GPlates: Subduction Zones & Island Arcs - Worldbuilder’s Log 12

Ойын-сауық

How set up subduction zones, mark in associated island arc chains and how to set up a second rifting event.
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LINKS:
PATREON: / artifexian
🌍 GPLATES: www.gplates.org
⭐️ WORLDBUILDING PASTA : worldbuildingpasta.blogspot.com
⭐️ VANGA-VANGOG : www.deviantart.com/vanga-vang...
🧮 THE WORLDSMITH (Spreadsheet): docs.google.com/spreadsheets/...
📕 REFERENCE DOCS: drive.google.com/drive/folder...
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MUSIC:
Udo Grunewald
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TIMESTAMPS:
00:00 Intro
00:17 Drift Correction
02:26 Flowline Repair
04:05 Subduction Zones
09:44 Island Arcs
14:35 Island Arc Evolution
18:43 Importing Rasters
22:08 Setting up a new Rifting Event
25:40 Failed Rifts On Eastern Continent
27:42 Case Study
28:17 Outro
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Thanks for watching everyone. It means a lot. 🥰

Пікірлер: 132

  • @rohn_kota2192
    @rohn_kota2192 Жыл бұрын

    Artifexian must have done one long recording session, I hope you don't over work yourself. This content is always amazing

  • @teggolT

    @teggolT

    Жыл бұрын

    The fact that this is a comment on an "underproduced" video just shows how much effort really goes into this

  • @Reggiland
    @Reggiland Жыл бұрын

    I really appreciate the effort going into these videos, but I have to comment on the shape we've found ourselves with...

  • @ayanhart

    @ayanhart

    Жыл бұрын

    Lmao I didn't even notice it until you mention. Why is it always a penis?

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    Haha! I know. That wasn't deliberate :)

  • @stevenandersen6989

    @stevenandersen6989

    Ай бұрын

    The smiley, the dreaded smile (lmao)

  • @rouqlctesti9874
    @rouqlctesti9874 Жыл бұрын

    I love this serie, because I was confused how tectonic plates "just change" direction when a supercontinent is formed. You explained everything clearly and I finally understand.

  • @amehak1922

    @amehak1922

    Жыл бұрын

    Look up Earth history. Every continent has broken and reformed at least 3 to 5 times over the past 2 billion years. The Kazakhstan region of Asia used to be its own landmass a billion years ago, as have the Congo region of Africa and Eastern Europe, etc, etc. Artifexian is toning things down alot.

  • @smamy8861

    @smamy8861

    Жыл бұрын

    @@amehak1922 Its toned down a lot because this is a tutorial for viewers to learn how to use G Plates, he commissioned someone else to make the actual planet hes going to use

  • @lucas_e_jones
    @lucas_e_jones Жыл бұрын

    This is a great series! For a worldbuilding newbie like me, it's super helpful to have all this key information in one place. I'm following along with these to form the basis of my world, which I'll expand upon as I learn other information from other places. That said, I have noticed a minor flaw. There have been a few key things you did not mention which were not apparent to me (and which may not be apparent to other worldbuilding beginners). For example, I split my supercontinent into 6 pieces straight off the bat, which was a bad idea because the continents could not all move apart from each other, since of course there were other continents in the way. As a result, I have had to go back several times and rework a bunch of stuff. Again, this is a great series, I'm just trying to give feedback. Since this series is targeted towards beginners, I thought I could provide a beginner's perspective. You're awesome, keep up the good work!

  • @ayanhart

    @ayanhart

    Жыл бұрын

    Yeah, I did a similar thing (but four not six) and it got very weird very quickly. It might be worth emphasising in the first video to stick to just two until you're more familiar with the process. I ended up just going back and doing 2, then I',m going to do 2 again when he goes over how to split the moving continents. Can't wait for the next episode!

  • @Deipnosophist_the_Gastronomer

    @Deipnosophist_the_Gastronomer

    Жыл бұрын

    I plugged in modern Earth continents and ran it backwards, but couldn't generate Atlantis at all. 😅

  • @lucas_e_jones

    @lucas_e_jones

    Жыл бұрын

    I think three is fine too, worldbuilding pasta did that on the commission, but any more than that though and they won’t be able to move apart.

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    I won't be able to cover all possible scenarios. The goal is give you the tools to be able to execute the process but you'll still h ave to problem solve and learn on the fly as you go.

  • @lucas_e_jones

    @lucas_e_jones

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Artifexian Fair enough, I'm already incorporating several elements into my setting that have forced me to stray outside your instructions somewhat. I just think limiting the number of fragments from the initial rift would have been worth mentioning.

  • @craz2580
    @craz2580 Жыл бұрын

    I am never gonna understand a thing, and this is fine, your voice is relaxing

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    Worldbuilding ASMR. Also, don't write yourself off like that. If this is something you might be interested in. Watch the videos, download the GPlates and start giving it a go. First couple of tries might be a total disaster but you'll learn from it and get better/quicker/more competent. Rome was built in a day but someone had to lay the first brick.

