“What are your walls made out of”? “Knowledge.”

@CulturedThugPoster

3 жыл бұрын

Black nitrogen matters ! .. *I'll see myself out then ..*

@davidb6576

3 жыл бұрын

No, the FOUNDATION is made of knowledge, the walls are made from the limits of imagination.

@SkywalkerAni

3 жыл бұрын

And SCIENCE! *Cackles*

@cheesemons

3 жыл бұрын

@@davidb6576 probably meant the walls in his office

@somesortofdeliciousbiscuit3704

3 жыл бұрын

'Give me a fruitful error, bursting with the seeds of its own corrections than some dry and tasteless dogma.'

"Not an experiment you can do in your kitchen." Sounds like a challenge to me. I'll use the crushing weight of repeated failures to get the pressure, and use the fiery wrath of spite to supply the heat.

@jamesdriscoll9405

3 жыл бұрын

And the diesel eyes of disarray to supply the synchrotron X-rays

@a.mathis9454

3 жыл бұрын

No do it in your garage! Lol

@andrewjvaughan

3 жыл бұрын

This week on Applied Science...

@MrAranton

3 жыл бұрын

I hope you don't have a gas stove. Handling the crushing weight of repeated failure near such an obvious means of suicide goes against any and all rules of lab- and workplace safety!

@thedarkdragon1437

3 жыл бұрын

I'll use my fathers crushing dissappointment in me to apply the pressure and my own wrath and fury to supply the heat. I need to release it somewhere, sounds like a perfect place.

The thought of him feeling nervous about a speech just makes him seem so much more likable. I have listened to him explain things over the years, and I never thought of him being nervous.

they held it between two diamonds, squeezed it, and shot it with a death star, creating black nitrogen. sweet.

@KairuHakubi

3 жыл бұрын

I respect any material that has to be quickly analyzed before the apparatus that created it _melts_

The technology used just to detect this stuff is mind boggling.

@fredtaylor9792

3 жыл бұрын

@@jackschitt1709 Yes, pretty disappointing now that our potential has exceeded our will but we still have a chance.

@AntonFetzer

3 жыл бұрын

Synchrotrons and x-ray crystallography are both quite old technologies. If you could bring this paper back in time to the 50ies, a lot of scientists might understand it or at least the main principles, even if they don't get the technical details on how to perform the experiment in practice.

@garycard1456

3 жыл бұрын

Certainly not cheap, either.

@alexpotts6520

3 жыл бұрын

@@jackschitt1709 I don't think this is a bad thing, per se. The sum total of human knowledge at this point is so enormous that no individual person could ever grasp a full one percent of it, most knowledge has to therefore remain extremely specialised. Knowledge is still free (or it should be). But the limiting factor quickly becomes not the hoarding of knowledge but the upload speed and/or storage capacity of the human brain. The ability to design these futuristic experiments just isn't valuable knowledge for most individual humans, even if it is certainly valuable for humankind as a whole. So let those with the knowledge and the ability run the experiments. It is sufficient for the rest of us simply to marvel, both at their ingenuity and at the infinite richness of the natural world.

@knutritter461

3 жыл бұрын

Actually... that technique for detection is a rather basic one in chemistry... ;-)

It's always great to see that Professor Sir Poliakoff still gets excited when he learns new things! I'm a firm believer that you're never too old to learn.

@garycard1456

3 жыл бұрын

Absolutely!

@SkywalkerAni

3 жыл бұрын

I think that enthusiasm is what drives a lot of science.

@crazyfishmonster459

3 жыл бұрын

Teams of scientists like those who discovered bp-N are often not only the most experienced and creative, but also the most enthusiastic. We joke about mad scientists, but madness is a part of genius!

@LuisAldamiz

3 жыл бұрын

Not in the case of the Professor at least.

@scottmantooth8785

3 жыл бұрын

*agreed...enjoy this channel and his videos in particular due to that fact*

A "practical" application can be to better understand how nitrogen behaves in the very high pressures inside a gas- or ice giant.

@markfergerson2145

2 жыл бұрын

I just rewached this video after a year and had the same thought. Planetologists should take this into consideration.

@jamesperkins2552

Жыл бұрын

It’s application is as an explosive all those nitrogen atoms in non triple bonds.

