"...a profound reminder, the deepest threats to the European project today as then, come not from outside, but from France"

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

lmao

@alezar2035

Жыл бұрын

Ιronically, France is now the most federal member, while the Dutch have become fiercely anti federal

@bosniankumquat1835

10 ай бұрын

@@alezar2035federalism is easy when you have the biggest stick in the club house .

@Spido68_the_spectator

10 ай бұрын

The UK played its part very well when it was in. Because they wanted to shape it to their liking (a purelly trade bloc) while it wasn't the goal.

@wildfire9280

10 ай бұрын

@@bosniankumquat1835 You’d have an easier time getting up there if you involved yourself in the clubhouse.

Well Post-De Gaulle France is very different. Also ironic that De Gaulle greatest fear became true as a result of this "confederate policy".

Just what I needed today, a comprehensive video about an EEC-crisis; as a political student, this is hot chocolate on a cold winter evening. It's making me wonder whether to pursue a career in becoming a Eurocrat, or a national bureaucrat. Seems like Europe's dilemma holds true even at the individual level. It might be more my bias seeping out, but KZread needed a high quality, (social?) liberal minded and democratic confirmatory channel. Thank you a lot for putting in the effort, I hope this is only the start!

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

What a thoughtful and kind comment. It means a lot that our mission speaks to people like you. We too hope it’s just the start :)

@barmybarmecide5390

Жыл бұрын

I share the sentiment completely, wonderful to hear another say it

PIN FOR CORRECTIONS: We had a bit of a mixup in the writing/editing process. This crisis took place between 1965-1966. So add one year to whatever it says in the top left. Whoops!

@skorp5677

Жыл бұрын

You didn't pin the pin :)

So 2 tiers of European communities seems compelling. A federal tier for countries who prefer a better European integration and a confederation tier for countries who prefer national sovereignty but still adhere to European identity.

@alezar2035

Жыл бұрын

This is what the EPC and EU are set to be

@thebritishguy4709

3 ай бұрын

As a Brit, though I can't say I speak for most people in my country given the divisiveness of the issue, would much rather have a confederacy where sovereignty ultimately lies with nation states. A toothless EU is no problem for me, if one minister blocks a motion what stops all the other countries implementing the policy on a national level anyway and leaving the other alone. I am still skeptical of the two tier Europe idea though it does seem promising.

Even though it wasn't the goal of the video. This is best explanation of how the EU differs from the USA I've seen. Fantastic Video!!

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Not the goal, but certainly a welcome side-effect. And hey, that's not a bad video topic idea....

@ReallyRealBenMills

10 ай бұрын

I think it would be interesting to compare EU integration to the American constitutional convention and how the Constitutional order evolved up until about Reconstruction.@@spectacles-dm

Interestingly enough, the modern governance of the US is weighted much more towards the federal government than was originally intended. This conflict within the EU may be the thing that actually results in the preservation of the European project. Slowing down decision making at the highest level ensures that only the broadest coalition can impose decisions on the majority. Republicanism requires the protection of the rights of the political minority.

Every country having a veto is a dysfunctional and makes outside interference easy. Right now Hungary is the biggest problem(Poland has pretty much returned to the fold with the war in Ukraine) What it reminds me is how the Polish Commonwealth ended with the Russian empire buying a few nobles to use their liberum veto. Effectively making the state unable to do anything and then being partitioned during the 1700s. That being said, I also don't think a simple majority voting is good either. This would leave many smaller countries with special circumstances(like the nordic countries) in a very bad situation. Finland and Sweden can not have the same agricultural demands as Poland and Bulgaria. Just the climate is too different. Maybe a 2/4 or 3/4 supermajority vote needed would be better in making decisions.

@user-cu9kd8ko2i

Жыл бұрын

If to leave such system, only with minimal power of common institutions and maximal power of national governmental bodies.

this is a stunning video, great explanation to a situation i have always struggled to understand

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Thanks so much! If you want to learn more, check out the core source on our sources page. It's a really good breakdown of the whole thing in much greater detail

Surprised you don't have more subscribers, great video btw. Also as a French person i didn't even know about this crisis, so thank you.

