Camera Basics - Focal Length

Фильм және анимация

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Through animation, I explain various aspects of focal length, from the principle of the subject, to crop factor, and finally the different classifications of lenses.
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I am releasing animations once every month. This animation was a bit late, because I decided to compose in 8K and then scale it down for some reason, and After Effects threw me a loop so it ended up only in 1080p anyway. These videos take me about 20-30 hours to make, from start to finish. If you have any constructive criticism, put it in the comments, and leave suggestions as to what subjects you would like me to cover in the future.
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Credits:
Animation, Vector Design: Vincent Ledvina
Voiceover: contracted from Fiverr
Music: In That Smile - Mattia Cupelli
Sound Effects: Created by myself and sourced online
________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for watching! Don't forget to subscribe!

Пікірлер: 479

  • @TheAVP2010
    @TheAVP20102 жыл бұрын

    I never saw any photography video on KZread could explain so much information in such simple clear efficient way with such fantastic stunning animation! Thank you!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    2 жыл бұрын

    Glad it was helpful!

  • @The_Mend
    @The_Mend4 жыл бұрын

    I walked away with a good understanding and without the headache of feeling overwhelmed. Many thanks.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you sir.

  • @Sinistration
    @Sinistration7 жыл бұрын

    Your animation art is absolutely beautiful, coupling that with the detailed yet understandable explanations and your videos are amazing. Thank you for your hard work!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    7 жыл бұрын

    Thanks man!

  • @Th3Abel

    @Th3Abel

    5 жыл бұрын

    Couldn't agree more! Very helpful and easy to understand.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Th3Abel Thanks!

  • @aronnathan6767

    @aronnathan6767

    2 жыл бұрын

    i guess im randomly asking but does anybody know a trick to log back into an instagram account? I was dumb forgot the login password. I would love any tips you can give me!

  • @darrenvincenzo1198

    @darrenvincenzo1198

    2 жыл бұрын

    @Aron Nathan instablaster =)

  • @justoalejandrogonzalez5097
    @justoalejandrogonzalez50976 жыл бұрын

    Continuing what I've said in the Aperture video... DUDE: on 0:34 can you please explain how is that nobody use such clear and obvious image to explain the angle of view? You just rock, man.

  • @GraceCutie_

    @GraceCutie_

    6 жыл бұрын

    Justo Alejandro Gonzalez THAT WAS MY FAVORITE PART!!

  • @leopotrek
    @leopotrek6 жыл бұрын

    Short, brief, and clear. I love the way you present this. Thank you for your share.

  • @vinr
    @vinr6 жыл бұрын

    Excellent explanation without showing a single shot or camera lens like many other channels do, yet very informative and easy to understand

  • @ardentdfender4116
    @ardentdfender41165 жыл бұрын

    New to Photography and just found your channel. The graphics and animation is amazing along with the demystifying explanation. Absolutely well done. That Focal Length and Field Of View animation at 0:36 and its explanation has hands down got to be the most concise explanation I’ve ever seem represented. So good I decided to subscribe.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    That's awesome to hear, man. I really appreciate the kind words and feedback. Happy to have you on board and stay tuned for more coming soon.

  • @johnd5398
    @johnd53984 жыл бұрын

    I've looked all over for this answer. Every video promises to "explain" camera lenses, but NONE of them explain exactly what the numbers mean - except this one. I'm not one of those people who takes words on faith - I want to KNOW what things mean so that I know how they work. Thanks for giving me that info.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks, John. What you said sums up exactly what I thought when I started out in photography; everyone was telling me to believe this or that, but I wanted to know the hard science and truth behind things; that's what led me to create this channel. Thanks for the feedback and I'm glad I am delivering on my promise to provide straightforward and factual content. Take care.

  • @davidepaula
    @davidepaula7 жыл бұрын

    You are a PRO! Please keep these coming!

  • @nathanielbermas5079
    @nathanielbermas50795 жыл бұрын

    This is the best photography lesson you will find on KZread!!!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the kind words!

