Chinese speaker here. I have a kinship tree saved on my phone so I know who's who in family gatherings.

@sanjithsaravanan8469

3 жыл бұрын

lol, i can relate to that problem man - in india (atleast south india) we are close to what in the west would be your extremely distant relatives (i am supposed to treat my grandfather's sisters children's children the same way westerners would treat their cousins!), and so you sometimes forget who is who and how your related. but older generation never forgets - it's almost as if every second of their lives they are thinking - oh, is she my grandfather's father's cousin's son's daughter's daughter?

@carmennave329

3 жыл бұрын

As an anthropologist of kinship, this is my favourite thing I've heard all week!

@IdliAmin_TheLastKingofSambar

3 жыл бұрын

@@sanjithsaravanan8469 Telugu-American here. Your example of “grandfather’s sister’s childrens’ children” (who are just second cousins) made me chuckle, as I grew up with many of my first and second cousins, and am as close to them as I am to my own sister. Four of my (maternal) grandfather’s sister’s childrens’ children live in neighboring towns 15 minutes from me. Hell, we’ve got a growing contingent of third cousins in my family who are close to one another, and it just occurred to me that the oldest in that group are likely to have kids within the next 5-10 years or so, which means there will likely be regular family gatherings where FOURTH cousins will be running around playing together, and it will seem pretty normal to everyone. If I were ever to get married, I have already been warned about the number of relatives who might expect invitations. I might need to rent out the Kennedy Center 😆.

@WingedAsarath

3 жыл бұрын

@@sanjithsaravanan8469 I'm in England, but treat my grandparents' siblings' grandchildren the same as I would cousins who are children of parental siblings (probably because I have none of those). I also end up calling all of my parents' cousins "Aunt and Uncle" which makes it hella confusing trying to remember how everyone is related to me when they're just Auntie X and Uncle Y!

@sanjithsaravanan8469

3 жыл бұрын

@@WingedAsarath :D big problem, that's why we have different words for every single relation in tamil! makes life easier really :)

‘Second cousin twice removed’ is already speaking a foreign language as far as I’m concerned.

@mehmeh2255

6 жыл бұрын

下佐粉ケイ Lol agreed

@mehmeh2255

6 жыл бұрын

I mean I'm pretty sure it's your cousin's cousin on the side you don't share two generations separated but who am I to say that with any kind of certainty

@avelaide7530

6 жыл бұрын

Being cousins means that the closest ancestor you share is your grandparent, and when you add numbers to it you are adding generations. So, my second cousin has the same great-grandparent as me, our grandparents were siblings, and our parents were cousins. Being removed means that you are separated by a generation. So, my first cousin's child is my first cousin once removed. An example to bring this all together: My grandmother had 7 brothers, their children are my mom's cousins, my mom's cousin's children are my second cousins, and when they get to the point of having grandchildren, those will be my second cousins twice removed.

@user-qs1ub5gk1h

6 жыл бұрын

Tylene Musser Thank you for the effort, but I’m afraid I might be a lost cause at this point. I’ll get out some graph paper and try to map out and make sense of what you just said, though.

@hannah57

6 жыл бұрын

下佐粉ケイ Here is a video that might help explain it. kzread.info/dash/bejne/dHaol7hwm7KZmpc.html

Being a Chinese, I remember distinctively when I was a kid, during every Chinese New Year while visiting extended family members I always had to rely on my mum to tell me exactly what to call each family member before entering their homes. The worst is during family reunions when extended family members show up unexpectedly I always panicked and ran to my mum to ask how I should address those people before I can greet them. lol. To this date I still cannot figure it out, and I'm 30.

@yystl

Жыл бұрын

So relatable

@phanx0m924

Жыл бұрын

Do you live there or America now, and how'd they react if you got it wrong?@

@irregular2329

9 ай бұрын

Getting it wrong on the age term may cause trouble, since the elder outranks the youner.

Older woman = Mom Older man = Dad If they are extra old put "grand" before the noun I used this system til I was 8

@bumblingbureaucrat6110

4 жыл бұрын

Hawaiian Kinship terms for the win

@thelordnaevis4946

3 жыл бұрын

Extra old💀 how old is that supposed to be

@yaboistefan1206

3 жыл бұрын

For me it was the same just replace mom and dad with auntie and uncle

@user-wh5fj6pj6m

2 жыл бұрын

@@thelordnaevis4946 For a child, probably 40+

@Amy_the_Lizard

2 жыл бұрын

@@user-wh5fj6pj6m Maybe 50+, depends some on the age of the kid's actual parents, I'd say. For me, I didn't consider people old unless they looked 60+ as a kid, but my parents were in their mid-forties when I was born, and thusly were getting pretty close to fifty by the time I was speaking coherantly.

So this is why human evolution ABSOLUTELY NEEDED a huge brain... To figure out who can bone who

@horseenthusiast1250

5 жыл бұрын

felpshehe surprise: all of human history has been created so we can all bone safely

@nohaxmeh576

5 жыл бұрын

To think an entire system was made so that you could practice safe incest

@alluviumboar

5 жыл бұрын

NoHaxMeh incest: fun for the whole family!

@thatoneguy9582

5 жыл бұрын

felpshehe go commit sweet home alabama

@baconbitz7937

4 жыл бұрын

Alabama needs to catch up

In Swedish we’ve got separate words for almost all our close family members. Father = Far Mother = Mor Brother = Bror Sister = Syster So we got a bit creative with this system. Fathers father = Farfar Fathers mother = Farmor Mothers father = Morfar Mothers mother = Mormor Fathers brother = Farbror Fathers sister = Faster Mothers brother = Morbror Mothers sister = Moster This is a pretty good and easy system to learn, the only problem is that we don’t have separate words for our cousins.

@wilsan806

2 жыл бұрын

Is there not a fætter/kusine distinction in swedish?

@Jojogrec

Жыл бұрын

@@wilsan806 There is not; all first cousins are called "kusin" in Swedish. I would call all my second cousins "syssling" but I think there might be regional differences regarding that and beyond.

@phanx0m924

Жыл бұрын

LOL

@shushia1658

Жыл бұрын

I like it

@thorbjrnhellehaven5766

Жыл бұрын

​@@wilsan806 Danish have fætter/kusine, and Norwegian have fetter/kusine (male/female cousin),

In Swedish we have differentiating words for our grandparents; we, call them mothermother, motherfather, fathermother and fatherfather.

@alexandrapedersen829

3 жыл бұрын

We do the same in Danish although we also distingiush between uncles and aunts. Your father's brother is your fatherbrother and his sister is your fathersister. Replace "father" with "mother" and the same goes. Your parent's sibling's spouse is also neither of these: males are called onkel and females are called tante, although it has recently become accepted to refer to your parent's brother as onkel in common parlance.

@annav6037

3 жыл бұрын

My family does this as a joke, your maternal grandmother is mommom and her dad is mommomdad

@Snaake42

3 жыл бұрын

@@alexandrapedersen829 Swedish (at leats the dialects spoken in Finland, for which I can speak for sure, but I'm fairly certain it's the same is Sweden) does the same: faster vs moster for aunts, and farbror vs morbror for uncles. Compared to a "pure" Sudanese system, cousins are just cousins though, and I assume that's the same in Danish and other Scandinavian languages.

@alexandrapedersen829

3 жыл бұрын

@@Snaake42 We also differenciate cousins by gender; your male cousin is your "fætter" and your female cousin is your "kusine". We also account for degrees of seperation with the prefix "grand-", so your male second cousin is your "grandfætter" and for each further degree of seperation, you add another "grand-". This prefix is also used to differenciate grand/great aunts and uncles from the regular ones. Furthermore, cousins are understood to be strictly in your generation; there is no specific word for e.g. your parent's first cousin.

@viciousRainbow

2 жыл бұрын

This is super old but i watched this comment ages ago and i kept thinking about it. and today i re-watched and looked it up! anyone here that's a swede might find this interesting! So we do the same thing where we keep the sides of family separated through naming conventions right, "mommom" is your grandmother on your mother side, "momsister" is your aunt on your mothers side and so on. but we dont care at all about our cousins- instead of "fatherssiblingskid/mothersiblingskid" we actually use the word cousin (kusin) aaaand that made me think we probably did keep track but have stopped! maybe stole it from the french? Classic move btw- and yes turns out that we did! here's a lil swedish text explaining it "Orden brylling och syssling har ursprungligen bägge betytt ’kusin’. Brylling är en avledning till broder och löd i fornsvensk form bröþlunger, bryllunger. Det betydde ’kusin på fädernet’ och avsåg alltså farbrors eller fasters barn. Ordet syssling är en motsvarande bildning till syster. Det hade i fornsvenskan formen systlunger och betydde kusin på mödernet. I äldre tid skilde man alltså i svenskan på kusiner från fars sida och kusiner från mors sida."

-Being a Chinese -Visiting a relative who is my father's elder brother's wife's younger brother's wife -Trying to figure out how to call her with an application -It fails

@Weeping-Angel

3 жыл бұрын

They better update that app 😂

@coffic

2 жыл бұрын

Might as well be honest about it, Iit's probably reciprocal!

@arthurthekyogre9155

2 жыл бұрын

You could simplify it to Aunt-in-law's Sister-in-law

@touffedaviau8370

2 жыл бұрын

That would be your...(paternal) step-aunt-in-law? Is that a thing? 🤣

@codeguy7309

2 жыл бұрын

A esposa do irmão mais novo da esposa do irmão mais velho do meu pai, took me a while to translate.