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Thanks so much!

@x-a-

10 ай бұрын

"as a French person i didn't even know about this crisis" Well shame, its in french school programs.

@Elta305

10 ай бұрын

@@x-a- As a frenchman, I knew about this but I didn't learned it from the school program

Your channel is criminally under watched. Im sure you will see a future of success mr spectacles. Im a big fan! Ive wanted to make a channel like yours for years now. But youve made it and its beautiful, engaging and entertaining all in one!

Sometimes the KZread algorithm blesses you with a rare undiscovered gem. This channel is one of those gems... 💎

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Thank you!

The Empire with no emperor, the empty chair where no one should seat.

@Conorp77

Жыл бұрын

Until someone decides to by force

I really enjoyed your videos. They are packed with information yet short enough for the algorithm(as well as the average attention-span). Good job! 👍

Thank you so much for this video! Comprehensive, in-depth, eye pleasing and an intriguing topic :) Can't wait to see more! I was sent here by Hoog, another KZreadr talking EU topics. Can definitely recommend their videos after you have watched all on this channel!

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

More to come!

Great video, thanks guys!

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Glad you enjoyed it!

solid editing, this channel will grow for sure

Great video and 3d animations guys!

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Thank you so much. Can't believe I missed this!

Great video, I did not know about this. Hope this channels pick up momentum

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

You and me both!

Oooh this is going to be an exciting video Ok this was a topic i have never seen in a video and I love it. The topic is one that I would like to know about the EU's history as an institution. Yes the division within the EU with the hungary and poland tieup is concerning and from this video i know where it came from.

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Thank you so much!

Great video!

I just subscribed from your intro, but after watching, I have to applaud you. Your videos are amazing at both original and 2x speed (how i watch most videos). You are a good researcher and a great orator.

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Wow, thank you!

Brilliant. Thank you for this.

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Glad you enjoyed it!

Good analysis

thank you! I'm yet another political science student and this video is a great help! ❤

This makes me wonder if the US would be in a similair state, were it not for the strong federalist reconciliation after the civil war that applied constitutional rights to state law

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Great point! There's a reason we closed the video with a reference to Europe's "division against itself." Remind you of any particular speech by any particular president?

@IkeOkerekeNews

11 ай бұрын

By that point the US was already much more centralized than what the EU was before (even pre-Civil War). Also, political bargaining in the US is still very much based around regional/"state" interests.

@arx3516

10 ай бұрын

Reconciliation? More like beating the break away states into submission.

This was fun to watch

Great channel

European federalism definitely faced and faces tremendous challenges historically and nowadays. Interesting video.

Good video. I would like to point two small caveats. It could be argued that De Gaulle and much of the French public along with wanting to preserve France's dominant status at the time was very afraid of Germany's power on the ECC one the best example was France's refusal for an embryonic common European Army this was due to concern that the West German army had reinstated nazy officers and soldiers in its ranks. Big no no for the French whose parliament rejected the proposal. Second De Gaulle was wary that further integration and federalization would lead to expansion of the EEC and less decision making power for France. Third and this for it's worth is more of an observation and personal beliefs. De Gaulle was right when it came to bureaucracy. Not necessarly in the sense that states should have strong power at the expanse of federalism but far more when it comes to a European comission that sometimes takes decision against the wishes of both the European Parliament and the various European people in the various states of the E.U. One of the most clear and blatant example was the appointment of Scott Fiona Morton Hill to the position of E.U comissioner to digital technology and big corporations like Facebook, Google, Amazon. This started a wave of protests in both E.U countries who were opposed to her nomination and all of the E.U parliament groups who were all opposed to her nomination due to her past work life as lawyer for these companies. Furthermore there were fears that due to her American nationality she would act in America's interests not the E.U's. To conclude I would say that even though I'm opposed to Poland and Hungary's use of the Veto to avoid having to follow the rule of law and separation of powers. I'm also opposed to the E.U in its current form because of the thousands of lobbyists and big businesses's influence on the EU institutions. Feel free to disagree with me.

Damn, this video is truly amazing.