  • @saahilshaik9024
    @saahilshaik90242 жыл бұрын

    this helped me so much. ive been trying to understand these aspects of photography for so long and this is the best video ive ever seen. it taught me about more than just focal length. thakns for going in detail about them and making it easy to understand. thank you.

  • @jessemcelroy5266
    @jessemcelroy52663 жыл бұрын

    These are some of the best basic photography videos I have seen. Real clear and easy to follow. It doesn't do much good to study shooting techniques and advanced features if your not clear on the basic concepts; these videos really cleared up some misconceptions and some confusion for me so I now can move on to more advanced concepts. Thank you very much.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, Jesse. I'm glad I could help.

  • @duzy87
    @duzy877 күн бұрын

    What a great way to explain these concepts! Love this tutorial 👏

  • @vault_hunter23
    @vault_hunter23 Жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot for the extremely intuitive and very simple explanations for the focal length. This is the first time I have got the actual impact of focal length

  • @captainfluffyz6283
    @captainfluffyz62835 жыл бұрын

    This animation is so helpful I cannot express that enough. I always come back to this video when I get confused about focal lengths. 0:38 is by far the best graphic for describing this!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for your feedback. I am genuinely uplifted when I hear stories like your's. Stay tuned for more videos coming soon.

  • @utkarshtiwari7738
    @utkarshtiwari7738 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you! You are a amazing teacher and your have designed this video so well. Brilliant work!

  • @andrewriley4990
    @andrewriley49905 ай бұрын

    This was AWESOME well explained and illustrated.......THANK YOU !

  • @marijavujicic6102
    @marijavujicic61022 жыл бұрын

    Great video!Simple and on point. And with the animation is much much easier to remember💯

  • @artyomca
    @artyomca4 жыл бұрын

    Masterfully edited animations, clear and concise explanations. Good job!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much. Sorry for the late reply. I am making pretty big changes to the channel right now, so stay tuned for more.

  • @motivateLAB
    @motivateLAB Жыл бұрын

    You deserve more than 10 million subscribers, your explanation is easy to understand which corresponds well with animation

  • @mangatsinghdeol2941
    @mangatsinghdeol2941 Жыл бұрын

    Awesome video.....very easy to understand. Thank you for taking the time to make this video and sharing with us. learned several things from it. Once again thank you.

  • @Eristhenes
    @Eristhenes6 жыл бұрын

    I've been exhausting myself trying to find videos (and books) i could understand.You are heaven sent, you have answered my prayers!

  • @katelyngallagher321
    @katelyngallagher3213 жыл бұрын

    This is one of the best intro-to-photography-concepts I’ve seen yet. Thank you.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much!

  • @behindtheglosss
    @behindtheglosss5 жыл бұрын

    Simply fantastic. So well put and well explained. The best that I have come across, on the given topic.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    5 жыл бұрын

    Thanks!

  • @seanc.5310
    @seanc.53106 жыл бұрын

    You sir have the most informative channel for aspiring photography buffs. Thank you!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank YOU. Your kind words really inspire me to keep making videos. I am glad I could help you and others. Sorry for just responding to this comment now.

  • @patricklebrun4399
    @patricklebrun43997 жыл бұрын

    This channel is going to blow up

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    :O

  • @MohsenDhafer
    @MohsenDhafer3 жыл бұрын

    love the hard work, it's elegant, informative and time-sparing. every sentence is important, no fill here. thanks for the effort.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    thanks, appreciate the kind words!

  • @mathieuponcet5541
    @mathieuponcet55415 жыл бұрын

    Finally someone explaining it so clearly! Thanks

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for watching, glad it was helpful!

  • @cluxseltoot
    @cluxseltoot5 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for making and sharing an explicit and easy to understand photographic lens video.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    You are very welcome. I enjoy explaining these photography concepts so to hear your kind words really means a lot.

  • @dancu9271
    @dancu9271 Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for making and sharing your video!!

  • @brentonwithers4508
    @brentonwithers45084 жыл бұрын

    Very straightforward and succinct description and explanation. Well done!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you.

  • @fearfacts755
    @fearfacts7552 жыл бұрын

    Perfect explanation with great animations.

