After students complete this chapter and the related course work, they will understand the significance and characteristics of respiratory emergencies in infant, child, and adult populations. Students should be able to demonstrate a fundamental comprehension of the following topics: respiratory anatomy and physiology, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms of various respiratory etiologies (eg, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia), and the assessment and management necessary to provide basic and advanced care in the prehospital setting.