  • @craz2580

    @craz2580

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Artifexian i am indeed intrested in all of this, in fact it is the reason why i am watching it. Also thanks for the words of encouragement, you always do a great job and i live your work

  • @pointyorb

    @pointyorb

    2 ай бұрын

    @@Artifexian Can verify from experience. My first attempt was an absolute disaster, but then I learned not to make the rift corners too sharp.

  • @aseelmohamed1692
    @aseelmohamed1692Ай бұрын

    I don’t understand this totally but this series helps my husband with the project he is working on so thank you for this amazing effort!🙏

  • @vasemir
    @vasemir Жыл бұрын

    Artifexian taught me more than 8 years of nature/geography classes in public education.

  • @pointyorb

    @pointyorb

    2 ай бұрын

    They say to learn by doing!

  • @TAP7a
    @TAP7a Жыл бұрын

    The sheer *pace* on this lad, solid effort!

  • @GabeHighlander
    @GabeHighlander Жыл бұрын

    Ha, I knew it. Gplates just breaks when you change that first line in rotation. Great video again!

  • @Duiker36

    @Duiker36

    Жыл бұрын

    Makes sense. The file isn't actually describing fixed positions: it's describing *movement*. You need to set the angular change at 0Ma to be 0 because it's not moving at present day. Seems to come from Tutorial 2.2, Exercise 1. I *think* the actual issue is that features aren't actually pinned to a specific time: they just exist for the entire timespan you define for them, in the location that you originally defined. So if you don't specify their entire rotational history, they will extrapolate that "present day" is the same as the point in time you created them at.

  • @ziggyoickle3445
    @ziggyoickle3445 Жыл бұрын

    since I've been following along, its creation was gradual and i didn't really notice at first, but when i opened up the video and the first frame shows the continents with their drift lines...that shape was unfortunate. Then seeing you scroll through time causing a "contraction", i couldn't help but laugh

  • @purplemosasaurus5987
    @purplemosasaurus5987 Жыл бұрын

    This has given me so much knowledge about plate tectonics. Everything's so clear now!

  • @phloopy5630
    @phloopy5630 Жыл бұрын

    Another great video, Artifexian! Can’t wait to see what comes next!

  • @rocko510
    @rocko510 Жыл бұрын

    Loving the series, thanks!

  • @umbrynnoctis9831
    @umbrynnoctis98316 ай бұрын

    Edit: Listen to Artifexian! Putting the drift correction into the 0.0 timestamp screws up the flowlines. Just follow the video. 1:30 Idk if it's because I'm using the slightly newer 2.4 version instead of 2.3 (judging from what he showed in the first gplates video) but I was able to put the drift correction coordinates into the 0.0 timestamp just fine without everything breaking. So now I don't have the snapping back to the beginning at the end

  • @StoryMode180
    @StoryMode180 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, Edgar, for the clarification on the Craton End line; also thanks for doing all this example work for us, it's super appreciated :)

  • @hungryduckling1345
    @hungryduckling1345 Жыл бұрын

    your voice is so soothing

  • @ATOM-vv3xu
    @ATOM-vv3xu Жыл бұрын

    thanks, very easy to understand and I think, you just saved me 1 biliion years of doing islands

  • @4984christian
    @4984christian Жыл бұрын

    Nice! I have Covid and this was such a good series to pass the time :D

  • @Ggdivhjkjl

    @Ggdivhjkjl

    Жыл бұрын

    Get well soon mate.

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    Oh dear! Hope you get well soon. Had it myself and it was not fun … at all.

  • @4984christian

    @4984christian

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Artifexian Thank you both so much! It's really better now and I am just waiting to get a negative test result to go outside again. :D

  • @LunaKilo
    @LunaKilo Жыл бұрын

    I think this is a great series. I am following along and recreating your demo world. Just thought I would let you know.

  • @the_linguist_ll
    @the_linguist_ll Жыл бұрын

    I know you said all you'll be doing is this series, but I think a video showing how to find and calculate this type of informative from real Earth geography / tectonics would be cool

  • @lucas_e_jones

    @lucas_e_jones

    Жыл бұрын

    He is making use of real-world principles, it's just that the main problem is the information we have avaliable on earth is more detailed than anything you would ever be able to create yourself. Scientists have the advantage of being able to measure, they don't have to create information themselves. Remember: your world will never be as complex as the real one, so only make information as in-depth as you will actually be able to make use of!

  • @naturecomics
    @naturecomics Жыл бұрын

    I love this series so far! Worldbuilding and conlangs have been some of my major interests/hyperfixations over the years, so I really enjoy watching your channel. I know I could probably look this up, but I'm wondering when and where you might expect hotspots to form. (If I had to guess I'd say relatively near subduction zones but farther away than you might expect island arcs to form?)