  • @peksn
    @peksn2 жыл бұрын

    Honestly the best explanation I've found on the topic as I'm just beginning, other just start throwing the numbers around without really explaining too much about it, also the physics interpretation at the start really helped me understand why longer focal lengths would look the furthest and make objects look close together (rays are almost parallel at that point it's like isometric view)

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the praise, I really appreciate it!

  • @OnizukaSenseSay
    @OnizukaSenseSay5 ай бұрын

    Honestly this is one of the best videos i have seen on this topic and explained this in a while understood. I had multiple aha moments of now i understsnd that.

  • @tmahajan1990
    @tmahajan19906 жыл бұрын

    Amazingly explained video about 'Focal Length'. Cleared some basic concepts with this video!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the feedback. I'm glad I could help.

  • @markm.9597
    @markm.95974 жыл бұрын

    Why am I only coming across these videos now!?? They're amazing! Definitely recommending them to friends and family

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Mark, that's great to hear. Stay tuned for more in the coming months.

  • @dhananandanikulathunga6845
    @dhananandanikulathunga6845 Жыл бұрын

    This is the best video I've ever watched.

  • @joek5637
    @joek56375 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! Fundamental understanding is such an important thing for everyone. Great job.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    I totally agree, and thank you for watching.

  • @fyisic
    @fyisic5 жыл бұрын

    Perfect video. Simple but yet very informative. Soothing voice and great animation.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks!

  • @metacity75
    @metacity753 жыл бұрын

    Clear illustrations and well explained. Good job !

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    thanks!

  • @sourabhlahoti7466
    @sourabhlahoti74666 ай бұрын

    Very nice video. Thanks for clearing my concepts

  • @deelister1349
    @deelister13493 жыл бұрын

    Excellent clear explanation and video. Thanks!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad it was helpful!

  • @mohamedgamal-gi5ws
    @mohamedgamal-gi5ws2 жыл бұрын

    Best explanation on KZread

  • @BaghaShams
    @BaghaShams3 жыл бұрын

    This was the only video I could find on KZread that actually explained how lenses and their numbers work technically. One nitpick: in the list of drawbacks of zoom lenses it didn't mention that zoom lenses lose aperture stops with increased zoom.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the kind words and the feedback. The only thing about zoom lenses is that not all zoom lenses have variable apertures, but many do.

  • @PieOnPot
    @PieOnPot5 жыл бұрын

    Easy to understand explanation - thank you for putting this together!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the kind words and you are very welcome. I enjoy putting together these videos and helping other photographers understand important concepts.

  • @pablok2854
    @pablok28543 жыл бұрын

    what a great video! a 5 minutes masterclass... congratulations!!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much!

  • @TheAhanin
    @TheAhanin11 ай бұрын

    This guy is an amazing visual teacher.

  • @CaptainCory
    @CaptainCory4 жыл бұрын

    This was easily the best video I’ve seen on this topic.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks!

  • @3HmoobTeejTug
    @3HmoobTeejTug4 жыл бұрын

    Apalapse, I would like to thank you for this video of yours. I love the section about your explanation of the APS-C and the Full-frame camera. Now I know how to calculate the focal length of my lens when I mount them on my APS-C camera.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    I'm glad you liked it! The only thing I should say is that when you switch from full frame to APS-C, the focal length itself does not change, it's only the field of view. This is just a semantics issue mostly but it's important to remember since a lot of people think that when they switch bodies the focal length of the lens also changes, making it a different lens... When you multiply the focal length by the crop factor you are just saying that on the smaller-sensor camera the lens has a new field of view of ____, since focal length is the distance from nodal point to the sensor it will never change regardless of the camera you attach it to. I just wanted to articulate this in case it helps you or anyone else. Thanks for commenting and take care!

  • @rogerd9150
    @rogerd91502 жыл бұрын

    I just watched a video from a guy with 900k subscribers. He scribbled on an electronic drawing screen to explain these concepts but his explanation couldn't have been more confusing! Then I come here and watch an extremely SIMPLE to understand explanation with VERY good diagrams. Your video was ten times as good as his! Thank you! Liked and Subscribed!!!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much, I really appreciate that! I try to be as simple and straightforward as possible so I don't waste anyone's time and so only the necessary information is communicated.