Indigenous Australians have unique words for up to the 10th cousin and 16 first and last names that decided who you could marry it worked for like 40,000 years to prevent inbreeding please do a video on it

@eriks1765

4 жыл бұрын

On Gotland they do it alphabetically. The children of cousins are A-cousins (or B-cousins depending on what part of the island you're from). Their children are the next letter in the swedish alphabet lending you 30 (or 29) different kinds of cousin terms for

@YimidhiirWakaminPama

4 жыл бұрын

Joshua Lansell-Kenny Also in our (Indigenous-Australian) family connections/kinships, our cousin’s children become our Nephews and Nieces, because the cousins are as if they’re our own brothers and sisters. And our Uncles and Aunties take on the roles of Fathers and Mothers. And our Grandparent’s brothers and sisters, we call them Grandad and Grandma as well. Then the next generation back, our Great Grandparents, in some tribes, they become our “Daughter” or “Son”, because they’re older and we, the young, have to take care of them. So we step into that carer type role. I never even heard of the terms “second cousin” or “great aunt” or “great uncle”, because we’ve always grown up with our family kinships, despite losing the language. We still carry on our family kinships to this day, which I still have to translate to Non-Indigenous people.

@resourcedragon

3 жыл бұрын

@John Citizen : Depends upon which group you are talking about. Australia is a vast country and the indigenous people had over 250 separate languages and many different cultures before the Europeans arrived. My understanding is that the Skin system is found more up in the north of Australia, whereas (for example) the Frazer Island people use a system like that described by Nearon189.

@nuberiffic

3 жыл бұрын

Ah yes, that one Aboriginal language...

@PC_Simo

3 жыл бұрын

In Finnish, your parents’ cousins’ children (your second cousins) would be your ”little cousins”, and with each successive generation, you just add another ”little” to the title (age has nothing to do with it), so, your third cousins would be your ”little little cousins”, and so on, technically allowing for an infinite number of different cousin terms.

I swear to god it sounds like your own script confused you

@XXRolando2008

6 жыл бұрын

lol

@JakubS

4 жыл бұрын

Libtards reeeeeeeeeeeeee

@albertbatfinder5240

2 жыл бұрын

It’s not the first time I have noticed that with this guy.

@andioop-8479

2 жыл бұрын

4 replies but 1000+ likes weird

Hello! I did my PhD on Asante kinship, specifically on inheritance. You've got it right-ish, but some key stuff is off. So, it's actually your father's brother (i.e., his uterine, or "yafunu" brother, the person that we also call brother) who stands to inherit next, then his mother's sisters' sons (what we would call his cousins) who are the next to inherit. Only if the father's same-generation successors are not competent/available/alive would it go to the younger generation of sister's son. This was super perplexing to the British, but it makes a lot of sense when you understand that Asante marriage is between families rather than individuals. In fact, pretty much all of the kinship terms rest on the fact that kinship is created by a marriage between two lineages. So, a man's brother can carry on his role as husband to a wife, whereas a man's son cannot. The man's son is in the same lineage as his wife, therefore if he inherited, the relationship between the families would be severed. But if the man's brother inherits, the two lineages maintain the same relationship even though the man has died. Sometimes this meant a literal carrying on of a marriage, where a widow would marry her husband's brother (after a period of mourning), but that is no longer common. More to the point, in this system the property follows the obligations. So, if you inherit property that a man used to provide for his wife and child, the "rules" of the system are that you must continue providing for the wife and child. (this is obviously simplified, and is a model of the logic, not necessarily how things play out; side note, changes to property law are changing wives' obligations to husband and children and reflect this logic even when the law doesn't effectively increase their access to co-produced marital property. That was the subject of my thesis). Among the people I did my research with, "cousin" and "aunt" were exclusively English terms. In Asante your matrilineal cousins (mother's sister's children) are siblings, and there wasn't a name people used for mother's brother's or father's siblings' children--unless they were emotionally close in which case it would be a sibling term, or Uncle/Aunty in English (or Twi words for uncle/mother), depending on their age. The term for a father's brother's is the same as for father. I was told that "serwaa" (the term for a father's sister most commonly used where I was) is more linguistically like "female father" or "in-law on the father's side" than like the English "aunt". So, the term doesn't indicate the relationship to your father at all, rather it is a term that means this woman stands in a similar relation to you as does your father and his brothers, but that she is a woman. This makes sense if you think about succession and inheritance, and marriage as joining two matrilineages (families) rather than two individuals. If all the men in a family die, the family property will be exclusively held by women. Those women will also have succeeded in their brothers' roles in terms of the RESPONSIBILITY they hold to their brothers' living wives and children. The women of the deceased man's family will retain the obligations usually held by fathers towards the children. That is, they DO NOT act as mothers or maternal uncles. They are responsible for providing what fathers are responsible for providing. So if we look at the terms from the perspective of "ego", the father's family shares a very similar set of obligations; therefore the terminology is not particularly nuanced. Fathers and their extended kin share a relatively limited set of obligations towards ego, and the internal distinctions of their lineage don't impact that. On the other hand, within one's own lineage (the mother's family), there is a LOT of internal importance to who is who. So there is more linguistic distinction. And a small fun addition to your linguistic chart: wofa does indeed mean "uncle" (mother's brother). There is also a word that a wofa uses for his sister's children: wofaase. It means "under the uncle" and represents the hierarchy of age and authority within the linage. Final fascinating note, I found that people tended to call their adult children "nua" (sibling) rather than "ba" (child); this was a sign of love and respect.

@carmennave329

3 жыл бұрын

Mostly posting this for others who might want to geek out over cool kinship details. There's a guy doing algebras of kinship that moves us light years beyond the classic diagrams, but he's sadly not been noticed much in anthropology because kinship studies fell out of favour. If someone wants that reference, comment and I'll dig it up.

@___Laura

2 жыл бұрын

This is fascinating! And complicated... Thanks for taking the time to type it up.

@ThePankaye

2 жыл бұрын

@@carmennave329 I am an Akan (Fante) and didn't know most these. is your PhD publically available? i would love to have a read

@thesaltedlamp3444

2 жыл бұрын

@@carmennave329 Hey, can you comment the reference to the kinship algebra guy? Thanks for the detailed comment! 😊

@carmennave329

2 жыл бұрын

@@thesaltedlamp3444 This is a test reply because my comments keep not showing up

Darth Vader: I am your father. Luke: *plays this video* Darth Vader: *visible confusion*

@Catastropheshe

3 жыл бұрын

Which father 😄

@TheObservationlounge

3 жыл бұрын

Confused just enough so Luke csn run out the back alley door...all the while, Vader just keeps scratching his head, muttering and drawing trees on paper...

@AxelQC

2 жыл бұрын

Vater is German for "father". So clever, Lucas.

@gabor6259

2 жыл бұрын

@@AxelQC But didn't that rob Germans from the biggest twist in movie history?

“I am your father’s, brother’s, nephew’s, cousin’s former roommate.”

@ardennes3016

4 жыл бұрын

That would just be the first persons cousin

@sz875

4 жыл бұрын

@@ardennes3016 or the first person himself.

@ardennes3016

4 жыл бұрын

@@sz875 redpilled

@allisond.46

4 жыл бұрын

@@ardennes3016 No, it would be the person's cousin's ex-roommate.

@Mirach84

4 жыл бұрын

The Schwartz is strong with this one.

Wow that was seriously confusing.

“I don’t want to sell you a rug to pull it out from under you.” That is a fantastic phrase.

Omg he was talking about the Iroquois system and I was like, THAT'S IT! ... and then he brought up South India! The whole point of the Dravidian system is to make sure u don't end up marrying the love-child of a parent's affair

@juleo1000

2 жыл бұрын

That's a bit f up, but smart too

@TrabberShir

2 жыл бұрын

@@juleo1000 it is only f up if the culture assumes lifelong monogamy to be somehow morally correct. In a serial monogamous society, this type of system just makes sure you don't marry one of your biological half-siblings. Quite a few of these linguistic systems did develop in societies that do not historically practice lifelong monogamy.

@mathewemmanuel1194

2 жыл бұрын

​@@TrabberShir As a Tamilian ( an ethnic group that follows Dravidian kinship) i can assure you that Dravidian culture, especially Tamil culture reveres monogamy.

@stephenlewis3047

2 жыл бұрын

@@TrabberShir usually the word "affair", at least where I'm from, implies that someone is in a committed monogamous relationship, but is having sex outside of that relationship. I think it's more the connotation of the word "affair" that makes it seem inappropriate, rather than having more than one sexual partner in life, because it's seen as a violation of the expectations of the relationship with your partner, while you're in that relationship.

@shramanadasdutta3006

2 жыл бұрын

I think it comes from the understanding that you mon could have slept with her male cousin due to opposite gender attraction and the convenience of the act. So the kids this 'uncle' has could easily be your moms kids. You shouldn't end up marrying them. This isnt exactly practically possible but i think that is the lowgic given.

These are some of the cutest circles and squares I've ever seen, they are utterly adorable.

