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Classification of Antibodies | Allotype Isotype and Idiotype🧪
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▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Contents of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
00:00:00 Strat
00:00:10 Types Of Antibodies
00:01:05 Definition of Allotype
00:04:30 Definition of Isotype
00:06:50 Definition of Idiotype
Antibody, also called immunoglobulin, a protective protein produced by the immune system in response to the presence of a foreign substance, called an antigen. Antibodies recognize and latch onto antigens in order to remove them from the body. A wide range of substances are regarded by the body as antigens, including disease-causing organisms and toxic materials such as insect venom.
The key difference between isotype allotype and idiotype is based on the different antigenic determinants. While isotypes antigenic determinants characterize heavy chains based on classes and subclasses and light chains based on types and subtypes, allotype antigenic determinants relate to the allelic form of the immunoglobulin genes and idiotype is an immunoglobulin antigenic determinant present in the variable region of the antibodies.
Isotype, allotype, and idiotype are antigenic determinants that are present at different regions of an antibody. Both isotypes and allotypes are present in the constant region of the heavy chain and light chain, but idiotypes are present in the variable region of the heavy chain and light chain. All three types of antigenic determinants play an important role in the immunity system. Isotypes and idiotypes are important in detecting B cell tumours and treatment of B cell tumours, respectively. Allotypes play a major role in paternity testing and forensic sciences. Thus, this is the summary of the difference between isotype allotype and idiotype.
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