  • @vitorkock4847
    @vitorkock48472 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the explanation

  • @dollg44
    @dollg446 жыл бұрын

    Superb detailed video.Great work

  • @TolisDokianos
    @TolisDokianos3 жыл бұрын

    Very good explanation of the basics on focal length. Thank you!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    You're very welcome!

  • @princebanini
    @princebanini4 жыл бұрын

    this video was very informative. it explained all i needed to know. love it

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you sir. Stay tuned for more videos coming soon. I took a bit of a hiatus from KZread but now I'm back!

  • @baconbrofro860
    @baconbrofro8604 жыл бұрын

    This was an easy to understand, informative video on focal length that i'm glad i found so i can understand all of this camera mumbo jumbo

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    I'm glad it was helpful! I try and make the videos striaght to the point with simple terms so that everyone can understand. Thanks for the feedback and good luck with your photography.

  • @SwissplWatches
    @SwissplWatches6 жыл бұрын

    Great video! Thank you!

  • @subhashgoragund6470
    @subhashgoragund64703 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much for brief and wonderful expansion, it was easy to understand this confusing matter.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    You're very welcome!

  • @Fauxtag
    @Fauxtag3 жыл бұрын

    I watched a dozen videos, but did not fully understand until I saw this. Thanks!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you found it helpful, thanks for watching!

  • @evilwarlock
    @evilwarlock7 жыл бұрын

    Excellent video, very clear explanation! Great job.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for watching and for your kind words.

  • @supersonik76
    @supersonik766 жыл бұрын

    Best explanation of focal length yet.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks!

  • @tamapra57
    @tamapra575 жыл бұрын

    This is so well explained. Thanks man

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the kind words. Stay tuned for more videos!

  • @AnnaHebel
    @AnnaHebel5 жыл бұрын

    exactly what I needed! thank you!!!!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    You are very welcome.

  • @Glakebabybig44
    @Glakebabybig444 жыл бұрын

    Amazing video!!! helps out alot

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks! I'm glad.

  • @GeorgeMadden33
    @GeorgeMadden334 жыл бұрын

    Your video's are awesome - have always left camera on Auto - Now retired with time on my hands so trying to do a little better. Read a few things, saw some videos but after seeing this channel, the fog is really lifting. Thanks so much !

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    I'm really glad that you found this video helpful. I hope you are able to find the time to learn manual mode, the process of shooting manual is a great way to really learn how your camera works. Let me know if you need any more help or have any suggestions for future videos. Take care!

  • @kcheung1960
    @kcheung19603 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much. This is so helpful.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad it was helpful!

  • @heppylifestyle
    @heppylifestyle4 жыл бұрын

    gosh -- someone broke this down in simple terms and made it easy to watch. thank u!! ur living HEPPily ;)

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Haha! Thanks for the kind words. My goal is always to try and break complicated concepts down into easy-to-understand tidbits. I'm glad you found that in this video, thanks for watching, friend! Take care and live HEPPily.

  • @heppylifestyle

    @heppylifestyle

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Apalapse as a sincere thank you, i subscribed. the comments below properly recognize ur excellent content and presentation.

  • @hamletgiragosian6147
    @hamletgiragosian61476 жыл бұрын

    excellent presentation. thank you

  • @MuhammadRafikBakhtshiren
    @MuhammadRafikBakhtshiren6 жыл бұрын

    Totally agreed with this video... I learned most of basic and advance information's... I can't get it clearly from my friends.. But with your help.. I get more n more.. Thanks!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    I'm glad I can help!

  • @nomadproductions8964
    @nomadproductions89645 жыл бұрын

    this was a great video, very informative. Thanks for the lesson

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    You are very welcome. Thank you for watching.

  • @akhileshap9439
    @akhileshap94394 жыл бұрын

    The presentation was great... I loved it.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you liked it!

  • @BGPsychology
    @BGPsychology4 жыл бұрын

    Best video for camera basics!!! Thanks!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for watching. Glad you liked the video.

