HorizonHobby.com How-To: Understanding RC Motor Technology

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It's amazing to see how far electric motor technology has come over the years. From closed end bell 540-size Johnson or Mabuchi motors to open end bell hand-wound modified motors, and now brushless motors, it's amazing to see just how far motor technology has come. With all the different types of motors and technologies in use, things can get quite confusing. We're here to help demystify motor tech and provide the answers you'll need in understanding your electric motor system. In addition, we've also put together a comprehensive list of terms below to help you better understand the different technologies out there, how they work and what this all means to you.
Armature-The central component in a brushed motor. The commutator, stack and windings are all mounted to the armature.
Brushed Motor-An electric motor that utilizes brushes rubbing against a commutator to transfer electrical current to create rotation. Brushed motors are inexpensive to produce, but require frequent maintenance to ensure the motor will continue to perform at a high level.
Can-The main "body" of an electric motor. The can houses the magnets in a brushed motor and the stator in a brushless motor.
Closed End Bell Motor-A brushed motor that is not designed to be readily serviced. Closed end bell motors tend to have shorter life spans compared to open end bell motors due to the fact that the commutators and brushes cannot be easily cleaned or replaced.
Commutator (A.K.A. Comm)-A rotary electrical switch in brushed motors. The commutator is copper in color, mounted to the top of the armature and features three segments. The brushes ride against the commutator and transfer current to generate rotation.
End Bell-The top-most portion of a motor. On a brushed motor, the end bell houses the brushes, brush springs, a bearing or bushing and, often, some sort of capacitor.
Kv-A rating of performance for brushless motors. While Kv ratings are occasionally applied to sensored motors, sensorless brushless motors are almost always rated by Kv. The higher the Kv rating of a motor the faster it will be. Kv refers to the number of RPM a motor will produce for each volt of power input to it For example a 1,000Kv motor would produce roughly 7,400 RPM at 7.4 volts.
Open End Bell Motor-A brushed motor that has been designed in a way to allow you to service and clean the commutator, replace the brushes and the springs. Some open end bell motors, known as rebuildable, also allow you to completely remove the end bell, making it possible to completely remove armature from the can for easier maintenance or replacement.
Sensored Brushless Motor-A type of brushless motor that utilizes special sensors, called Hall Effect Sensor, to connect the motor to the Electronic Speed Controller. The purpose of this sensor wire is to allow the Electronic Speed Controller (ESC) to better monitor the position of the rotor in relation to the stator to provide smooth and consistent throttle response. Sensored motors are used for sanctioned racing and are rated in turns.
Sensorless Brushless Motors-A type of brushless motor that does not use any sort of Hall Effect Sensors to connect the motor to the Electronic Speed Controller (ESC). Due to the simpler construction and design, sensorless brushless motors are less expensive. Sensorless motors are generally rated in Kv. The higher the Kv rating, the faster the motor will be.
Stator-The "can" of a brushless motor. The stator is the part of a brushless motor that houses the windings.
Turn (A.K.A. Wind)-The number of times a length of wire is wrapped around a stack in a brushed motor or the stator in a brushless motor. The more turns a motor has, the more wire was used in its construction. Having more wire not only increases the rotating mass of a brushed motor's armature, but also increases the resistance, reduces efficiency and slows the motor down. The lower the turn of the motor (generally speaking) the faster it will be.
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Пікірлер: 359

  • @danseto1745
    @danseto17453 жыл бұрын

    Horizon as a company has been a pleasure to deal with. Bought Axial Jeep JLU in late Nov 2020 and it had a faulty servo on the DIG function. I live in Canada and Horizon warranty the servo on my word telling them. Shipped prepaid and arrived in less than two weeks. This video is very helpful when being bombarded with what's available to buy for aftermarket motors. So Thanks for making these videos.

  • @dylanwhite6539
    @dylanwhite65394 жыл бұрын

    I felt the need to put this out there, the reason for 3 wires vs 2 wires on BL vs B is more so due to the commutation. A brushless esc needs to have an electronic commutator inside rather than the physical of the brushed.

  • @surprisepowertv9915
    @surprisepowertv99153 жыл бұрын

    Very awesome - even 12 years later! I watched it all and took notes!

  • @cm6gaming259
    @cm6gaming2595 жыл бұрын

    Best video ever made on KZread. THANK YOU!!!

  • @costaricaflyer1532
    @costaricaflyer15328 жыл бұрын

    OUTSTANDING video! Very informative. I fly quads and am moving up to brushless motors so even tho you were talking about RC vehicles, it still translated well into how it would apply to quad multi-rotors. Many thanks for a great video.