  • @Dragrath1

    @Dragrath1

    Жыл бұрын

    I'm not sure that there is a scientific consensus on this I will say however that there are several different kinds of hotspots. Some are related to upwelling plumes and some are not with more complex origins. First there appear to be at least a few kinds of hotspots that aren't necessarily linked to plumes. The first is effectively a consequence of the stretching or more typically twisting of crust in this sense these hotspots are tears or weak points in the crust this on its own doesn't usually seem to be enough for volcanism however with minor upwelling from either a nearby midocean ridge/continental rift or another type of hotspot so these are more factors which extend the range of volcanism outside the usual limit a sort of quasi hot spot. The crust needs to be thin for these so you need oceanic crust or continental crust that is currently getting rifted apart or extended in some other way such that it is over time become more oceanic in character. The Basin and Range Province in North America is a good example of the latter while the Canary islands are an example of the former where a branch of the African plume is coming up at an inclined angle from below Africa and leaking out through cracks in the eastern side of the Atlantic next to Africa. Another way volcanism can arise is via a process called slab drip which is in essence where parts of a strained continental plate's underside break off and sink into the mantle inducing the underlying mantle to flow up into the gap. This process thus is generally linked to craton destruction/breakup either due to the overthickening of the crust during mountain building or from subducting an upwelling and active mid ocean ridge. Its worth noting that extensional and thermal upwelling induced Craton destruction is also a prerequisite for grand Canyon like features as you need rigid crust getting uplifted extremely quickly in geological timescales(i.e. in a few million years). Any weaker crust than an ancient mature craton will generally just break apart into smaller blocks before you can uplift it at such high rates. These canyons are also surprisingly ephemeral though the effect appears to propagate like a wave through the craton but I digress. As for hotspots related to plumes they all involve lower density material upwelling but the cause of the lower than average density causing the upwelling can be either thermal of compositional or perhaps even a mixture of both. The first and most familiar kind of plume hotspot with Hawaii and the Galapagos being among the most well known examples is the thermal plume hotspot which based on seismic tomography appear to be hotter than average material upwelling which is also supported by the higher temperature lavas they erupt. These rise up from the core mantle boundary and extend to the surface and are generally concentrated around several features known as Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces(LLSVPs) which are basically huge continent like blobs at the core mantle boundry. There appear to be two of these one of which is centered underneath Africa and appears to be responsible for driving rifting activity there and around other hotspots in the Indian and Atlantic region. The other major LLSVP is found in the Pacific and is associated with most of the hotspots out there respectively. The African LLSVP is notably less dense and thicker over all compared to its Pacific counterpart and they are roughly opposite to each other. This suggests the African LLSVP is likely younger and this lines up with the fact that several slab walls appear to lead into it which if estimating that the rate of measured sinking per year has been relatively constant this would suggest it takes around 230 million years for a subducted slab to finally hit the core mantle boundary. While there are alternative hypothesis the best explanation is that these LLSVPs represent the slab graveyards that have piled up along the margins of major long lived supercontinents in which case the African LLSVP corresponds to Pangaea and the Pacific LLSVP likely corresponds to Pannotia or perhaps more likely Rodinia since the intermediary "supercontinent" Pannotia began rifting apart before it even finished forming (and in some sense you can better think of it as the two minor supercontinents of the day sliding next to each other i.e. more of a transverse plate boundary akin to the San Andreas.) The other type of plume based hotspot is compositional and seems to relate to the saturation of the mantle above a subducted slab either sinking or currently stuck at the Mantle Transition Zone the boundary between the upper and lower mantle where the slab rock is held up while chemically phase transitioning. In this case water and sediment derived volatiles get pushed out of the recrystallizing slab and into the overlying mantle as part of hydrated minerals. This eventually can make the overlying mantle under dense causing the material to rise. These magmas are chemically distinct and can quite frankly be somewhat bizarre. The best known modern example of this kind of volcanism is the hotspot feeding Mt. Petaku/Changbaishan which has a purely chemical(hydrous) origin www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-43103-y That said there are extremely strong chemical similarities to the huge flood basalts associated with the break up and or failed break ups of Supercontinents which suggests that these processes are linked in some way. That is to say the magma that breaks up supercontinents is enriched in subducted slab material. That said while we have an idea of *where* plumes come from within the Earth no one actually knows what causes the plumes to occur and when as there a number of suspicious coincidences with timings and the emergence of new mantle plumes to the surface generally seems to correspond to major sudden and even quite dramatic rearrangements of tectonic boundaries. Some though not all of these also seem to correspond with major impact events suggesting there is a connection and at least some of these seem to, at least in some cases, have something to do with the balance of Earth's moment of inertia which can at times get lopsided due to plate tectonics and also likely involve whatever processes regulate Earth's effective balance of rifting and subduction, but none of this is a smoking gun and thus is still quite mysterious. Notably form a worldbuilder's perspective these seemingly almost random rearrangements can be used for creative purposes at least while we remain ignorant of the mechanisms. ;) For an example using one of the more recent and thus better characterized major rearrangement events, the Hiawatha crater found under Greenland has been dated to 58 Ma which corresponds to one of these events which rearranged the Pacific ocean's tectonic boundaries significantly over the next 10 million years or so and saw the fairly unique emergence of not just one Large Igneous Province but two relatively simultaneous LIPs the North Atlantic Large Igneous Province(NALIP) associated with the Icelandic hotspot and the LIP that created the basaltic plateau that composed Siletzia accreted by North America and its sister half the Yakutat terrane which is currently subducting along the Aleutian Trench in Alaska. In both cases the LIP formed along what is today a Mid Ocean Ridge though at the time the northern extent of the Mid Atlantic Ridge didn't yet exist instead representing a failed rift from the original break up of Pangaea between Greenland and what is today The British Isles namely Ireland and Great Britain (at the time those two islands would have been connected before they were bisected by a failed rift associated with NALIP) The point is there are a lot of commonalities between these two hotspots Iceland and Yellowstone respectively even if North America has currently overridden the section of the East Pacific Rise where the Yellowstone hotspot had been located Does it seem reasonable for a 31km crater to cause that much chaos? frankly I'm not sure I would guess it required a confluence of factors with the impact if it was involved at all being the straw that broke the camels back so to speak but we don't know. Frankly there is a lot that is unsolved for example why do some ridges spread very fast like the Pacific while other like Gakkel ridge in the arctic barely spreads at all Also fun fact about Gakkel ridge is it has at multiple points during the Pleistocene has instead of effusive spreading via pillow lavas, built up vast volumes of magma trapped below the ridge ultimately cumulating in a cycle of caldera forming super eruptions the only such eruptions known to occur at depth along a mid ocean ridge rather than in continental conditions. Two of these eruptions at 2.5 Ma and 1.1 Ma even appear to correspond with the onset of permanent Glaciation in the Northern hemisphere and the shortening of Milankovitch cycles respectively which is somewhat suspicious suggesting something more may be going on. Granted there is about 8 of these eruptions and nothing seems to have happened with the other events but 1 in 4 is the expected odds for a random eruption to end up in any given season so a Volcanic Explosivity Index(VEI) 8 eruption in the late Spring to Early summer timeframe between the likely prodigious amounts of ocean blasted away into the atmosphere and the enormous quantities of ash could very well have stopped the polar summer and thus allowed ice cover to build up over several years while also providing prodigious amounts of water to form snow and ice so its not too much of a stretch.

