dogs,I only just met them didn't leave my presence, slept with me on the couch even though they used to sleep with her every single night. (I have a theory that dogs sense hormones and they are more attracted to the opposite gender in humans)
@bugyesz7517
8 жыл бұрын
Veganism Unspun It was funny because there was a vegan girl there, who sung tales about how she loves animals, yet the dogs didn't give a shit about her, no matter how hard she tried :D They can sense that alpha carnivore mentality ;)
@Mayericana
6 жыл бұрын
Only one carnivore in a pack is alpha, and their vegan human masters are alpha prime. Nothing commanding about eating meat: vultures do it, maggots do it. I'll doff my hat to the vegan elephant over the omnivore rat any time.
Great video ! I was looking for some research on animal sentience and here it is. Thank you !
This video made me very emotional when you said how we are constantly looking for life elsewhere, but neglecting the rest of the species who inhabit this beautiful planet of ours along with us ;-( an Incredible and awesome connection that most people haven't made yet ... or comparing how a child locked up in a basement isn't gonna do as well as some other kids ... just chilling thoughts..... Anyone who loves animals should be vegan. Whole food vegan for life!!!!
There was this time where my grandma's dog (currently our family dog) was suffocating because his chain got hook in the fence of the house. The chickens that were also living there, noticed it, got nervous, and started to make so much noise that my granma could go out and save the dog. So yes to the chicken empathy, is so true ❤
Can't wait to see this channel blow up. Love your videos. Keep it up!!
Your videos are really well-made and interesting!!! Love them :)
Another well thought out video! Thank you!
Bravo, Mic! Bravo! This is a beautifully illustrated argument against that most insidious of animal oppressing arguments, hierarchism.
This still really shocks me. I wish I could say that I truly understand that so many animals are sentient, but knowing is still not the same. I'm so glad I went vegan and I continue to seek out information every single day to educate myself. Thank you for these video's Mike, they make the whole process more managable.
@solidus1995
Жыл бұрын
I mean it is difficult to grapple with but I do not think it is a reason to become vegan. We are still also evolved to eat meat. We are just doing it in mass. The problem is really population size per advanced country.
@An-Visitor
Жыл бұрын
@@solidus1995 true
@nightmarerex2035
Жыл бұрын
untill scintist find out plants are sentinent..... or wait there allready test showed that THEY ARE!
You are a brilliant teacher, thanks for another amazing video man!
Always so knowledgeable… thank you
Great video, keep 'em coming!
Great info presented in an interesting way,keep it up man !
Your videos are very informative! Thank you
Love, love, love this video! Thank you so much!
Amazing video Mic
Excellent video!
Great video Mic thank you !!!!
Nice video as per usual buddy
I just shared this again as a resource. Such a powerful body of work.
I love these videos, so educational! :)
this one was short and really good!
excellent as usual!
Very good as always. 👍🏼😊.
So good as always! 💖👍
Great video, Mike. Cool dog you have.
can't argue with that logic! awesome work mic :)
Good work
I cam across some wild chickens and they acted nothing like caged chickens. They had a leader and they ran to the aid of another who called out at one point. They were watching me too, and when I came too close they squawked at me and his in the brushes, watching me until I left. They, like all animals, are definitely intelligent and it pisses me off when people claim otherwise.
Very good video!!!
Amazing video!
Love your approach - one of the best vegan channels out there!
Hey, I can speak a bit of blackbird! ;) That parrot is so clever. My birds have started to look in the mirror, I will be interested to see how this develops. Great video! :)
Animals are sentient AF
@danieldsouza2812
8 жыл бұрын
Birds can count by a system of base-seven.
@malinrobbins7779
7 жыл бұрын
Doug bananaboy I know right! If you could meet my four animals that live with me, there sentients is undeniable.
Calling a animal non-sentient is like calling someone a watermelon
And love the dog with the yellow glasses!
excellent video👏👏👏👏👏👏👏
animals are really sentient. more than us. their senses are so much more developed. eg sense of smell, hearing, etc. look into their eyes.
You are awesome man
You Are So Awesomeeeeee! ❤❤❤
This video helped me so much! A couple of people have told me barely any animals have sentience but that’s not true! And I knew it!
Great vid. Very informative as usual :). Animals are indeed sentient beings that can think and feel. Absolutely wonderful vid.
now you done got me hype for a mic the vegan e-book
I like you. Good info.
My female dog got upset with me and didnt even turn her face towards me because i did'nt pat her instead i pat other small dog. she ran and came other day but still did'nt wana talk with me. By that experince i understood dogs are sentient and if dogs are sentient than its quite possible that other animals must be sentient as well not at the same level but must be at some level.
You are awesome!
Can we get more of Philosophy Dog in future videos?