I am an accountant. I don't get everything the Professor says, but the passion and enthusiasm is contagious, and brings me back.... every single time. I love these videos. Respect from the US Sir Martyn

"Hokay so today on Hydroulaick Press Channel we got two tapered diamonds and we going to see what happen"

@flavioaugustojose

3 жыл бұрын

Searching for this comment and not disappointed. Now waiting hard for the bF-N (black Finnish Nitrogen)

@IvoTrausch

3 жыл бұрын

Nitrogen Compressor Five Million

@martiddy

3 жыл бұрын

@Paolo G I can hear his voice reading this comment haha

@zapfanzapfan

3 жыл бұрын

I want to see that :-)

@killz0ne215

3 жыл бұрын

You win the YT crossover comment award of the year! I can hear his voice now!

I love how humanity is exploiting physical effects like this to find out such cool stuff! It's almost like exploiting glitches in a video game.

@neurhlp

3 жыл бұрын

high pressures are really exciting, you can even make high temperature superconductors with ultra high pressures.

@StephenGillie

3 жыл бұрын

And the Simulation Hypothesis gets reinvented from first principles again. Almost like it's human nature...or a truth of the "reality" in which we live, amirite?

@Elviloh

3 жыл бұрын

@@neurhlp It intrigued me too when he said chemists don't really look into pressure. Are they too "down to earth" ? Chemistry in the heart of star or in black holes...isn't it there that the elements we find on Earth came from ? How can you not be interested into ultra high pressure ? Weird.

@VoilaTadaOfficial

3 жыл бұрын

The crafting system in this game is top tier. New recipes that take exploiting the physics engine to overflow the temperature values to get the secret material is just for completionists. (Jokes asside, my comment is inspired by the channel Tier Zoo, which talks about animals as if our world was a video game called Outside.)

@Just_Sara

3 жыл бұрын

@@Elviloh I'm sure they ARE interested, as the very existence of this video demonstrates, but it's just not what most chemists deal with every day. I think most chemistry happens in regular room on Earth at normal or normal-ish pressures.

Sir Martin's hand motions whenever he gets excited talking about something is something I can infinitely relate to.

“Using diamonds and lazers to make black nitrogen” That’s so cool

@yourguard4

3 жыл бұрын

... in a cyclotron! :D

@dl5244

3 жыл бұрын

*transparent "black" nitrogen...

@FreeScience

3 жыл бұрын

@@yourguard4 Synchrotron in this case.

@yourguard4

3 жыл бұрын

@@FreeScience my bad

@MrAranton

3 жыл бұрын

Considering how much heat was required, that suff being cool seems counterproductive...

How much science and engineering can we *squeeze* in a single experiment? YES. We got two diamonds in a hydraulic press, we got a laser going through the diamonds to heat it, we got the entire thing in under high pressure nitrogen gas, and to top it off we got x-rays shooting through the sample, whose diffraction pattern will be reverse mapped backed to the crystal lattice structure... How many people were working on this?

@planetsoccer99

3 жыл бұрын

9 authors on the paper, so at least that many

@Just_Sara

3 жыл бұрын

"By our powers combined...!"

@alexpotts6520

3 жыл бұрын

And you've got a fraction of a second to measure the system before the apparatus breaks under the extreme conditions

@sleeptyper

3 жыл бұрын

@@alexpotts6520 I bet they don't get any warranty for it either.

@webchimp

3 жыл бұрын

Best thing is that setup is called a Diamond Anvil. It's a similar setup to the one they used to make metallic hydrogen.

The people are geniuses that designed all the test equipment. Great video!

@benallyteamak9755

3 жыл бұрын

electronicsNmore indeed.

@trespire

3 жыл бұрын

@electronicsNmore Mechanical engineering.

@jmchez

3 жыл бұрын

Diamond anvil presses with laser heating are 1980s technology. Synchroton and x ray crystallography are from the 1950's. The only new thing is that using these old technologies they achieved something new. People have been doing this with hydrogen for decades to understand the physics inside Jupiter or the Sun.

Please never stop making these videos. Also, I like the interview/response style here. Both Prof. Poliakoff and the interviewer are on point here.

I think it's very cool that phase diagrams of so many elements and compounds are being extended with experiments like these, sometimes making compounds that can't exist at STP.

0:25 So it is pretty hard to make it at home with a bicycle pump?