  • @AlexIr99
    @AlexIr994 жыл бұрын

    This was really informative. And to think I knew exactly what focal length was and how it affected photos...

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Glad to hear it was helpful. Thanks for watching and for the feedback.

  • @a2roland
    @a2roland5 жыл бұрын

    Awesome explanation!

  • @swaggers23
    @swaggers236 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! Very well elaborated!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, Josh!

  • @LuizCarlosMontanari
    @LuizCarlosMontanari4 жыл бұрын

    Congratulations ! Fantastic slides.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, Luiz. I am glad that you liked the video!

  • @10MBorLess
    @10MBorLess2 жыл бұрын

    Very informative thank you

  • @galaxycreativeto
    @galaxycreativeto4 жыл бұрын

    Phenomenal job explaining this 👏

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for watching!

  • @JeremiahStringer
    @JeremiahStringer5 жыл бұрын

    Very great info and video! Appreciate it!!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    5 жыл бұрын

    Glad you enjoyed it!

  • @jozeflazer
    @jozeflazer3 жыл бұрын

    it is amazingly explaining here.. thanks for the videos..

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @danielmagdziarz7440
    @danielmagdziarz74405 жыл бұрын

    Fantastic explanation. Thanks!

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the kind words, I hope this video helped!

  • @jonathanl2757
    @jonathanl27574 жыл бұрын

    Wow, NAILED it.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks man.

  • @xmen2pondy
    @xmen2pondy6 жыл бұрын

    WOW, great explanation :-) Thank you.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    You are very welcome, thank you for watching!

  • @Shakirprimez
    @Shakirprimez3 жыл бұрын

    Cannot thank you enough, Made my day.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, that's great to hear!

  • @nblanca67
    @nblanca672 жыл бұрын

    Very good explanation..this is 'focal length for dummies' like me...

  • @TheDude-vx6wn
    @TheDude-vx6wn4 жыл бұрын

    Very helpful. Thank you.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    You're welcome!

  • @SMWhizKid
    @SMWhizKid3 жыл бұрын

    This video was very helpful, thank you so much ☺

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    You're so welcome!

  • @ranaislam3123
    @ranaislam31236 жыл бұрын

    Excellent explanation!

  • @TheDisruptiveYouTuber

    @TheDisruptiveYouTuber

    5 жыл бұрын

    It's shit. It's absolutely rife with misinformation

  • @LawatheMEid
    @LawatheMEid Жыл бұрын

    Really big thankyou.

  • @piyushpatel2836
    @piyushpatel28366 жыл бұрын

    Every teacher should teach anything like this only!!! Then no doubt that a student has understood the topic!!! Amazing channel

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Wow, I am flattered! Thanks for the kind words and compliment. I hope you found this video helpful and I encourage you to stay tuned for more videos.

  • @LorencCala
    @LorencCala4 жыл бұрын

    Yes I learned. Thank you

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Good to hear! Thanks for watching.

  • @mahavirdugge4142
    @mahavirdugge41423 жыл бұрын

    Explained very nicely

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot

  • @1986Unlimited
    @1986Unlimited Жыл бұрын

    Fantastic video.

  • @mrkyn
    @mrkyn5 жыл бұрын

    such a great video !! thank you

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks!

  • @techthief3278
    @techthief32784 жыл бұрын

    Amazing definition Sir 👌

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a ton

  • @auroshisray9140
    @auroshisray914011 ай бұрын

    Loved it ❤

  • @TW-vw4ss
    @TW-vw4ss2 ай бұрын

    excellent! subscribed!

  • @thetopleadings1529
    @thetopleadings15294 жыл бұрын

    sir ur teachings are awesome ......

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @JAAAYCOBB653
    @JAAAYCOBB6533 жыл бұрын

    Thanks, helped me alot.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad it helped!

  • @binaryoverload
    @binaryoverload5 жыл бұрын

    These are great!

  • @zeeshaann
    @zeeshaann4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you. Very good video. I am impressed. This helped my knowledge. I have also subscribed. Thanks again.

  • @Apalapse

    @Apalapse

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for subscribing and look forward to more videos.

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