Casting a lens blank - an example of good pouring basin design. Part 1, Making the mould

Ғылым және технология

In pouring castings turbulence is our great enemy. It increases gas and oxide content and thus lowers mechanical properties. It increases inclusions thus reducing machinability. It roughens surface finish. And by chaotic stream division it causes misruns.
The pouring basin used here is designed ;-
to give the pourer a decent target to aim at
to reduce metal velocity at the sprue base
to do so with the minimum metal turbulence
The basin should be close to one side of the mould and needs to be poured from that side with the crucible lip as close to the top of the basin as possible. The pour needs to be steady and must always keep the basin full.
This design was much used around 1900 however the need to use properly sized and tapered sprues was unknown until around 1950. As a result the good effects of this basin design were largely destroyed by placing it atop a large parallel sprue that was often also unnecessarily high. In an exercise reminiscent of throwing out the baby and keeping the bathwater the use of the basin was abandoned but that of the large parallel sprue continued and sadly, in many cases it is still in use.
John Campbell revived the use of this basin design and it features in many of his books. The basin that is used here is our interpretation of his designs. The sprue that is used here has a bottom diameter of 8 mm and a taper of 1.3 degrees per side.
We have available two STL files of this basin they are male and female so they give a good idea of what the basin should look like. If you would like a copy of these files please PM me with an email address that I can send them to.

Пікірлер: 37

  • @raschellesherwood6347
    @raschellesherwood63476 жыл бұрын

    fist off mate must say love all your videos.. every time i have a problem as a new hobbiest i refer to your videos for help. and always proves invaluable thank you. great work.

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Raschelle, I am glad that you like the videos. If I have managed to solve a problem or two for you I am very happy.. Martin

  • @vogman
    @vogman6 жыл бұрын

    Brilliant. Thanks for sharing these varied techniques and explaining the terminology. Keep it up!!!

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Veg, Thank you for the comment. Trying to keep it up but at my age - well you know - its not as easy as it used to be :)... Martin

  • @thomasreed325
    @thomasreed3256 жыл бұрын

    Good to see you back, another quality video. Thanks again.

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Thomas, Nice to be back, Actually I never went away I was always here lurking in the background. I would love to be able to do more videos, I have so many ideas for ones that I would like to do but time is the enemy and they take so long to edit properly. There are a couple more close to being done up in a week or two... Martin

  • @MaturePatriot
    @MaturePatriot6 жыл бұрын

    It is nice to watch a craftsman at his trade!

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Patriot, Thank you for the compliment... Martin

  • @lawr46
    @lawr466 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the lesson!

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Law, No problems mate, my pleasure... Martin

  • @donniebrown2896
    @donniebrown28966 жыл бұрын

    Just subscribed, good to see someone that has done this with experience. Paul sent me here and am glad. I worked in a foundry in my younger years and am gonna start as a hobby what your doing now. It pains me greatly to see people with no experience doing this without doing proper research. Gonna check out the rest of your vids and will push the hobbiest your way. Good job!!

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Donnie, Thank you for the subscription. Paul and Swdweeb who are by their own definition early in their foundry experiences are people prepared to learn and not to be blindsided by bad info. I share you pain! In fact it was seeing some of the bad info out there on YT that got me doing videos. I am, rather conceitedly perhaps, trying to counteract the bad stuff. I am a qualified metallurgist and have worked in a number of foundries. I started making castings myself more than 60 years ago although I only got serious around 1970. I have in addition tried to keep up with modern thinking - principally that of John Campbell who, a little tongue in cheek, describes the more, ahem, "traditional" foundry techniques as 6000 year old technology. In part at least he is correct and sadly much of the literature available follows the old methods. This does make it hard for people to do good research and come up with good methods to use, it is just so easy to get mislead by well meaning but often just plain wrong books.... Martin

  • @OldIronShops
    @OldIronShops6 жыл бұрын

    always learning something just watching you work. looks like i have a gig making a pattern for a couple lathe compound slides should be a interesting project

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Old iron, Passing on what I have learnt over the years is what I am on about, If I have managed to do that its good. Compound slides, in iron I assume. Iron is said to be "Gods gift to the foundry man" as if you get the composition right there is no shrinkage. All you have to do is put up with the greater heat and short crucible life -:)... Martin

  • @swdweeb
    @swdweeb6 жыл бұрын

    Great videos. I did feel a bit of deja-vu for a moment there ;-)

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Perry, Deja- vu, Hmm, I wonder why? Great minds think alike perhaps -:). I wish I could get them out after shooting as quickly as you do - I shot this over a month ago... Gee, though doesn't this basin work well?... Martin

  • @johnmccanntruth
    @johnmccanntruth6 жыл бұрын

    Wow that was complex!

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    John, Well, I guess it was a little more complex than a very simple job but I have done tougher. Thank you for your comment.. Martin

  • @khawk7365
    @khawk73656 жыл бұрын

    Love this video. Did you cast your own flask boxes "cope and drag"? If so could you make a video of that?