I am from South India and we follow the Dravidian kinship system. Marrying cousins has gone out of practice in most cities these days although we retain the terms. We also have the older/younger sibling differences and the terms for maternal aunts and uncles are different from paternal aunts and uncles. So it's actually more complicated than what is shown in this video. That's why when we learn the English kinship terms in school, our teachers would tell us that English is very vague and ambiguous about relationships.

@handler8838

6 жыл бұрын

Just come out and say who did you marry............... was it one of them mums?

@aviarun9427

6 жыл бұрын

han dler I'm not married

@handler8838

6 жыл бұрын

yet! -Random cousin

@PikaPluff

6 жыл бұрын

Aww i love dogs! Bitch. xD But seriously, stop imposing stereotypes. -_-

@VineetMenon1

6 жыл бұрын

Dravidian doesn't have the "delegation of father and mother onto cross-cousins" phenomenon.

"your mother's sister is not your father's sister" Alabama: well....

@terner1234

3 жыл бұрын

They don't care about these rules

@NickRoman

3 жыл бұрын

What if your mother and father each had a different mother and father? They would not be related, right? But then what if your father's father had a daughter with your mother's mother? Then, your mother's sister would also be your father's sister. Half sister in both cases. No shenanigans, just complicated by the fact that when people have multiple pairings creating half-siblings, then this stuff all gets really complicated. That happens a lot everywhere in the U.S. now a days. No need to invoke Alabama. Although, of course, if it can be done, it sometimes is done, just like every other kind of animal.

@podemosurss8316

3 жыл бұрын

*Habsburg family has entered the chat

@alexritch6747

3 жыл бұрын

What an odd way of spelling Arkansas.

@girlofanimation

3 жыл бұрын

Flowers in the Attic

As the proud owner of a degree in anthropology one of my favourite party tricks is explaining cross and parallel cousins to drunk people then making them workout who'd they'd marry if they lived in that culture. 10/20 would recommend to a friend

@misteryA555

2 жыл бұрын

10/20? So 5/10? Did you perhaps mean 20/10 XD

Whereas in English, your "sister-in-law" is either your brother's wife, or your wife's sister.

@daisychains6866

5 жыл бұрын

...or your sister's wife, or your husband's sister.

@penfelyn

3 жыл бұрын

@@daisychains6866 well.....

@MerrowMeghan

3 жыл бұрын

Same in Dutch

@jellyfish0311

3 жыл бұрын

@@daisychains6866 oh yeah. "so... Which one of you is the real sister?"

@ACEsParkJunheeWreckedMeHard

3 жыл бұрын

In German we have "Schwager" wich means the brother of your wife/husband but if you say "Schwippschwager" you are refering to your own brother as the "brother in law" to your wife/husband. The female term is "Schwägerin". Basicly said: If you have a sister -> Schwester, if you have a brother -> Bruder, your parents are (depending on it) Mama/Mutter and Papa/Vater. Your grandparents are eighter Oma/Großmutter or Opa/Großvater and no mather from wich side of the family you only have 1 word for your grandparents. To specify stuff you sometimes say that you refer to your grandma on the mom's side of the family or that the grandma you talk about is the mom of your mom etc. The next one is aunt -> Tante, uncle -> Onkel. But we have a thing, different to a lot of other countries, because cousin is not just cousin. A female cousin is a "Cousine" (you prnounce the E) and the male cousin is a "Cousin" (It is not pronounced like the English one who you pronounce like KASIN, the German one is prnounced as KOSEN kind of but the N at the end sounds a bit more like an R, also regional some people in Germany might pronounce it as KOSENG). Also if your mom for example has a own aunt (lets say it's the sister of her father, aka. the sister of your grandpa) you put the word "groß" ( = big/larg/tall) in front of Tante so she is your "Großtante" and with this people know she is the aunt of your mom. You can literally put this also to cousins of your mom or dad so they are Großcousin and Großcousine to you. But if you go 1 generation backwords the parents of your grandparents become your Urgroßmutter/Uroma and Urgroßvatter or Uropa. It's shorter to say Uroma/Uropa ... "Ur" in this case comes from a term that describes things that happend in the past, mostly used for as example a fossil that can be called "Fossile" in German but it's also known as "Urgestein" (Stein means Stone, ge in front specifies that it's an object made from stone, combined with the Ur you specifiy that you have an ancient object made from stone ) ... also the more "ur" you put oin front of someone, the further away in your family-line they are so a "Ururgroßmutter" is the mother of your "Urgroßmutter" and that is the mother of your "Großmutter" and she is the mother of your "Mutter" ... yeah that might sounds a bit complicated from how I wrote it but it's actually very easy to understand

And then there are cultures, where you call your relations in relation to you. So your sister doesn't call you "Little Brother" she says "Big Sister" to you. Fascinating. 😁

@user-ht1vg5we2p

2 жыл бұрын

So if they weren't looking at you and you called them, they turned around, you were among many relatives and they can't tell where they heard the sound come from, they can just use the content of the call itself to see who to respond to. Quite genius in some ways

@alexandramilos392

2 жыл бұрын

This happens in Romanian, but the parents of the children do this ex: the mother calling both her son and daughter "mommy" or the father calling both his daughter and son "daddy". Ok, sometimes the aunts and grandmas do this as well.

@irmaosmatos4026

Жыл бұрын

​@@alexandramilos392Seem this in portuguese too, they talk on the third person for the children to learn the names of the parents, siblings and relative names. So they say "dad is gonna buy a toy for you" for example.

@Saladid

Жыл бұрын

@@alexandramilos392 In Arabic we have this too, but it's not limited to the parents, instead all of your family that are older than you by at least a generation do this (ie. uncles, aunts, parents, grandparents) And also elder strangers do this too, like how in English an old man might call a boy 'son' instead in Arabic he would call you 'uncle' or if it's an old lady she would call you 'auntie'

Turkish language has some words for some specific kin relationships especially for several in laws which are used commonly to distinguish them different than English. I will write the ones I can remember down if anyone is interested; Amca: Brother of your father Dayı: Brother of your mother Hala: Sister of your father Teyze: Sister of your mother Enişte: Husband of your sister Kayınço: Brother of your husband Görümce: Sister of your husband Kayınbirader: Brother of your wife Baldız: Sister of your wife Bacanak: Husband of the sister of your wife Elti: Wife of the brother of your husband Yenge: Wife of your brother Anneanne / Babaanne: Different words for grandmom (mother's side and father's side) Dünür: Your son's partner's parents Damat: Son in law Gelin: Daughter in law Kardeş: Sibling( It is used for younger siblings) Ağabey: Older Brother Abla: Older Sister

@denizsarkaya5410

3 жыл бұрын

Plus slightly older non-related people can be your big brother and big sister and way older non-related people can be your mother's sister, mother's brother or father's brother (but for some reason not your father's sister). These non-related people include both people you know and total strangers in the street. Moreover, enişte can also mean husband of your aunt and yenge can mean wife of your uncle. There is also kayınvalide (your spouse's mother) and kayınpeder (your spouse's father). I can't really tell which kinship system Turkish follows...

@mariksen

3 жыл бұрын

Wooooow! :O What about "your DAUGHTER'S parenter's parents"?

@gf4453

3 жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@islamgaziev1717

2 жыл бұрын

similar in Uzbek

@mxyellowo

2 жыл бұрын

Not just these but there are region specific sayings of some kinships in Turkish like calling your father's sister "Ame" and calling your mother's sister "Hala"

You eventually hit on the reason for distinguishing between cross cousins and parallel cousins for marriage purpose. When someone is born their maternity is obvious but their paternity can potentially been in doubt. Parallel cousins can't marry because there's a chance they may have the same father and thus be half-siblings genetically.

@mpfilgueiras

4 жыл бұрын

Your answer in what is called an instrumental approach to culture, meaning that behind cultural institutions and practices there is always a natural imposition or necessity. Fact is many cultures do not distinguish parallel from cross cousins and allow any cousins to marry. The need for kinship is not natural but it is an invention, like language. The relationship between sign and meaning in language is totally arbitrary just like any kinship system. The interesting thing about kinship is not how it avoids inbreeding, but how it defines inbreeding in the first place. Once existing, kinship forces groups to make alliances through marriage.

@30803080308030803081

4 жыл бұрын

mpfilgueiras I know you think you sound smart. Thinking more broadly, not focusing on one debatable anthropological theory, biology is related to culture. A scientist interested in human cultures would investigate the underlying explanations for cultural phenomena of all kinds. If all you are curious about is describing cultures without investigating anything more fundamental, that is fine. Some scientific thinkers are curious about the evolutionary origins of human behavior in all of its variations and subtleties. Everything in nature can be investigated scientifically.

@Anonymous-df8it

Жыл бұрын

Then why is your paternal parallel cousin fine? Why is your maternal cross cousin not fine?

In Japanese, relative age matters, so there are different words for siblings depending on whether they're older or younger than you. But there are also different words for uncles and aunts depending on whether they're older or younger than the parent through which you're related. And it's considered rude to address someone directly with the second person pronoun, so usually they talk in the third person and use the names, even when addressing someone directly. But here's the weird kicker: when you address strangers, you call them brother/sister/uncle/aunt/grandpa/grandma, depending on the perceived age difference between you. As if to say "we're all one big family." Kind of beautiful, right? :)

@dimitriscollier9918

6 жыл бұрын

Mikeztarp Not exactly. If you meet someone you don't know, unless you're a child, you don't call them grandpa/grandma etc. You use あなた (if you ever need to refer to them at all) until you ask for their name.