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Thank you so much. Glad you enjoyed it!

Hoog is always recommending the right videos to satisfy my euro political infatuations. Also, France seems be historically hardline on many negotiations, wonder why

@charlesmadre5568

Жыл бұрын

France always views itself as either a global superpower, or at least on the path to re-establishing itself as a global superpower. That leads to self-confidence and thinking they're the big guy. Secondly, French political culture is now unique in Europe in being highly highly adversarial. They're the only EU country (now that the UK left) that doesn't have any dose whatsoever of PR in its electoral system. Each side views its ideology as one of political struggle and compromise is seen as a bad word.

@Desmaad

Жыл бұрын

​@@charlesmadre5568 Sounds very American.

@charlesmadre5568

Жыл бұрын

@@Desmaad France is like the US in many ways. They're both republics born in the 18th century.

@Desmaad

Жыл бұрын

@@charlesmadre5568 Except the US republic has actually existed continuously since it's founding. France's has had a few interruptions.

@charlesmadre5568

Жыл бұрын

@@Desmaad To be fair by French standards the US would be on their Second Republic.

DeGaulle is a perfect example of why you should never, ever let a wartime leader do the job in peacetime. DeGaulle was in love with the kind of overarching power that a wartime leader has. That, and he was a jerk of the first water. Arrogant, egotistical and fully convinced that only he knew the right answers. There might also have been a lingering resentment that France had to be liberated from the German occupation. Sometimes, that kind of rescue generates hostility rather than gratitude.

The USA was in this exact same position until the Civil War. It took the North's defeat of the South for federalism to defeat confederalism.

@IkeOkerekeNews

11 ай бұрын

The US was a federation before and after the Civil War. What you are talking about was the switch from the Articles of Confederation to the current Constitution.

The better approach to making the threat of renewed European division and war impossible would be to focus on evolving all member states into post national states with pluralistic, liberal democratic systems footed on immigration while there should be no EU super states, more subsidiarity and possibly also no more common currency.

Another banger

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Bless

one big difference between then and now is, that then, the "unhappy" one was a net contributor and now, the "unhappy" ones are net beneficiaries of the EU. And even the example of Brexit (the one recent net contributor unhappy one) show the weakness of the argument for being out of the Union... I highly doubt that Poland or Hungary... or Greece for that matter (ref to the after 2008 crisis), would really choose to leave, in a normal situation... here come populism, the bane of peoples real interest...

god damn this video is good

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Thanks!

whoa I have 2 chairs like that in my living room!

What about a Federalish core with a looser periphery? Sounds like a compromise, but I'm no political scientist... Excellent video!

@fra604

Жыл бұрын

That's the concept of a two-speed Europe - lots of people believe it should happen

@NoName-hg6cc

11 ай бұрын

@@fra604 Heck no. It's all together or nothing

@IkeOkerekeNews

11 ай бұрын

@@NoName-hg6cc Makes a lot of sense to me. Why shouldn't this happen?

@NoName-hg6cc

11 ай бұрын

@@IkeOkerekeNews It wouldn't be Europe. It would be an abomination

@IkeOkerekeNews

11 ай бұрын

@@NoName-hg6cc How?

The part of Germany in the EEC shown on the map at 0:49 didn't look like that in 1965!

Wasn't aware of the long term negative effect of this crisis.

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Glad to help!

Nice

Why have we mostly heard only about the European Common Market during all this in the US? This slant has been that the EU and the Eurozone was a natural organic outgrowth of the Common Market, rather than a long-standing plan to subvert and submerge national sovereignty in some United States of Europe which necessarily carries with it the same gigantism and obliteration of local self-rule as does our own united system of 50 entities which we increasingly learn are manipulated and bullied by a combination of unelected bureaucrats in Washington DC and an often ossified elected legislature which fails to move it all and when it does moves in lockstep under a dominant party passing massive 1000 to 10000 page legislative bills which most so-called Representatives either have not read or do not understand. And when the separate legislative houses in the competing political parties are in legitimate concert, we the people can count on an unelected administrative state to write intrusive regulations interpreting, limiting or exaggerating the regulatory reach. From over here it looks like the only reason that the UN works in any resistance to the tyranny of the majority is the veto power attained by the major Powers after WWII. This evolution of a Unified Europe seems to have progressed from a benign coalition with the implicit goal of resisting aggression and preventing War to the power-hungry monolith which did everything within its power to not bargain in good faith with an exiting United Kingdom and which supports a banking system imposing one-size-fits-all monetary policy which is almost Vie definition out of joint with a fiscal policies of the individual nations The EU looks more and more like a model for consensus-building in the imposition of a single point of control grid dominated by technocratic globalists

Interesting.