@rusdanibudiwicaksono1879

3 жыл бұрын

Maybe if your pump is made of neutronium? 😅

@naturallyinterested7569

3 жыл бұрын

@@rusdanibudiwicaksono1879 I think a standard diamond pump would be enough, so really a garage project ;)

@JanicekTrnecka

3 жыл бұрын

Just whack some old fridge compressors together - simple scrapyard sourced project. :D

@daivomjoshi8677

3 жыл бұрын

@@JanicekTrneckaNot sure about Nitrogen, but it would surely make his D!©k black... 😂

@nattsurfaren

3 жыл бұрын

LOL your replies makes me laugh.

Fascinating. Though I do find it pretty funny that the transition from black to transparent was the point at which it became "black nitrogen".

@Elcheecho

3 жыл бұрын

Science journalists, amirite

Synchrotron is honestly one of the coolest places to visit/go do some science, hard work long days but Diamond Light Source in Oxford is such an exciting place to work. I really want to visit the Synchrotron at Trieste or DESY in Germany or SPring-8 in Japan....really just to do a global synchrotron crawl

2:00 hey, you pronounced Aachen correctly! Very nice, thank you for taking the effort to learn it. 🍄

And there I was, walking past the glass case with the black phosphorus for many years not knowing it was that special 🙈 Also, I was at your lecture and as you could undoubtedly see by the attendance, we loved having you in Aachen ❤️

@gutentag1752

3 жыл бұрын

Greatings from Bonn as well

The professor actually looks younger now than a few years ago.

@prithvip6360

3 жыл бұрын

The curious case of Martyn Poliakoff

@not2hot99

3 жыл бұрын

@@prithvip6360 perhaps hes secretly working on an experiment to stop aging

@blueeye2281

3 жыл бұрын

@@not2hot99 or he ate that black nitrogen.

@jherys3867

3 жыл бұрын

@@blueeye2281 or the frozen banana at the end of this clip :D

@Christopher-N

3 жыл бұрын

His source is Magician Humphrey from the _Xanth_ series (author: Piers Anthony). Professor Sir Martyn Poliakoff is exempt from serving Humphrey's requisite year of service because our professor provides useful science to Humphrey.

Everyone: I'm going to get a ton of home improvement and craft project done during lockdown, it'll be super productive. German physicists: Halte mein Bier

@Miak0oo

3 жыл бұрын

Hah. People who can read and understand German can only understand :)

@emilf7150

3 жыл бұрын

I cant read german. My guess is its hold my beer

@paulpaulsen7777

3 жыл бұрын

Ghandi 2 Exactly 😃👍 🍺

@acewmd.

3 жыл бұрын

@@Miak0oo pretty sure context makes it so literally everyone understood the joke.

Professor Sir Martyn Poliakoff, THANK YOU! Thank you for bringing the explanation to a level I can understand. Or at least research a bit to better understand. You are an excellent teacher.

I like how he is so exited at the start of the video

@neilhobson3624

3 жыл бұрын

Professor Poliakoff is such a likeable guy. So inoffensive. Great guy. 👍👍.

@seanharvey548

3 жыл бұрын

Yes he is

i dropped out of college years ago, i used to be a chemistry major. i still watch these videos every time they’re uploaded. i love you

@michealdumasii5432

3 жыл бұрын

I love you

@general_prodigy

3 жыл бұрын

why'd you drop out? Chemistry major is an honour... gettit?

@mark33545

3 жыл бұрын

General Prodigy no

@crunch9876

3 жыл бұрын

You drop out to be a streamer?

@vincentwidjaja688

3 жыл бұрын

@@general_prodigy Royal Chemistry Society?

Hello! I am a student from the last LIYSF, I really appreciate Professor Sir Martyn Poliakoff's lecture, it was exceptionally informative. My great appreciation to Prof. Poliakoff. Hope u can live as long as the half-life of Carbon 14!

My goodness doctor Poliakov you haven't aged a day in 15 years. May you live to be a hundred and fifty! You've no idea how much the videos that you and Brady have made have rekindled my interest in chemistry. I might not be using chemistry in a profession, but I feel like these videos and chemistry has filled an emptiness inside me for sure. We all need our projects. :D

The Prof's genuine excitement in this announcement is the greatest thing ❤️

Professor you are an inspiration to an aspiring chemist like myself. When I feel like I’m not cut out for chemistry I come here and the professors childlike amazement for chemistry always makes me think about how much I enjoy chemistry also, even when it gets difficult. You should do a video on solvated electrons if you haven’t already! (i.e. sodium metal in liquid ammonia)

@michaelroy1631

3 жыл бұрын

they do have a video on ammoniated electrons! it's a few years old, but you should be able to search for it on the channel page.

