Do Negative Life Experiences Cause Avoidant, Dependent & Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders?
This video answers the question: How do negative life experiences contribute to the development of Cluster C personality disorders. When we talk about Cluster C personality disorders, we're talking about three specific personality disorders listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) and the manual divides up personality disorders into three clusters Clusters A, B, and C. Cluster C contains avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders. Now there are a number of theories about what could cause these personality disorders and it's important when we talk about causation though, to start with this idea of causation versus association. A lot of times with mental disorders, including personality disorders, what we're really talking about is some sort of association that's been identified between some sort of construct like a genetic or environmental construct and the development of a disorder. Association and correlation are different than causation. Now when we talk about Cluster C personality disorders and personalities in general, we know that genetics appear to play a part but we don't know the exact contribution. A lot of times for a number of personality disorders, it's speculated that the contribution of genetics is around 50% - 60%, but really we're not sure. In looking at negative life experiences, I'm looking more at the environmental as opposed to genetic. In terms of environmental causes, there are a number of theories that have been proposed over the years. Attachment theorists focus on early relationship quality. Psychodynamic theorists focus on profound dysfunction and conflicts, again in early life. Cognitive theorists focus on maladaptive schemas, which are distorted views about how people see themselves others in the world. All three of these schools of thought though share this one part in common: whatever happened that leads to personality disorders (specifically Cluster C personality disorders) tends to occur early and we conceptualize the negative life experience almost all the time we're talking about childhood experiences. Sometimes the term negative life experience is used interchangeably with negative life event and I don't really see a problem with this normally. If we want to get specific though in terms of what potential difference there is between those two terms, it's that an experience is what somebody perceives an event is what actually happens. It's interpretation versus an actual event. When we are talking about cognitive theory, that's really all about perception and interpretation. What actually happens is secondary to what people perceive is happening when we think about the causality or contribution to development of mental disorders.
For avoidant personality disorder, the negative life experiences that were identified would be physical and sexual abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, bullying, low expression of parental affection, and a lack of nurturing. Dependent personality disorder is associated with physical and sexual abuse, a controlling family environment, and a rule-based family environment. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is only weakly associated with negative life events.
Birgenheir, D. G., & Pepper, C. M. (2011). Negative Life Experiences and the Development of Cluster C Personality Disorders: A Cognitive Perspective. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 40(3), 190-205. doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1...
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I find it quite interesting that the same exact abuse, or negative life experience, can result in very different personality disorders, most likely due to their perception of the negative experience. In a child who experiences too many negative life experiences, the outcome can manifest in so many different ways that can span all 3 of the clusters. I find this absolutely fascinating! I've learned much from you Dr. Grande, thank you for lending your knowledge and experience!
I have a sad awareness that generally exploiting emotional pain has become a cottage industry. Funerals and family deaths are often thought of by narcissists as a time of financial exploitation by the commercial industries. This was once a real social taboo and it should have stayed that way. Bullying grieving people and families should stay beyond the norm.
I've turned Autism and mental health issues into my latest special interest, obsessively so, my need to understand is primal. All I really have to differentiate between them in my very early childhood, is I never crawled and walked on my tiptoes BEFORE my father died when I was 2yo. Being the youngest of five I was treated like " The Fifth Child" and my family took great delight in telling me so, how life was so wonderful before the changeling, I see my issues with cluster C as being the perfect storm of nature and nurture.
I find myself addicted to your videos! You are further helping me understand my ex-husband and why I stayed much longer than I should have. I'm learning more about myself as I learn about his disorder. Thanks for being so informative and making these great videos. Now, how do I become unaddicted??? LOL
Love your work Dr Todd Grande! I had avoidant personality disorder. Iam now Cured from therapy and live a great life. Thank you so much for your research! So helpful. ✨
@DrGrande
5 жыл бұрын
You are most welcome!
@coalitionCIL242
5 жыл бұрын
Lina Vera Sjöberg what therapy worked for you if you don’t mind me asking?
@coalitionCIL242
5 жыл бұрын
Dr. Todd Grande do you know what therapy is most useful for APD?
I am still very curious about avpd vs avoidant attachement style. I have no insurance or health care provider, but I am pretty confident based on dsm criteria that I have avpd. I started looking into avoidant attachment because there's just so much more coverage on the topic though, and I find most of what is said to be very relate-able.
Omg. I definitely am avoidant and dependant. Makes a lot of sense
I have obsessive compulsive personality disorder and avoidant personality disorder. :( I don’t know what to do
I love your videos. You're doing a great thing.
i started chewing the inside of my cheeks out just watching this. i think i have apd and some traits of ocd. i need help but im too scared to ask out of fear people i wont be understood. i love your videos they provide so much insight, thank you
When you say EARLY childhood experiences or events how early are we talking here? Like, before being able to have memories or after when as an adult you're able to look back to an early age, say around 4 and recall being that age and doing something or being somewhere?
Comment 48: 10,979 views, 491 likes, 2 dislikes. Just a waymark, for myself personally. I’m amazed at how Dr. Grandes older videos with fewer views and comments actually speak more than some of the current ones, they lay the foundations. For example ay 3:16 he speaks of events being different from experience (ie an event is what actually happens: an experience is what someone perceives). Many of us build castles in the air, that is where they shoul$ be; whoever heard of a castle underground. 😂. The problem is how to get your foundation under your castle in the air, so that it can stand upon the earth.....this is the difference between experience - castle in the air, event being standing on the earth. Avoidant is somehow being fearful of fantasm...
Great information. ❤️
Wonderful video.
Is it possible to have social anxiety and avoidant personality disorder? I feel like I have both.
@DrGrande
5 жыл бұрын
It is technically possible to have both.
@christinemccoy4471
4 жыл бұрын
@@DrGrande thank you for answering that question. Applies to me also
Thank u for making this video. I find it very helpful... keep making videos 👍🏻
@DrGrande
5 жыл бұрын
You’re welcome! Thank you for the encouragement!
Dig the new intro👌
@DrGrande
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much!
Thank you, good doctor. You taught me something about myself
Life saver.
Is it possible to have Apd or Dpd or both without significant negative experiences or traumas?
@DrGrande
5 жыл бұрын
Yes, it is possible. The link between trauma and personality disorders does not explain all of the etiology.
@Future_Pheonix
5 жыл бұрын
@@DrGrande Thank you for answering. If I may ask, what other causes are possible?
Hi doc, is it safe to leave a minor child with the person having type C personality disorder?
Could OCD seem to be a type of anxiety/tic disorder ?
I feel like avoidant and obsessive compulsive PD is my issue. Im a mess
Av low extro high neurot. Av low greg low assertiv low excitement seeking. High anxiety self consciousness. Schizoid low extraversion low neuroticism - coldness dispassionate apathy, detached. Schizoid is passively detached. Avoidant actively detached. Different themes. Comorbidity.
I’m so fk up