@crobes4155

6 жыл бұрын

Linguistics is quite beautiful :) But would someone get offended if you address them incorrectly?

@dimitriscollier9918

6 жыл бұрын

TheTopazRobot Only old fashioned people.

@xXxSkyViperxXx

6 жыл бұрын

i believe this is the same logic for chinese and in my country, the philippines too.

@quamne

6 жыл бұрын

no

In Finnish, there is several distinct words for different -in-laws. Interested? Just google them. But there is a certain more interesting oddity, that made Disney characters being translated wrongly: UNCLE! In Finnish, there is "setä" which is your father's brother. Then there is "eno" which is your mother's brother. And yes, you guessed the following: The translators got it wrong, when they translated Uncle Scrooge and Uncle Donald. They were translated as Roope-setä and Aku-setä, even when they are not "setäs" but "enos".

@XXXkazeXXX

5 жыл бұрын

this! i was scrolling down the comments to see if any finn had already commented about our bizarre in-law system @.@

@Mac_an_Mheiriceanaigh

5 жыл бұрын

wow... I am impressed you noticed at all. I never noticed whether it was a maternal or paternal uncle

@ZeLeninovoMasoveRizoto

5 жыл бұрын

Actually, in Czech republic we have a similar system. Either they have a specific word (like mother in law - tchyně) or they're just the same as from your side (the children of your brother in law would still be nieces or nephews)

@sternis1

5 жыл бұрын

In the Swedish translation of the Donald Duck, we have the exact same problem! Both uncle Scrooge ("Joakim") and Donald ("Kalle") would be "morbror" (mothers brother) in Swedish, but they are called "farbror" (fathers brother) instead. In Swedish the are called "Farbror Joakim" or "Farbror Kalle". This was actually mentioned in the translation of one of the comics in "The life and times of Uncle Scrooge" when Donald and his nephews visit him he says "Jag är er morbror, men ni kan kalla mig farbror", meaning "I am your uncle (mothers side) but you may call me uncle (fathers side)". Futhermore In Swedish, we even have a name for the collection of Huey, Dewey, and Louie ("Knatte, Fnatte och Tjatte"). We call them "Knattarna".

@RaspK

5 жыл бұрын

In Greek, there's a similar amount of detail going into direct in-laws: kzread.info/dash/bejne/i4OdlMVrlJbFfM4.html&lc=UgyBUlpNkhw2a5PFVjR4AaABAg I should add that we also have a term for the *parents* of the two spouses: the refer to each other as συμπέθερος [m.]/συμπεθέρα [f.] (πεθερός/πεθερά means "father-/mother-in-law" - and συν- is equivalent to con- ["with/together"]).

in the crow system, a cousin could say, "no, i am your father."

@bluepapaya77

3 жыл бұрын

That's not true! That's impossible!

@kewlbeans2463

3 жыл бұрын

@Northward Bound that is true

@Painocus

2 жыл бұрын

Would be a horrible way to find out your dad died. Your cousin just shows up and calls you his son/daughter.

What about the system we use in Sweden? It seems like a Sudanese system. Mother = moder = mor Father = fader = far Sister = syster Brother = broder = bror Maternal grandfather = mother's father = mors far = morfar Maternal grandmother = mother's mother = mors mor = mormor Paternal grandfather = father's father = fars far = farfar Paternal grandmother = father's mother = fars mor = farmor Maternal uncle = mother's brother = mors bror = morbror Maternal aunt = mother's sister = mors syster = moster Paternal uncle = father's brother = fars bror = farbror Paternal sister = father's sister = fars syster = faster Older sister = storasyster Younger sister = lillasyster Older brother = storebror Younger brother = lillebror Younger siblings = småsyskon Sister's daughter (nephew?) = systerdotter Sister's son (nephew?) = systerson Brother's daughter (nephew?) = brorsdotter Brother's son (nephew?) = brorson Daughter's daughter = dotters dotter = dotterdotter Daughter's son = dotters son = dotterson Son's daughter = sons dotter = sondotter Son's son = sons son = sonson Child = barn Grandchild = barns barn = barnbarn Great grandchild = barnbarns barn Great great grandchild = barnbarns barnbarn etc. Mother in-law = svärmor Father in-law = svärfar One = en/ett Two = två Three = tre Not completely sure if the following is right, though: Cousin = kusin = enmänning Second cousin = cousin's cousin = syssling = tvåmänning Third cousin = cousin's cousin's cousin = pyssling = tremänning etc. There are even more interesting terms. I want to know what this system is called, though.

@InkanSpider

4 жыл бұрын

Not completely right. The cousin part is correct, but after that it's wrong. In order it's kusin, tremänning, fyrmänning, and then you usually stop there. The kids of two cousins are tremänning, and the kids of two tremänning becomes fyrmänning

@ericraymond3734

4 жыл бұрын

As you are describing it, that fits the Sudanese type.

@rickard7031

3 жыл бұрын

@@ericraymond3734 It doesn't fit the Sudanese system 100%. We still have a catch-all term for cousins (kusiner) like the Inuit system.

@cynmk2650

3 жыл бұрын

I wondered about that too, would be super interesting to see!

@Lemonz1989

3 жыл бұрын

It's similar in all the (Scandinavian) Nordic languages. Almost identical structure in Faroese - even the words are very similar.

We Chinese have a word for "father's brother's son who's older than me" but have no way of saying logic or romance without English transliteration. Maybe that's that's why we don't have a native word for logic.

@nelsonricardo3729

6 жыл бұрын

That's illogical.

@weirdofromhalo

6 жыл бұрын

There are definitely Chinese terms for romance.

@yirenchen6384

6 жыл бұрын

Nah. It's anglicized.

@jasondoe2596

6 жыл бұрын

That's crazy O_o

@MK-ex4pb

6 жыл бұрын

thegreen because Chinese thinks it's inherently logical and there is no romance with robots

Here in Iceland we use the same words for anyone who isn't a direct ancestor, descendant or sibling: Frændi (male) and Frænka (female). Ok. It's not that simple. The above is the more informal and common usage, but we also have more formal terms for our uncles and aunts: Föðurbróðir (Father's brother) Föðursystir (Father's sister) Móðurbróðir (Mother's brother) Móðursystir (Mother's sister) and we can extend it to our granduncles and aunts as well Afabróðir (Grandfather's brother) Afasystir (Grandfather's sister) Ömmubróðir (Grandmother's brother) Ömmusystir (Grandmother's sister) And for our immediate nephews and nieces: Systursonur (Sister's son) Systurdóttir (Sister's daughter) Bróðursonur (Brother's son) Bróðurdóttir (Brother's daughter) We don't have specific names for our cousins, but when talking about them in general (i.e. not one individual) we often use the term frændsystkyni (Systkyni is our word for siblings) but in general frændi and frænka can cover all of this, so keep that in mind whenever you stumble upon those two words when translating from Icelandic. In old times it could even mean 'friend' (where did you think that word came from?)

@simonlow0210

6 жыл бұрын

So basically, Icelandic is just two words merged together. If English did the same too, it would've ended like Brotherson, Brotherdaughter.

@kimevertolofsson

6 жыл бұрын

It's similar in Swedish. Simple and yet specific.

@RaymondHng

6 жыл бұрын

...until you deal with a large number of generations. Would 9X great grandchildren be _barnbarnbarnbarnbarnbarnbarnbarnbarnbarnbarn_ ?

@HenrikBergpianorganist

6 жыл бұрын

Almost, it would be barnbarns barnbarns barnbarns barnbarns barnbarns barn!

@HenrikBergpianorganist

6 жыл бұрын

Swedish has almost the same system as Icelandic, only without the words beginning with "afa" and "ömmu". The beauty about it is that you can follow the lineage so clearly: farmors morfars moster = father's mother's mother's father's mother's sister!

I gave up about a quarter of the way through and just sat there listening like, “oh wow.”

Filipino/Tagalog: - Your parents friends are also your "uncle" and "aunt". - Your cousin's children are your niece/nephew. - Your cousin's children's children are called your grandchildren. - Your grandparent's siblings are called your grandparents as well, yes that means you can have 5, 8, 10, 15, etc.. grandparents. - Your aunt/uncle's partner is ALSO called your aunt or uncle. - Strangers are also your "uncle" or "aunt". - If your cousin is older than you, you call them sister or brother. - If a stranger/someone you know is older than you but under the age of 40, you call them sister or brother. - If a stranger/someone you know is older than you but between the age of 40 - 60, you call them aunt or uncle. - If a stranger/someone you know is older than 60, you call them grandmother or grandfather. - If your family becomes close with another family, then you treat them like 'close relatives'. So yes your best friend can be your "cousin".

@aqimjulayhi8798

4 жыл бұрын

We share the same similarities in Malay. We also add distinct names to each and every one of our uncles and aunties, whom we begin by calling mother and father, by their order of birth. The Hawaiian kinship system is so lovely; no family member is distant from eachother.

@kikoski28

4 жыл бұрын

Yeah, its the same in Macedonian. Literary the SAME. Glad to see someone use the same system far from the Balkans. 😀

@figueroaaabon

4 жыл бұрын

Many of those similarities also happen in Latin American Spanish! 😁

@StarTheTripleDevil

4 жыл бұрын

There's probably a lot of awkwardness when you go to strangers and ask for their age so you can figure out what to call them.

