Einstein Papers Project
Ғылым және технология
(Inside Science) -- Albert Einstein. A brilliant mind. A compelling theorist. And a strong advocate for peace. Einstein revolutionized physics and science with his general theory of relativity, his photoelectric effect theory, and writings on the motion of particles suspended in liquid. Now, historians are documenting Albert Einstein’s discoveries about science so future generations can learn from this transformational genius.
It doesn’t take a brainiac to know that E=MC2, which led to the invention of nuclear power plants and the atomic bomb. But it did take the revolutionary thinking of Albert Einstein to come up with the general theory of relativity and the theory of special relativity, without which GPS wouldn't work. To this day, scientists are still using these equations to understand gravity and model our universe.
Einstein’s photoelectric effect theory describes light as composed of discrete quanta -- now known as a photon -- rather than a continuous wave as scientists thought before. This discovery set the stage for the quantum revolution in physics and he was eventually awarded the Nobel Prize in physics in 1921.
Diana Kormos-Buchwald is director and editor of the Einstein Papers Project and professor of history at the California Institute of Technology. So far, her team has assembled 15 volumes of Einstein’s writings and correspondences.
“Over the last few years, we’ve discovered that Einstein worked on super conductivity in the early years, which was very little known. We’ve discovered that he continued patent work and patent consulting up to the 1930s,” said Kormos-Buchwald.
When Einstein died in 1955, his secretary Helen Dukas began to preserve the lessons he left behind. She spent 30 years documenting his writings for history. It’s thought that Dukas had more knowledge about his papers and the interrelationships between Einstein and the people he corresponded with than any other person.
The first volume of the Einstein Papers Project was published in 1987, and it takes researchers three years to publish each volume. The 15 volumes include thousands of Einstein’s writings and discussions with fellow scientists as they developed theories on quantum mechanics. The pages also reveal more about how Einstein lived than most historians know.
“How much more immersed he was in social, political, cultural life. With every volume, you see he wasn’t the isolated genius in the attic,” said Kormos-Buchwald. The collection of the legendary scientist’s writings show how far ahead of his time he really was.
“At the beginning of the 20th century, Einstein creates a new vocabulary for relativity and even for quantum theory, and that vocabulary is the same as today. So, when you read Einstein, you actually read a very fresh and contemporary prose, even though it is 100 years old,” said Kormos-Buchwald. He truly defined physics in his day for us to use in ours.
“The vocabulary for general relativity, for special relativity, for Riemannian tensors, for the affine theory, for space curvature, for singularities, everything that goes around relativity was set 100 years ago,” said Kormos-Buchwald.
The papers show Einstein knew he had to leave Germany because of the Nazi regime, so he did in 1933 and later had a large impact on life in America and Europe. He was a vocal advocate for peace. Researchers say Einstein’s scientific papers are to-the-point and clearly written, but he also had another way with words in his travel diaries.
“He is very funny and colorful in those. He can be very colorful and funny in some of his correspondence,” concluded Kormos-Buchwald.
Princeton University has published the Einstein Papers Project online so anyone can read them in English or in German.
For more information please visit einsteinpapers.press.princeton....
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Пікірлер: 32
Once in a century a guy like Einstein shows up and takes everything to a new level.
He wears a blue sweatshirt. Me too🤣
@02:26 - The fourth person from Left was Dr. Homi J. Bhabha, Father of Indian Nuclear Physics..How lucky was he to have had interacted with Dr. Albert Einstein.🙂
(M)arry (C)hristmas 2 = (E)veryone
@bhagwanmalhotra5909
3 жыл бұрын
hell9 its good that this exist now otherwise Einstein would definitely hung you up
@jctt96554
2 жыл бұрын
Hahaha haha
@laurenthomas9344
2 жыл бұрын
This might be the best explanation I have ever seen. Love it!
❤ him....
GREAT WORK ⚪⚪⚪⚪🔴〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰👍
Videl som ako vesmír sa sužuje z práve strany aj z ľavé strany smerom do výšky hore 🔝kde zdvihl zem smerom do výšky hore 🔝
V2=C2
Brother I find something ...plz help me to publish .
@raghavgautam6480
2 жыл бұрын
What???
Good work
El tio Albert creo el patron fotoelectrico.
