Thomson scattering was the crucial technology the British first developed in the 60s, relatively shortly after the laser itself was invented in the US, that was disassembled in Culham and taken to the Kurchatov Institute at Moscow in '69 to make the first rigorous direct temperature measurement on the T3 tokamak plasma there that validated the 1KeV (~10 megakelvin) ion temperatures which shocked the world at an order of magnitude hotter than anyone had ever achieved before. This is the moment that tokamaks exploded onto the world scene with dozens being built over the next few decades, and which remain the dominant paradigm for attaining high temperatures and confinement times over half a century later up to the present.

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I bet weather sattelites uses similar technology, very interesting.

It's funny to talk about pioneers at present, in a field that's more than 70 years old, but on the other hand it's good to see younger generations taking the banner and keeping it up.

Thank you Dr Hazel. I hope you have lots of fun and success!!

It's awesome to meet the people involved, and hear what their focus is, hear their heart on the matter (so to speak). From those of us who are simply laymen, reading and getting excited by possibilities, learning the actions and the vocabulary, while reading a bit of history from the comments, this is eye opening. This concept to experimentation is in the mainstream now. And I am hopeful more students are attracted to more STEM curriculum by it.

It's all so sci-fi. Just too amazing. 🙂

How will fusion diagnostic tools react to the damaging effects of 14MeV neutrons?

Anyone considered using a quantum computer cluster to compensate for the Flux in the magnetic field?

who thaught that 2 minute videos are a good thing. Maybe next time a 6 second video would he even more appealing.

Hurry, please..