#elements #atoms #Molecules&compounds
In this video, you will learn about the basic introduction of atoms, elements, molecules, and compounds. We know the matter is anything that has mass and volume. So everything all around us is matter. There are 118 types of substances listed that cannot be further broken down into simpler substances and they are all listed in a table known as the periodic table as 118 types of different elements. This is a periodic table and all 118 types of elements are a distinct type of matter - are listed in this table and every element has been given a symbol like Ca stands for calcium, Cu stands for copper, Ni stands for nickel, O for oxygen, au stands for gold, Ar stands for argon and so on. And every element has the same type of atoms only for example Copper will have only copper atoms; nickel will have only nickel atoms, oxygen gas will have only atoms of oxygen. So now we know what are elements.
Now let’s learn what are molecules. Now let’s take the example of oxygen. We learned that oxygen has only oxygen atoms. Now here in the case of oxygen, oxygen exists as a molecule having two oxygen atoms bonded together i.e., oxygen has all oxygen atoms but two atoms of oxygen are always bonded together. And this is why the formula of oxygen is O tow which means each molecule of oxygen has two atoms of oxygen in it. And these molecules cannot be broken down further by ordinary chemical means.
Water is matter but it’s not an element as it has two types of atoms. Water has hydrogen as well as oxygen and molecules of oxygen exist as H2O, two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen is there in each molecule of water. So now we know water is not an element then what it is? It is a compound i.e., it consists of atoms of different elements in a fixed ratio. So we can say- water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen. Now let’s have more examples of compounds- carbon dioxide is commonly known as CO2. So is carbon dioxide an element ?
No, it’s not an element because it has two types of atoms. Atoms of carbon and oxygen.
Nitrogen: it’s also an element because the molecule of nitrogen is having the same types of atoms- only nitrogen atom and the formula is N2. Chlorine-chlorine is also an element, not a compound because each molecule of chlorine is having only chlorine atoms and the formula is CL2. Water- H2O, so it’s a compound-each molecule of water is having two types of atoms hydrogen and oxygen. Nitrogen dioxide: it’s a compound because each molecule of nitrogen dioxide has two types of atoms: nitrogen and oxygen and the formula is NO2. Carbon dioxide: it’s also a compound because each molecule of carbon dioxide is having two types of atoms, Carbon, and oxygen.
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