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    It's complicated, so complicated that for our purposes here they can basically go anywhere.

  • @skalor
    @skalor Жыл бұрын

    Nice, another video :)

  • @daniel_rossy_explica
    @daniel_rossy_explica Жыл бұрын

    I like that the first movement is actually South America twice.

  • @SotraEngine4
    @SotraEngine4 Жыл бұрын

    The evolution of dickia continues. I mean, I can't help but to see that it resembles something

  • @jonas-by5uc
    @jonas-by5uc Жыл бұрын

    thank you !

  • @kjellduteweert9262
    @kjellduteweert9262 Жыл бұрын

    The flowlines seem t stay good and not get weird. saves some work :). Great work bye the way. Gp plates is pain but it will great a really cool world.

  • @styxdragoncharon4003
    @styxdragoncharon4003 Жыл бұрын

    At 16:55 I can see my house XD More seriously this is helping me with world building... Thank you.

  • @PolarBearGamesYT
    @PolarBearGamesYT Жыл бұрын

    Goodmorning interweb.

  • @Lilas.Duveteux
    @Lilas.Duveteux16 күн бұрын

    This type of configuration of landmasses would make so that the teal continent would be quite wet, but for two thin strands of desert, while the BC continent would be quite drier, but with wet tips north and south.

  • @donmeles7711
    @donmeles77113 ай бұрын

    This series is just great! One question, I hope I didn't miss the answer somewhere - The new ridges you marked as continental ridges. When do they become mid-ocean rifts? Do you make them mid-ocean rifts as soon as you draw in the ocean plate?

  • @rheiagreenland4714
    @rheiagreenland47146 ай бұрын

    27:12 Correct me if I'm wrong but I'm pretty sure it's bad to make rifts like that. Triple junctions form to relieve the stress and pressure on the crust, so the three different spokes are probably going to be fairly equidistant from each other in terms of angles, having them all smooshed up like that probably isn't very stress-relieving. Think about cracks you can see form IRL, you don't really see it like that.