@javiercs006

4 жыл бұрын

@@StarTheTripleDevil In practice you just get a feel for it without asking, and default to just using the general 'po' honorific and using "sir/ma'am."

The Chinese case also gets more complicated when you consider the dialectical differences. Some of my friends come from places where they always call cousins brothers and sisters.

@gkheng

6 жыл бұрын

which place are they from? I think they simplified it

@Ra-hu3sg

6 жыл бұрын

gan kh He is from Jiangxi or something I can’t be certain. It’s an abbreviation that is very commonly used in their linguistic environment, while it’d cause a lot of confusions to me and other friends, which is the point of this video. It’s like I can also refer to an older brother as Xiongdi, but nobody prefers this over Gege in Chinese, yet it wouldn’t be confusing to an English speaker. I also know a couple of different ways to call maternal and paternal uncles and aunts which can be used in one dialect but would be confusing in another.

@raosei6496

6 жыл бұрын

Yup! For example I call my grandma mama which confuses people XD

@simonlow0210

6 жыл бұрын

Chloe Chan Yeah. Both 妈妈 and 嫲嫲 sounds similar so it is confusing sometimes.

@shadowfire04

5 жыл бұрын

I do this!!!

*I speak Vietnamese, which adopted Chinese pronouns and kinship terms, then got many of them mixed up!*

@D.Wapher

4 жыл бұрын

Fun times when family gathering, I assume.

@xyzno1cancer

4 жыл бұрын

No. We adopted Chinese kinship system and put native terms (which happen to also be pronouns) in their place. Chinese pronouns are even simpler than English ones, it's literally 我 (I), 你 (you), and 他 (he/she) for everyone, adding 们 for plural when necessary (the emperor did get special treatments but there hasn't been one for over a century).

@LL-pl2ek

3 жыл бұрын

他 is for male 她 is for female

@KathyHoismygovtnm

3 жыл бұрын

Idk, we attach numbers so it kinda helps us differentiate between age. I don't find it so confusing since what you call them tells you everything about what side of the family they're on and the order they were born in

One thing that I love about Korean, which I’ve been trying to learn, is that the various words for older brother or sister seem to have been generalized and can be used for anyone you are close to and respect, regardless of family relation - sort of your chosen family. This strikes me as an eminently sensible 21st century linguistic adaptation. In English we sort of flirt with this usage this from time to time but the Korean adaptation seems much more natural to me.

"Keep that goal of marrying your cross-cousin in mind" No, I don't think I will.

@Anonymous-df8it

2 жыл бұрын

Habsburgs: Too distantly related! I need to marry my siblings! SWEET HOME ALABAMA

@alonsoACR

Жыл бұрын

@@Anonymous-df8it sorry to be annoying but the habsburgs never married siblings they were a Catholic dynasty so they were bound by Catholic rules. Meaning aunts/nephews, uncles/nieces, cousin/cousin are valid pairings but siblings, parents and grandparents are not. In majority-Catholic countries this system is reflected in law, but even with that it's very rare for a man to marry his niece or aunt lol. It does happen occasionally but society will frown upon you, even if the law and the religion won't.

@Anonymous-df8it

Жыл бұрын

@@alonsoACR Isn't it already against their religion to have uncle/niece marriages?

@alonsoACR

Жыл бұрын

@@Anonymous-df8it No, it isn't and as far as I know it never was. I'm from Peru and a famous writer (and Nobel Prize winner) actually married his own aunt. It wouldn't have been possible if it was either illegal or against Catholicism. His name is Mario Vargas Llosa, look him up if you don't believe me. However it's worth noting that even though it was technically allowed it was still a bit of a scandal and quite creepy in the eyes of everyone.

To mess it up even more, the system can change over time. For example, modern Polish seems to be a pure Inuit system like English. However, it still has the remnants of the older vocabulary that resembles Latin more. For example, your mother's brother is "wuj" but your father's brother historically would be called "stryj", aunts from both sides would also be different. Just to add something from yet another system, cousins, depending on the side of family tree can be called "sister" and "brother" also (siostra/brat cioteczny/wujeczny/stryjeczny). Not to mention the (currently anachronic) wording specific to almost all possible relatives and in-laws, like "świekra".

@mancubwwa

3 жыл бұрын

Oh yes, also remeber we may use almost purely inuit system in the examples shown (your generation and up) but we still use different terms for our nephews and nieces depending wether they are children of our brother (bratanek, bratanica) or our sister (siostrzeniec, siostrzenica). also stryj (for paternal uncle) and more rarely stryjenka are still used in eastern part of the country.

@RoxyBG83

Жыл бұрын

And now imagine Bulgarian as s Balkan Slavic that includes remnants of the old Roman system, influenced by Turkish (we adopted some of their terms) plus regional differences.

I always like these language comparison videos as a bilingual It’s nice seeing the differences and similarities between English and Chinese, and other languages

@g-rexsaurus794

5 жыл бұрын

As a trilingual I can't say the same, I speak only European languages and they differ little in such things.

@anotheraccount2052

5 жыл бұрын

G-Rex Saurus true I’m bilingual but we speak a dialect of a language where it’s 2 languages together but it’s closer to albanian with Serbian into it my mother can speak both languages in the correct form (besides Albanian she only speaks the dialect within that dialect) so I’ve always been confused by stuff like this

Me: (Listening curiously and taking notes for an essay) Also Me: *(Screaming in confusion)*

Do speakers of these languages really know their systems thoroughly, though? I mean, we use that whole first and second cousin N times removed thing, and almost no one really understands it past a certain point.

@VictoryDanDukor

3 жыл бұрын

Yes, we understand our family systems lol. I feel like societies that are individualistic might not fully grasp their own family systems bc they don't have to. But everyone who prioritize families and live with our communities everyday know. Even though sometimes we might forget momentarily.

@user-vy2oc4gk1p

3 жыл бұрын

I'm a Dravidian and tbh no I don't know what to call all my relatives. I just call them aunt and uncle. And I think it's true for most of the population. Nobody knows all the kinship terms and nobody knows which cousins are "marriageable" and who is not. And it doesn't matter. No one marries their cousins anymore and nobody talks to their grandfather's brothers grandchild. No one except cultural enthusiast knows all the kinship terms

@kasra72389

3 жыл бұрын

If it's any help, Persian has a sudanese-esque system, where nearly everyone on ðe tree gets ðeir own word. I'm so accustomed to ðe English one, ðat I have trouble tracking if ðe cousin I'm talking about is my maternal-aunt's-son or my paternal-uncle's-daughter. My parents are able to do it on whim, so I'd say native speakers who are immersed in ðeir own culture are 100% able to keep track of it. Ðat being said, whenever my parents use any of ðe 8 different 'cousin' words, my brain always just filters it down to 'cousin.'

@EnigmaticLucas

3 жыл бұрын

@@kasra72389 Are you trying to bring back eth or something?

@kasra72389

3 жыл бұрын

@@EnigmaticLucas Ðey are pretty and I like ðem, þorn and eð are ðe way to go

Woooo!!! Another video by NativLang, this is a blessing!

@EchoHeo

6 жыл бұрын

I love your username and propic

@emv...

6 жыл бұрын

Bluemon Who doesn't

What do you think of the 7 systems? Do you know a language with intriguing kin terms? Also, do you want more cross-language features like this or more individual old languages?

@boilpoil

6 жыл бұрын

I think these cross-language features are really interesting. My friend and I have always been intrigued by how differently English and Mandarin (and Cantonese, our mother tongue) refer to our extended family members, like how we treat paternity completely differently. Maybe another topic you can look at is honorifics systems across languages? It's basically absent in English but it's also really telling what a culture treats with or without much respect different things/people.

@LostieTrekieTechie

6 жыл бұрын

Hungarian doesn't have brother/sister as own words. You're either awkward and say male sibling / female sister or you choose between elderbrother / youngerbrother, or eldersister/youngersister.

@marto0o97

6 жыл бұрын

Bulgarian has so many terms that are still used that seem to be a mixture of the systems, and even more antiquated ones which no one uses but still exist and people know what they mean!

@ggarzagarcia

6 жыл бұрын

Learning and memorizing the Mandarin terms are a bitch. Even normal Chinese get confused for some terms, like paternal great uncle, a paternal cousin's stepfather, older half brother, or maternal great great grandmother. If you don't have them in your current living family you more likely don't use those terms.

@annamariaparkinson3562

6 жыл бұрын

NativLang I have always found it difficult to keep straight the English system, where more distant cousins could be your second cousin, twice removed, etc. It would be good to have this diagrammed out.

8:35 "why do these systems exist" Well, it's quite clear that there seem to be 3 primary motivating factors in the formation of kinship systems: - genetic relationship & the ((un)desired) ability/disability to couple - succession - familiarity in the sense of 'taking care of' or 'being responsible for' (in the case of for instance your parents dying)

Farsi (Persian) also uses the Sudanese Kinship system but it's really easy to understand. You're going to have to learn the different words for your father's siblings and your mother's but after that is the hardest part. Your cousins will basically be the son/daughter of the parent related to you. For example; your mother's sister is your khalé, so the cousin that is your aunt's son (from mothers side) would be your persar-khalé, meaning aunt-son. It's as simple as that! All you need to know is how to say son and daughter, and how their parent is related to you.

