In this keynote presentation, we explore the challenges of simulating Axial Flux Machines (AFM) in high-speed traction drive applications using JMAG. The discussion will focus on the computational hurdles and resource-intensive nature of 3D simulations, in contrast to multi-layer 2D approaches. Special attention is given to the intricacies of calculating winding losses in 3D models. This presentation aims to offer valuable insights into the complexities of AFM simulations and to provide guidance for engineers navigating these challenges.