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The most common pathogens of cellulitis in general are Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus.
It may be reasonable to cover MRSA in patients with suppurative cellulitis if the prevalence of MRSA is high in the community.
In cases of Dog and cat bites, consider Pasteurella multocida.
Consider Eikenella corrodens if infection is caused by human bites.
Vibrio vulnificus should be suspected in cirrhotic patients with salt water exposure.
In cases of Fresh or brackish water exposure, or intravenous drug abusers, consider Aeromonas hydrophila.
Also consider MRSA in IV drug abusers.
Consider Pseudomonas aeruginosae in patients with a history of neutropenia, hot tub exposure, puncture of foot through sneaker or shoe, or intravenous drug abusers.
Also consider MRSA in IV drug abusers.
In children with cellulitis of head & neck, consider Haemophilus influenzae.
Group B streptococcus should be considered in newborns with cellulitis.
Consider Salmonella species if there is a history of contact with reptiles, such as iguanas or lizards.
If the patient is a Butcher or fisherman, consider Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.
In cases of Rat bites, consider Streptobacillus moniliformis.