Feels great to see Dravidian system mentioned. Greetings from Hyderabad!

@siri1805

2 жыл бұрын

@Optimum Music 🤦🖕

In modern Polish we simplified things to Inuit system but in the past (till about late 1800s/mid 1900s depending on the region) it was so much more complicated it was more akin to Sudanese "different word for each family member" system. Many people still calls mothers brother "wuj", but fathers brother "stryj". But no one differentiates anymore sister of your mother from wife of your uncle. And you had still different words for brothers and sisters of your husband, different still for siblings of your wife and their spouses. Not to mention their own children or spouses and children of your cousins, different words for parents of your son-in-law, different for your daughter-in-law's. Or special words for cousins of your each parent and _their children_ It was nuts. Sometimes handy, but mostly nuts. EDIT: Did I mentioned that all those terms mostly weren't created from some simple word matrix, like in Skandinavian languages? No, no, no. Not in Polish. Polish is not a language of rules. Polish is a language of exceptions. There were some words for very specific family members that werem't even Slavic in origin, and so completely unrelated to anything. For example word for exactly your wife's sister's husband was "paszenog", which was most likely Avar in origin - a language of unknown family already extinct from Central Europe in 900s. And the contemporary word for husband of your sister, brother of your wife, your wife's sister's husband or your brother's wife's brother - "szwagier" - is German. Now that's some real complication!

@eroticnetwork1421

6 жыл бұрын

Christian Changer Avarmwas likely a Turkic or a Mongolic on3 wince the people was frommthese origins.

@Gew219

6 жыл бұрын

Retarded Memes' Channel But there's a nation in Dagestan speaking North Caucasian language calling themselves Avars and we really don't know if they are the same people or not. Medieval Avars are still a big mistery.

@IvanNOFX

5 жыл бұрын

It's similar in Serbian so I guess it's a Slavic trait. We have 'ujak' for your mother's brother and 'stric' for your father's brother. Your parents' sisters are both 'tetka'. We also use 'pašenog' for your wife's sister's husband, and other words like 'svastika' for your wife's sister and 'šurak' for your wife's brother. Still, all your cousins are your brothers and sisters but you can be more specific if you'd like. Your mother's brother's daughter can be specified as 'sestra od ujaka' meaning 'sister from mother's brother' or you could say 'rođeni brat' for your actual brother.

@alloffor

5 жыл бұрын

Christian Changer I know this post is old but yeah, we have so many words in family tree. Even out of it tbh, like in English you have all the in-laws we have Szwagier, szwagierka, zięć, synowa (son and daughter in law) teść teściowa (father and mother in law). I quite like even the old names for family members, doesn't make it so complicated on family reunions and who is who. Especially when cousins or you and aunts or uncles are similar age or there was space in generations do to age difference etc.

1:52 In Euskera (Basque) we do the same as in Hawai'ian: - Brother of a brother = Anaia - Sister of a sister = Ahizpa - Brother of a sister = Neba - Sister of a brother = Arreba

If I create a language, I'll just let people calling their cousin 'Father's Sister's Daughter'

@meryemhamam6464

2 жыл бұрын

that's how it is in arabic actually! in many dialects arabic speakers refer to their cousins based on which side of the family they are(mom or dad) and their gender. considering that aunt and uncle have different terms depending on which side they're, it's much easier to distinguish between which cousin the person is talking about.

@lynxaway

2 жыл бұрын

What Meryem said! That’s what we do in Arabic‚ though it can be a huge pain when you get to more complicated relations.

@meryemhamam6464

2 жыл бұрын

@@lynxaway definitely! I've always had a hard time remembering the words to describe distant relations 😅

@Anonymous-df8it

2 жыл бұрын

Lol. Imagine if say, your fourth cousin, twice removed was called ‘great-great-grandparent’s sibling’s great-great-great-great-grandchild’. Don’t want to live in that world!

NativLang, you did a good job of presenting this in a nice and simple way. Still, it's very confusing; my brain aches. Lol. Thanks a lot for another good video.

Fun Fact: The kinship system in dutch is an altered version of the Inuit system, where you(male) are your uncle/aunt's "neef", and you(female) are your uncle/aunt's "nicht". At the same time, your male cousins are also your "neven"(plural of neef), and your female cousins are also your "nichten"(plural of nicht)

@Koisheep

6 жыл бұрын

Logan New I think that's just the gender of the word personally. In Spanish is kinda the same -- neef = sobrino, nicht = sobrina but your male cousins are your primos and the female are your primas.

@apta9931

6 жыл бұрын

Konhat Lee Sakurai in spanish the words for niece/nephew and m. Cousin/f. Cousin are different. Neven is just the plural of neef and nichten of nicht, they aren't different words like sobrino/primo are, in the comment I used the plural because it made more since to use there

@Correctrix

6 жыл бұрын

In other words, the terms that mean (and are almost certainly cognate with) ‘nephew‘ and ‘niece’ are also used for cousins.

@WouterCloetens

6 жыл бұрын

As pointed out above, that’s just an indication the gender of the person referred to (which could have been placed in a distinct classification, but apparently wasn’t). To me, the Dutch system is practically identical to the English one. Neef = nephew, nicht = niece, and where I’m from, “kozijn” (obvious relation with “cousin”) is another word for nephew that makes it explicit that it is a direct cousin of the same generation. Around here, in a historically Catholic area, relatives who are godparents will never be addressed or referred to as uncle, aunt, elder brother etc., but always as godfather (peter) or godmother (meter).

@apta9931

6 жыл бұрын

Wouter Cloetens Het lijkt erop dat ik d'r antwoord niet helemaal heb begrepen. De eerste zin bracht me in de war, want ze heeft "it's just the gender of the words" gezegt

The Indigenous Australians also have a very unique kinship system based on what nation they come from and sometimes what nation they marry into! Would definitely recommend having a look if you're interested

In Dutch cousins, nieces and nephews are all a “neef” or “nicht”. we don’t say first or second cousin, twice removed etc. We add “achter”nicht for “back” cousin and leave it at that 😁 Also in some cultures there’s no separation for half-siblings, and people are creative with stepchildren like “bonus” kids. So much to explore!

I love the Inuit system. You have brother, sister, aunt, uncle, cousin and grand-something, that's all. How simple and beautiful! I don't appreciate our mega-Sudanese system, so complicated, read a classic novel and the kinship terms will make your head explode. And you can't call your relatives by their names, you have to address them by the correct kinship terms. Ugh!

@Gew219

6 жыл бұрын

What's this mother tongue of yours?

@g-rexsaurus794

5 жыл бұрын

To be fair it removes ambiguity, which is also a desiderable goal.

@horseenthusiast1250

5 жыл бұрын

huahualipo in the Inuit system, it gets confusing if you just say “my aunt” or “my grandpa” bc unless you use a name and everyone knows who that person is, they’re just an ambiguous aunt or grandpa

@adamnunavumiuq5121

5 жыл бұрын

Have to say what NativLang calls "the Inuit System" is way off from Inuit culture, relationship names or importance in real life. I'm curious as to how the name as attached to that system. My guess is colonialism, but that's a different discussion. Inuit relationships are much more complex/precise than the video says. In English I have a brother, but in Inuktitut I have a nuka, a younger sibling of the same sex as myself, but I don't have a angaju, older sibling of the same sex, or ani or najak, different sisters. With cousins, aunts, uncles, second+ cousins, granparents siblings, etc there are complications depending on generation and who relates you. Many, many more names than English has, and has close relationships with, second or further cousins, i.e. people that we Anglos call "who?? Never heard of you, buzz off!"

@rahuldhargalkar

5 жыл бұрын

Just accept and appreciate the diversity!

I speak Bengali so family distinctions are made by gender, age, relation, marriage, and which side of the family they're on. Initially it's annoying to memorise given the sheer number, but it's made identifying family members so much easier. I heard my mum mention her Debor Jaa and immediately knew who she was talking about out of all the aunts and uncles I have (of which I have 14) and the people they married.

When someone tells me about their brother or sister in Serbian, I gotta ask if they are talking about their cousin or sibling lol

@PlaceboEllie

3 жыл бұрын

the aunts and uncles always trip me up as a second language speaker

@stevanmedvedev

3 жыл бұрын

Guessing Geo yes those too

@mariksen

3 жыл бұрын

So what is the Serbian kinship system??

@TheDarknessRa

3 жыл бұрын

@@mariksen it's Sudanese, similar to the Old Roman one showed here

@crazydragy4233

2 жыл бұрын

I struggle with siblings who are related only through one parent in my language. The words for cousins literally mean "half brother/sister" already lol

Note on Chinese, cousins are lumped into two groups based on whether both of you share a last name (i.e. your fathers are siblings). So: 堂弟 means your father's brother's son who is younger than you. 表弟 means your father's sister's/mother's sibling's son who is younger than you. According to my parents, it may have been that way because people had huge lateral families (multiple wives, etc.) and people who shared your family name were considered closer to you.

I was so happy seeing the notification that you posted! I love your videos and it's felt so long since your last!

