The territory of Lankaran region covers the eastern shores of the Caspian Sea and the whole Lankaran lowland in the part up to the Talysh mountains. There are many comfortable sandy beaches on the shores of the Caspian Sea. Humid subtropical climate, harsh winters, dry and hot summer days, rainy autumn season have conditioned the rich flora and fauna of this region. Lankaranchay, Verapvul, Gumbashi, Boladi rivers flow in spring and autumn mainly due to rainwater, and in summer they calm down and become significantly shallower. Therefore, Khanbulanchay reservoir was established in this area for irrigation of agricultural crops.
Hirkan reserve with an area of ​​21,435 hectares is also located in this region. In 2004, the reserve was transformed into the Hirkan National Park. The national park occupies part of the territory of Astara and Lankaran districts. The Small Kyzylagach Reserve (10.7 thousand hectares) was established in 1978 to protect and restore endangered birds wintering in the Small Kyzylagach Bay, living in migratory water, swamps and surrounding areas, as well as rare and endangered species. This reserve is directly adjacent to the Kyzylagach reserve.
The administrative center of Lankaran region is Lankaran city. The population is 193,700 and the distance from Baku is 268 km. The original name of the city was "Langarkunan". The word means anchored stop, ie port.
The surviving historical architectural monuments in Lankaran are the Khan's House, the Small Fortress Mosque, the Guldesta Minaret and the ancient Haji Mirza bath, which attract attention with their original facade patterns. If you visit the history museum in the city, you can get acquainted with the history of this land. The museum's own building is also very interesting from an architectural point of view. There are many decorative and applied arts workshops in the city. Those who work there are engaged in the art of carving on wood, stone and metal. Some of the architectural and historical monuments around Lankaran have survived to the present day: the Abirler Tower in Yukhari Nuvedi village, the Sheikh Zahid Tower in Shikhakaran village, and the ruins of the ancient Balabur fortress to the west of Lankaran. A very interesting mixture of building materials was used in the construction of this fortress - baked red brick and river stone. Popularly known as the Gray Fortress, the ceramic water pipes are still intact.