+Mic. the Vegan hi Mic. just something to think about, when we refer to animals "it" rather than ""they" or"them" it perpetuates the idea of "they are *something* rather than someone".. with respect to Anita Krajnc. No one likes a back-seat-driver, so someday you can come to my work and tell me how to sweep up. It'd only be fair. :-)
@sleeplessmax
8 жыл бұрын
XD I always have a problem with that. Everytime someone calls my bunnies "its" I stare them in the eye and say, "THEY."
@MictheVegan
8 жыл бұрын
+PercivalBlakeney I know what you meat. I have been trying to work on that but due to years of conditioning I only remember like 1 in 4 times. Thanks for the input.
@PercivalBlakeney
8 жыл бұрын
+Mako Yuhara ありがとうございます!! 😆 This is what most non-vegos don't understand. It's a small but dangerous step from calling animals "it", to calling babies and children "it"... and from there... well I'd rather not say. Thanks Mako 😆
@PercivalBlakeney
8 жыл бұрын
+Mic. the Vegan hi Mic. you probably won't believe this (ie I hope I'm wrong), but Richard/ "Vegan Gains" occasionally does the same thing in His videos. Hard to believe that it's not just me with "feet of clay". When I start making videos m'self (hail glorious day) you can pick apart MY (mis)use of English... with impunity. Thanks for taking it so well though (Prov 9:9 and all that :-p). PB 😸
@Elmochickawa
8 жыл бұрын
Hmm interesting, although I listened to this video and he didn't refer to animals as it. Unless u are talking about previous videos
Now I'm curious what you took out! Great as it is tho.
"we can't even speak parrot " XD
so trippy that birds are basically dinosaurs and to think that they are removed from us soooo far back in evolution history, the reptile and the mammal differentiation, yet even as far back as we've been separated, reptiles and birds like that african grey show us how conscious and aware and smart they are just like us. amazing to think, even how far distant relatives we mammals are to them, we all developed our consciousness and can still communicate with each other.
This just reminds me of the old saying about if you judge a duck by its ability to climb a tree, the animal is believed to be stupid. We keep comparing all beings based on the human perspective. Since humans like to use brain size as a determining factor, compared to elephants we are stupid.
Yeah i think most people think of "sentient" but really mean "capable of thinking like a human/Building tools/using tools"
I've always thought that the more intelligent a creature, the more sentient it is.
@ratreptile
Жыл бұрын
I don't think that relationship actually works. When I was a child, I was not any less sentient than I am now, and yet, I was a whole lot dumber.
OMG! Did that parrot just ask for some water? 😮 4:10
When I mess with my rooster I notice his eyes change when he gets annoyed/mad
truly revelious
Really good point that humans look for sentient beings on other planets but deny that many earthly animals possess it.
Wonderful point that we seek intelligence elsewhere but not appreciate it among us
There's no question. They are as sentient as we are.
😆😆😆 love the dog impression! hahaha...
Chickens used to be used as old time arcade games...they learned to play tic tac toe and win some times
Love you
I've been laughing the whole video. This dude is funny. Vegetables with legs killed me 🤣😂😭
Hi, Mic. Thank you for posting this! Very informative. I was just wondering how many scientists still believe animals are not sentient/conscious? Is it because they want to continue with animal testing and is just an excuse? It just seems all the evidence points to sentience, so I’m wondering how they could possibly deny this.
This video really could use a revamp.
omygod was that a real dog or a muppet? that was the most adorable dog ever. most adorable piece of footage i ever seen.
love it :) I was wondering if you're feeding ur dog vegan food and maybe could make a video on the subject?
@Elmochickawa
8 жыл бұрын
We do indeed feed him vegan food. There's a dry food brand we buy from loving hut. When we make our own we feed him a mix of sweet potatoes, tofu, flax, hemp oil, beets, squashes, chickpeas, and a supplement called vegedog to make sure he isn't missing anything.
Amazing finds Mike. Too bad we even need this kind of research.
Hahaha your dog talking about Descartes :D
Honestly! You don’t have to be a scientist to know this. You only have to be a semi-observant human being walking planet earth. It’s as plain as the nose on your face. I think it’s a shame that you need to emphasise this point.
Descartes was actually a pretty smart guy. He was a great mathematician and philosopher. You can't know everything though and everyone makes mistakes.
Cows seem to appreciate music. There are videos of people playing a musical instrument in a pasture and all the cows come closer to hear it.
I'm not vegan, but I've always thought that it's ridiculous how we ask how smart animals are the way we do. I've always felt like any animal can reach close to, or surpass, human intelligence if we strive to find it. I don't think it's far fetched that a chicken could achieve humanlike IQ's. The more you learn about how animals interact with their environment and each other you realize that our actions are far from unique and we only got here through survival necessity.