As a Tagalog speaker I'd say we use most of the Hawaiian system but with some differences. While aunts (mga tita) and uncles (mga tito) are separate from parents (mga magulang), we call our cousins brothers (mga kuya) and/or sisters (mga ate). If siblings and cousins are older than you you usually call them "Kuya (insert nickname)", adding the word 'kuya' or 'ate', same with having to add 'tito' or 'tita' before an uncle or aunt's name and 'lolo' or 'lola' before a grandparent's name. If they're younger than you you don't have to add anything and just call them their nickname.

@65fhd4d6h5

6 жыл бұрын

Interesting. Tita and tito are the terms of endearment used for aunt and uncle respectively in Spanish.

@joe_ita

6 жыл бұрын

So, if your grandma is called Dolores, the proper way to call her in Tagalog would be "lola Lola"? Lol, this world is so beautiful.

@Marjiance26

6 жыл бұрын

Well, as a Filipino, there are also words for first brother (kuya), or 1st sister (ate), then second brother (dikong) or sister (ditse), 3rd brother (sangko) or sister (sanse) and 4th and etc. becomes (bunso)

@Marjiance26

6 жыл бұрын

But those terms (sangko, sanse) have merely forgotten by everyone in the urban areas, mainly in Manila, due to the English language

@CalenHSM

6 жыл бұрын

Do we not call our cousins, in general, as "pinsan" or "mga pinsan (cousins)"?

The Simplified System: mother-"relative" father-"relative" sister-"relative" brother-"relative" etc.

In Igbo, there is nothing like "cousin". Everybody is "nwanne" literally meaning "mother's child" and roughly meaning "sibling" so if you come to Igbo land, you will likely here someone (including me) call their cousins "siblings". It's also common in other Nigerian languages.

In Spanish we use the Inuit system, but for some reason we also have completely different words for people who marry INTO the family, instead of keeping it simple and saying father/mother/whatever and adding "in-law" to it. The one's I remember: your spouse's siblings are "cuñados(as)", your spouse's parents are your "suegros(as)", your son's wife is your "nuera" and your daughter's husband is your "yerno". I think it still counts as the Inuit system, because that's as far as it goes, we don't care about who marries our cousins or nephews/nieces.

@Gew219

6 жыл бұрын

We have the same thing in Polish. Your spouse's sibling is "szwagier(ka); your spouse parent is "teść(owa)"; your son's wife is "synowa" and your daughter's husband is "zięć". But that's only the simplest, most contemporary system. Some people still differentiate parents of your husband from parents of your wife or each other siblings and spouses of those siblings.

@pierreabbat6157

6 жыл бұрын

I have no trouble remembering that nuera is сноха (they're cognates), but get lost trying to remember what they are in English or stepwise. And szwagier being different from suegro would confuse me (again, they're cognates, but one shifted meaning).

@gcircle

5 жыл бұрын

Same as Portugal, we have names for the "in-laws", but cousins and uncles in laws are simply called "cousins/uncles by affinity"

In dutch we use the inuit version with one slight variation; we call male cousins and nephews both "neef"(singular) or "neven"(plural) and we call both female cousins and nieces "nicht"(singular) and "nichten"(plural). Sorry for bad english because as you might have guessed dutch is my first language.

@artifex2.080

3 жыл бұрын

Gebruiken ze in Duits toch ook

@petterhouting7484

3 жыл бұрын

@@artifex2.080 nee die doen net als fransen en engelsen... die hebbej een verschil tussen cousin en nephew

@cescobb4647

2 жыл бұрын

It's the exact same thing in Italian, but (strangely) we don't ahve the gender difference: "nipote" singular and "nipoti" plural

In Uzbek there are different words for older brother (aka), younger brother(uka), older sister(opa), and younger sister(singli). There are tons more for distant relatives and also for all the in-laws. I don't even remember all of them, I just refer to every distant female as aunt and male as uncle irrespective of their age. But also, its normal in Uzbek to call even people you don't really know as aka or uka, or opa or singli or amaki(father's brother). Also you call your paternal and maternal uncles and aunts with different words and same for in-laws.So like for example you want to ask shop assistant for help, you could call him just Aka, please help me. Or if she is female then opa. If they are of the same age or so, and if younger you can call them ukam/singlim(my brother) but personally I find it a bit familiarizing.

While German uses the Inuit system as well, there's one historical exception: Brothers of your mother had a special term (Oheim instead of Onkel) for the simple reason that women had less legal rights and if the father of her child couldn't be determined it needed a male guardian (people died young so her father was not an option in many cases). With other words, a special term for the closest (usually adult) male relative whos kinship doesn't depend on faith. I'm not completely shure but I assume his children were basically your siblings in this case as well.

@sebastianlabusch465

4 жыл бұрын

Interesting fact. Although, as a native German speaker, I kind of know the word Oheim as an archaic word for uncle I never actively use, I did not know that it designated my mother's brother only.

@o.sunsfamily

4 жыл бұрын

Don't forget about Vetter (brother of your father) and Muhme (sister of your mother).

@lenav.5851

4 жыл бұрын

@@o.sunsfamily Isn't 'Vetter' just another word for 'Cousin'?

@o.sunsfamily

4 жыл бұрын

@@lenav.5851 that's how it is used today, but originally it was used as uncle of the father's side

@pohjanvanamo

3 жыл бұрын

In Finnish too, there are different words for uncle from mother's side (eno) and father's side (setä). In everyday use. Aunts are aunts on either side (täti) Second cousins are "little cousins" (pikkuserkku). Cousin (serkku).

I love your channel lol, it makes me so very happy whenever you post videos.

I noticed this with some of the Indian ppl at our university. The word for "brother" sounds quite similar to many European languages, except a cousin is exactly the same. Some feel the need to specify when they're talking English, like they will say "cousin brother" to denote a cousin.

@senaeco

Жыл бұрын

Cousin brother is parallel cousin, cannot marry. one has to treat them like your own sibling ritualistically. We have specific names for this relationship. Suppose a Tamil and a Telugu both are dravidians who do not know each other language. typically would converse in English. In such case they would use the term cousin brother to denote, mothers sisters sons and fathers brothers sons. We typically treat them like out own brothers in daily life as well as in ritualistic ceremonies. This is true with the Pancha Dravidas: Telugus, Tamils, Kannadigas, Malayalees, Marathis, South Gujratis and other dravidian linguistic groups. Marathis and South Gujratis are classified as Indo-European linguistically but they follow Dravidian kinship. In North India who are Indo European linguistically people predominantly follow all cousins from same generations are brothers or sistes. Hope this helps. As always there are exceptions as well.

Scandinavian languages are similar to English, but they differentiate between your father's and your mother's family. In Swedish, your grandmothers are "farmor" and "mormor", or "fathermother" and "mothermother". Your grandfathers are "farfar" and "morfar". Your father's siblings are your faster (fathersister) and farbror (fatherbrother), while your mom's siblings are moster and morbror.

Life is hard enough!! Even talking to cousin gives anxiety... now with this in mind it's 10x harder 💪🙂

🎶 "I'm my own grandpa..." 🎶 Awesome video, I'd never thought of this before.

That was utterly fascinating. Thank you.

I've just realized Rwanda combines the Hawaiian, Iroquois and Sudanese system. 1) Siblings are named according to their gender and age. "Mukuru" is the sibling of the same gender who's your senior and "murumuna" is a sibling of the same gender who's your junior. If you're a girl you call your brother "musaza" irrespective of their age. And if you're a boy you call your sister "mushiki" irrespective of their age. 2) Maternal uncle's and aunts have different names 3) Your mother's sister's children and father's brother's children are your siblings. And your mother's brother's children and your father's sister's children are your cousins

this is super interesting! but i keep remembering conversations i've had with my language teachers about extended family like in-laws and how that adds to your family tree.

In Bulgarian we have two words for cousin, depending on the gender, (bratovched/bratovchedka) but it's considered a bit more formal than the informal words "batko" (male) and "kaka" (female), which while in use for cousins are actually deminitives for the words for brother (brat) and sister (sestra). There are different words for the two aunts (lelya and chinka/strinka) and for the uncles (chicho and svako) and different words for your wife's and husband's parents. There are allegedly also some old words for other family ties that no one uses anymore, of which I only know "bulya" which is your brother/male cousin 's wife and "kalina", which is your husband's sister/female cousin.

PRAISE UNTO LORD NATIVLANG FOR THIS GLORIOUS HARVEST

@ftoiglalt

6 жыл бұрын

la .alEksolas. .idoi nerde zo'u ko tavlyfanmo

@alexolas1246

6 жыл бұрын

KOLE'O NACAĬ AFTA CUSKU BU'U LO JAĬ KAMZVA BE LO CEVNI ĬUCAĬRE'E 😤😤😤😤😤😤

@ftoiglalt

6 жыл бұрын

la .alEksolas. DAAAAAAAAAATTTXXXXXXXXXXOOOOOOOOOOOOO

@alexolas1246

6 жыл бұрын

E'ICU'I TAVLA LO NA SINMA BE LO KURJI BE LE'E MUNJE 😤

@ftoiglalt

6 жыл бұрын

la .alEksolas. lo'ai be le'e munje sa'ai bei le'e munje

In Icelandic there isn't words for anything else than siblings, parents, grandparents and great-grandparents. Everybody's called "relative (f)" and "relative (m)". Really fun conversations when friends try to explain how they are related to that 85 years old great-aunt and call them niece

In Indonesia your grandparents siblings are also your grandparents. Your aunts and uncles are aunts (tante) and uncles (om), but depending on the person and their personal relationship to you, you can call them words for mother and father. For anyone in your generation, age matters, you call them personally with their title: older sibling (kakak, or sometimes abang for males), younger sibling (adek, or for someone younger you can call them just by name), but there's still distinction between your cousins and your siblings, there's just no titles that indicate that distinction.