Thanks dude i hope I'll pass ny exam

hey loved the video but i think you messed up the dates, it supposed to be 1965 and 1966 not 1964

Definitely feels like something they should have agreed on beforehand.

You should remove the timer from the bottom and the chapter format. Your videos arent that long and your an excellent storyteller. It makes it hard to get lost in the story when theres a timer at the bottom and youre interrupting the flow every 3 minutes

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Appreciate the compliment and the input! Some viewers have said they love this - others not so much. It's hard to tell which way to go, but we'll always be experimenting.

@gargeebanerjee2333

Жыл бұрын

​@@spectacles-dm the chapter format gives nice anesthetics imo

It's always that croissant the troublemaker

"I thought we were an autonomous collective."

So now with hindsight, De Gaulle and France were totally right?

Hi

The way Europe is going rn I would t be surprised if a empty chair really did invent the place lol

The European project was created by the French and the Americans, to serve French and American interests. The French demanded security against Germany, the Americans wanted a united front against the USSR. If the French are out, or without minimal US security guarantees through NATO, there is no European project possible.

So...Frexit bad?

The French title is "How Charles de Gaulle broke down Europe" Then it says "you're probably thinking, what a clickbait title! An empty chair?..." That makes no sense. I really hate video translations.

If only he had broken it for good.

in 1964 France was only willing to discuss an agricultural budget. Today Imperialist Europe is bulldozing Dutch farms, cause nobody needs locally grown food.

I really love your content, hopefully this feedback is useful: I clicked on this video because I know your channel and trust that the content will be interesting, but these vague titles don't really inspire engagement in my opinion, for people who aren't familiar with your channel I'm not sure they would be drawn to a video with a title that could mean almost anything and doesn't make itself clear as to what the subject matter is.

De Gaulle 🥳🥳🇫🇷🥳🥳

Thought I was going to wach a talking steriotipical french chair, good video though

Its always either the french or the english omg.

... I thought this video was about a chair inventing europe not breaking it, atleast hes not apologetic about the click bait I did click on it

Wait, why the fuck are you showing Crimea as Muscovian???

Algo

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Thank you!

Casually forgetting the French propositions to unite Europe, like the Plan Fouchet in 1961.

@NoName-hg6cc

10 ай бұрын

After rejecting the European Defence in 1954 which would have created it. All because French Médiocrité wanted to reaffirm France as a power with a little empire of its own

@pierren___

10 ай бұрын

@@NoName-hg6cc and proposed by Pleven French minister...

@NoName-hg6cc

10 ай бұрын

@@pierren___ And? It was aborted by the French

@pierren___

10 ай бұрын

@@NoName-hg6cc assembly / government

@NoName-hg6cc

10 ай бұрын

@@pierren___ Yes, the French people who voted for those

Eat ze bug und you vill be happy

Europe was invented by the Greeks in the 6th century BC.

It’s funny to hear that France wants to “save” Europe when IT needed some saving decades prior. 😂😂

De Gaulle was 100% right and we can clearly see it today.

This makes me see the EU in an entirely new light. It also makes me think the EU is doomed to fail...

@cocolasticot9027

Жыл бұрын

Interestingly, I makes me think the exact opposite. Having a margin of manoeuvre for the countries of Europe may just be what is needed to keep them working together and not back out.

@sotch2271

Жыл бұрын

@@cocolasticot9027 maybe just cooperating between countrys like it has been done for century is better

@cocolasticot9027

Жыл бұрын

@@sotch2271 Well Europe isn't exactly known for just nicely cooperating. Don't get me wrong, I don't like everything about the UE. But keeping peace in Europe is one big benefit I see.