  • @dinoscarex4550
    @dinoscarex4550 Жыл бұрын

    You make putting island arcs so easy, but it is actually quite difficult in practice. You have my respect, Now, am i allowed to make various islands for an island arcs without the need to make this overly complex figure?

  • @Sawtooth44
    @Sawtooth44 Жыл бұрын

    ahh so while scientists that would use this would put in data top down, we on the other hand have to use it backwards so it must be reversed they start with the timeline on the right and we start with it on the left is what im understanding there

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    Yeah! That's the impression I get.

  • @Sucraloseful
    @Sucraloseful Жыл бұрын

    As the GPlate section continues I wonder more and more... does GPlates actually do any simulation at all? From everything shown so far it just seems like a fancy type of key frame animation specialized for shapes on a sphere. This software feels like it could be much more user friendly

  • @VelociraptorsOfSkyrim

    @VelociraptorsOfSkyrim

    Жыл бұрын

    This program was made for Scientists by scientists. It was never made for the general public to use, lol

  • @SebRomu

    @SebRomu

    Жыл бұрын

    GPlates has the capacity to extrapolate things and automatically merge polygons based on the events happening, For example: adding oceanic crust using the edge of the original continent and flow lines for each time-step you defined for the flow lines. However, such things are tricky to set up, and frankly beyond the scope of this tutorial series.

  • @Great_Olaf5
    @Great_Olaf5 Жыл бұрын

    Can rifts and failed rifts happen in completely oceanic crust? And if so is there anything special about either?

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    I'm not sure … perhaps. I've never messed with this so it's definitely not needed.

  • @Great_Olaf5

    @Great_Olaf5

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Artifexian I was mostly wondering if that might be how purely oceanic plates like the pacific came to be, since continental crust can't subduct. Unless it's that all plates used to be purely oceanic and the pacific is one of the only holdovera from that time that hasn't acquired any noticeable amount of continental crust?

  • @dericnorth8863

    @dericnorth8863

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Great_Olaf5 Rifts absolutely do happen on oceanic crust. That's what a mid-ocean ridge is. Compared to continental crust, oceanic crust takes way more effort to break. If it does break, it's almost always related to subduction-related volcanism, hotspots, mantle plumes, etc. It breaks because it's being tugged too hard by slab pull (which is THE biggest driver of the plate motion) and the thinning from the mantle allows it to snap. Over time, they also tend to align to trenches, with the fracture zones orthogonal and oriented towards the trench. You can see this in bathymetry maps where the fracture zones are essentially natural flowlines. Rifts in the ocean tend towards two main systems: Pacific Subduction Systems and Tethyan Subduction Systems. Pacific systems continually feed a complimentary system of subduction zones with intense volcanism and Andean-style margins and can continue for hundreds of millions of years until one of the ridges is also subducted. Tethyan systems feed a single subduction region from a rift until the rift is itself subducted, and it then pulls away continental crust on the other side of the plate. When it accretes or collides, the subduction zone jumps the terrane and begins pulling the feed from the rift that formed on the original continental piece and generally keeps this up until subduction is stopped by massive continental collision or the new rift spreads from a triple junction and morphs into a Pacific system.

  • @clibfilm
    @clibfilm Жыл бұрын

    Why are some of the subduction zones in the big example so far away from the continent ?

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    It's up to you where you put the subduction zones, in general hugging the coastline (more or less) is the expected state but they can be more offshore. That's for you to decide.