  • @pirhala
    @pirhala6 жыл бұрын

    Very well spoken!!! We need more info about RC from this guy here. 👏🏻

  • @centersnare32
    @centersnare328 жыл бұрын

    Extremely well made, informative video. I definitely learned a lot as a new comer to the RC car hobby!

  • @horizonhobby
    @horizonhobby11 жыл бұрын

    It is specific to each motor honestly. Most high-performance brushed motors aren't being produced any longer as most of these manufacturers have moved to brushless technology.

  • @playerDJFL
    @playerDJFL7 жыл бұрын

    Very detailed video, thank you for your knowledge!

  • @humlakullen
    @humlakullen2 жыл бұрын

    Awesome review... Thanks a bunch!

  • @Spacesprocketz
    @Spacesprocketz8 жыл бұрын

    Thanks bro, I needed this!

  • @dylanlong1887
    @dylanlong188710 жыл бұрын

    Thanks I'm a big fan! Thanks for the help. Your one of the best rc channels!!!!!

  • @financialloser
    @financialloser5 жыл бұрын

    Your knowledge on this topic is awesome. Really appreciate you taking the late nights opening and playing with different motors. Takes a lot of patience, and a very cool wife if u know what I mean. I have to sneak my RC time in. And everyone knows that once u sit down and Start dissecting for hours without noticing

  • @MattPym
    @MattPym10 жыл бұрын

    That was an excellent video, it really cleared up the whole Brushless motor technology for me.... Now, to learn about lithium batteries and esc for brushless. This is what I get for 3 years out of the hobby haha

  • @pedrolahoz
    @pedrolahoz2 жыл бұрын

    You are an excellent teacher!!

  • @LazerLord10
    @LazerLord1010 жыл бұрын

    Thank you. I was always wondering why brushless motors needed a special ESC.

  • @chunkynugget
    @chunkynugget9 жыл бұрын

    Sir, you explain like a Boss! Thank you!

  • @simbak619
    @simbak6199 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the great vid! Learnt heaps!!!

  • @dgs27mich
    @dgs27mich11 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, that will help me a lot when it comes time to up grade my old Slash to brushless.

  • @nmadsenID
    @nmadsenID7 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the info! This is great.

  • @rodcognito002
    @rodcognito0029 жыл бұрын

    THANK YOU. So many questions answered that I didn't even know I had. LOL

  • @MCm0u5e
    @MCm0u5e11 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot for the all the info , Great vid !

  • @jynx-vu2zc
    @jynx-vu2zc4 жыл бұрын

    This was so helpful . Thank you !!

  • @WouterTomme
    @WouterTomme11 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for an excellent explanation ! This is what i was looking for.Thanks again.

  • @emmanuelmeyermeyer1083
    @emmanuelmeyermeyer10833 жыл бұрын

    Very good video. Very informative. I learned alot since I took my team Losi buggy and my Traxus truck out of the closet after years of storage. I have watched alot of your videos and learned what's in and what's out. Thank You.

  • @NeutralGenericUser
    @NeutralGenericUser10 жыл бұрын

    Great video! Thank you so much!

  • @russellcupples2170
    @russellcupples21707 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so very much for the tutorial . It helped a lot.

  • @BernieRunns
    @BernieRunns11 жыл бұрын

    Great video, it really helped me understand how the brushless systems work. Thumbs up.

  • @mattsmith010171
    @mattsmith01017110 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, this video was very helpful in knowing the difference between brush and brushless motors. Plus I couldn't remember if more or less turns on a brush motor made it faster or slower. Very good info for RC car motors.

  • @JustAnotherOldMan
    @JustAnotherOldMan Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the great instructional intro to these motors ! Great work and easily understood

  • @RCTrailblazr
    @RCTrailblazr7 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for sharing guys!!👍👍

  • @JH-xy2ng
    @JH-xy2ng4 жыл бұрын

    He got me pump about building my brushless motor in my 1/10 scale 💪🏿🔥🔥🔥👌🏿💯

  • @TheFluffyVanquisher
    @TheFluffyVanquisher11 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot! I've learned a lot about motors now :)

  • @ShogunGlock
    @ShogunGlock7 жыл бұрын

    Awesome vid! Helped me understand electric motors a bit more. I'm a nitro guy, but i'm willing to try to understand the other side of rc. Lol, good job sir!

