DNA and Tautomeric Shifts
Why does adenine sometimes pair with cytosine? HOW could that happen? Well, sometimes nucleobases (bases) misbehave, which leads to a lot of confusion for students (and often a mutation in the complementary strand!) It's called tautomerization, and I'll break it all down PenguinProf style!
#biology #DNA #mutation #tautomerization
This video covers:
What are constitutional (structural) isomers? Examples, analogy.
What are tautomers? Examples, analogy.
What is a tautomeric shift?
What happens when nucleobases (bases) undergo a tautomeric shift?
What are the typical and atypical base pairings? With structures.
Next, I'll use a small strand of DNA and watch it go through 2 replications, transcription and translation after a tautomeric shift.
So is a tautomeric shift in and of itself a mutation? Why or why not?
Summary.
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Пікірлер: 137
How does this video not have thousands of views within ten days
@Penguinprof
4 жыл бұрын
I think that if I had more time to make content on a regular schedule and if I had time to be more active on social media, I would get more views... but I just don't. I make videos because I enjoy helping people and the feedback I get is more than enough. So thank YOU for watching!!!
I wish my Prof explained this as clearly and concisely as you did. This isn’t a deep hard-to-comprehend sort of concept if it is taught the right way. Thank you for this 🙏🏻💝
@Penguinprof
4 ай бұрын
Glad it was helpful! Thanks so much for the kind words!!
Can't emphasize enough how awesome the explanation was! Thank you! 😊
@Penguinprof
11 ай бұрын
Thank you so much! I'm so glad it was helpful.
I have a biology midterm tomorrow and I'm so glad I found your channel. Could never thank you enough for doing this. Thank you, thank you, thank you!!
@Penguinprof
Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much! Good luck!!
This is SUCH a great explanation and so clear. Much appreciated, thanks!
@Penguinprof
8 ай бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
Thanks a lot. Now I’m super clear about this concept. Your videos help me a-lot understanding concepts like this.
@Penguinprof
4 жыл бұрын
I'm so glad to hear that! Thanks for watching!
You are amazing Prof. I wish my prof. have the same attitude and talented like you are! God bless you.
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Wow, thank you!! Thanks for watching!
AMAZING explanation!
Thank you so much for this wonderful video, it was very well-written and informative. I loved your enthusiasm 🎉
Inspiring as always, thanks for this video.
@Penguinprof
4 жыл бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it! Thanks for your support!
Perfectly explained, thankyou ❤
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
So glad it was helpful!
Oh My God, it now makes so much sense, 2 hrs of lectures and in 7 minutes u did the impossible Thank u so much
@Penguinprof
11 ай бұрын
Wow, thanks so much! I'm glad it was helpful.
Thank you so much! It helped me a lot
never understood this until you explained it thank you so much you for making learning fun.
Now this is totally clear!!
super clean! thanks a lot :))
the infos are put so easy j, amazing videos😁😁 thank you A LOT!!!
@Penguinprof
Жыл бұрын
You're very welcome!
nicely explained thanks!
Excellent I can not how to thank you for beautiful and simple illustration
@Penguinprof
Жыл бұрын
You are welcome 😊
I found this video and its amazing , beautiful explanation. 1 more subscriber added.
Best explanation ever 💙💚💛❤️
This makes so much sense now. Thank you!
@Penguinprof
Жыл бұрын
Woo hoo!!!
This was really helpful. Thank you ❤❤
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful! Thanks for watching!
That's the one which I was finding for half an hour nd now I understood.. thanks a lot ❤️
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
So glad to hear it!
This was perfectly explained
Very exciting and helpful
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful! Thanks for watching!
I loved your explaining♥️
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for watching!
I'm an MSc student from Egypt. and I wanna say thank you so much❤ that was really helpful.
@Penguinprof
Жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
This is a masterpiece...you just boon my mind...👍
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you SO much!!!
Good stuff thanks
This is thé Best explanation ever, thank you so much ❤
@Penguinprof
2 жыл бұрын
You're very welcome!
Thank you for your video! I understand this so much better now :D
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
I'm so glad! Thanks for watching!
Thank you, this is super helpful.
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
I'm so glad! Thanks for watching!
Brilliantly put. Something that totally confused me now only slightly confuses me: Another couple of viewings and I'll finally get it!
@Penguinprof
2 жыл бұрын
So happy to hear it! It's not easy, that's for sure.
Amazing!! Thank you so much
@Penguinprof
4 жыл бұрын
You're so welcome! Thank you for watching!
Wonderful explanation
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
Amazing video! Thanks
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
You are most welcome - glad you found it helpful!