  • @Dragrath1
    @Dragrath1 Жыл бұрын

    Regarding subduction to get a proper perspective remember that subducted crust isn't exactly destroyed rather it starts sinking into the mantle with the volcanism induced being driven by partial melting of preferentially lighter rock as the lighter more volatile components of the descending slab get forced out with greater depth and pressure enriching the overlying mantle. That said island arcs aren't made just from subduction volcanism but also from accretion or accretionary wedges in more technical terms. These can be complex involving sediment scrapped off of and or piling up onto the overlying plate as well as existing island arcs or other land mass fragments and also other stuff tops of overly thickened oceanic plateaus where the crust is too thick to subduct entirely. These can be complicated forming from Large Igneous Provinces and or coral atoll complexes but you can use them to justify globby extensions of new additions to continents and island arcs and they will be the main way that non volcanic rocks are added to arcs. Additionally while these arcs are anchored to continents mature subduction zones anchor themselves as the heavy descending slab wall effectively serves as a literal anchor as they descend down into the lower mantle. In this context its probably worth noting that when major volcanic archipelagos finally get accreted those archipelagoes have generally existed out in the vast ocean since the previous supercontinent cycle for example Avalonia a major microcontinent formed from volcanic arc accretion started back in the Neoproterozoic before finally getting sandwiched between the paleocontinents Laurentia(paleo North America) and Baltica near the tropics With its southern extent colliding into Gondwana which at the time was largely centered around the south pole though with its sheer size as a minor supercontinent Gondwana would have extended to mid latitudes. Another example of a major volcanic archipelago accreted during the formation of Pangaea there was Kazakhstania this was considerably less developed likely consisting of parallel volcanic arcs accreted onto Gondwana before getting smashed in from the North by Siberia which at that point had joined the mash up that is either called Laurussia or Euromerica. A younger example of a late stage arc accretion is Wrangelia which along with the intermontane and insular terrains were oceanic arcs which over the course of the Mesozoic got accreted onto a larger oceanic arc comparable to Indonesia that in turn got accreted onto the leading edge of North America during the Cretaceous timeframe. This appears to have been a surprisingly complex subduction zone system based on using seismic tomography to look at the shape of the subducting plates which in effect preserve the original configuration as these arcs were old enough to become deeply anchored into the lower Mantle The proper edge of North America's continental shelf back then was was back in eastern Idaho and western Montana and was driven by what was originally subduction along the coast of Pangaea extending at least back into the Triassic. These formed likely a succession of accretion events . The exact details of this collision have not yet been convincingly mapped out but it does appear to be highly complex much like the modern Indonesia and it was this arc complex which would form most of western North America during the Cretaceous. In this picture think having an Indonesian style volcanic archipelago anchored into the lower mantle which gets ultimately slammed into another subduction zone as its underlying plate got subducted in a much more Andean style volcanic arc that was the proper Laramide orogeny.

  • @noranon9791
    @noranon9791 Жыл бұрын

    I know it's probably very late comment to say that however I'd like to say some of my thoughts. I know that you keep everything quite simplistic to make it more instructive, but creating bigger continents would make it more earth like so it would be easier to relate. Also I'm worried it may be a problem when it will come to placing climate zones because of lack of space to present many of them. Despite of that, I really enjoy this series while I am also creating my own world. It's not as advanced piece of work as yours but maybe I'll add some further geological history and stuff later. And according to that, in my world I have Hella big archipelago and when I was looking for some information about making them I couldn't really find world building video summarising all types of archipelago, it's creation etc. If you are going to make a little break from artifexia I'd love to see you cover that matter .

  • @ayastronaut7723

    @ayastronaut7723

    Жыл бұрын

    Check out Worldbuilding Pasta's blog. I had the same concerns about simplicity but his blog has a guide on Gplates similar to this, but also a less-g-plate centric one where he shows the creation of large scale tectonic system.

  • @texasyojimbo
    @texasyojimbo Жыл бұрын

    If the southern part of the eastern continent gets rifted off, will there be a corresponding subduction zone added in the next video also for the (new) southeastern plate?

  • @justsaying4303

    @justsaying4303

    Жыл бұрын

    Yes it'll

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    Bingo!

  • @jonathanthomas8736
    @jonathanthomas8736 Жыл бұрын

    So, When I hit my third rifting event at 1750 of 2000, when I digitize the failed rift geometry to create a new rift, it looks fine when I draw it, but when I save it and male flowlines, the seed points shift to where the rift would have been if the plate had never moved. Thoughts?

  • @deathpigeon2
    @deathpigeon2 Жыл бұрын

    GPlates not being able to handle non-latin characters seems like a real problem for a scientific tool which should be able to be used by scientists cross culturally, not just ones which speak and write in languages that use the latin alphabet.

  • @Philosjutsu

    @Philosjutsu

    Жыл бұрын

    > which should be able to youre so entitled. i hope youre a hyper capitalist and you fund gplates 1,000 a month of your own money so they can afford the dev team you want. Jesus some people.

  • @deathpigeon2

    @deathpigeon2

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Philosjutsu ... what's entitled about expecting a scientific tool to be useful to scientists cross-culturally?

  • @TheCanterlonian

    @TheCanterlonian

    10 ай бұрын

    it is pretty standard for scientific stuff to be only english, they usually don't have the resources to make anything well polished. most scientific programs barely function to begin with so making translations is usually back-burner during development

  • @blark5

    @blark5

    10 ай бұрын

    I belive he did mention that this program was somewhat obscure so I think it's fine

  • @blark5

    @blark5

    10 ай бұрын

    Though I am not really sure on why a program would not be able to take other characters

  • @GL-rs4gp
    @GL-rs4gp Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the great videos! I am currently working on a plate reconstruction for a university course and I can't figure out how do merge two continental fragments, maybe you could help me. I basically have to reconstruct something like Gondwana from 0Ma backwards. How do I merge two continents so that they move together going further back in time?

  • @terraspace1100
    @terraspace1100 Жыл бұрын

    Will you add more continental crust in the next episodes?

  • @Jakethebacon2727
    @Jakethebacon2727 Жыл бұрын

    I miss the old artifexian

  • @gxdxmv
    @gxdxmv Жыл бұрын

    Hey, so I did a triple-arm rift at the beginning, and now i have this triangle in the middle of the triple-junction. Is it a part of new ocean plates, are those 3 plates on their own? I can't really understand.