  • @JohnM-sz2vh
    @JohnM-sz2vh9 жыл бұрын

    Great explanation, thanks!

  • @matthewprior3762
    @matthewprior37625 жыл бұрын

    I love these videos with this guy. 😎 i always think of him as an RC professor. Hes taught me ALOT as a young RC wannabe.

  • @RoXolid

    @RoXolid

    3 жыл бұрын

    I'm a little late to see this comment but thank you for the kind words - Gary

  • @supportus5430
    @supportus54308 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for the info!

  • @arangovelascojorge
    @arangovelascojorge11 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the explanation, very clear!!!

  • @ieatglueathome
    @ieatglueathome10 жыл бұрын

    FInally, I understand Brushless motors and what T means. Thanks man!

  • @ToneGallis
    @ToneGallis7 жыл бұрын

    good video for breaking down the basics

  • @pvantuel
    @pvantuel8 жыл бұрын

    Fantastic tutorial. Thanks

  • @johnconrad5487
    @johnconrad54878 жыл бұрын

    very good. thanks a lot! enjoyed all three of your videos

  • @timglass6041
    @timglass60414 жыл бұрын

    Thank you Sir, Good presentation, Now I know what I didn't know before.

  • @jamesvant1026
    @jamesvant10268 жыл бұрын

    excellent video ! thanks

  • @horizonhobby
    @horizonhobby11 жыл бұрын

    I understand what you are saying. With any "sealed endbell" motor there is the opportunity to "pop" the endbell off by applying enough pressure to the tabs to make them spread. This motor is not designed to have the timing adjusted once it has been assembled.

  • @K8Nicole
    @K8Nicole10 жыл бұрын

    Great video. Thank you

  • @Cus2omBuilds
    @Cus2omBuilds9 жыл бұрын

    Very good video, very informative, thankyou for sharing!

  • @chromezeta
    @chromezeta11 жыл бұрын

    Great! Thanks for all the help. I sincerely appreciate the responses as some people wont even reply. Thanks again.

  • @Greywolf74
    @Greywolf7411 жыл бұрын

    That is a very informative and nicely explained video. I attempted to do a video not to dissimilar to this a little while back and while I did have a lot of the basic right I wasnt able to go nearly as in depth as you guys did here mostly because I have very little experience with brushed motors.

  • @davidraymondsmit
    @davidraymondsmit10 жыл бұрын

    thank you for your vide.,it is very informative.I use to race rc 10s with my dad back in the mid 80s I am thinking of getting back into the game.and thgis video is very helpful as far as info on dif motors..thank you again.very nice video.keep up the good work.

  • @JMOSORT
    @JMOSORT4 жыл бұрын

    And tonight i have learned the difference between 550 and 540 thank you so much

  • @horizonhobby
    @horizonhobby11 жыл бұрын

    All depends on if you want to go brushed or brushless. I've heard very good things about systems from Novak and Tekin in both brushed and brushless. The Timbuk2 from Novak is quite popular for an ESC along with their 21.5T or 18.5T motors.

  • @TndPnyRCofficial
    @TndPnyRCofficial7 жыл бұрын

    Helped me for my motor needs

  • @xboxice2005
    @xboxice200512 жыл бұрын

    Nice video :) clear talking i understand.

  • @anthonyhammond6926
    @anthonyhammond69262 жыл бұрын

    Hi um Anthony I have 3 brushless rc traxxas 110 th scale vehicles myself this video is very enteresting too 👀 watch. I learned alot from this.

  • @iRoger55
    @iRoger558 жыл бұрын

    WOW Very nice talk

  • @horizonhobby
    @horizonhobby11 жыл бұрын

    It would be better, yes. It just gives you a larger margin for error in case something happens. Thanks for the compliment!

  • @RCcentral2013
    @RCcentral201311 жыл бұрын

    thank you I was wondering weather the "closed end bell" had to be treated the same as an "open end bell" and now I know thank you

  • @rodshultzjr
    @rodshultzjr9 жыл бұрын

    Well done.

  • @SenorBolsa
    @SenorBolsa8 жыл бұрын

    I think a better way to explain brushless vs brushed is that a brushed motor uses a mechanical switch to change polarity and a brushless motor uses a computer and solid state electronics to do it. It's like mechanical fuel injection vs electronic fuel injection, the real benefit comes from being able to adjust timings without physical changes to the motor and having less resistance from mechanical parts.