If Einstein was the key manager of the UN recently, he will agree what I claim about it is wrong the terminology of One-China-policy that originated from 2758. 2758 only states one-representing-China-inside-the-UN, especially its security council. This is different from the meaning of the terminology of one-China-policy, which, might be short-cut understood, and far away from its origion, 2758.
@newchild5161
Жыл бұрын
huh?
He died the same year I was born
Da dacă nu dădeați acele forțe pe lume. Da de aceia lumea actuală a luato naibi aiurea. O vai încotro ne îndreptăm mă în treb. Cu multă pace.
He like smoking and burning 🔥
アインシュタインの「動く体の電気力学」(特殊相対性理論と呼ばれる論文は、わしの分析では99%間違いである。それは思想の違いではない。数学的に間違いである。ローレンツ変換が間違いである。
If Einstein was truly a smart man and for peace, he would have kept his mouth shut....
@davidc.2878
2 жыл бұрын
Cause not speaking up is how we change the world, right? Ridiculous.
Unfortunately Albert Einstein isn't quite the person they tell you he is. When Albert left University he got a job as a Patents clerk, for 7 years. Not exactly a scientific job ! It was Alberts wife who had the degree in mathematics NOT Albert ! And it was Alberts wife who had the idea of adding the algebraic formulas to the 5 THEORIES they published in 1905. Albert never went back into a laboratory in his life, and never produced a single shred of supportive evidence for the 5 theories he and his wife had dropped on the World. Indeed they even call Albert a THEORETICAL Physicist. In other words, as Nikola Tesla pointed out in the New York Times on July 11th 1935: A person who writes a load of Scientific clap trap, dresses it in mathematics to fool even the Scientists, and then waits for the money fame and glory to pour in !!!!
@debyton
5 жыл бұрын
Except, his ideas were completely correct.
@chalashc8527
4 жыл бұрын
Ya first of all idiot, there r evidences which tells us tat he was a genius, like he was missing a part in his brain, which would control his speaking ability, emotions towards ppl, n visualising or thinking capicity, ya Mileva Maric had helped Einstein in many papers, cause he wanted to become a proffesor, n wanted his ideas to be recognised, tat is he had shown his scientific papers, to some not so famous scientists, but then he thought y shouldn't I show it to the father of Prussian Physiscs itself (Max Planck), n yes, the ideas were ofcourse Einstein's, n he was a more poetric thinker, than mathematical, n yes he, when he started writing his second paper his wife had helped him write, tat is proving the existence of atoms through Brownian motion, so here he was the one who got the idea to prove existence of atoms through Brownian motion, n then asked Mileva to help him, this is because it would lesser his burden (he was very busy wid his work, being a clerk), he didn't have time to prove it though mathematics, n then even the idea of photoelectric effect, n that sometime light behaves like particles, was his idea itself, he was also one of the founders of quantum mechanics, he was the first one to talk abt wave particle duality, thn it was his third paper special theory of relativity/electrodynamics of moving bodies, this time he had thought abt Lorentz transformation, n abt space time, so here he thought, wat would happen if he would set the clock in the train, compare it to the clock, in the clock tower, so here then finally he got the idea of simultaneouty, imagine there is a railway platform, imagine tat there is an observer just standing on the platform, imagine a train passing by, at very High velocity, so here two lighting bolts beyond the railway track crashes, would the lighting bolts be simultaneous?, Yes, but from the observer's frame of reference, (n let there be a person in tat moving train), so here the person who is in the moving train, the lighting bolts will not be simultaneous, tat is the first lighting bolt would crash first n the second would take a bit more time(here time would have been dilated, from the perspective of the person who is in the train), so two ppl r experiencing the same events differently, this is because time is not absolute, but relative, n this theory even proved tat speed of light is same from anyone's frame of reference, so this would also talk abt complicated things like length contraction, which would result in modern thinking of how electricity and magnetism work, n then, here his friend Michelle Besso, helped him to prove this theory through mathematics, his wife couldn't help him, because their son Hans was still a baby, though he took help in mathematics, ideas were all his, n getting the ideas is always the main n most important feature, so here after, it was his fourth paper which, which is one of the most famous n the best equation in Physics, which would prove tat mass is the direct measure of energy contained in a body, or "E=mc^2", so, thn after 19 years, would be a revolutionary movement in Science itself, the new n redefinition of gravity itself, GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY, which would talk abt many things, tat gravity is just