  • @kalenproductions6807
    @kalenproductions6807 Жыл бұрын

    at some point could you do a video on creating star charts/sky charts?

  • @Ledabot
    @Ledabot Жыл бұрын

    Lol I figured all this out myself although I made the mistake of not extending my new rifts all the way to the mid ocean ridge. I'm trying to figure out how to do the next step now. I just need to move my two sun continents apart but because almost all the cratons are children of the craton id the first breakup moved with, they don't move. I'm going to try fiddling around in the rotation file but if someone just knows what to do that'd be nice

  • @AlexArthur94

    @AlexArthur94

    Жыл бұрын

    I'm sure this will be covered in the next video, since he'll be separating those two cratons that were previously linked in the next video.

  • @Ledabot

    @Ledabot

    Жыл бұрын

    @@AlexArthur94 i hope so, but since there are only 1 craton on each plate it's trivial

  • @TheCanterlonian
    @TheCanterlonian10 ай бұрын

    i feel like i could create a script to make all the creation of things happen automatically every 50 million years based on ridges and zones so all you gotta do is create the rifts and zones and cratons and tell it what direction and all the other stuff is automatic but at the same time i haven't the time needed to actually write such a thing

  • @smakkacowtherealone
    @smakkacowtherealone Жыл бұрын

    Will artifexia really only cover 4% of the crust and have so few cordons, or is this just a demonstration of it?

  • @thomasjenkins5727
    @thomasjenkins5727 Жыл бұрын

    How do these videos feel so long and so short at the same time?

  • @jonathanthomas8736
    @jonathanthomas873618 күн бұрын

    Islands grow at a defined rate while adjacent to a Subduction zone. If the Subduction zone shifts or becomes a transform, the islands are orphaned and, for all intents and purposes, accrete. I've had this happen 50 my after loss of the subduction, but should it be less? Also, would they the erode at a defined rate as hot spot islands do?

  • @DanielCrabbprn
    @DanielCrabbprn Жыл бұрын

    I added the Raster, but it won't fill my continental crust. Any idea what could be causing it? if I select Cratons it fills them in, but it just won't fill the land?

  • @stefanfrey8272

    @stefanfrey8272

    Жыл бұрын

    i have the same problem for every continent except for one. have you ever found a solution?

  • @DanielCrabbprn

    @DanielCrabbprn

    Жыл бұрын

    @@stefanfrey8272 yes and no. If the object being filled is too large (stretching over half the planet) it seems to fail to fill in. I think this was causing my original problem

  • @stefanfrey8272

    @stefanfrey8272

    Жыл бұрын

    @@DanielCrabbprn thanks for the answer. thats exactly what went wrong with my continent. i guess this will solve itself as soon as the large continents split

  • @ronantheotec8563
    @ronantheotec85636 ай бұрын

    My second continental crust is not taking the color of my land raster, but my islanf arc are getting the raster . How do i fix this ? I have already tried to rebuild my continent, but its not working .

  • @DanielCrabbprn
    @DanielCrabbprn Жыл бұрын

    Hey Edgar, I'm trying to understand what is happening over the whole globe here. For the purpose of this demonstration are we just treating the rest of the world as one giant slab of unmoving oceanic crust?

  • @dericnorth8863

    @dericnorth8863

    Жыл бұрын

    The source that he's pulling the tutorial from, Worldbuilding Pasta, kind of goes on about this. It's not that you're considering the rest of the world as an unmoving slab so much as you're treating it as inconsequential oceanic crust. Sure, you could model a whole bunch of rifts and oceanic plate boundaries, but you very quickly run into extremely complicated plates that aren't doing much, if anything, to the actual continental crust you're trying to build. Since you're starting at some arbitrary point after a billion or two years of rifting, you'd not gain much from the rest of the ocean besides maybe some mid-aged volcanic arcs that you could accrete somewhere on the edge of a plate. Eventually, you do generate significant oceanic crust, usually after about 200-300 million years of simulation. It is - to me - one of the worst parts of the process since it's so time-consuming to constantly split and maneuver around the simulation. You eventually will spend at least as much time inside of a text editor. My last attempt was like 3,000 lines in the rotation file and something like ~175 tracked features, and that before you get to adding things like the actual mountains, LIPs, hotspots, and so on. Here's an example of a medium complexity of just some plate work. imgur.com/KiPTdvk

  • @DanielCrabbprn

    @DanielCrabbprn

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much, your answer cleared up a lot for me. Your world looks fascinating!

  • @barybarsboldia197
    @barybarsboldia197 Жыл бұрын

    are you going to ask biblodarian to help you with the proto life?