@markshort9098

3 жыл бұрын

Look up thunderf00t he's done that

@clown134

2 жыл бұрын

@@markshort9098 I was just thinking about that he made a metallic water correct?

@markshort9098

2 жыл бұрын

@@clown134 no it's anhydrous ammonia that's used.. alkali metals tend to explode in water

I grew up learning disabled & had nothing but learning labs my entire life until I went into college. Being a graphic designer I took the bare minimal of prerequisites I needed to get my degree college because college was extremely difficult. I longed to learn about so many different sciences, but knew if I was to ever learn I would have to do it all my own. I am so thankful for these videos because they help make sense of subjects I was told I would never understand. That and I found out in my mid twenties I had severe ADHD and started getting treatment for it 😅 With that out of the way I would just like to say, thank you, to all who make these videos possible. These videos have made something that was so foreign to me extremely enjoyable, thank you °~.♡.~°

If I didn't have a headache before I watched this, I sure have one now. I love your channel.

Would be interesting to hear about metallic hydrogen as well.

@Sarklord

3 жыл бұрын

And transparent aluminium ;-)

@quintrankid8045

3 жыл бұрын

@@Sarklord Rubies come close.

@MrKristyon

3 жыл бұрын

@@Sarklord already exists.

@thevalorousdong7675

3 жыл бұрын

@@Sarklord i made that with foil and a butane lighter. Just gotta heat thin aluminum to near melting point.

@alexpotts6520

3 жыл бұрын

Isn't the core of Jupiter mostly made from metallic hydrogen?

It's nice to know that there are still discoveries being made during my lifetime. Goes to show that there's still much we don't know...and maybe I'll be able to make one of these discoveries someday.

@nadlug9199

3 жыл бұрын

Progress is usually only observable on the scale of generations. Discovery happens nearly on a daily basis. Not everything discovered is immediately applicable and often requires developments in other fields before it can be utilized. Its exciting but I wouldn’t hold my breath for bp-N infused steel alloys being used to make lovely space elevators or fusion reactor components untill closer to the end of my natural lifespan.

@fireworkstarter

3 жыл бұрын

@@nadlug9199 or never

@pansepot1490

3 жыл бұрын

Sometimes it’s the technology devised to carry out these experiments that finds practical applications.

@gordonlawrence1448

3 жыл бұрын

There have been a huge number of discoveries so far this year if you include medicine and electronics etc.

@joshuarosen6242

3 жыл бұрын

There will always be huge discoveries. No matter how long we (or our computer descendants) live, there will be more to discover.

Yrs of chemistry and science and Sir Martin can still look wide eyed like a kid on xmas morning wen new things happen! So cool

I love Professor Poliakoff's enthusiasm when he talks about something that fascinates him. It's very contagious.

@neilhobson3624

3 жыл бұрын

I agree Miro. He’s a real stereotypical looking scientist too. Breath of fresh air. I’m quite surprised that he isn’t on the TV more. Why not a celebrity scientist, we’ve got all sorts of silly celebrities. Mind you , he ain’t silly, he’s ace 👍👍👍

The more I see that periodic table tie, the more I want one.

@robdickens764

3 жыл бұрын

Available from the London science museum

@robdickens764

3 жыл бұрын

I wear to school - chemistry teacher.

@chloehennessey6813

3 жыл бұрын

Don’t do it.

when did LEGO release the Professor Poliakoff figure?!

@kjamison5951

3 жыл бұрын

I think it was a special MiniFig custom build. You can custom make any figure on that website.

I really apprechiate brady's ability to ask really smart questions and lead the interview. Props to Dr. Haran

Prof. Poliakoff's office is literally my goals in life. I hope I get to me at least half as cool as a professor as he is.

@TheBigMclargehuge

3 жыл бұрын

Buddy that man is not cool

@wishusknight3009

3 жыл бұрын

@@TheBigMclargehuge Hes amazing

I wish I had this guy as a chemistry teacher when I was at school. What a great guy

Imagine being so wise and intelligent. I wish i could relate. Sir, your knowledge emanates from you and this time I wanna be a sponge to absorb as much as it's possible. Thank you!