@user-tr7hv2fp8q

Жыл бұрын

Synonyms of om and tante are paklek and bulek (bapak cilik and ibu cilik, swap the cilik with gede (Javanese Gedhe) then you get older uncle and aunt).

@ycantiusegeorgiantextforhandle

Жыл бұрын

@@user-tr7hv2fp8q I've never heard of paklek/bulek, only pakcik/pace and makcik/mace. They're abbreviations of the same words though.

Wow, thanks for explaining this complicated topic 👍

I like how simple it is in sweden. The sister to your dad is simply called "faster" like fathersister. And the brother to your mother is your "morbror" motherbrother. Their parents are also called "mormor, morfar, farmor and farfar" mothermother, motherfather, fathermother and fatherfather

In Chinese system, the big divide is between dad's side of family and mom's side of family. There is a dad side and mom side "versions" of EVERYTHING. So there is no confusion between paternal grandmother and maternal grandmother. Paternal elder aunt and maternal younger aunt. There is zero duplication in kinship terms so one knows exactly how someone is related to you and on which side of your family. And adding to matrix, the 2nd big divide is between older and younger kins. In English, there is differentiation between aunt and uncle, but cousins are all the same, no such thing as a "cousiness". But in Chinese, a male older cousin who shares your last name (i.e. dad brother's son) is a different word from a female younger cousin (I.e. dad's sister's son) who does not share your last name. Or your dad's older brother vs. your mom's younger brother are different "uncles".

Thank you so much for speaking where I always understand the words you are saying!

Crap now I wish I could be a patron and vote for the next video to be a continuation of this because you've made me interested but I'm broke

That's a very interesting video! Oh, I had lots of surprises learning Korean. The kinship system is highly patriarchal and age-oriented, so naturally it didn't fit with my native language system at all. But the biggest surprise came when I got to know that my kids must call my husband's older brother and his wife "big father" and "big mother", while their kids must call us "little father" and "little mother".

In Swedish we always automatically specify if an aunt or uncle, and a grandparent is maternal or paternal. There is no way of saying the word aunt without knowing if it's your maternal aunt or paternal aunt. Basically you'll be saying moster for mothers sister and faster for fathers sister. Just like morbror for mothers brother and farbror for fathers brother. With grandparents it's mormor and morfar for mothers mother and mothers father, and farmor and farfar for fathers mother och fathers father. Very simple and neat system. Your cousins are still your kusiner though, regardless of maternal or paternal side and regardless of gender (unlike in French).

This is so interesting. I've literally never thought about most of these ideas before.

Have you ever delved into terms of kinship by marriage in Turkish? There's a hell a lot. Almost everything with "in-law" in it in English uses a separate term in Turkish. The wife of your uncle and your brother are "yenge" and the husband of your aunt and your sister are "enişte". Your wife's/husband's brother are called kayınbirader or kayınço, but the sister of your husband is called "görümce" whereas the sister of your wife is baldız. If you are a woman and your brother in-law is married too, his wife is "elti" to you, whereas if you're a man, your wife's sister's husband is called "bacanak". As a Turk, even I don't know if their opposites exist.

Yup I can confirm as a Chinese, with my maternal grandmother's family containing 7 siblings, I, to this day, still can't tell exactly what I should call each "grandparent", "uncle and auntie", and "cousins" in this huge family every time we gather up on Chinese New Year's day. And I'm 26 now.

This is so true. My people use the Hawaiian version. I guess that’s what Pacific Islanders use. A boy would refer to his brother as *_pwipwi_* but his sister is *_mongeiyang_* . On the other hand a girl will call her sister *_pwipwi_* and her brother *_mongeiyang_* . The oldest brother is called *_mwaneichi_* and the oldest sister is *_fineichi_* . All our aunts are our *_mama_* and our uncles are our *_papa_* . Our cousins are our siblings.

It gets more fuzzy in some languages where “older Sister”, “older Brother”, “auntie” and “Uncle” are used as a politeness marker (Thai/Lao, Indonesian/Malay, Tagalog, ...). In fact, many Filipino large families call cousins as siblings “ate” & “kuya” rather than as “pinsan“ (Cousin). And I n Singapore English, any older person can be an Auntie or Uncle. :)

@wattson451

3 жыл бұрын

If you're raised in a Malay family, basically you call your aunts and uncles 'mom/dad + their order of birth' such as Pak Ngah (your uncle who is the second). I never thought these kinship terms were odd until I watched this video.

@cyclpiancitydweller9517

3 жыл бұрын

@@wattson451 True. Nowadays it's not very common anymore. At least, amount Singaporean Malays anymore.

In Spain everyone is your uncle or aunt, "tío" and "tía"

@patricia7018c

3 жыл бұрын

..en serio?.. tu concuñado es tu tío?..

@mariksen

3 жыл бұрын

Wow, really??? Same thing in Russia, "дядя" (uncle) and "тётя" (aunt)!

@alejrandom6592

3 жыл бұрын

@@mariksen wow thats cool!

@zmnicvander

3 жыл бұрын

I thought you used it like in Mexico we use "wey" and more or less like in English "dude", referring to "this person".

@Prix-cp5qc

2 жыл бұрын

Here in Portugal only Parents close friends and Uncles (tios) or Aunts (Tias) should be called that. It’s kind of awkward calling everyone Uncle.

In China this whole family thing is really complicated. People there tend to have a closer relationship with their relatives. I’ve visited my grandma’s sisters, and their children/ grandchildren, which has a really complex term for. There, you visit your grandparents and aunts/uncles more than caucasians. Also, in China, it is rude to refer to people by their name (for older people). For example, I call my cousin that is a girl sister, but I also call older girls that have no blood relationship sister as well to show closeness. Additionally, my mother’s side family each receives a different term from my father’s. Example: mother’s mom: waipo/laolao (depending on region), and father’s mom: nainai To make things more complex, we use numbers (2,3,4...) and sizes (big, small) to call aunts/uncles by their rank in age. Example: Big Aunt, Second Aunt, Third Aunt, Small Aunt Lastly, people that get married into your family (no blood connection) are not called the same as the equivalent but are related. Example: your second aunt’s husband is not called your second uncle, he is called “second aunt’s husband”.

The visuals for this video were amazing. Perfect for getting the point across. Never would’ve been able to understand this. The only thing I know is that japan has different words for older and younger brother and sisters.

This video is so so cool and helpful! Thank you :)

This explains a lot. I had a roommate once from Calcutta and she told me she was an only child, and then later mentioned her brothers and sisters. I was really confused, and she told me that that was what she called her first cousins. I thought maybe this was just a family quirk, but your video explains what was really going on! Different kinship system.

This is interesting. I always thought about the desire to know what path the relationship follows, but didn't consider the simplicity (and sometimes complication) of a system indicating who you are allowed to mate with... as the motivation for deciding what to call someone.

This video was helpful to me in learning High Valyrian. Thanks.

I always refuse to use the "correct" terms for my cousins. I call them a brother/sister if I know them well and they're my friend, and a cousin if not.

I remember this from anthropology class

In Arabic language and culture, aunts and uncles from the mother side have a different name than the aunts and uncles from the father side. Does this family naming have also a term? maybe you can make a video about it! Nice and very interesting Video :)

@sion8

6 жыл бұрын

I feel that system was covered here. Might want to take a second look, maybe?

@mehmeh2255

6 жыл бұрын

I think he may have covered that in the Sudanese system, but he certainly didn't go in depth

@selina2052

6 жыл бұрын

sion8 i think you’re talking about the Sudanese one but that doesn’t quite fit. In Turkish for example (I’m assuming Arabic’s similar) you have different words for uncle and aunt depending on whose side they’re from, as well as whether they’re in-laws, but your cousins are all cousins

@goldenfoxa1810

6 жыл бұрын

S. Apaydin nah cousins are separated by which side of the family the came from in Arabic

@selina2052

6 жыл бұрын

golden foxa oh I didn’t know that! but that still creates a hybrid system, right? Are cousins from the same side but with different aunts/uncles for parents called different things?

I've been trying to create a graphical representation of the kinship system of a fictional alien culture I've been working on, and it turns out that "unique" (aka the terminology I decided to use without researching anything) the Sudanese system, which will save me a lot of work! So thanks!

I'm korean and we mostly follow the Chinese system and a bit of Hawaiian. We have different names for mom's sisters and dad's sisters. And for some reason, all our mother's brothers are called the same way, but a father's older brother and younger brother has a different name. And yes we have four kinds of cousins, depending on which side of your parents they're from and whether they're mom's( or dad's) brother or sister. Plus, a girl's way of calling her older sister is different from a boy calling his older sister, and same goes for an older brother. So there is a word for a girl's older sister, a girl's older brother, a boy's older sister, a boy's older brother, and another term for little brothers and sisters. There is a word for little siblings, which may also be divided into two words meaning 'little brother' and 'little sister'. We also have words that can be translated to brothers and sisters; just your male siblings and female siblings.... though it is not used to adress them directly . So yeah... It's complicated.