the consequence of mass curving the fabric of space time, (anyhow I am not going deep into it), so here u might say tat David Hilbert was the one who helped him in mathematics, but this is not at all true, cause if u see Hilbert he has always tried to Einstein down, cause he was jealous tat Einstein had solved n formulated field equation, which Hilbert wanted to do, so here once Einstein had visited Hilbert in his office, n saw tat he was already formulating equations for relativity, so Einstein was happy at tat time thinking tat Hilbert would assist him, but the truth was tat, greedy Hilbert wanted to formulate field equations for general relativity on his ownz n wanted no one to help him(he was overconfident), so Einstein had to develop the Theory on his own, so here he used a kind of calculus which would talk abt vectors, n disfigurations of objects, n this would provide mathematical fram work, in problems like elasticity of dimensions itself, 3 spacial dimensions n 1 dimension of time, in the form of fields, so here Einstein was the only one, got involved with it soo much, tat he used to imagine these kinds of mathematical frame works in his mind, thn obsiviously Hilbert had finished formulating field equations,(cause he was a trained mathematician), so Einstein was ofcourse upset, but then soon Einstein realised that Hilbert had done a mistake, abt Mercury's orbit around the sun (their behaviour), n somethings about gravitational lensing, so, Einstein again formualed field equations (this time in right manner), so then Einstein was the one who completely discovered GR, his biggest accomplishments, even in the history of science, ig no one could discover such things, if it would have been Nikola Tesla, he would have formulate field equations related to electricity 💯😅,. N I don't think Tesla could have discovered such a complex thing, n one more thing, plz analyse before u comment smthg, Don't comment before truely analysing the the topic
@davidc.2878
2 жыл бұрын
Newton was a "theoretical physicist" too. Your "criticism" is like saying "brain surgeon"??? if he were a real surgeon, he wouldn't operate only on brains!!" And where someone works while they do their math has nothing to do with the quality of that math. Few geniuses take the conventional academic route since it tends to lead to conventional ways of thinking. (Your hero Tesla certainly didn't take the conventional path of an engineer and, in terms of industrial dominance, was certainly bettered by Edison--again if you want to judge by conventional standards.) And Einstein's "lab" was literally the universe and when the instrumentation was developed decades later that was advanced enough to test his theories--many of them (especially those included in his theories of relativity) were proven true.
@PygmalionFaciebat
2 жыл бұрын
The Duke 71000 71000: Theoretical physics means: that you understand the laws of the universe. An inventor like Tesla, uses those laws to invent technical stuff, on the base of theoretical physics, discovered by Faraday, Maxwell, Ohm, Ampere and others. Tesla builds stuff. Tesla wouldnt be able to invent those stuff, when theoretical physics wouldnt be there and lay down the ground on which condition technical stuff can work. Thats the reason Tesla wasnt able to invent something which contradicts the laws of physics. From theoretical physics you make stuff. Not the other way around. Also you are not right that Alberts wife had the ''idea of adding algebraic formulas to the 5 theories'' .. Also Albert was no nobody in math. Actually his grades were superb in math. As far i know only in general relativity he got a bit help from his friend Besso, because it was 1935, and it was a bit far away in time - and he want to make sure his calculations about differential equations are right. There is nothing wrong about that. It doesnt mean: he cant do math. Quiet the opposite: he learned even at old age math, and wasnt full of himself, like few inventors who thought they can talk with marsians. Actually you also confuse theory with hypothesis. A theory in the world of physics only gots the label 'theory' if experiments cant disprove it, and every experiment they do on the 'theory' proves the theory right. Thats when physics calls it theory. Laymans nowadays think about the word 'theory' as ''speculation''. But in physics, you have to prove a lot, to get the label 'theory'. In fact, like i said: only if every experiment they do proves it, and there is no experiment which disproves it, you earn the ''theory''-label. There are very high stacks on that.
@AvinashKumar-xd9fs
Жыл бұрын
He is quite or much more the person they are telling you. There is huge attempt form wokes to reduce credit of his work by pushing name of his wife without any eveidence except some communication through letters. She was his wife and was qualified so of course he communicated what he does, like all the people. His wife was an average graduate, she never came up with anything before or after they seperated, whereas Einstien kept solving equations until his last breath.