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    K, Yes I did cast the flasks. These particular ones were cast very slowly in sand one side at a time over some months when I was younger and sillier. I have 10 and a half of these flasks so that makes 84 sides. They were machined with the help of a friend on his horizontal mill, and then drilled tapped and bolted together. At the time it seemed to take forever but it was well worth it as I have made thousands of casting in those little flasks. Other flasks I have cast in gravity dies - did 160 sides in a day! Time permitting I have plans to do a video on my journey through moulding flasks and to finish it with my recommendations for flasks suited to the occasional caster as well as the more productive one... Martin

  • @seafurymike
    @seafurymike6 жыл бұрын

    Great explication of the process Martin on this video. Q. Was the part your casting not flat on the bottom? I didn’t quite see/understand why you made the parts parting line below the sand level when you were setting up the oddside

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Mike, No, the part was not flat. If you look at about 3 minutes in part 2 you can see the cast and fettled parts shown in various orientations. Some are shown with the disc sanded face uppermost. This is the face that the feeder was attached to and it is the main face of the parting line. Others are shown with this face down and you can see that along both long sides there is an undercut that necessitated either the cutting down of each mould to get rid of this undercut for each mould or the making of a quick oddside to set the parting line up correctly. As I had ten moulds to make it was quicker to cut one down and make an oddside off it, then use the oddside for the remaining 9 than it would have been to cut all 10 down. Also dropping the pattern out onto an oddside is an easy way of getting it out (assuming its heavy enough to drop out of course -:) )...Martin

  • @seafurymike

    @seafurymike

    6 жыл бұрын

    Olfoundryman got it. Thanks for the explanation/clarification. It was hard to see on my phone but clearer on my tv:-)

  • @fredwild190
    @fredwild1902 жыл бұрын

    Why do you cut the gate in the cope and the runner in the drag? Many thanks.

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    2 жыл бұрын

    Fred, Well the theory is that this helps ensure the runner is full before the gate starts to flow. The golden rule is to take the metal down to the lowest part of the mould via the properly sized and tapered sprue. From there the metal must only move upwards (or at least horizontally) So out into the runner and then up into the gate and then horizontally into the casting and steadily upwards. Not always possible or practical to do this of course but always worth trying for it....Martin

  • @user-fo4wt6sh3r
    @user-fo4wt6sh3r6 жыл бұрын

    Mr. Martin, I'm impressed with your skill! Could you separately tell us what kind of molding mixture you use (can it be replaced with another one?) than cover the feeders of castings, and how do you get such a shiny surface casting! Thank you in advance and greetings from Ukraine!

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Greetings fro Australia I think that you are the second Ukrainian I have replied too.The sand that I use is a natural green sand. It is straight out of the ground from a quarry a few kilometres from where I live. I do grind some of it finer to produce the facing sand, and it is this facing sand that is in part at least responsible for the smooth and shiny surface. These castings were smooth but they were not as shiny as I normally get, many of my other videos show much shiner castings. The use of a good alloy and proper feeding also helps with the shine. Many people use petrobond type of sands with good success to produce smooth castings. Otherwise I suggest that you see if there are any commercial foundries near you and ask them where they get their sand from... Martin

  • @htral
    @htral6 жыл бұрын

    OK - This is a temp form of a backing board. If you were doing a great number a backing board would be better right?

  • @OldIronShops

    @OldIronShops

    6 жыл бұрын

    you got it i made something like that for a angle plate pattern

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    htral, I must admit I have never heard it called a backing board but yes, you are correct for longer run jobs I either have a proper oddside made up usually in wood and my videos on the throttle body casting shows one of these, or I have a plate made up with the pattern(s) glued in place to it. The latter is more usual for small work where I want a few in each mould. Usually the oddside or plate will have pin holes and slots to match the moulding boxes.... Martin

  • @htral

    @htral

    6 жыл бұрын

    Sorry - wrong term -- Follow or Follower board! Ug, I'm not so old that I can blame age....

  • @OldIronShops

    @OldIronShops

    6 жыл бұрын

    htral happens to me all the time lol

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Htral, Ah, "Follow board" now I definitely have heard it called that! Happens to me all the time too but I do have the age excuse, just call me one of the "confused elderly" -:) ... Martin

  • @ludditeneaderthal
    @ludditeneaderthal6 жыл бұрын

    Is there a reason not to make a more durable odd side out of core sand? Granted, not needed by a seasoned pro like you, but what about ham handed clumsy neophytes like myself, lol?

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Luddite, I have seen oddsides made out of almost anything (well, ok, maybe not soft cheese) Concrete, plaster, plastic, car body filer, wood, metal, plasticine, wax, cast resins of all types, and as you suggest core sand. For me its a matter of how many I have to make, How nasty the parting line is, how difficult is it to make the oddside, and will I get a repeat order? This determines how much effort I am prepared to put into making the oddside. Where an oddside is required for a long running repeat job I will use ones built up out of wood and car body filler This is particularly the case if the parting line looks like an angry sea even if the requirement is only a handful of castings. It is often well worth while incorporating dowel pin holes in the oddside and to add as much of the gating so it can be moulded rather than cut.... Martin

  • @ludditeneaderthal

    @ludditeneaderthal

    6 жыл бұрын

    lol, soft cheese would certainly test one's skill, but also add a homey scent to the pour! thanks for the comprehensive reply. your "production" based work load and methods are quite informative and seem a bit more practical than the typical artistic/hobbyist efforts the majority of casting channels provide. just finished the gang block vid with the chill plate "disaster"

  • @olfoundryman8418

    @olfoundryman8418

    6 жыл бұрын

    Luddite, Yeh, we were a bit lucky there - the foundry Gods smiled on us that day (tomorrow eh, maybe not do much who knows? But we will see 😀... Martin

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