  • @hakanbjrnson124

    @hakanbjrnson124

    Жыл бұрын

    I think bib has his hands full enough as it is with his own projects though

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    I've been chatting to his over the course of the last couple of months and getting a crash course on how spec bio works.

  • @arthurmachabee3606
    @arthurmachabee360611 ай бұрын

    18:02 Hiduplah Indonesia Raya! :D

  • @pyroblade131
    @pyroblade131 Жыл бұрын

    I can see continent c turning while going down. I don't know why

  • @jan_Wilo
    @jan_Wilo5 ай бұрын

    if anyone can help me im in a weird predicemint, ive imported the raster for my land, but it wont cover my one continent, i know its under continents and ive duplicated it and i dont know why its not well being colored in! thanks for any help in advace

  • @AndreaRupanSansei
    @AndreaRupanSansei Жыл бұрын

    Hi Edgar, Hi interweb. I wanted to submit a personal question and issue. Hope I can find at least like-minded souls, if not actual answers and advice. I'm 27, from Italy, and I work on shifts in the customer service field, so not the most creative job. My original passion/profession for voice acting got busted by covid and in the past 2 years I've just been looking for stability, and maybe found it. But I'm realizing that doing this for literally the rest of my life would kill me. Worldbuilding, drawing fantasy maps and imagining fictional settings and pitches are passions of mine, and I also have a fair basis on realistic topography and ecology due to a year in university (later dropped). I was fantasizing about making a living out of it, and wondered if I could gather any insight on how to do so, apart from opening an instagram page with pics of my maps, posts about settings/worlds I could build, and opening a patreon account... Dunno, I feel that's less likely to happen than a flying donkey (as we say here, lol) Any advice for this desperate soul? Of course goes without saiyng, I love the channel and the content and the community, and was reason of pride when I got featured in one of the wlrst series

  • @icefyre8331
    @icefyre8331 Жыл бұрын

    I know you haven't gone over this yet, but I am having major problems trying to get my cratons to stop being bound to each other.

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    This'll be covered in the next video.

  • @ozAqVvhhNue
    @ozAqVvhhNue Жыл бұрын

    what is that deep sound I keep hearing in the background? It's like a deep bang. 18:41

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    I think that's just the bass in the background music.

  • @hagfish4998
    @hagfish4998 Жыл бұрын

    cool! when are you gonna get to the spec bio stuff?

  • @LeeTheGoat
    @LeeTheGoat Жыл бұрын

    Why do you use numbers like 100 and 2000 instead of 1 and 2?

  • @ayanhart

    @ayanhart

    Жыл бұрын

    1 is reserved for items that aren't going to move. The other numbers is personal choice though.

  • @VelociraptorsOfSkyrim

    @VelociraptorsOfSkyrim

    Жыл бұрын

    I think anything less than 100 has things used for it.

  • @MCPhssthpok

    @MCPhssthpok

    Жыл бұрын

    Assuming that you're talking about the plate IDs, at some point you'll be wanting to have fragments of continental crust break off and form micro continents that don't contain a craton. It's useful to be able to give them plate IDs like 201 to keep track of where they came from while being able to move them separately.

  • @Artifexian

    @Artifexian

    Жыл бұрын

    It's basically arbitrary. That said, later on when we rift apart micro continents it's useful to give them plate IDs of "101", "102", "103" etc. That way you can at a glance see that anything beginning with a 1 (excluding 1 itself) ultimate came from the same location in the OG supercontinent.

  • @Natal_27
    @Natal_27 Жыл бұрын

    ok

  • @Devimon4000
    @Devimon4000 Жыл бұрын

    The one thing that's kind of infuriating for me, and this is not remotely anyone fault, much less yours! is the worked examples of a full simulation provide by Worldbuilding pasta here and on their site... the continents do not look to be moving remotely close to even 3 cm per a year much less the faster speeds provide for ocean subduction and the like which makes me question how fast I should be having things moving since using the actual suggested speeds seems to create very different results, like content collisions being over in a single time stamp rather than taking a hundred million years plus and getting complicated like they show.

  • @Scialen

    @Scialen

    Жыл бұрын

    It's also suggested in Worldbuilding Pasta that for events that require more detail and tuning, to shift your time interval to say, 10 MYa instead of the 50 so you can resolve them in smaller steps :)

  • @skalor
    @skalor Жыл бұрын

    Not first

  • @goldenfloof5469
    @goldenfloof5469 Жыл бұрын

    I really feel like somebody should code a much simpler version of this, there's no reason somebody worldbuilding a fictional world needs this level of detail.

  • @smamy8861

    @smamy8861

    Жыл бұрын

    This software by scientists, for scientists which is why its so technical. I totally agree that us worldbuilders should have our own tool

  • @markusklyver6277
    @markusklyver6277 Жыл бұрын

    Really disappointing this is just an animator, not s simulator.

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