@FreeRangeLemon

3 жыл бұрын

-sigh-

@GGoAwayy

3 жыл бұрын

Anyone can choose to become an expert in any particular field... what really sets him apart is the enthusiasm and passion he has for his area of expertise.

@soopernoodlepoodle

3 жыл бұрын

@@GGoAwayy having been taught by him I can honestly say his intellect is on another level. He is a genius and such a lovely guy, always willing to help!

I like how Martin can convey such excitement about the results. Helps keep people engaged to learn. Great video.

He sounds so happy in the introduction!! So cute!!!

I wonder if nitrogen forms crystals like the bp-N when its in the interior of stars, which must have huge pressure and temperature

@mistertheguy3073

3 жыл бұрын

That’s interesting, why wouldn’t it just become plasma

@general_prodigy

3 жыл бұрын

@@mistertheguy3073 then why didn't the nitrogen they experimented on become plasma? Because the transfer of heat was insatiateness while in a star, it is not

@nikkogajowniczek7634

3 жыл бұрын

General Prodigy that’s actually not why. The nitrogen didn’t turn to plasma because it was a solid. And at that pressure, the energy required to turn it into plasma is insane

@alphonsokurukuchu

3 жыл бұрын

the pressure and temperature inside a star can't be done on earth as for now

@TheGreatAtario

3 жыл бұрын

The pressure in the center of the sun is on the order of 100B atm, and the temperature on the order of 15M°C, so it's more than enough. The problem is that it's _so_ much that the atoms are knocking into one another hard enough to fuse nuclei, never mind forming chemical bonds

Thanks for the always informative videos and great production quality.

Amazing. I've got to tell my friends about this. This paper is now pretty high on my list of publications to read despite it being out of my usual range of topics.

I love watching this even though my high school knowledge limits my understanding of it all

Thank you. Keep up with the discoveries.

14 yr old here. This channel has helped me grow to like chemistry and be intrested in the periodic table

@jamesdriscoll9405

3 жыл бұрын

The periodic table is the roster for the big game

Very interesting. I'm always looking forward to videos like this. I love how Sir Martyn explains things. I love his ties too.

I don’t know much about chemistry being in aerospace engineering, but the apparatus engineered to do the process and measurements is astounding and beautiful.

Amazing as always!

"I've never tried freezing a ba-naw-na."

I love your videos! Please don't stop putting them out!!

Thank you Sir Poliakoff. The knowledge you brought us over the years will keep us on our toes.

"Not an experiment you can do in your kitchen" *Challange accepted.*

@chanvalentine8283

3 жыл бұрын

My roommate's cold fusion experiment is self sustaining in our refrigerator. It's even green.

@markshort9098

3 жыл бұрын

@@chanvalentine8283 that's just last years leftover pizza

@chanvalentine8283

3 жыл бұрын

@@markshort9098 LOL

@betsybarnicle8016

3 жыл бұрын

How's that going for ya?

@ElectricalSwift

2 жыл бұрын

My challenge for you is to spell correctly.

Nitrogen compounds are... rambunctious. The more nitrogen the merrier. 11:18 Translation "Can we use it to blow sh*t up?"

@petertaylor4980

3 жыл бұрын

Apparently perazabuckminsterfullerene is theoretically possible...

Love this Q&A format.

I love that I'm still learning from this man in 2020.

thanks for explaining chemistry so well in layman terms!

I'd like to know more of the material properties of this stuff, sounds fascinating!

The professor seems to look like a mad scientist. Thanks for the videos, they’ve really helped me with understanding chemistry better!

You sir are a great presenter and teacher!

Professor, thank you so much for dedicating your time to educating the world. Humanity as a whole benefits when we collectively learn.

One of the most interesting things to come out of this whole mess of a year. Nice!

I like your videos and have seen them for many years. I'm more intrigued by the fact that a camera and Ken's can be produced to capture the footage of something under such great pressure

never let to make videos please, your work teaching science it's incredible, greetings from Uruguay

Very fun to see other scientists talking about their field I'm more of a physics guy but chemistry is cool

My friend: What does science look like? Other people: Draw a diagram of an atom. Me, an intellectual: This guy

i just found this channel.... and omg i love this guy!!!!

