Special thanks to Im Walde for sharing the audio recording.
ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY, Philippine Independence from Spain was proclaimed between four and five in the afternoon in Cavite at the ancestral home of Geberal Emilio Aguinaldo some 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Manila. The event saw the unfurling of the Flag of the Philippines, made in Hong Kong by Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herboza, and the performance of the Marcha Filipina Magdalo, as the national anthem, now known as Lupang Hinirang, which was composed by Julián Felipe and played by the San Francisco de Malabon marching band.
The Act of the Declaration of Independence was prepared, written, and read by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista in Spanish. The proclamation of Philippine independence was then promulgated on 1 August, when many towns had already been organized under the rules laid down by the Dictatorial Government of General Aguinaldo.190 municipal presidents of different towns from 16 provinces-Manila, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Bulacan, Bataan, Infanta, Morong, Tayabas, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Mindoro, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, La Union and Zambales-ratified the Proclamation of Independence in Bacoor, Cavite.
Later at Malolos, Bulacan, the Malolos Congress modified the declaration upon the insistence of Apolinario Mabini who objected to that the original proclamation essentially placed the Philippines under the protection of the United States.
The declaration was never recognized by either the United States or Spain. Later in 1898, Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States in the 1898 Treaty of Paris that ended the Spanish-American War.
The Philippine Revolutionary Government did not recognise the treaty or American sovereignty, and subsequently fought and lost a conflict with the United States originally referred to by the Americans as the "Philippine Insurrection" but now generally and officially called the Philippine-American War, which ended when Emilio Aguinaldo was captured by U.S. forces, and issued a statement acknowledging and accepting the sovereignty of the United States over the Philippines. This was then followed on July 2, 1902, by U.S. Secretary of War Elihu Root telegraphing that the insurrection the United States had come to an end and that provincial civil governments had been established everywhere except those areas inhabited by Moro tribes. Pockets of resistance continued for several years.
Following the end of World War II, the United States granted independence to the Philippines on 4 July 1946 via the Treaty of Manila. July 4 was observed in the Philippines as Independence Day until August 4, 1964, when, upon the advice of historians and the urging of nationalists, President Diosdado Macapagal signed into law Republic Act No. 4166 designating June 12 as the country's Independence Day.
(en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phili...)
The Centennial March is a march composed by Filipino composer Lucio San Pedro. It was commissioned by the Cultural Center of the Philippines for the 1998 Centennial Celebrations of Philippine Independence.
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SOURCES
Audio: "Centennial March" from "Jubilate - The Marches of Lucio San Pedro" (CD) [provided by Im Walde]
Images:
“Flag of the Philippines”. Retrieved from commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/...
“Philippine Centennial Celebrations Logo”. Retrieved from park.org/Philippines/centenni...
Video Footage:
"PHILIPPINES: PREPARATIONS BEGIN TO CELEBRATE 100 YEARS OF FREEDOM". Uploaded by AP Archive. Retrieved from • PHILIPPINES: PREPARATI...
"PHILIPPINES: CENTENNIAL ANNIBERSARY FLAG DAY PARADE". Uploaded by AP Archive. Retrieved from • PHILIPPINES: CENTENNIA...
"Xiao Archives: Philippine Centennial Celebrations in Kawit, Cavite, June 12, 1998". [ video uploaded by Prof. Xiao Chua in KZread]. Retrieved from [ORIGINAL VIDEO NOW SET IN PRIVATE]
"Doy Centennial Invitation: Centennial of the Philippine Independence 1898-1998". Video uploaded in KZread by Salvador H. Laurel. Retrieved from • Doy Centennial Invitat...
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