  • @shyamyelamarti3113
    @shyamyelamarti31134 жыл бұрын

    Good one

  • @user-jh9zz8wn6v
    @user-jh9zz8wn6v4 ай бұрын

    Top video very useful

  • @connorw.h7549
    @connorw.h75497 жыл бұрын

    i learnt alot more from this

  • @SokhannPha
    @SokhannPha6 жыл бұрын

    THANK YOU for video.. now I know what type of motor I need to replace for my car..

  • @matthewheath5390
    @matthewheath53907 жыл бұрын

    nice vid thanks

  • @XPureOutdoorsX
    @XPureOutdoorsX11 жыл бұрын

    thanks for the help. I am running a brushed system now and was wondering what i should use.

  • @theirishaxe9405
    @theirishaxe94057 жыл бұрын

    Cool thanks! also I bought a new summit from you guys! I also got a dhk shogun 1/8 scale I'm going to rebuild myself ! thanks guy

  • @Traxxasboss32
    @Traxxasboss3211 жыл бұрын

    Now i understand thanks man

  • @ericwatts1851
    @ericwatts18517 жыл бұрын

    Very informative

  • @aperaturesciences5466
    @aperaturesciences54668 жыл бұрын

    Brushless motors do NOT run on AC, they are DC that is pulsed to different sets of coils. They basically replace the commutator. The basics are the same, Electricity runs through the coil's creating a magnetic field and repel or attract to the permanent magnet that is part of the rotor. The coils are labeled A,B,C and the electricity gets flowed from A-B, then B-C, then C-A and repeat in a circle . Sensored brushless motors have Hall Effect sensors (usually 3) that tell the Electronic speed controller (esc) what the orientation of the rotor is currently in so the ESC knows which set of coils to apply current to.

  • @purrup1

    @purrup1

    8 жыл бұрын

    if you listened he said they basically work on AC, which is true. even though it is technically DC, a waveform that is basically a modified sine wave with a bunch of PWM is what an ESC sends a brushless motor.

  • @vumixHD
    @vumixHD9 жыл бұрын

    Very informative video for someone like myself who just decided a few days ago to buy a car after about 1 day of research. I'm a beginner and I want my son to enjoy it with me but dont want a car going too fast but I also want to know how to upgrade when time comes.

  • @asfbi
    @asfbi4 жыл бұрын

    Went from nitro to electric and was clueless thank you so much

  • @alientezari6344
    @alientezari63449 жыл бұрын

    that really answered a lot of my questions

  • @81olsen
    @81olsen3 жыл бұрын

    very helpful

  • @Robert8455
    @Robert84557 жыл бұрын

    Nice video

  • @Kabir_Diyewar
    @Kabir_Diyewar3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, sir

  • @qwiggy888
    @qwiggy8885 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the crash course

  • @SophiFike
    @SophiFike10 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the help! Motor specs have confused me for a while.

  • @MrWorkerDude
    @MrWorkerDude10 жыл бұрын

    Let us make this even more clear: A brushed motor runs the current though the armature making it electromagnetic that interacts with the permanent magnets in the shell of the motor. A brushless motor has a rotor with permanent magnets and runs the current in the shell making it electromagnetic that interacts with the rotor.

  • @ramadavince6611

    @ramadavince6611

    3 жыл бұрын

    how about brushless motor outrunner!??

  • @ramadavince6611

    @ramadavince6611

    3 жыл бұрын

    with a spinning shell/can??

  • @ramadavince6611

    @ramadavince6611

    3 жыл бұрын

    brushless motor doesnt has brush and run on 3phace ac current

  • @ramadavince6611

    @ramadavince6611

    3 жыл бұрын

    correct your scentence

  • @TheZiggyman01
    @TheZiggyman018 жыл бұрын

    motors are a fun hobby in themselves. the sealed 540 motors can be safely opened and if you know what you're doing you can easily change the windings with bigger gauge laminated wire without soldering and have some cheap fun. if you can find small bearings with the right I.D/O.D diameters then you fit them on the front and end race. got 15t and 10t motors in sealed cans with a double 10t in the making all running off a tekin G9. mabuchi and johnson motors can easily be found next to nothing for rebuild or spare bushes. have fun :)

  • @TheSilversurfer12345
    @TheSilversurfer1234512 жыл бұрын

    Nice video you now your stuff

  • @horizonhobby
    @horizonhobby11 жыл бұрын

    Kv-A rating of performance for brushless motors. While Kv ratings are occasionally applied to sensored motors, sensorless brushless motors are almost always rated by Kv. The higher the Kv rating of a motor the faster it will be. Kv refers to the number of RPM a motor will produce for each volt of power input to it For example a 1,000Kv motor would produce roughly 7,400 RPM at 7.4 volts.