In terms of uses, a single bonded nitrogen network could be a very high energy density material which could be useful in a lot of applications too

"Teacher, you're wrong!! A new form of nitrogen was discovered!!" **gets suspended for insubordination**

@GirishManjunathMusic

3 жыл бұрын

I got kicked outta class in 5th grade for insisting that atoms weren't fundamental particles. It wasn't even like I was interrupting class to say this, I spoke up about it in the break. And got kicked out. Of break.

@brandongriest44

2 жыл бұрын

Let's not forget the new element that the Spanish found, the element of surprise! Thank you Spanish inquisition, we never expected it!

@njones420

2 жыл бұрын

@@brandongriest44 Fetch the comfy chair!

I wish I could have had him for a teacher I would have stayed in school

Fascinating video, Professor!

These vidoes are so incredibly great .

12:40 it will be a pleasure 😂

Nice to see Sir Martyn again 👍🏻😎

Great video as always. Thank you. As a non-scientist, the best sense I can make of this is that it's the Nitrogen equivalent to a diamond. IE Carbon that has been placed under immense pressure and temperature changes to a transparent material.

This is some of the coolest science I've ever heard of

Just like S8 Oxygen can also show allotropy Coz Nitrogen just showed it... Who knows next time you'll get many peroxy bonds which will just be explosive

@gordonlawrence1448

3 жыл бұрын

Actually nitrogen is a better element for explosives because the end product is so stable. With ozone for example it's an explosive but forms oxygen which is a far lower change of energy state.

@warpigxxxl18

3 жыл бұрын

Energetic metals

@gordonlawrence1448

3 жыл бұрын

Energetc metals need something to react with. that is why aluminium in torpex only improves the explosion to a point then starts damping it down.

@tanushkalantri5096

3 жыл бұрын

@@gordonlawrence1448 you're true till the fact about stability I'm saying that many peroxy bonds might also react with nearly anything nearby that may result in explosions I'm just waiting to now see if they can now correlate Iodine and Fluorine coz a conducting liquid F2 gets as cool as it is [also acknowledging the fact that it'll be existing as (F3)+]

0:49 unless, I suppose, your kitchen happens to be in the center of the Earth.

@sauercrowder

3 жыл бұрын

A sort of "Hell's Kitchen," you might say

I love how excited you are about this. Science is brilliant. :)

I love your videos so much!

I want to see Metallic Hydrogen like what could be at the core of Jupiter.

0:20 what sorcery is this?

Nice one mate, thanks for the great video 👍

Aweseme! I love these videos, my main profession is a automotive technician. but i love learning of the elements. thank you for the videos. keep up the great work!

@jacobslaughter5092

3 жыл бұрын

Kansas city

There's probably going to be someone in the comment section to say,"This man looks like science"

@slowburntm3584

3 жыл бұрын

Technically you just did!

@ithebinman

3 жыл бұрын

this comment looks like science

“As chemists, we are normally not concerned with high pressures.” Except while studying for an exam!

Absolutely fascinating! Thank You.

Great lecture. Also, I love SIr Martyn's tie.

When I was in 5th grade, in the early 1970’s, I took a test and one question I was marked wrong on was the amount of planets in our solar system, I answered 8. I was told the correct answer was 9. I wonder if I wasn’t marked wrong, and my grade was increased, and I went on to have a career in the sciences, etc, ... Essentially the butterfly effect, what could have been...

@Gay_Priest

3 жыл бұрын

There’s a theory that there actually is a 9th planet that isn’t Pluto. Something about comets way past Neptune being affected by a planet sized gravity well, but so far no one’s had their telescope pointed in the right place at the right time to find whatever it is

@Gay_Priest

3 жыл бұрын

Tarzan wow you took it literally? I sincerely pity you

2:01 Bless you

Brilliant Video Thank you

Great Scott!

There's also violet phosphorus

@johntate6537

3 жыл бұрын

@RED Engineer True enough, though red phosphorous itself is not a well defined allotrope. You could argue that there is only white phosphorous and black phosphorous and everything else is intermediate. It depends how you like your definitions.

I wonder if normal nitrogen would be racist when seeing black nitrogen

@arthursandoval147

Ай бұрын

Hahahaha

Fascinating - being able to subject a sample existing only under such extreme conditions to X-ray crystallography.

yes!!! yes!!! more chemistry videos, please!!!