You are amazing ..... Thank you for this licture
@Penguinprof
10 ай бұрын
Thanks for watching! So glad it was helpful.
thank you so much! really helpful
@Penguinprof
2 жыл бұрын
You are most welcome!
thank you for this video!
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
You're so welcome!
Very helpful. Thank you
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
Thank u Thank u so much . It was very helpful.
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Most welcome!
al fin entendí , gracias porque no tiene mas vistas , es un video grandioso
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
¡Gracias por hacérmelo saber!
Thanks! It was a great help
@Penguinprof
12 күн бұрын
Glad it helped!
Best explanation
@Penguinprof
2 ай бұрын
Thank you SO much!!!
thank you maam
Love your class so much! Maybe instead of the Let-go brick toy another nice analogy would be a transformer? It does change from a car to a robot on its own, and it keeps doing it, so... not stable!
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Cool idea! Thank you - and thanks for watching!
Thank you so much 💙💙💙
@Penguinprof
2 жыл бұрын
You're welcome 😊
And also on partial reversion mutation
Thanks mam this topic is crystal clear. From your new subscriber.
@Penguinprof
Жыл бұрын
Thanks so much!
thank you!! Great explanantion!! Lehninger mentioned tautomerization but didn't explain it.
@Penguinprof
2 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
Thanks a lot, this is amazing explanation, then the text in book hard to catch,
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
Wow, thank you, I understood it like butter 😎
@Penguinprof
2 жыл бұрын
Woo hoo!!!
It cleared my dout, thanks
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Most welcome 😊
Thank you❤
@Penguinprof
2 жыл бұрын
You're welcome 😊
So good
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much!
Amazing vid. Just wanted to clarify the terminology used when saying: X to X change? What does that mean
that's the best explanation i've ever found. thanks a lot. ...but how often this occurs n are there any factors which influence their rate of occurance ?
@josephvu7775
Жыл бұрын
Look into quantum tunneling. Just read that this happens hundreds of thousands of times at any given moment based on a recent study in Communications Physics
Thanks penguin🥰
@Penguinprof
2 ай бұрын
You are so welcome!!!
Thank you so much well would you like to made video on intergenic suppressor mutation
@Penguinprof
4 жыл бұрын
You are welcome. I make videos geared for general biology and human anatomy / physiology students... even this topic was beyond what my typical audience wants to see. Sorry!
I was just wondering how Tautomeric shift can actually have an effect on final product as base will inevitably return to its original state But i wasn't able to think about the possibility of new base in daughter strand. Thank you for making it so easy
@Penguinprof
8 ай бұрын
Woo hoo! So glad it was helpful!
It is amazing
@Penguinprof
5 ай бұрын
Thanks for watching!!! Glad it was helpful.
Too good 🤩
@Penguinprof
Ай бұрын
Thank you!!!
U are really awesome, I loved it ❤ ♥ 💖
@Penguinprof
2 жыл бұрын
I'm so happy to hear that.
Subscribed✌
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you!!!
🙂 thanks you helped saved my grade
@Penguinprof
Жыл бұрын
So happy to hear that!
Question: in 6:26 you have A-C highlighted which is where u had the tautimeric shift on the A turn back to Amino A structure, but then in the next slide you have that it’s G-C. where did that come from? Did I miss something? Why did the A become a G?
Hello thank you for your amazing video can you tell me the reason why would a mutation occur even if all repair mechanisms are functioning well
@Penguinprof
Жыл бұрын
Things just happen. I'm not being snarky, that's the real answer. Nothing is perfect.
What if tautomeric adenine stays for longer time? or it doesn't reverts back?
Hello I have one doubt Can instead of a purine base( Adenine and guanine) a pyrimidine base( thymine and cytosine) undergo tautomeric shift in the starting?
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
Yes, they can. A shift in T will cause it to bind with G and a shift in C will cause it to bind with A.
@futureteacher7986
3 жыл бұрын
@@Penguinprof thanks a lot
I have questions: 1. Can regular complementary base binding still occur with tautomeric bases ?(i.e. Will a regular T-base bind to A* base?) and 2. Can the A* revert back to a standard A base EDIT: re-wording
@Penguinprof
3 жыл бұрын
1. No it won't. 2. Yes, it will revert back almost instantly.
saving my failing genetics. thanks.
@Penguinprof
2 жыл бұрын
You are so welcome!
cant believe it could be so easy, i feel like I was kept in dark for years
@Penguinprof
8 ай бұрын
Ummm... that's a creative takeaway for sure!!!
@Penguinprof
Жыл бұрын
Love that!!!
ALLAH RAZI OLSUN ABLAM.
@Penguinprof
8 ай бұрын
Çok teşekkür ederim!
New
@Penguinprof
4 жыл бұрын
Woo hoo!! 🐧