@thegarfield2414

10 ай бұрын

@@sotch2271 "Cooperating like it has been done for centuries" :)))))))))))))))) Do you realise that nation states have only existed since the 19th century and Europe has been at war for most of the time?

@NoName-hg6cc

10 ай бұрын

It is only if it doesn't federalize

The EU was never intended to be a federation or to become a nation-state, it's remarkable to see how incredibly successful the EU has become and has indeed resulted in the longest period of peace between the members, in history. Comparisons with the USA or federal countries are not really relevant, the EU was and is a unique initiative as a union of sovereign states, there is nothing like it.

@harryclennon6745

Жыл бұрын

Simply untrue that none of the theorists, politicians, and bureaucrats of the post war European Communities ever envisioned an eventual federation

@JeffJeff-kh9kh

Жыл бұрын

@@harryclennon6745 no, it's simply untrue to pretend that there has ever been any intention by a majority to want a EU federal state. It's just not true. Are there people who might have wanted it or still do? Yes, of course, but I prefer to focus my attention on actual EU policy, the Aqcuis and majority positions over the past 70 years. What I'm saying is: people should stop comparing the EU to a federal state or the USA, these comparisons are useless, ill-informed and fail to highlight the reasons and objectives of the EU's structures, policies and aims, for good and for worse.

@fra604

Жыл бұрын

@@JeffJeff-kh9kh Oh, please. Adenauer, Schuman and De Gasperi very clearly wanted a European federation - they stated it. To say that no one wanted it is a made-up lie

@JeffJeff-kh9kh

Жыл бұрын

@@fra604 I very specifically have NOT said that no one wanted it, please don't put words in my mouth. Likewise, please refrain from calling me a liar, it's very unbecoming.

@fra604

Жыл бұрын

@@JeffJeff-kh9kh Fair, I was too aggressive. But at the beginning the overwhelming majority of the political elite was for a federation, even if there were currents against it

I am strongly against the notion of a European Federation or that the European institutions are what kept the continent out of conflict, but this is nonetheless a very well researched and informative video, thank you.

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Thank you so much!

@NoName-hg6cc

11 ай бұрын

So you'd like to go back to the old good times of war between brothers?

@ShadowSkryba

11 ай бұрын

@@NoName-hg6cc Of course not, I just don't view the expansion of EU's institutions as necesarry for upholding peace.

@NoName-hg6cc

11 ай бұрын

@@ShadowSkryba I think they are. Beside we need a voice in the world stage

@ShadowSkryba

11 ай бұрын

@@NoName-hg6cc The costs of war far outweigh any benefits, especially since we've given up the idea of glorious expansionism. And as for representation, the EU doesn't need dominance over its members for that.

Fantastic video. More reasons to pile on the French, love it. Keep it up!

@cocolasticot9027

Жыл бұрын

On the contrary, I see one more reason to root for us :p

@spectacles-dm

Жыл бұрын

Glad you liked it! However, the french are friends, not foes!

DeGaulle was a miserable man.

@NoName-hg6cc

11 ай бұрын

Indeed

@franknwogu4911

10 ай бұрын

i mean he kept complaining about the us and uk while he had colonies of his own@@kleijnee701

@NoName-hg6cc

10 ай бұрын

@@kleijnee701 Typical French "muh De GaUllE wAs ThE beST EVEr bECAUse ViVe lA FrAnCe1" Got to accept Reality dude. He was a shitty person

How about count Richard Coudenhove Kalergi ? De Gaulles opinion was exactly the opposite of Kalergi's !

i just disliked because of clickbait but subscribed as i like this kind of content

@spectacles-dm

10 ай бұрын

🤔🤔🤔🤔🤔

@dispatcher22z20

10 ай бұрын

i dont like how videos get so many likes people are too kind these days so i dislike a video if a spot a single mistake to try somewhat even out the like to dislikes ratio you are 1 of many channels i am subbed to that i regularly dislike videos on@@spectacles-dm

Great video!

Great video!