  • @rudynunweiler2916

    @rudynunweiler2916

    6 жыл бұрын

    Should have this info in the video!

  • @horizonhobby
    @horizonhobby11 жыл бұрын

    Depends on the size of the motor quite honestly. There are brushless motors for 1/5-scale vehicles that will blow away the power of those for 1/10-scales. Generally the fastest I've seen for 1/10-scale are the 2-4T motors. Crazy fast!

  • @horizonhobby
    @horizonhobby12 жыл бұрын

    I don't know that I've ever seen that rating for a motor. What manufacturer if you don't mind my asking?

  • @horizonhobby
    @horizonhobby11 жыл бұрын

    In very simplistic terms, yes.

  • @kattmat28
    @kattmat282 жыл бұрын

    How does one get that kind of shine on ones head? Love it.

  • @mauroylospichiruchis544
    @mauroylospichiruchis5445 жыл бұрын

    hi... great video. Do you know how those copper "springs" holding the carbon brushes are called? I need to replace one and all carbon/brushes I see are a variation of a coil/wire and the carbon itself. Never the tiny copper arms pushing the carbons.Thanks!

  • @DinoMark74
    @DinoMark747 жыл бұрын

    Thank you.

  • @josealfredojimenezmaldonad917
    @josealfredojimenezmaldonad9177 жыл бұрын

    Tremendo detalles el funcionamiento según las vuelta y sus potencial RPM

  • @varmintsniper2551
    @varmintsniper2551 Жыл бұрын

    Will a higher turn number work better for larger tires in terms of overheating? I’m still running the original 20t in my ECX Amp MT and stock tires on 2s expecting it to fail, but it seems to not overheat like my 12T Arrma brushed on 2s does.

  • @michaelsmitten302
    @michaelsmitten3029 жыл бұрын

    Almost all electric motors are ac (stepper motors excluded) - in other words the current must somehow be switched in direction every half cycle if dc is applied. In the so-called dc motor this is achieved by the commutator, which reverses the current flow. A brushed ac supplied motor uses slip rings to get the current to the armature. Great channel, thanks

  • @rcman1999
    @rcman199910 жыл бұрын

    looking for a hard brushes for my crawler motor what kind should I get? I have a 35 turn trinity speed gem. I replaced the stock after a year of run time to a soft brush and only got a hour of run time and the brushes were gone. so I don't know what I'm looking for. can u please help...thank you.

  • @abriss
    @abriss7 жыл бұрын

    answered my question thanx

  • @horizonhobby
    @horizonhobby12 жыл бұрын

    Reducing the timing will reduce the RPM and increase the torque of the motor

  • @alanng2400
    @alanng24008 жыл бұрын

    Thank you

  • @mendozagilberto268
    @mendozagilberto2687 жыл бұрын

    What are some of the fastest motors out there? I'm new to this and just trying to learn your video helped me a lot

  • @adam_-adam
    @adam_-adam6 жыл бұрын

    nice instuctional video". i have one question out of curiosity because i think i mest my motor up yeterday. i was crawling with my 20t motor doing rock climbing and i guess since the coils on this motor are thicker that maybe thats why its over heating?? i got the motor so hot it was smoking from burming the label off of the motor, i than let it cool down and when i tried to play with it it still worked but the power was almost reduced by 3/4, so im guessing is this due to the magents loosing magnetism because the motor got the magents so hot?? cuz ive heated up a magnet when i was a little kid and remember the heat made the magnet weaker so was just wonderin if thats most likely the cause of the motor acting this way, please let me know what you think.

  • @JMiller
    @JMiller Жыл бұрын

    Thanks. Too informative. This video should have been 10 minutes long.

  • @szifon2
    @szifon27 жыл бұрын

    I wanted to get some info about the numbers on a brushless. I just purcahsed a Maverick Strada with brushed mm22 540 , and wondering about upgrading it by time. I am new to RC, saw LiPO doing magic, even more with the brushless motors. Do you have any suggestions for a descent upgrade? Ps... i loved your battery video, thanks a lot!!!

  • @jamesvant1026
    @jamesvant10268 жыл бұрын

    great video. now comes the next question. how do you choose which gear ratio is correct? esc temp, motor temp? i run a slash on oval. Last season I was so under geared my motor was barely warm after races. well i changed a few things. looks like 120-170 is about the temp range im goung to run in.